CN112798565B - 一种磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针及制备与应用 - Google Patents
一种磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针及制备与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的制备及应用。本申请的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针是将一种具有荧光物质的化合物修饰在稀土配位聚合物上,在同一激发波长下,产生两种物质的特征荧光发射峰,当分析物与荧光探针的其中一种荧光物质相互作用使其荧光增强或减弱,另一种荧光物质信号不变,从而达到比率型荧光检测的目的。另一方面,通过对比率型稀土荧光探针的磁功能化,利用磁分离将与分析物相互作用的探针与样品基质进行分离,实现高灵敏度、高选择性的快速检测。磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的制备及分析方法发展有望在医疗诊断和环境检测等领域发挥重要作用。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及稀土荧光探针及荧光分析技术领域,具体地说,是一种磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针的制备方法及应用。
背景技术:
2,6-吡啶二甲酸(DPA)是炭疽芽孢杆菌或炭疽病唯一的生物标志物,也是炭疽芽孢杆菌(bacillus anthracis spores)的主要成分。炭疽热是一种由炭疽杆菌引起的人畜共患的急性传染病,主要以孢子的形式存在,严重威胁到人们的生命安全。因此,发展一种2,6-吡啶二甲酸高灵敏的检测方法用于医疗诊断和生物系统状况的评价具有重要意义。目前常见的2,6-吡啶二甲酸检测方法有气相色谱/质谱法、表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)、免疫分析和聚合酶链反应(PCRs)、分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)和荧光光谱法等。传统的检测方法,如气相色谱/质谱法,通常需要复杂的样品制备,耗时长和使用仪器相对昂贵。免疫分析和聚合酶链反应(PCRs)需要长周期、复杂的操作、昂贵的试剂和专业的分析。分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)技术具有特异性识别、结合亲和力强、选择性高的优点,但印迹聚合物通常需要复杂的生产工艺,以及高温、高压、酸、碱和一些有毒有害的有机溶剂等苛刻条件。在这些新兴的分析技术中,荧光光谱法以其选择性好、灵敏度高、成本低、响应时间快等优点成为最具吸引力的分析方法之一。为了使荧光光谱技术成为一种具有吸引力和竞争力的实用检测技术,关键问题是荧光探针的开发。
稀土配位聚合物(LnCPs)的配位位点较多(最多10个),对配体的亲和力变化较大,因此比其他荧光探针更具有吸引力。LnCPs具有以下几个独特的光谱特征,如Stokes位移大(>150nm)、光谱谱带窄(半峰宽最大值<10nm)和Ln3+的f-f电子跃迁导致的长荧光寿命(ms)。因此,目前已报道了很多LnCPs荧光探针用于DPA的检测。
在此背景下,本发明是针对上述现有技术存在的问题,加以改进,提供一种利用磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针对2,6-吡啶二甲酸分析检测的技术。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,解决2,6-吡啶二甲酸检测前处理复杂、检测限高、设备昂贵的难题,本发明制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针溶液对2,6-吡啶二甲酸有高选择性和高灵敏度,通过磁分离方法可以实现富集,无需洗脱,进而实现对低浓度2,6-吡啶二甲酸的检测,与传统的单荧光信号探针相比,本发明制备的探针制备方法简单、条件温和,易于操作,对2,6-吡啶二甲酸检测,有更好的抗干扰能力和稳定性。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针的制备方法与应用,其具体制备步骤为:
将1mL鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液、1mL环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、1mL Tb(NO3)3溶液,0.5mL Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液室温下搅拌20分钟,震荡后得到磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。
所述磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)的制备方法与应用,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)称取0.5~1.0mg Fe3O4纳米颗粒,粒径分布为200~300nm分散于0.5~2mL超纯水中,超声5~10min后备用。
(2)将市售鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)、硝酸铽(Tb(NO3)3)和环丙沙星(CPFX)分别溶于或分散在超纯水中,形成5~20mmol/L、5~20mmol/L和5~20mmol/L的溶液,将0.5~2mL鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液、1~3mL 环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、0.5~2mL Tb(NO3)3溶液,0.2~1mLFe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液分散于4.5~10mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 6.0~10.0),中,室温下搅拌10~30min,得到磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。(3)量取一定量的1~900μL步骤(2)中磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)于10mL离心管中,向其中分别加入不同量DPA溶液,分别制备为0、80、120、160、180、200μmol/L浓度的100~200μL吡啶二甲酸(DPA)溶液,然后分别滴加Tris-HCl缓冲溶液至2~6mL,反应2~10min后,利用荧光光谱仪测定其在450nm和545nm处的荧光强度。
(4)当L929细胞用40~60μM吡啶二甲酸(DPA)培养30~60分钟后,再用探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4孵育30~60分钟,可以明显观察到绿色和蓝色荧光,且蓝色荧光光更为明显。
所述的四氧化三铁纳米颗粒粒径为200~300nm。
所述铽离子与配体鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)的质量比为1:0.5~1:2。
所述铽离子与环丙沙星(CPFX)的质量比为1:0.2~1:5。
所述Tris-HCl缓冲液,其pH为6.0~10.0。
所述制备的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4荧光探针在溶液中对吡啶二甲酸(DPA)荧光检测(定性和/或定量)的应用。
所制备的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4荧光探针可用于对细胞内吡啶二甲酸(DPA)的荧光成像。
稀土离子由于其特殊的核外电子结构,吸收紫外光、电子射线等辐射能后,能够产生稀土荧光。然而,稀土离子在水溶液中容易受水分子的猝灭作用,一般荧光强度很弱,需要通过结合一些合适的配体分子,提高稀土离子的荧光强度。本申请的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针是将一种具有荧光物质的化合物修饰在稀土配位聚合物上,在同一激发波长下,产生两种物质的特征荧光发射峰,当分析物与荧光探针的其中一种荧光物质相互作用使其荧光增强或减弱,另一种荧光物质信号不变,从而达到比率型荧光检测的目的。另一方面,通过对比率型稀土荧光探针的磁功能化,利用磁分离将与分析物相互作用的探针与样品基质进行分离,实现高灵敏度、高选择性的快速检测。磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的制备及分析方法发展有望在医疗诊断和环境检测等领域发挥重要作用。
本发明的优点是:
1、本发明对鸟苷-5'-单磷酸二钠(GMP)和铽离子(Tb3+)形成的网状纳米(GMP/Tb)稀土配合物进行磁功能化,同时利用环丙沙星的荧光特性进行修饰制备得到磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4稀土配合物复合材料。
2、本发明制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4溶液对吡啶二甲酸(DPA)具有选择性高灵敏的检测,相对于单荧光信号探针相比,其具有较好的抗干扰能力和稳定性,同时其还可以用于实现细胞体内吡啶二甲酸(DPA)成像应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的一种实施方式的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针的制备及应用示意图。
图2为磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)的透射电镜图。从图中可以看出该材料为Fe3O4纳米颗粒镶嵌的网状结构。
图3为磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)对的吡啶二甲酸(DPA)的荧光检测光谱图。
图4为磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)荧光强度比值与不同DPA浓度的关系曲线示意图。
图5为用400μM CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4孵育30分钟后L929细胞的荧光共聚焦成像图
图6为是L929细胞的荧光共聚焦成像图,先用50μM吡啶二甲酸(DPA)孵育,再用400μM CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4孵育30分钟。
具体实施方式:
以下提供本发明一种磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针制备及应用的具体实施方式:
实施例1:
按照图1所示流程,在鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液、环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、Tb(NO3)3溶液,Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和Tris-HCl缓冲液室温下搅拌,固液分离制备得到磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。具体步骤为:
(1)称取1.0mg Fe3O4纳米颗粒,纳米颗粒粒径为200nm,分散于1mL超纯水中,超声10min后备用。
(2)将1mL 10mM鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)、1mL 10mM环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、1mL10mM Tb(NO3)3溶液,0.5mL步骤(1)制得的Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0)室温下搅拌20分钟,固液分离(如:利用永久磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液),最后,将得到的沉淀物用超纯水洗涤多次后,分散5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0),获得所述磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。
(3)使用扫描电镜对上述所得磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)的表面形貌进行了表征,如图2所示,图2是实施例1制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)的透射电镜示意图。从图中可以看出,Fe3O4纳米颗粒镶嵌的网状结构的聚合物材料中。
应用实施例1:
将稀土荧光探针样品进行混合,利用永久磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液,最后,利用荧光光谱进行分析检测。
(1)量取500μL实施例1中磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)于10mL离心管中,分别加入不同浓度的200μL吡啶二甲酸(DPA)溶液,然后分别滴加Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(50mmol/L,pH为7.5)至6mL,反应2min后,利用荧光光谱仪测定其在450nm和545nm处的荧光强度,得到吡啶二甲酸(DPA)的荧光检测光谱图。
如图3所示,图3是CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4加入PDA后的荧光光谱示意图。从荧光光谱图中可以看出,当激发波长为290nm时,CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4的荧光光谱图出现五个特征峰:450nm,486nm,545nm,586nm和620nm,其中450nm为CPFX的特征峰,545nm为Tb3+的特征峰,这说明CPFX已经成功结合在GMP/Tb网状结构中间。当加入分析物PDA浓度逐渐增加时,450nm处的荧光强度增强,545nm处的荧光强度逐渐减弱。说明该磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针可以利用比率型荧光对DPA进行检测。
(2)将500μL实施例1中磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)分散到到pH值为7.5的2mL的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(溶剂是水)中,向其中添加不同量DPA形成DPA终浓度分别为0、80、120、160、180、200μmol/L的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4溶液,进行荧光检测,其荧光强度比值与不同DPA浓度的关系曲线如图4所示。从这图4中可以看出,由于铽离子从5D0到7F2的电子跃迁,在545nm处出现了较强的发射峰。当CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4溶液中加入DPA时,基于DPA与铽离子的配位相互作用,DPA与CPFX形成竞争性关系与Tb3+结合,因此,CPFX的荧光强度相对逐渐增强,CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4在545nm处的荧光强度逐渐减弱,且Cit在0-200μmol/L浓度范围内线性相关。线性回归方程为I545/I450=7.33254-0.633254CDPA,相关系数(R2)为0.98225。
(3)如图5所示,图5是本发明实施例制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)溶液用于对L929细胞中PDA的荧光成像图。用400μmol/L的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4对L929细胞孵育30分钟后,从图5中可以发现,在L929细胞可以观察到明显的绿色和蓝色荧光。
(4)对照组加入3mL无血清DMEM培养液(含有终浓度50μmol的PDA溶液)培养30min,除去培养液,用pH值7.5的Tris-HCl清洗三次,再加入400μL浓度为400μmol/L(以Tb离子摩尔浓度计)实施例1制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)溶液的无血清DMEM培养液(含有终浓度50μmol的PDA溶液)培养30min。除去培养液,PBS清洗三次,进行荧光成像。如图6所示,图6是本发明实施例制备的磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)溶液用于对L929细胞中PDA荧光成像图,图中,首先用浓度为50μmol/L的PDA孵育,再用浓度为400μmol/L的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4孵育30分钟。从图中可以观察到绿色荧光明显减弱,蓝色荧光增强,表明探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4可成功用于L929细胞中PDA的荧光成像。
对比应用实施例1:
高灵敏度
将500μL实施例1中磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)分散到到pH值为7.5的2mL的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(溶剂是水)中,向其中添加不同量DPA形成DPA终浓度分别为0、80、120、160、180、200μmol/L的CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4溶液,进行荧光检测,CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4溶液在545nm处的荧光强度逐渐减弱,在450nm处的荧光强度逐渐增强,且DPA线性范围为0-200μM。I545/I450=7.33254-0.633254CDPA,相关系数(R2)为0.98225,DPA的检测限为0.021μM,相对标准偏差RSD为1.98%(c=80μM,n=5)。与众多文献报道的检测方法相比,如表1所示,此方法灵敏度好,检测限低。
表1文献中吡啶二甲酸检测方法检出限等信息统计
制备实施例2:
将2mL 10mM鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)、1mL 10mM环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、1mL 10mMTb(NO3)3溶液,0.5mL 1mg/mL的粒径为200nm的Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0)室温下搅拌20分钟,固液分离(如:利用永久磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液)。最后,将得到的沉淀物用超纯水洗涤多次后,分散5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0),获得所述磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。
制备实施例3
将2mL 10mM鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)、2mL 10mM环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、1mL 10mMTb(NO3)3溶液,0.5mL 1mg/mL的粒径为200nm的Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0)室温下搅拌20分钟,固液分离(如:利用永久磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液)。最后,将得到的沉淀物用超纯水洗涤多次后,分散5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0),获得所述磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。
制备实施例4
将1mL 10mM鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)、1mL 10mM环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、1mL 10mMTb(NO3)3溶液,1.0mL 1mg/mL的粒径为400nm的Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0)室温下搅拌20分钟,固液分离(如:利用永久磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液)。最后,将得到的沉淀物用超纯水洗涤多次后,分散5mL Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH 8.0),获得所述磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针(CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4)。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应当视为本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于,其具体制备步骤为:
将0.5~2 mL 鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液、1~3 mL 环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液、0.5~2 mL Tb(NO3)3溶液、 0.2~1 mL Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液和4.5~10 mL Tris-HCl缓冲液室温下搅拌10~30分钟,固液分离得到磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4;
鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液的浓度为5~20 mM;
环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液的浓度为5~20 mM;
Tb(NO3)3溶液的浓度为5~20 mM;
Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液的浓度为每0.5~2 mL水中含有0.5~1.0 mg Fe3O4纳米颗粒;
所述的四氧化三铁纳米颗粒粒径为200~300 nm;所述的溶液体系是Tris-HCl缓冲液,其pH为6.0~10.0;
所述稀土中心铽离子与配体鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)的质量比为1:0.5~1:2;
所述稀土中心铽离子与环丙沙星(CPFX)的质量比为1:0.2~1:5。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,鸟苷5'–单磷酸二钠溶液的浓度为10~15mM;
环丙沙星(CPFX)溶液的浓度为10~15 mM;
Tb(NO3)3溶液的浓度为10~15 mM;
Fe3O4纳米颗粒水溶液的浓度为每1 mL水中含有1.0~1.5 mg Fe3O4纳米颗粒。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的溶液体系是Tris-HCl缓冲液,其pH为7.5。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述稀土中心铽离子与配体鸟苷酸单磷酸二钠(GMP)的质量比为1:1~1:1.5。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述稀土中心铽离子与环丙沙星(CPFX)的质量比为1:1~1:2。
6.一种权利要求1-5任一所述的制备方法制备获得的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针。
7.一种权利要求6所述的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4在溶液中对吡啶二甲酸(DPA)荧光检测的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的应用,其特征在于,将磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针加入到吡啶二甲酸(DPA)溶液中,利用磁铁对荧光探针进行磁吸附,去除上清液,随后,将富集DPA后的荧光探针分散在Tris-HCl缓冲液中,进行荧光光谱检测。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探针的应用,其特征在于,具体过程为:取1~900 μL磁功能化比率型稀土荧光探针CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4,向其中分别加入不同量DPA溶液,然后分别滴加Tris-HCl缓冲溶液至2~6 mL,反应2~10 min后,利用荧光光谱仪测定其在450 nm 和545 nm处的荧光强度。
10.一种权利要求6所述的磁功能化的比率型稀土荧光探CPFX/GMP/Tb@Fe3O4在对细胞内吡啶二甲酸(DPA)的荧光成像中的应用。
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