CN112797129B - Static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw pair and method - Google Patents
Static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw pair and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112797129B CN112797129B CN201911113905.9A CN201911113905A CN112797129B CN 112797129 B CN112797129 B CN 112797129B CN 201911113905 A CN201911113905 A CN 201911113905A CN 112797129 B CN112797129 B CN 112797129B
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- nut
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- circular surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
- F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0497—Screw mechanisms
Abstract
The invention relates to a static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly and a method, wherein the static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly comprises a screw rod, a nut is sleeved outside the screw rod, spiral raceways are respectively arranged on the outer circular surface of the screw rod and the inner circular surface of the nut, balls are arranged in the spiral raceways, the static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly also comprises pressure oil, a liquid inlet penetrating through the screw rod is arranged in the middle of the nut, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the spiral raceways of the nut; the inner side surface of the nut is provided with a rectangular static pressure oil cavity, the static pressure oil cavity penetrates through the inner wall of the nut, and the pressure oil can enter the static pressure oil cavity from the liquid inlet at a set pressure and flow out from the two ends of the nut so as to take away heat in the ball and the roller path. The nut is characterized in that sealing covers are fixedly arranged at two ends of the nut and are sleeved outside the lead screw, a certain gap is kept between the inner circular surface of each sealing cover and the outer circular surface of the lead screw, and an oil sealing plug is arranged on the inner circular surface of each sealing cover. The invention makes the interior of the nut filled with pressure oil and forcibly flows through all contact parts of the ball, thereby realizing forced lubrication and cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ball screw pairs, and particularly relates to a static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw pair and a method.
Background
The ball screw pair is the most widely used functional part in precision machinery, and along with the development towards high speed and heavy load, the abrasion and heat generation of the balls and the roller paths become the main reasons of the failure of the ball screw pair.
The inventor knows that the oil dropping and grease lubrication which is commonly used at present has limited amount of lubricating oil around the ball, can not fill the gap between the ball and the raceway, and a plurality of balls can not be lubricated sufficiently, so that the direct contact abrasion of metal is caused. Heat generated by abrasion and friction is limited by oil dripping and grease taking, and a cooling medium in a hollow lead screw or a nut commonly used at present cannot directly cool a friction area of a ball, so that the temperature of the contact area is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly and a method for overcoming the defects of the prior art.
A first object of the present invention is to provide a hydrostatic lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly capable of achieving direct lubrication and cooling of balls and raceways.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a static pressure lubrication cooling method for a ball screw assembly, which is based on the above static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly to cool and lubricate a raceway and balls.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly comprises a screw rod, a nut is sleeved outside the screw rod, spiral roller paths are respectively arranged on the outer circular surface of the screw rod and the inner circular surface of the nut, and balls are arranged in the spiral roller paths. The middle part of the nut is provided with a liquid inlet which penetrates through the nut, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the spiral raceway of the nut.
The inner side surface of the nut is provided with a rectangular static pressure oil cavity, the static pressure oil cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet and penetrates through the inner wall of the nut, and the pressure oil can enter the static pressure oil cavity from the liquid inlet at a set pressure and flow out from the two ends of the nut so as to take away heat in the ball and the roller path.
The mode that the inner side surface of the nut is arranged in the static pressure oil cavity is adopted, so that the pressure oil can be directly contacted with the spiral roller path and the rolling balls, the lubricating effect is achieved, and the abrasion and friction heating of the rolling balls and the roller path are reduced; meanwhile, heat exchange is realized in the process that pressure oil flows through the positions of the static pressure oil cavity, the raceway and the like, and heat generated by friction is taken away.
The nut is characterized in that sealing covers are fixedly arranged at two ends of the nut and are sleeved outside the lead screw, and a set gap is kept between the inner circular surface of each sealing cover and the outer circular surface of the lead screw, so that the oil sealing effect is achieved, and the sealing covers are not contacted with the outer circular surface of the lead screw all the time.
An oil sealing plug is arranged on the inner circular surface of the sealing cover, the oil sealing plug extends into the spiral raceway of the lead screw, an oil sealing gap is formed between the oil sealing plug and the spiral raceway of the lead screw, and a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the inner circular surface of the nut; the oil seal gap and the radial gap are used for discharging pressure oil.
By adopting the structure of the sealing cover and the oil sealing plug, certain oil sealing resistance is provided when pressure oil flows along a radial clearance between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the circular surface of the end cover; the oil sealing plug fills a part of space of the spiral roller path in the screw rod to form an oil sealing gap, and the oil sealing gap can enable pressure oil flowing out of the spiral roller path of the screw rod to be subjected to oil sealing resistance.
The oil sealing resistance can enable the static pressure oil cavity to always keep pressure, and the pressure oil cavity is completely filled with the pressure oil, so that the lubricant cooling effect of the pressure oil is improved.
Further, the oil sealing plug is of a spiral structure, and the spiral structure is the same as the central axis of the sealing end cover; the section of the oil sealing plug along the direction vertical to the spiral direction of the oil sealing plug is the same as the section of the screw roller path, and the oil sealing plug extends into the spiral roller path of the screw.
The oil sealing plug with the spiral structure can replace a ball to stretch into a spiral rolling way of the screw rod at the position of the sealing cover, so that an oil sealing gap between the oil sealing plug and the spiral rolling way can be continuously arranged, and stable oil sealing resistance is provided.
Further, the spiral roller path and a radial gap between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the inner circular surface of the nut are communicated with the static pressure oil cavity.
The mode that the radial gap is communicated with the static pressure oil cavity is adopted, so that the pressure oil can lubricate and cool the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the inner circular surface of the nut, and the flowing range of the pressure oil is enlarged.
Further, a throttle is arranged at the liquid inlet and used for dividing the oil sealing resistance to ensure the reasonable pressure of the static pressure oil cavity.
A static pressure lubrication cooling method of a ball screw pair comprises the following steps:
step 1, enabling the pressure oil to flow into a static pressure oil cavity from a liquid inlet in the middle of a nut;
and 3, the pressure oil contacts the oil sealing plug when moving to the two ends of the nut, one part of the pressure oil flows out from the gap between the plug and the raceway, and the other part of the pressure oil flows out from the radial gap along the outer circular surface of the lead screw.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention adopts the pressure oil to circulate from the static pressure oil cavity, so that the interior of the nut is filled with the pressure oil and forcibly flows through all contact parts of the ball, thereby realizing forced lubrication and cooling.
2) By adopting the mode that the static pressure oil cavity is arranged on the inner side surface of the nut, the pressure oil can be directly contacted with the spiral raceway and the rolling balls, the lubricating effect is achieved, and the abrasion and frictional heating of the rolling balls and the raceway are reduced; meanwhile, heat exchange is realized in the process that pressure oil flows through the positions of the static pressure oil cavity, the raceway and the like, and heat generated by friction is taken away.
3) By adopting the structure of the sealing cover and the oil sealing plug, certain oil sealing resistance is provided when pressure oil flows along a radial clearance between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the inner circular surface of the end cover; the oil sealing plug fills a part of space of the spiral roller path in the screw rod to form an oil sealing gap, the oil sealing gap enables pressure oil flowing out of the spiral roller path of the screw rod to be subjected to oil sealing resistance, the pressure oil cavity is completely filled with the pressure oil, and the lubricant cooling effect of the pressure oil is improved.
4) The oil sealing plug adopts a spiral structure, can replace a ball to stretch into a spiral roller path of the screw rod at the position of the sealing cover, and can enable an oil sealing gap between the oil sealing plug and the spiral roller path to be continuously arranged so as to provide stable oil sealing resistance.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at P, Q in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lead screw and a seal cover used in cooperation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a lead screw; 2. a first sealing cover; 3. a nut; 4. a restrictor; 5. a static pressure oil chamber; 6. a ball bearing; 7. a second sealing cover; 8. an oil sealing plug; 9. and (6) sealing the oil gap.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide a preferred explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, a static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly includes a screw shaft 1, a nut 3 is sleeved outside the screw shaft 1, spiral raceways are respectively provided on an outer circumferential surface of the screw shaft 1 and an inner circumferential surface of the nut 3, and balls 6 are provided in the spiral raceways. The middle part of the nut 3 is provided with a liquid inlet which penetrates through the nut, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the spiral raceway of the nut 3.
The inner side surface of the nut 3 is provided with a rectangular static pressure oil cavity 5, the static pressure oil cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet, the static pressure oil cavity 5 penetrates through the inner wall of the nut 3, and pressure oil can enter the static pressure oil cavity 3 from the liquid inlet at set pressure and flows out from the two ends of the nut to take away heat in the ball and the roller path.
The two ends of the nut 3 are fixedly provided with sealing covers which are sleeved outside the screw rod 1, and the inner circular surface of each sealing cover and the outer circular surface of the screw rod keep a set gap, so that the oil sealing function is achieved, and the sealing covers do not contact with the outer circular surface of the screw rod all the time.
An oil sealing plug 8 is arranged on the inner circular surface of the sealing cover, the oil sealing plug 8 extends into the spiral raceway of the lead screw 1, an oil sealing gap 9 is formed between the oil sealing plug 8 and the spiral raceway of the lead screw 1, and a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the lead screw 1 and the inner circular surface of the nut 3; the oil seal gap 9 and the radial gap are used for discharging pressure oil.
Specifically, the sealing covers include a first sealing cover 2 and a second sealing cover 7 disposed at both sides of the nut. The sealing cover is fixedly connected with the nut through a bolt or a screw.
The oil sealing plug 8 is of a spiral structure, and the spiral structure is the same as the central axis of the sealing end cover; the section of the oil sealing plug 8 in the direction perpendicular to the spiral direction is the same as the section of the screw roller path, and the oil sealing plug 8 extends into the spiral roller path of the screw 1.
And the spiral roller path and a radial gap between the outer circular surface of the screw rod and the inner circular surface of the nut are communicated with the static pressure oil cavity 5.
The liquid inlet is provided with a throttler 4, and the throttler 4 is used for dividing pressure with the oil sealing resistance to ensure reasonable pressure of the static pressure oil cavity.
The liquid inlet is communicated with an external liquid supply pipeline, the radial gap and the oil sealing gap 9 at the sealing cover are communicated with an external liquid return pipeline, the external liquid return pipeline is communicated with the external liquid supply pipeline, and the static pressure oil cavity 5, the external liquid supply pipeline and the external liquid return pipeline form an oil liquid loop.
Specifically, the outside liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the oil pump, the outside liquid return pipeline is communicated with the oil tank, and the oil tank is communicated with the oil pump.
A static pressure lubrication cooling method of a ball screw pair comprises the following steps:
step 1, the pressure oil flows into a static pressure oil cavity 5 from a liquid inlet in the middle of a nut 3;
and 3, when the pressure oil moves to the two ends of the nut, the pressure oil is contacted with the oil sealing plug 8, one part of the pressure oil flows out from a gap between the oil sealing plug and the raceway, and the other part of the pressure oil flows out from the radial gap along the outer circular surface of the lead screw.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the pressure oil flows to the second seal cover 7 in the axial direction and the spiral direction, the oil flowing along the raceway of the nut 3 is naturally blocked by the seal cover. The oil flowing along the spiral path of the screw 1 flows in both directions from point a to B, C. Along direction B, the width of the oil sealing plug 8 is gradually increased until the oil sealing plug is consistent with the shape of the spiral raceway, so that lubricating oil is forced to flow along a gap between the plug and the spiral raceway, and the purpose of sealing oil is achieved. Along the direction C, lubricating oil firstly flows into a radial gap between the sealing cover and the outer circular surface of the lead screw 1, and then a part of lubricating oil flows out of the nut 3 along the circular arc radial gap between the raceway and the plug; the other part flows on the excircle of the screw rod 1 along the direction D, is controlled by the radial clearance between the excircle of the screw rod 1 and the end cover, and flows out of the nut 3 from the point E.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly comprises a screw rod, a nut is sleeved outside the screw rod, spiral roller paths are respectively arranged on the outer circular surface of the screw rod and the inner circular surface of the nut, balls are arranged in the spiral roller paths, and the static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly is characterized in that,
a liquid inlet penetrating through the nut is formed in the middle of the nut and is communicated with a spiral raceway of the nut;
the inner side surface of the nut is provided with a rectangular static pressure oil cavity, the static pressure oil cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet, the static pressure oil cavity penetrates through the inner wall of the nut, and pressure oil can enter the static pressure oil cavity from the liquid inlet at a set pressure and flow out from two ends of the nut so as to take away heat in the ball and the roller path;
sealing covers are fixedly arranged at two ends of the nut and are sleeved outside the screw rod, a set gap is kept between the inner circular surface of each sealing cover and the outer circular surface of the screw rod, an oil sealing plug is arranged on the inner circular surface of each sealing cover and extends into the spiral roller path of the screw rod, an oil sealing gap is formed between each oil sealing plug and the spiral roller path of the screw rod, and a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the screw rod and the inner circular surface of the nut; the oil seal gap and the radial gap are used for discharging pressure oil;
in the sealing cover and the oil sealing plug structure, certain oil sealing resistance is provided when pressure oil flows along a radial gap between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the circular surface of the end cover;
the spiral roller path and a radial gap between the outer circular surface of the lead screw and the inner circular surface of the nut are communicated with the static pressure oil cavity; the liquid inlet is provided with a throttler, and the throttler is used for dividing the oil sealing resistance to ensure the reasonable pressure of the static pressure oil cavity.
2. The hydrostatic lubrication cooling type ball screw pair according to claim 1, wherein the oil sealing plug is of a spiral structure, and the spiral structure is the same as the central axis of the sealing end cover; the section of the oil sealing plug along the direction vertical to the spiral direction of the oil sealing plug is the same as the section of the screw rod raceway, and the oil sealing plug extends into the spiral raceway of the screw rod.
3. The hydrostatic lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly according to claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet is communicated with an external liquid supply line, the radial gap and the oil seal gap at the seal cover are communicated with an external liquid return line, the external liquid return line is communicated with the external liquid supply line, and the hydrostatic oil chamber, the external liquid supply line and the external liquid return line form an oil circuit.
4. The hydrostatic lubrication cooling type ball screw pair according to claim 3, wherein the external liquid supply line is communicated with an oil pump, the external liquid return line is communicated with an oil tank, and the oil tank is communicated with the oil pump.
5. A method of hydrostatic lubrication cooling of a ball screw assembly using the hydrostatic lubrication cooling type ball screw assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step 1, enabling the pressure oil to flow into a static pressure oil cavity from a liquid inlet in the middle of a nut;
step 2, the pressure oil flows towards two sides far away from the liquid inlet along the liquid inlet position at a set pressure in the static pressure oil cavity, and the pressure oil exchanges heat with the outer circular surface of the screw rod, the inner circular surface of the nut and the ball in the flowing process;
and 3, when the pressure oil moves to the two ends of the nut, the pressure oil is contacted with the oil sealing plug, one part of the pressure oil flows out from the gap between the plug and the raceway, and the other part of the pressure oil flows out from the radial gap along the outer circular surface of the lead screw.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911113905.9A CN112797129B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw pair and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911113905.9A CN112797129B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Static pressure lubrication cooling type ball screw pair and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112797129A CN112797129A (en) | 2021-05-14 |
| CN112797129B true CN112797129B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2013113424A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-10 | Nsk Ltd | Ball screw unit |
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| CN110345219A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 谭士龙 | A kind of ball screw |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3428481B1 (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2021-08-25 | Ratier-Figeac SAS | Ice breaking seal and method of manufacturing the same |
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2019
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Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200900607A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-01-01 | Hiwin Tech Corp | Roller screw dust keeper |
| JP2012026478A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-09 | Nsk Ltd | Ball screw device |
| JP2013113424A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-10 | Nsk Ltd | Ball screw unit |
| CN202371026U (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-08-08 | 山东赛尔机械导轨有限公司 | Sealing plate for linear guide rail pair |
| CN104395643A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-03-04 | 新田株式会社 | Ball screw, seal material, and seal structure |
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