CN112796769A - Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112796769A CN112796769A CN202011556267.0A CN202011556267A CN112796769A CN 112796769 A CN112796769 A CN 112796769A CN 202011556267 A CN202011556267 A CN 202011556267A CN 112796769 A CN112796769 A CN 112796769A
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- surrounding rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/183—Supporting means for arch members, not provided for in E21D11/22
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel, which comprises the following steps: firstly, digging initially; step two, excavating an upper step; step three, arranging a small upper-step guide pipe; step four, completing upper support; fifthly, excavating a lower step; step six, arranging a lower step small guide pipe; step seven, completing lower support; and step eight, excavating an inverted arch part. The invention combines drainage and reinforced tunnel support into a whole, has simple drainage operation, improves the construction efficiency and shortens the construction progress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a construction method of a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel.
Background
In recent years, with the deep progress of tunnel construction, tunnel construction in complex sections still becomes a normal state. However, the tunnel construction method is restricted by various factors such as planning design and use requirements, topographic conditions and geological conditions, and the like, so that higher requirements are put on the safe construction of the tunnel.
In the process of building the tunnel, construction methods such as a full-section excavation method, a step method, an intermediate partition method, a cross intermediate partition method and the like are mainly adopted at present. In the process of building tunnels in western mountainous areas, water-rich weak strata are common. At present, construction methods such as a step method and the like are commonly adopted in a water-rich weak stratum, but the combined drainage operation is complex, the construction progress is seriously slowed down, the construction efficiency is reduced, and a construction method which integrates drainage and reinforced tunnel support and is suitable for a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel, which combines drainage and tunnel support reinforcement into a whole, reduces construction cost, ensures construction safety, is simple in drainage operation, improves construction efficiency and shortens construction progress.
In order to achieve the purpose, the construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating to a water-rich weak surrounding rock section by adopting a step method;
excavating an upper step, quickly applying sprayed concrete, and performing advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of an excavation surface by using a drilling machine;
step three, arranging small upper-step guide pipes, conveying the small guide pipes into the drill holes in the step two, performing grouting operation on the small guide pipes, condensing mortar of each small guide pipe and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming first large arch feet on two sides of an excavation surface;
step four, completing upper portion supporting, and erecting a steel frame and a first lock anchor pipe by utilizing the first large arch springing formed in the step three to form a complete upper portion supporting system;
fifthly, excavating a lower step, and utilizing a drilling machine to perform advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of the lower step to perform advanced geological forecast;
step six, arranging the small conduits of the lower step, conveying the small conduits into the drill holes in the step five, performing grouting operation on the small conduits, condensing mortar of each small conduit and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming second large arch springing at two sides of the lower step;
step seven, completing lower support, and selecting and erecting a steel frame, a second foot-locking anchor pipe and a reinforcing mesh to construct by utilizing the second large arch foot formed in the step six to form a complete lower support system;
and step eight, excavating an inverted arch part, constructing an inverted arch support by using the second large arch foot formed in the step six, and backfilling the inverted arch.
Preferably, the advance drilling in the second step has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
Preferably, the advance drilling in the step five has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
Preferably, the step method in the first step is a two-step method.
Preferably, the step method in the step one is a three-step seven-step excavation method.
Preferably, the diameter of the bore is greater than the diameter of the small conduit.
Preferably, the diameter of the bore hole is different from the diameter of the small guide tube by 0-50 mm.
Preferably, the first large arch springing and the second large arch springing both comprise a supporting component and a base plate, one end of the supporting component is connected with the base plate, and the other end of the supporting component is connected with the side wall of the tunnel.
Further, the support component is I-shaped steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention combines drainage and reinforced tunnel support into a whole;
2. the invention can reduce the construction cost and ensure the construction safety;
3. the invention has simple drainage operation, improves the construction efficiency and shortens the construction progress.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a tunnel face according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a position of advance drilling in an embodiment;
icon: 1-designing a rail surface, 2-drilling, 3-a first large arch springing, 4-a second large arch springing, 5-a first lock pin anchor pipe, 6-a second lock pin anchor pipe, 7-an inverted arch, 8-a support component and 9-a backing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Examples
A construction method of a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel comprises the following steps:
firstly, digging initially, constructing according to a design drawing, and excavating to a water-rich weak surrounding rock section by adopting a step method;
excavating an upper step, quickly applying sprayed concrete, and performing advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of an excavation surface by using a drilling machine;
step three, arranging small upper-step guide pipes, conveying the small guide pipes into the drill holes in the step two, performing grouting operation on the small guide pipes, condensing mortar of each small guide pipe and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming first large arch feet on two sides of an excavation surface;
step four, completing upper portion supporting, and erecting a steel frame and a first lock anchor pipe by utilizing the first large arch springing formed in the step three to form a complete upper portion supporting system;
fifthly, excavating a lower step, and utilizing a drilling machine to perform advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of the lower step to perform advanced geological forecast;
step six, arranging the small conduits of the lower step, conveying the small conduits into the drill holes in the step five, performing grouting operation on the small conduits, condensing mortar of each small conduit and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming second large arch springing at two sides of the lower step;
step seven, completing lower support, and selecting and erecting a steel frame, a second foot-locking anchor pipe and a reinforcing mesh to construct by utilizing the second large arch foot formed in the step six to form a complete lower support system;
and step eight, excavating an inverted arch part, constructing an inverted arch support by using the second large arch foot formed in the step six, and backfilling the inverted arch.
The advance drilling in the step two has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
The advance drilling in the step five has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
The drilling direction is parallel to the tunnel excavation direction.
The diameter of the bore is larger than the diameter of the small conduit.
The diameter of the drill hole is different from the diameter of the small guide pipe by 0-50 mm.
The first large arch springing and the second large arch springing both comprise supporting components and base plates, one ends of the supporting components are connected with the base plates, and the other ends of the supporting components are connected with the side wall of the tunnel.
The support component is I-steel, and the backing plate is made of metal material, usually steel material.
Example one
The step method in the step one is a two-step method.
Example two
The step method in the step one is a three-step seven-step excavation method.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, excavating to a water-rich weak surrounding rock section by adopting a step method;
excavating an upper step, quickly applying sprayed concrete, and performing advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of an excavation surface by using a drilling machine;
step three, arranging small upper-step guide pipes, conveying the small guide pipes into the drill holes in the step two, performing grouting operation on the small guide pipes, condensing mortar of each small guide pipe and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming first large arch feet on two sides of an excavation surface;
step four, completing upper portion supporting, and erecting a steel frame and a first lock anchor pipe by utilizing the first large arch springing formed in the step three to form a complete upper portion supporting system;
fifthly, excavating a lower step, and utilizing a drilling machine to perform advanced drilling at arch springing positions designed on two sides of the lower step to perform advanced geological forecast;
step six, arranging the small conduits of the lower step, conveying the small conduits into the drill holes in the step five, performing grouting operation on the small conduits, condensing mortar of each small conduit and surrounding rock to form a stable structure, and forming second large arch springing at two sides of the lower step;
step seven, completing lower support, and selecting and erecting a steel frame, a second foot-locking anchor pipe and a reinforcing mesh to construct by utilizing the second large arch foot formed in the step six to form a complete lower support system;
and step eight, excavating an inverted arch part, constructing an inverted arch support by using the second large arch foot formed in the step six, and backfilling the inverted arch.
2. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the advance drilling in the second step has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
3. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the advance drilling in the step five has the following three conditions:
A. if both ends of the advanced borehole meet underground water in the drilling process, firstly performing drainage operation through the borehole, draining the front underground water, and then excavating;
B. if the two ends of the advanced borehole drilling process do not meet underground water, normal excavation operation is carried out;
C. if one side meets underground water in the process of drilling the advanced borehole, the side firstly carries out drainage operation through the borehole, drains the underground water in the front, then carries out excavation, and carries out excavation operation on the other side.
4. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step method in the step one is a two-step method.
5. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step method in the step one is a three-step seven-step excavation method.
6. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the drilling direction is parallel to the tunnel excavation direction.
7. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the bore is greater than the diameter of the small conduit.
8. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: the difference between the diameter of the drill hole and the diameter of the small guide pipe is 0-50 mm.
9. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first large arch springing and the second large arch springing both comprise supporting components and base plates, one ends of the supporting components are connected with the base plates, and the other ends of the supporting components are connected with the side wall of the tunnel.
10. The construction method of the water-rich weak surrounding rock formation tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: the supporting component is I-shaped steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011556267.0A CN112796769B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011556267.0A CN112796769B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel |
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| CN112796769A true CN112796769A (en) | 2021-05-14 |
| CN112796769B CN112796769B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101761346A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-30 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method for constructing metamorphic rock confined water tunnel |
| CN103334770A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Construction method of superhigh water pressure water-affluent crushed zones of long-large counter-slope tunnels |
| CN108278115A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-07-13 | 中南大学 | A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing and structure based on pre-timbering with tubular prop |
| CN108798702A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-13 | 长安大学 | A kind of method for protecting support of big cross section large-deformation tunnel in soft rock |
| CN110630285A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 甘肃恒路交通勘察设计院有限公司 | Anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for large-section soft rock tunnel |
| CN111206933A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel construction method for traversing karst water-rich section |
| CN111734450A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 高军 | Safe and rapid tunneling and supporting method for water-rich fault zone tunnel |
| CN111764932A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 高军 | Low-risk construction method for muddy water-rich broken shallow tunnel |
-
2020
- 2020-12-24 CN CN202011556267.0A patent/CN112796769B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101761346A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-30 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method for constructing metamorphic rock confined water tunnel |
| CN103334770A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Construction method of superhigh water pressure water-affluent crushed zones of long-large counter-slope tunnels |
| CN108278115A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-07-13 | 中南大学 | A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing and structure based on pre-timbering with tubular prop |
| CN108798702A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-13 | 长安大学 | A kind of method for protecting support of big cross section large-deformation tunnel in soft rock |
| CN110630285A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 甘肃恒路交通勘察设计院有限公司 | Anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for large-section soft rock tunnel |
| CN111206933A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel construction method for traversing karst water-rich section |
| CN111734450A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 高军 | Safe and rapid tunneling and supporting method for water-rich fault zone tunnel |
| CN111764932A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 高军 | Low-risk construction method for muddy water-rich broken shallow tunnel |
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