CN110630285A - Anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for large-section soft rock tunnel - Google Patents
Anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for large-section soft rock tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110630285A CN110630285A CN201910950411.XA CN201910950411A CN110630285A CN 110630285 A CN110630285 A CN 110630285A CN 201910950411 A CN201910950411 A CN 201910950411A CN 110630285 A CN110630285 A CN 110630285A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides an anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for a large-section soft rock tunnel, which comprises a pre-tensioned anchor cable, an anchorage device, a U-shaped connecting component, an advanced grouting small guide pipe and a foot-locking anchor pipe; the resin anchoring agent is selected, so that the anchoring is faster, the anchoring force is stronger, and compared with the traditional grouting anchor pipe, the process is simplified, and the time is saved; the form of an anchor rope suspension steel frame is selected, so that large settlement deformation of the upper step steel frame in the initial stage of support is avoided, the steel frame is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, the primary support and the steel frame are ensured to deform together, and after prestress is applied to the pre-tensioned anchor rope, the anchor rope-steel frame provides prestress for the surrounding rock, so that loose surrounding rock forms a bearing ring; according to the invention, the anchor rod of the tunnel system is omitted in the supporting mode, the large deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled, the reserved deformation is reduced, the excavation amount, the slag output and the steel and concrete use amount are greatly reduced, and the construction cost is greatly saved; the anchor cable of the invention provides radial force to the steel frame, thereby avoiding the deformation of the steel frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to an anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for a large-section soft rock tunnel, which is mainly suitable for tunnel construction engineering application.
Background
The landform of the Chinese and western regions is mainly mountainous regions and hills, the terrain and geological conditions are complex and changeable, a large amount of tunnel engineering is inevitably encountered in the traffic development process, and the soft rock stratum is inevitably crossed. How to build a tunnel in the soft rock stratum is a difficult problem faced by the current tunnel engineering industry. The difficulty of constructing the tunnel in the weak stratum mainly lies in the support in the excavation process. In order to inhibit excessive relaxation and deformation of surrounding rock after excavation, the primary support is required to have certain early rigidity.
At present, for the control of large deformation of a soft rock tunnel, the traditional method is to enhance the strength and rigidity of a primary supporting structure, and the main supporting means are as follows: two-layer and three-layer primary supports reinforce secondary lining, expand and dig into a round section with better stress performance, stress release technology, yielding anchor bolt support and the like; the large deformation supporting scheme is comprehensively analyzed, and the main problem of large deformation is that no effective supporting means is available for inhibiting the deformation of surrounding rocks after excavation, so that the loosening ring is enlarged, the steel frame is deformed, and then large deformation disasters are induced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an anchor cable-steel frame support and a construction method for a large-section soft rock tunnel, and aims to solve the problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the anchor rope-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel comprises a pre-tensioned anchor rope, anchor devices, U-shaped connecting components, leading grouting small guide pipes and foot locking anchor pipes, wherein the anchor devices are arranged on the lower portion of the pre-tensioned anchor rope, the pre-tensioned anchor rope is connected with the U-shaped connecting components through anchor tools, the U-shaped connecting components are arranged on a steel frame, the leading grouting small guide pipes are arranged on the upper portion of the steel frame, and the foot locking anchor pipes are arranged on the lower portion of the steel frame.
The pre-tensioned anchor cable is an HZS-300-6.3 type constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cable with the diameter of 21.8mm, drill holes are formed in two sides of the steel frame, the depth of each drill hole is 5000mm, the pre-tensioned anchor cable is jacked into the drill holes, and an anchoring agent is stuffed into the drill holes.
The space between the advanced grouting small guide pipe and the locking anchor pipe is 42 mm.
The anchoring agent is resin anchoring agent.
The anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) construction of an upper step: excavating an upper step, and immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after erecting the steel frame, drilling holes are drilled at two sides of a steel frame of the tunnel vault, the left arch waist of the upper step and the right arch waist of the upper step, the drilling holes point to the direction of the circle center of the arch part of the upper step, resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cables are jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred by the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cables on the U-shaped connecting component by using an anchorage device, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe and a small advanced grouting guide pipe; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form an upper step primary support;
2) middle step construction: excavating a middle step, immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after erecting the steel frame, drilling holes are drilled at two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a step and a right arch waist of a middle step in the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the circle center direction of the arch part of the middle step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cables are jacked into the drilling holes by using a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred by rotating the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cables on the U-shaped connecting members by using an anchorage device, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe and a small advanced grouting guide pipe; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a middle step primary support;
3) constructing the following steps: excavating a lower step, excavating a feed ruler, and immediately spraying concrete, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after erecting the steel frame, drilling holes are drilled at two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a lower step and a right arch waist of the lower step of the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the circle center direction of the arch part of the lower step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cables are jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred by the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cables on the U-shaped connecting members by using an anchorage device, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe and a small advanced grouting guide pipe; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a lower step primary support;
4) the inverted arch construction is carried out according to normal procedures, namely after the tunnel inverted arch is excavated, tunnel bottom virtual slag is cleaned, then steel frames are erected, reinforcing mesh is hung, connecting reinforcing steel bars are welded, and then inverted arch concrete injection construction is carried out; after the primary support of the inverted arch is finished, performing inverted arch lining, backfilling and waterproof and drainage construction; the inverted arch generally adopts steel supports, steel bar meshes, connecting steel bars and the like, P8C30 impervious reinforced concrete is used for lining the inverted arch, and C15 stone concrete is used for backfilling;
the anchor cable-steel frame support construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel has the technical key points that:
in the first to fourth steps, excavation is carried out by adopting a mode of combining weak blasting and mechanical excavation;
in the first step, a system anchor rod is cancelled, a steel frame is tensioned by a pre-tensioned anchor rope, so that the steel frame is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, and a bearing structure with the primary support and the surrounding rock deforming together is formed; pre-tensioned anchor cables are applied immediately after the steel frame is erected, and when pre-stress is applied, the pre-stress of the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame at the same position is applied at the same time; the pre-tensioned anchor cable is connected with the steel frame by adopting the U-shaped connecting component, so that compared with the traditional welding mode, the pre-tensioned anchor cable is firmer and more reliable, and can avoid the separation caused by stress in the stress process; the sprayed concrete application is divided into primary spraying and secondary spraying, and the primary spraying is beneficial to tightly and compactly adhering the steel frame and the surrounding rock, so that the loose circle of the surrounding rock is prevented from being enlarged.
The resin anchoring agent is selected, so that the anchoring is faster and the anchoring force is stronger; compared with the traditional grouting anchor pipe, the method simplifies the working procedures and saves time; the invention selects the form of the anchor cable suspension steel frame, avoids the large settlement deformation of the steel frame of the upper step at the initial stage of the support, and causes the steel frame to be clung to the surrounding rock, ensures the common deformation of the initial support and the steel frame, and after applying the prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable, the anchor cable-steel frame provides the prestress to the surrounding rock, and causes the loose surrounding rock to form a bearing ring; by adopting the supporting mode of the invention, the anchor rod of the tunnel system is cancelled, so that the construction cost can be saved and the construction speed can be accelerated; the invention controls the large deformation of the surrounding rock, reduces the reserved deformation, greatly reduces the excavation amount, the slag output amount and the consumption of steel and concrete, and greatly saves the construction cost; the anchor cable provides radial force for the steel frame, so that the steel frame is prevented from deforming under the condition of high initial surrounding rock pressure, and the bearing capacity of the initial supporting structure is influenced; the supporting mode of the invention is permanent supporting, compared with the temporary supporting mode in the traditional supporting mode, the later period does not need to be dismantled, and the safety of the tunnel can be further ensured; the invention adopts the control method of the upper step steel frame, effectively controls the large deformation of the tunnel, saves time and cost and ensures the safety of the tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall three-dimensional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of a U-shaped connecting member of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a view of the anchor cable of the present invention;
in the figure: the anchor cable pre-tensioning device comprises a pre-tensioned anchor cable 1, an anchorage device 2, a U-shaped connecting member 3, an advanced grouting small guide pipe 4 and a foot locking anchor pipe 5.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in the embodiment of the present invention, an anchor rope-steel frame support for a large-section soft rock tunnel includes a pre-tensioned anchor rope 1, an anchor 2, a U-shaped connecting member 3, a small advanced grouting conduit 4, and a foot-locking anchor pipe 5, where the anchor 2 is disposed at a lower portion of the pre-tensioned anchor rope 1, the pre-tensioned anchor rope 1 is connected to the U-shaped connecting member 3 through the anchor 2, the U-shaped connecting member 3 is disposed on a steel frame, the small advanced grouting conduit 4 is disposed at an upper portion of the steel frame, and the foot-locking anchor pipe 5 is disposed at a lower portion of the steel frame.
The pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 is an HZS-300-6.3 type constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cable with the diameter of 21.8mm, drill holes are formed in two sides of the steel frame, the depth of each drill hole is 5000mm, the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 is jacked into the drill holes, and an anchoring agent is filled in the drill holes.
The small advanced grouting guide pipe 4 and the locking anchor pipe 5 are 42mm in length.
The anchoring agent is resin anchoring agent.
The construction method of the anchor cable-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel is described with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4:
step one, construction of upper steps: excavating an upper step, immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to enable the steel frame to be closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after erecting the steel frame, drilling holes are drilled at two sides of the steel frame of the tunnel vault, the left arch waist of the upper step and the right arch waist of the upper step, the drilling holes point to the direction of the circle center of the arch part of the upper step, resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred by the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on the U-shaped connecting member 3 by using an anchorage device 2, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe 5 and a small advanced grouting guide pipe 4; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form an upper step primary support;
step two, middle step construction: excavating a middle step, immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to enable the steel frame to be closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after the steel frame is erected, drilling holes are drilled on two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a step and a right arch waist of a middle step in the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the direction of the circle center of the arch part of the middle step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred through the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on the U-shaped connecting member 3 by using an anchorage device 2, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe 5 and a small advanced grouting guide pipe 4; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a middle-step primary support;
step three, constructing a next step: excavating a lower step, excavating a footage, immediately spraying concrete, and spraying the concrete to meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to enable the steel frame to be closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after the steel frame is erected, drilling holes are drilled on two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a lower step and a right arch waist of the lower step of the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the circle center direction of the arch part of the lower step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred through the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on the U-shaped connecting member 3 by using an anchorage device 2, and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable 1 on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe 5 and a small advanced grouting guide pipe 4; finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a lower step primary support;
step four, constructing the inverted arch according to normal procedures, namely cleaning the tunnel bottom virtual slag after the tunnel inverted arch is excavated, erecting a steel frame, hanging a reinforcing mesh, welding connecting reinforcing steel bars, and then performing inverted arch concrete injection construction; after the primary support of the inverted arch is finished, performing inverted arch lining, backfilling and waterproof and drainage construction; the inverted arch generally adopts steel supports, steel bar meshes, connecting steel bars and the like, P8C30 impervious reinforced concrete is used for lining the inverted arch, and C15 stone concrete is used for backfilling;
the anchor cable-steel frame support construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel has the technical key points that:
in the first to fourth steps, excavation is carried out by adopting a mode of combining weak blasting and mechanical excavation;
in the first step, a system anchor rod is cancelled, a steel frame is tensioned by a pre-tensioned anchor rope, so that the steel frame is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, and a bearing structure with the primary support and the surrounding rock deforming together is formed; pre-tensioned anchor cables are applied immediately after the steel frame is erected, and when pre-stress is applied, the pre-stress of the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame at the same position is applied at the same time; the pre-tensioned anchor cable is connected with the steel frame by the U-shaped connecting component 3, so that compared with the traditional welding mode, the pre-tensioned anchor cable is firmer and more reliable, and can avoid the separation caused by stress in the stress process; the sprayed concrete application is divided into primary spraying and secondary spraying, and the primary spraying is beneficial to tightly and compactly adhering the steel frame and the surrounding rock, so that the loose circle of the surrounding rock is prevented from being enlarged.
The resin anchoring agent is selected, so that the anchoring is faster and the anchoring force is stronger; compared with the traditional grouting anchor pipe, the method simplifies the working procedures and saves time; the invention selects the form of the anchor cable suspension steel frame, avoids the large settlement deformation of the steel frame of the upper step at the initial stage of the support, and causes the steel frame to be clung to the surrounding rock, ensures the common deformation of the initial support and the steel frame, and after applying the prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable, the anchor cable-steel frame provides the prestress to the surrounding rock, and causes the loose surrounding rock to form a bearing ring; by adopting the supporting mode of the invention, the anchor rod of the tunnel system is cancelled, so that the construction cost can be saved and the construction speed can be accelerated; the invention controls the large deformation of the surrounding rock, reduces the reserved deformation, greatly reduces the excavation amount, the slag output amount and the consumption of steel and concrete, and greatly saves the construction cost; the anchor cable provides radial force for the steel frame, so that the steel frame is prevented from deforming under the condition of high initial surrounding rock pressure, and the bearing capacity of the initial supporting structure is influenced; the supporting mode of the invention is permanent supporting, compared with the temporary supporting mode in the traditional supporting mode, the later period does not need to be dismantled, and the safety of the tunnel can be further ensured; the invention adopts the control method of the upper step steel frame, effectively controls the large deformation of the tunnel, saves time and cost and ensures the safety of the tunnel.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the set spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The anchor rope-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel comprises a pre-tensioned anchor rope (1), an anchor (2), a U-shaped connecting component (3), a small advanced grouting guide pipe (4) and a foot locking anchor pipe (5), and is characterized in that the anchor (2) is arranged on the lower portion of the pre-tensioned anchor rope (1), the pre-tensioned anchor rope (1) is connected with the U-shaped connecting component (3) through the anchor (2), the U-shaped connecting component (3) is arranged on a steel frame, the small advanced grouting guide pipes (4) are arranged on the upper portion of the steel frame, and the foot locking anchor pipe (5) is arranged on the lower portion of the steel frame.
2. The anchor rope-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-tensioned anchor rope (1) is a HZS-300-6.3 type constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rope with a diameter of 21.8mm, drill holes are formed in two sides of the steel frame, the depth of each drill hole is 5000mm, the pre-tensioned anchor rope (1) is jacked into the drill holes, and an anchoring agent is filled in the drill holes.
3. The anchor rope-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the small advanced grouting pipe (4) and the foot-locking anchor pipe (5) are 42mm in length.
4. The anchor rope-steel frame support for the large-section soft rock tunnel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the anchoring agent is resin.
5. The anchor rope-steel frame support and construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) construction of an upper step: excavating an upper step, and immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after the steel frame is erected, drilling holes are drilled at two sides of a steel frame of the tunnel vault, the left arch waist of the upper step and the right arch waist of the upper step, the drilling holes point to the direction of the circle center of the arch part of the upper step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred through the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on the U-shaped connecting member (3) by using an anchorage device (2), and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe (5) and a small advanced grouting guide pipe (4); finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form an upper step primary support;
2) middle step construction: excavating a middle step, and immediately spraying concrete after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after the steel frame is erected, drilling holes are drilled on two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a step and a right arch waist of a middle step in the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the direction of the circle center of the arch part of the middle step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, a pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred through the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on the U-shaped connecting member (3) by using an anchorage device (2), and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe (5) and a small advanced grouting guide pipe (4); finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a middle step primary support;
3) constructing the following steps: excavating a lower step, excavating a footage, and immediately spraying concrete for the first time after excavating a footage, wherein the sprayed concrete should meet the requirements of thickness and flatness; after the primary spraying is finished, erecting a steel frame to make the steel frame closely attached to the primary sprayed concrete; after the steel frame is erected, drilling holes are drilled on two sides of a steel frame of a left arch waist of a lower step and a right arch waist of the lower step of the tunnel, the drilling holes point to the circle center direction of the arch part of the lower step, a resin anchoring agent is filled in the drilling holes, a pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) is jacked into the drilling holes by a drilling machine, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred through the rotation of the drilling machine; after about seven minutes, fixing the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on the U-shaped connecting member (3) by using an anchorage device (2), and applying prestress to the pre-tensioned anchor cable (1) on two sides of the steel frame by using a drawing instrument; constructing a locking anchor pipe (5) and a small advanced grouting guide pipe (4); finally, hanging a reinforcing mesh, and spraying concrete again to the designed thickness to form a lower step primary support;
4) the inverted arch construction is carried out according to normal procedures, namely after the tunnel inverted arch is excavated, tunnel bottom virtual slag is cleaned, then steel frames are erected, reinforcing mesh is hung, connecting reinforcing steel bars are welded, and then inverted arch concrete injection construction is carried out; after the primary support of the inverted arch is finished, performing inverted arch lining, backfilling and waterproof and drainage construction; the inverted arch generally adopts steel supports, steel bar meshes, connecting steel bars and the like, P8C30 impervious reinforced concrete is used for lining the inverted arch, and C15 stone concrete is used for backfilling.
6. The anchor cable-steel frame support and construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step 1-4), excavation is performed by combining weak blasting and mechanical excavation.
7. The anchor rope-steel frame support and construction method for the large-section soft rock tunnel according to claim 5, wherein in the step 1-3), a system anchor rod is cancelled, a steel frame is tensioned by pre-tensioning the anchor rope, so that the steel frame is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, and a bearing structure with the primary support and the surrounding rock deforming together is formed; pre-tensioned anchor cables are applied immediately after the steel frame is erected, and when pre-stress is applied, the pre-stress of the pre-tensioned anchor cables on two sides of the steel frame at the same position is applied at the same time; the pre-tensioned anchor cable is connected with a steel frame by adopting a U-shaped connecting component (3), so that compared with the traditional welding mode, the pre-tensioned anchor cable is firmer and more reliable, and can avoid the separation caused by stress in the stress process; the sprayed concrete application is divided into primary spraying and secondary spraying, and the primary spraying is beneficial to tightly and compactly adhering the steel frame and the surrounding rock, so that the loose circle of the surrounding rock is prevented from being enlarged.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111206945A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-05-29 | 莱西市鑫喆工程技术服务中心 | Coal mine safety supporting method |
| CN111502707A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Tunnel extremely soft rock stratum contraction arch frame primary support method |
| CN111577340A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Construction method of primary support system |
| CN111577355A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Extra-soft rock stratum tunnel interval secondary arch frame long anchor cable locking foot composite construction method |
| CN112727473A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-04-30 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Pre-anchoring rapid tunneling construction method for high-ground-stress large-deformation tunnel |
| CN112796769A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-14 | 中铁十八局集团第五工程有限公司 | Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel |
| CN113062760A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-02 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Tunnel supporting method based on yielding anchor cable |
| CN113107557A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Method for deep reinforcement of surrounding rock outside tunnel |
| CN113107525A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Support system for extruded large-deformation tunnel, construction method and application |
| CN113605951A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Shallow tunnel supporting structure and construction method thereof |
| CN114109437A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Rolling hinged joint anchor beam supporting method suitable for soft rock large-deformation tunnel |
| CN114483085A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Construction method of double-partition double-control system of soft rock tunnel |
| CN116357347A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-30 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | Control method for large deformation surrounding rock of tunnel high-ground-stress soft rock |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111206945A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-05-29 | 莱西市鑫喆工程技术服务中心 | Coal mine safety supporting method |
| CN111206945B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-12-08 | 乡宁县隆宏刚矿用产品有限公司 | Coal mine safety support method |
| CN111502707A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Tunnel extremely soft rock stratum contraction arch frame primary support method |
| CN111577340A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Construction method of primary support system |
| CN111577355A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Extra-soft rock stratum tunnel interval secondary arch frame long anchor cable locking foot composite construction method |
| CN111577355B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2023-08-08 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Composite construction method for long anchor cable locking feet of secondary arch frame of extra-soft stratum tunnel interval |
| CN112796769A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-14 | 中铁十八局集团第五工程有限公司 | Construction method of water-rich weak surrounding rock stratum tunnel |
| CN112727473A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-04-30 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Pre-anchoring rapid tunneling construction method for high-ground-stress large-deformation tunnel |
| CN113107525A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Support system for extruded large-deformation tunnel, construction method and application |
| CN113107557A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Method for deep reinforcement of surrounding rock outside tunnel |
| CN113062760A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-02 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Tunnel supporting method based on yielding anchor cable |
| CN113605951A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Shallow tunnel supporting structure and construction method thereof |
| CN113605951B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-09-08 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Shallow tunnel supporting structure and construction method thereof |
| CN114109437A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Rolling hinged joint anchor beam supporting method suitable for soft rock large-deformation tunnel |
| CN114483085A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Construction method of double-partition double-control system of soft rock tunnel |
| CN114483085B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Construction method of double-partition double-control system of soft rock tunnel |
| CN116357347A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-30 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | Control method for large deformation surrounding rock of tunnel high-ground-stress soft rock |
| CN116357347B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2024-02-02 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | Control method for large deformation surrounding rock of tunnel high-ground-stress soft rock |
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