CN112792385B - Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine, which comprises: a workbench is arranged on the lathe bed; the portal frame comprises upright posts respectively arranged at two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which spans over the lathe bed and is connected with the two upright posts, and a hard rail extending along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam; the first sliding table is arranged at the front end of the cross beam, the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are clasped on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail of the cross beam; the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table; the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, and one end of the main shaft, which is close to the lathe bed, is provided with a milling head; and when the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move. The milling machine has good integral rigidity, and obviously improves the processing precision and the processing efficiency.

Description

Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control milling machines, in particular to a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine.

Background

Milling machines mainly refer to machine tools for machining various surfaces of a workpiece by using milling cutters. Typically, the milling cutter is moved mainly in a rotary motion, and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter is a feed motion. It can be used for machining plane and groove, and also can be used for machining various curved surfaces and gears, etc.

The planer type milling machine is a milling machine with a portal frame and a horizontal long lathe bed. The planer type milling machine can simultaneously process the surface by using a plurality of milling cutters, has higher processing precision and production efficiency, and is suitable for processing the plane and the inclined plane of a large-scale workpiece in batch and mass production.

The conventional planer type milling machine can generally realize milling of a plurality of surfaces, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN103203626B discloses a planer type movable multifunctional numerical control drilling and milling machine. However, the milling action of the existing milling machine is realized by the fact that the main shaft stretches out or retreats in both the feeding and retreating processes of the main shaft, so that when the milling action is executed, the gravity of the milling head can disturb the milling process due to the rigidity problem of the main shaft assembly, and meanwhile, when the milling force is increased, the main shaft is easy to destabilize, so that the feeding depth of the existing milling machine is generally smaller, and the processing is time-consuming.

In addition, the machining of the existing numerical control precise double-end milling machine at home is developed towards double-end fine flight, but the final product has several defects, the first is that the machining stroke is 25-350 mm, the maximum machining stroke is 90-1400 mm, the size of the workpiece is limited greatly, the second is that the machining height is 300 at maximum, and the third is that the machine is required to be continuously switched under the limitation of the size of the workpiece, so that the machining is time-consuming.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine which is long in machining stroke, good in overall rigidity and obviously improved in machining precision and machining efficiency.

Based on the above object, the present invention provides a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine, comprising:

a workbench is arranged on the lathe bed;

The portal frame comprises upright posts respectively arranged at two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which spans over the lathe bed and is fixedly connected with the two upright posts, and a hard rail extending along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam;

The first sliding table is arranged at the front end of the cross beam, the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are clasped on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail;

the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table;

the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, one end of the main shaft, which is close to the lathe bed, is provided with a milling head, and the axial direction of the main shaft is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table;

And when the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move.

Preferably, the milling machine comprises two first sliding tables and two second sliding tables, wherein the two first sliding tables are oppositely arranged at the front end of the cross beam, and the two second sliding tables are respectively arranged on the corresponding first sliding tables.

Preferably, the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables is not smaller than the length of the cross beam, and at least one first sliding table can span the upper part of the workbench, so that the top and one side part of the workpiece can be milled respectively by replacing the milling head or adjusting the milling direction of the milling head, and the milling operation of the workpiece in a three-dimensional space is realized.

Preferably, a first mounting hole is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table, and the main shaft is fixed in the first mounting hole; therefore, on one hand, the integrity between the main shaft and the second sliding table is improved, and when the main shaft drives the milling head to perform milling operation, vibration generated by the rotation of the main shaft and vibration generated by the milling of the milling head can be absorbed by the second sliding table, so that the milling precision is further ensured.

In addition, a second mounting hole communicated with the first mounting hole is defined on the front end face of the second sliding table, and the driving motor of the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the second sliding table and is connected with the main shaft through the second mounting hole.

Preferably, the upper part of the hard rail is defined with a first protruding part protruding upwards, and the lower part of the hard rail is defined with a second protruding part protruding downwards; the first protruding part is limited with a front end face, a top face and a rear end face, and the second protruding part is limited with a front end face, a bottom face and a rear end face;

The upper portion of first slip table rear end stretches out backward and buckles downwards and form first arm that embraces, and this first arm that embraces is laminated with preceding terminal surface, top face and the rear end face of first protruding portion, and the lower part of first slip table rear end upwards buckles after stretching out backward and forms the second arm that embraces, and this second arm that embraces is laminated with preceding terminal surface, bottom face and the rear end face of second protruding portion, like this, when first slip table slides along hard rail side-to-side, can not produce the relative displacement on the perpendicular to slip direction between the two.

Preferably, the top of the first protruding portion defines a slope, and the slope is high at the front side and low at the rear side, and is fit with the lower part of the backward extending portion of the first embracing arm, so as to provide a supporting force in a diagonal direction to counteract the pulling force of the first sliding table on the hard rail.

Preferably, the front end surface of the second protruding portion is flush with the front end surface of the hard rail, so that the pressing force of the first sliding table to the lower portion of the hard rail is offset by increasing the attaching area of the lower portion of the front end surface of the hard rail to the first sliding table.

Preferably, the first embracing arm comprises a first arm body and a first baffle, wherein the first arm body extends backwards from the upper part of the rear end of the first sliding table, the lower part of the first arm body is attached to the inclined surface, the first baffle is detachably fixed at one end, far away from the first sliding table, of the first arm body, extends downwards perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle is attached to the rear side of the first protruding part;

The second arm that embraces includes second arm body and second baffle, wherein, first arm body stretches out backward from the lower part of first slip table rear end, and second baffle detachably is fixed in second arm body and keeps away from first slip table one end to perpendicular to second arm that embraces upwards extends.

Preferably, the front end surface of the hard rail is limited with a first avoidance groove in the middle part and/or the middle part of the rear end surface of the first sliding table, a first driving mechanism which is connected with the first sliding table and is used for driving the first sliding table to slide is arranged in the first avoidance groove, the first avoidance groove is arranged in the middle part of the hard rail and/or the first sliding table, and the purpose is to shorten the distance between the joint surface between the hard rail and the first sliding table and the first driving mechanism, so that the disturbance degree of vibration generated in the working process of the first driving mechanism to the joint surface is reduced.

Preferably, a third embracing arm which extends forwards and bends towards the right side is limited at the left side of the front end of the first sliding table; the right side of the front end of the first sliding table is limited with a fourth embracing arm which extends forwards and bends leftwards, and the front end surfaces of the third embracing arm, the fourth embracing arm and the first sliding table are combined to form a limiting space which accommodates the second sliding table and embraces two sides of the second sliding table; when the second sliding table slides up and down relative to the first sliding table, a part of the second sliding table is always limited in the limiting space, so that relative displacement perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table is avoided.

Preferably, the edges of two sides of the second sliding table are respectively limited with a third protruding part and a fourth protruding part, the third protruding part is limited with a front end face, a left side face and a rear end face, the fourth protruding part is limited with a front end face, a side face and a rear end face, and the third protruding part and the fourth protruding part form a step-shaped structure with the rear end face of the second sliding table;

The inner side of the third cohesion arm is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding part; the inner side of the fourth embracing arm is respectively attached to the front end face, the left side face and the rear end face of the side face with the fourth protruding part of the second sliding table; thus, at least four joint surfaces are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the second sliding table and the first sliding table; when milling operation is performed, the second sliding table cannot horizontally displace due to the reaction force applied to the milling head.

Preferably, the third arm comprises a third arm body and a third baffle, wherein the third arm body extends forwards from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table, the inner side of the third arm body is attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table, the rear end surface of the third protruding part and the left side surface, the third baffle is detachably fixed at one end, far away from the first sliding table, of the third arm body, the third baffle extends rightwards perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle is attached to the front side surface of the third protruding part;

The fourth arm that embraces includes fourth arm body and fourth baffle, wherein, the right side of fourth arm body front end is stretched out forward, and the inboard of fourth arm body has side, the rear end face of fourth protruding portion and has the side laminating with the second slip table, and fourth baffle detachably is fixed in the fourth arm body and keeps away from first slip table one end, and the fourth baffle perpendicular to fourth arm body extends left, simultaneously, the rear side of fourth baffle and the leading flank laminating of fourth protruding portion.

Preferably, a second avoidance groove is defined on the front end surface of the first sliding table and/or the rear end surface of the second sliding table, and a second driving mechanism connected with the second sliding table and driving the second sliding table to slide is arranged in the second avoidance groove.

Preferably, a hydraulic driving part is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the first sliding table, the top of the hydraulic driving part is connected with the second sliding table and is used for supporting the weight of the second sliding table and reducing the load of the second driving mechanism.

Preferably, an oil path is defined on the first sliding table and/or on the bonding surface of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and an oil inlet of the oil path is arranged on the bonding surface between the first sliding table and the cross beam and the bonding surface between the first sliding table and the second sliding table, so that lubricating oil flows into the oil path from the oil inlet to the bonding surface to respectively reduce friction force between the hard rail and the first sliding table and friction force between the first sliding table and the second sliding table.

Preferably, the oil passages are distributed in a zigzag line or wavy line in the extending direction of the bonding surface.

Preferably, a wear-resistant layer is attached to the first sliding table and/or the bonding surface of the hard rail and the bonding surface of the second sliding table, and lubricating oil enters the oil path from the oil inlet and then infiltrates onto the wear-resistant layer so as to reduce friction force of the wear-resistant layer.

Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is a belt-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the joint surface;

The wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE.

Preferably, the milling machine further comprises a calibration device arranged at one side of the machine body, one end of the calibration device, which is close to the machine body, is limited with a calibration surface parallel to the length direction of the machine body, and one side of the calibration device, which is far away from the machine body, is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibration device to move towards or away from the machine body;

the calibrating device is arranged on the front side of the cross beam and is used for carrying out azimuth calibration on the workpiece by pushing the workpiece on the workbench through the calibrating surface before milling operation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

The first sliding table is directly arranged on the cross beam through surface-to-surface lamination, so that the assembly rigidity of the first sliding table and the cross beam is ensured while the travel limit is eliminated; the front end of the first sliding table is wrapped on two sides of the second sliding table, so that displacement deviating from the moving direction in the process of driving the main shaft to move can be effectively avoided, and the moving precision is ensured; meanwhile, the main shaft part is embedded at the bottom of the second sliding table, the feeding and retracting processes are realized by the movement of the second sliding table or the first sliding table and the second sliding table, and the milling head cannot sink due to gravity in the moving process, namely, the main shaft part and the second sliding table cannot generate relative displacement, so that milling force can be ensured, and in the milling process, the reaction force from a workpiece, received by the main shaft, is dispersed to the second sliding table, the first sliding table and the cross beam, and the second sliding table, the first sliding table and the cross beam are rigidly connected, so that the reaction force is weakened in the transmission process, thereby avoiding unnecessary displacement and improving machining precision.

In addition, because the sliding travel of the first sliding table is increased, the milling direction is changed by changing the milling head connected to the end part of the main shaft, so that the milling of three dimensions of a workpiece can be realized, the fine flying of multiple surfaces can be realized at one time, the stroke limitation is avoided, the machine is not required to be converted, and the construction time is shortened.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is one of the partial exploded views in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second partial exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of a beam in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the first slide table in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a top view of the first slide table in the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a second sliding table in the embodiment of the invention.

Wherein, a workpiece; 1. a bed body; 2. a cross beam; 3. a column; 4. a first sliding table; 5. a second sliding table; 6. a main shaft; 7. a milling head; 8. a work table; 9. a calibration device;

21. A hard rail;

211. a first protrusion; 212. a second protruding portion; 213. a first avoidance groove; 214. an oil receiving box;

2111. An inclined plane;

41. a first clasping arm; 42. a second clasping arm; 43. a third arm; 44. a fourth arm; 45. a hydraulic drive unit; 46. a first screw rod;

451. A connecting plate;

411. a first baffle; 421. a second baffle; 431. a third baffle; 441. a fourth baffle;

51. A third protrusion; 52. a fourth protrusion; 53. a second avoidance groove; 54. a first mounting hole; 55. a second mounting hole;

61. A spindle drive motor;

91. a calibration surface.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

In this embodiment, the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in fig. 5 is assumed to be front, and the direction indicated by the solid arrow is assumed to be rear.

The embodiment provides a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the milling machine comprises:

a lathe bed 1, wherein a workbench 8 is arranged on the lathe bed 1;

The portal frame comprises upright posts 3 respectively arranged at two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam 2 which spans over the lathe bed and is fixedly connected with the two upright posts, and a hard rail 21 extending along the length direction of the cross beam 2 is limited at the front end of the cross beam 2;

the first sliding table 4 is arranged at the front end of the cross beam 2, the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table 4 extend backwards and are clasped on the hard rail 21, and the first sliding table 4 can slide left and right along the hard rail 21;

the second sliding table 5 is arranged on the first sliding table 4 and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table 4;

The main shaft 6 is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table 5 perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench 8, one end of the main shaft close to the lathe bed 1 is provided with a milling head 7, and the axial direction of the main shaft 6 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table 5;

When the first sliding table 4 and/or the second sliding table 5 slide, the main shaft 6 and the milling head 7 are driven to synchronously move. The first sliding table 4 is directly arranged on the hard rail 21 of the cross beam 2, so that the matching rigidity between the first sliding table and the hard rail can be improved, and enough supporting force is provided for the second sliding table 4.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the milling machine includes two first sliding tables 4 and two second sliding tables 5, where the two first sliding tables 4 are disposed opposite to each other at the front end of the beam 2, and the two second sliding tables 5 are disposed on the corresponding first sliding tables 4 respectively.

As a preferred embodiment, the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables 4 is not smaller than the length of the cross beam 2, and at least one first sliding table 4 can span over the workbench 8, so that the top and one side of the workpiece a can be milled respectively by changing the milling head or adjusting the milling direction of the milling head, thereby realizing the milling operation of the workpiece a in a three-dimensional space.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 12, a first mounting hole 54 is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table 5, and the spindle 6 is fixed in the first mounting hole 54; on the one hand, the integrity between the main shaft 6 and the second sliding table 5 is improved, the axial direction of the main shaft 6 is vertical to the sliding direction of the second sliding table 5, and the milling precision is prevented from being influenced by sinking of the milling head 7 caused by self gravity; on the other hand, when the main shaft 6 drives the milling head 7 to perform milling operation, vibration generated by the rotation of the main shaft 6 and vibration generated by the milling of the milling head can be absorbed by the second sliding table 5, so that the milling precision is further ensured.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 12, a second mounting hole 55 communicating with the first mounting hole 54 is defined in the front end surface of the second slide table 5, and a spindle drive motor 61 is fixed to the front end of the second slide table 5 and is connected to the spindle 6 through the second mounting hole 55.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the upper portion of the hard rail 21 is defined with a first protrusion 211 protruding upward, and the lower portion of the hard rail 21 is defined with a second protrusion 212 protruding downward; the first protruding portion 211 defines a front end face, a top face, and a rear end face, and the second protruding portion 212 defines a front end face, a bottom face, and a rear end face;

The upper portion of first slip table 4 rear end stretches out backward and buckles downwards and forms first arm 41 that embraces, this first arm 41 and the preceding terminal surface of first protruding portion 211, top face and rear end laminating, the lower part of first slip table 4 rear end upwards buckles after stretching out backward and forms second arm 42 that embraces, this second arm 42 and the preceding terminal surface of second protruding portion 212, bottom face and rear end laminating, in this way, when first slip table 4 slides about along hard rail 21, can not produce the relative displacement in perpendicular to slip direction between the two, first slip table 4 is disposed on the hard rail 21 of crossbeam 2 directly through the laminating of face and face, when eliminating the stroke restriction, guaranteed the assembly rigidity of both, thereby guarantee the slip precision of first slip table 4.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the top of the first protrusion 211 defines a slope 2111, and the front side of the slope 2111 is high, and the rear side is low, as shown in fig. 1, and the slope is attached to the lower portion of the backward extending portion of the first arm 41, so as to provide a supporting force in an oblique direction to counteract the pulling force of the first sliding table 4 on the hard rail 21.

As a preferred embodiment, the front end surface of the second protruding portion 212 is flush with the front end surface of the hard rail 21, so that the pressing force of the first sliding table 4 on the lower portion of the hard rail 21 is offset by increasing the bonding area of the lower portion of the front end surface of the hard rail 21 and the first sliding table 4.

As a preferred embodiment, the first clasping arm 41 includes a first arm body and a first baffle 411, wherein the first arm body extends backward from the upper portion of the rear end of the first sliding table 4, the lower portion of the first arm body is attached to the inclined surface 2111, the first baffle 411 is detachably fixed to the end of the first arm body away from the first sliding table 4 and extends downward perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle 411 is attached to the rear side of the first protruding portion 211;

The second arm 42 includes a second arm body and a second baffle 421, where the first arm body extends backward from the lower portion of the rear end of the first sliding table 4, and the second baffle 421 is detachably fixed to one end of the second arm body away from the first sliding table 4 and extends upward perpendicular to the second arm 42. The first cohesion arm 41 and the second cohesion arm 42 are split into corresponding arm bodies and baffle plates which are detachably connected and fixed with the arm bodies, so that the front end of the first sliding table 4 can be directly placed on the hard rail 21 from the front end of the hard rail 21 when the whole machine assembly is carried out, and the corresponding baffle plates are fixed, so that the assembly difficulty is obviously reduced. Similarly, in other preferred embodiments, the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 may be formed by a plurality of plates fixedly connected for easy processing and assembly.

As a preferred embodiment, the front end surface of the hard rail 21 defines a first avoidance groove 213 in the middle and/or in the middle of the rear end surface of the first sliding table 4, and a first driving mechanism connected to the first sliding table 4 and used for driving the first driving mechanism to slide is disposed in the first avoidance groove 213 (in this embodiment, the front end surface of the hard rail 21 defines the first avoidance groove 213 in the middle and in the middle of the rear end surface of the first sliding table 4 so as to provide enough space for the first driving mechanism), and the first avoidance groove 213 is disposed in the middle of the hard rail 21 and/or the first sliding table 4, so as to shorten the distance between the joint surface of the hard rail 21 and the first sliding table 4 and the first driving mechanism, thereby reducing the disturbance degree of the vibration generated in the operation of the first driving mechanism on the joint surface. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first driving mechanism includes a first screw 46 and a first servo motor connected to the first screw, and drives the first sliding table 4 to slide left and right along the extending direction of the hard rail 21 by driving the rotation of the first screw through the first servo motor; it should be noted that, the sliding of the sliding table/sliding block is driven by the structure as a conventional technical means in the art (for example, the date 2010.05.19 of the authorized bulletin, the publication number CN201470957U, and the name of the sliding table/sliding block is described in detail in the published patent document of the gantry vertical type high-speed numerically controlled milling machine), and the details are not repeated here. Preferably, the first driving mechanism is further provided with a first speed reducer connected with the first servo motor, and the first speed reducer is used for increasing traction force of the first driving mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1,6, 10 and 11, a third arm 43 extending forward and bending to the right is defined at the left side of the front end of the first sliding table 4; a fourth embracing arm 44 extending forwards and bending leftwards is limited on the right side of the front end of the first sliding table 4, and a limiting space is defined by the third embracing arm 43, the fourth embracing arm 44 and the front end surface of the first sliding table 4, and is used for accommodating the second sliding table 5 and embracing two sides of the second sliding table 5; when the second sliding table 5 slides up and down relative to the first sliding table 4, a part of the second sliding table 5 is always limited in the limiting space, so that relative displacement perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table 5 is avoided.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the two side edges of the second sliding table 5 are respectively defined with a third protruding portion 51 and a fourth protruding portion 52, the third protruding portion 51 is defined with a front end face, a left side face and a rear end face, the fourth protruding portion 52 is defined with a front end face, a side face and a rear end face, and the third protruding portion 51 and the fourth protruding portion 52 both form a stepped structure with the rear end face of the second sliding table 5;

The inner side of the third embracing arm 43 is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table 5 and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding portion 51; the inner side of the fourth arm 44 is respectively attached to the front end face, the left side face and the rear end face of the side face of the second sliding table 5 and the fourth protruding portion 52; thus, at least four joint surfaces are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the second sliding table 5 and the first sliding table 4; when the milling operation is performed, the second sliding table 5 is not horizontally displaced by the reaction force applied to the milling head 8.

As a preferred embodiment, the third clasping arm 43 includes a third arm body and a third baffle 431, wherein the third arm body extends forward from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table 4, the inner side of the third arm body is attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table 5, the rear end surface of the third protruding portion 51 and the left side surface, the third baffle 431 is detachably fixed to one end of the third arm body far away from the first sliding table 4, and the third baffle 431 extends rightward perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle 431 is attached to the front side surface of the third protruding portion 51;

The fourth arm 44 includes a fourth arm body and a fourth baffle 441, where the fourth arm body 441 extends forward from the right side of the front end of the first sliding table 4, the inner side of the fourth arm body is attached to the second sliding table 5 with a side surface, the rear end surface of the fourth protruding portion 52 with a side surface, the fourth baffle 441 is detachably fixed to the fourth arm body, which is far away from one end of the first sliding table 4, and the fourth baffle 441 extends leftward perpendicular to the fourth arm body, and simultaneously, the rear side of the fourth baffle 441 is attached to the front side surface of the fourth protruding portion 52. Taking the structure shown in fig. 5 as an example, when the left side wall of the workpiece a is milled, when the workpiece a moves in the direction indicated by the solid arrow in fig. 5, the workpiece a gives the cutter head 7a reaction force in the direction indicated by the broken arrow through the cutter head of the cutter head 7, and the reaction force is transmitted to the second sliding table 5 by the cutter head 7, the spindle 6 and the like because of rigid connection among the cutter head 7, the spindle 6 and the second sliding table 5, at this time, the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5, the third protruding part 51 of the second sliding table 5 and the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 are propped against, and the reaction force is weakened because the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5 are both rigid materials, and further, because the joint surface of the second sliding table 5 and the first sliding table 4 is also stepped, the reaction force is further dispersed and weakened; when the workpiece a moves in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow in fig. 5, the workpiece a gives the milling head 7a reaction force in the direction indicated by the solid arrow through the cutterhead, and the reaction force is transmitted to the second sliding table 5 by the milling head 7, the spindle 6 and the like because of the rigid connection among the milling head 7, the spindle 6 and the second sliding table 5, at this time, the fourth protrusion 52 of the second sliding table 5 is abutted against the joint surface between the first sliding table 4, and the reaction force is weakened because the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5 are both made of rigid materials, and further, the joint surface between the second sliding table 5 and the first sliding table 4 is also stepped because the fourth protrusion 52 and the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5 form a stepped structure, and the reaction force is further dispersed and weakened;

On the basis of the above, on the premise that the first sliding table 4 does not displace, the second sliding table 5 does not move, and therefore, the spindle 6 and the milling head 7 do not move, so that in the embodiment, when milling operation is performed, the axial position of the milling head 7 is not changed due to the movement of the workpiece a or the vibration of the milling head 7 in the milling process, and the operation precision is effectively ensured; when the workpiece a is milled on the left side wall or when the workpiece a travels in the opposite direction along with the table 8, the same procedure as described above is repeated here.

As a preferred embodiment, the front end surface of the first sliding table 4 and/or the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5 are/is defined with a second avoidance groove 53, a second driving mechanism connected with the second sliding table 5 and driving the second sliding table 5 to slide is configured in the second avoidance groove 53, preferably, the second avoidance groove 53 is disposed in the middle of the front end surface of the first sliding table 4 and/or the middle of the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5, and the purpose is to shorten the distance between the joint surface of the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5 and the second driving mechanism, so as to reduce the disturbance degree of vibration generated in the working process of the second driving mechanism on the joint surface, and further preferably, the second avoidance groove 53 is disposed in the middle of the front end surface of the first sliding table 4 and the middle of the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5 and is defined with the second groove, so as to provide more assembly space for the second driving mechanism. Preferably, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod and a second servo motor connected with the second screw rod, and the second sliding table 5 is driven to slide up and down in the accommodating space by driving the second screw rod to rotate through the second servo motor; it should be noted that, the sliding of the sliding table/sliding block is driven by the structure as a conventional technical means in the art (for example, the authorized bulletin date 2010.05.19, the publication number CN201470957U, a name of which is a detailed description in the published patent document of the gantry vertical type high-speed numerically controlled milling machine), and will not be repeated here. Preferably, a second speed reducer connected with the second servo motor is further arranged in the second driving mechanism, and the second speed reducer is used for increasing traction force of the second driving mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a hydraulic driving member 45 is disposed on the left side and the right side of the first sliding table 4, and the top of the hydraulic driving member 45 is connected to the second sliding table 5, so as to support the weight of the second sliding table 5 and reduce the load of the second driving mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment, an oil path (not shown in the figure) is defined on the first sliding table 4 and/or on the joint surfaces of the hard rail 21 and the second sliding table 5, and an oil inlet of the oil path is disposed on the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 and the cross beam 2 and the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5, so that lubricating oil flows from the oil inlet into the oil path of the joint surface to reduce friction force between the hard rail and the first sliding table and between the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5 respectively.

As a preferred embodiment, the oil passages are distributed in a zigzag line or a wavy line in the extending direction of the bonding surface.

As a preferred embodiment, a wear-resistant layer (not shown in the figure) is attached to the first sliding table 4 and/or the bonding surfaces of the hard rail and the second sliding table 5, and lubricating oil enters the oil path from the oil inlet and then infiltrates onto the wear-resistant layer so as to reduce the friction force of the wear-resistant layer. Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is generally attached to a short guide rail (a movable guide rail or an upper guide rail) of the sliding guide rail pair, specifically to the guide rail pair of the first sliding table 4 and the hard rail 21, and from the aspects of saving materials and facilitating processing, the wear-resistant layer can be attached to a surface of the first sliding table 4, which is attached to the hard rail 21; in particular to the guide rail pair of the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5, the wear-resistant layer is preferably attached to the surface of the first sliding table 4, which is attached to the second sliding table 5.

As a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer (also called a guide rail soft belt) is a belt-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the joint surface;

The wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE, contains abundant solid lubricant particles and has better friction and wear characteristics. The material is well known in the industry, and because the material adopts a nanometer superfine formula, the soft belt material of the guide rail is uniform and compact, has strong wear resistance, is widely used for manufacturing and maintaining various common machine tools and textile, printing, papermaking, food, chemical industry, woodworking machinery and other mechanical sliding guide rails, and is particularly suitable for various precise machine tools, numerical control machine tools and machining centers with high precision requirements.

It should be noted that the wear-resistant layer preferably meets the following performance parameters:

High wear resistance: the wear resistance is at least 10 times that of the cast iron guide rail, so that the guide rail precision can be maintained;

low friction: the friction coefficient is less than 0.04 and is only 1/3 of that of the cast iron guide rail, so that the driving energy consumption is greatly reduced;

no creeping: the dynamic friction coefficient and the static friction coefficient are close, the micro feeding positioning is good, and the operation is stable;

good shock absorption: noise and vibration can be reduced, and the processing precision is improved;

lubrication is good: the self-lubricating performance is good, and even if a lubricating system fails, the rail can be prevented from being scratched;

Easy maintenance: because the hardness of the soft belt is much lower than that of gold, abrasion mainly occurs on the wear-resistant layer, and only a new wear-resistant layer is needed to be replaced for maintenance, and dishing of the guide rail pair is thoroughly avoided.

As a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer is a strip-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the bonding surface, and the attaching process preferably comprises:

coating special plastic glue with super strength on the plastic surface, attaching the wear-resistant layer on the plastic surface, pressing a certain weight, ensuring uniform stress on each point of the plastic surface, and placing until the glue is completely solidified;

placing a workpiece (a first sliding table) attached with the wear-resistant layer on a machine tool to mill an oil outlet;

the red lead powder is smeared on the plastic-coated surface to enable the two bonding surfaces to be fully rubbed, and high points generated by friction are scraped and leveled by manpower, so that the plastic-coated surface is better bonded and the flatness is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, an oil receiving box 214 opposite to the first driving mechanism is also disposed below the hard rail 21.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the milling machine further comprises a calibration device 9 arranged at one side of the machine body, wherein one end of the calibration device 9 close to the machine body 1 is limited with a calibration surface 91 parallel to the length direction of the machine body 1, and one side of the calibration device 9 far from the machine body is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibration device to move towards or away from the machine body;

The alignment device 9 is arranged on the front side of the cross beam 2 for aligning the orientation of the workpiece a by pushing the workpiece a on the table 8 via the alignment surface 91 before the milling operation.

In conclusion, the first sliding table is directly arranged on the cross beam through surface-to-surface lamination, so that the assembly rigidity of the first sliding table and the cross beam is ensured while the travel limit is eliminated; the front end of the first sliding table is wrapped on two sides of the second sliding table, so that displacement deviating from the moving direction in the process of driving the main shaft to move can be effectively avoided, and the moving precision is ensured; meanwhile, the main shaft part is embedded at the bottom of the second sliding table, the feeding and retracting processes are realized by the movement of the second sliding table or the first sliding table and the second sliding table, and the milling head cannot sink due to gravity in the moving process, namely, the main shaft part and the second sliding table cannot generate relative displacement, so that milling force can be ensured, and in the milling process, the reaction force from a workpiece, received by the main shaft, is dispersed to the second sliding table, the first sliding table and the cross beam, and the second sliding table, the first sliding table and the cross beam are rigidly connected, so that the reaction force is weakened in the transmission process, thereby avoiding unnecessary displacement and improving machining precision.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments in light of the technical principles of the invention may be made within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. The utility model provides a long stroke high accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine which characterized in that includes:

a workbench is arranged on the lathe bed;

The portal frame comprises upright posts respectively arranged at two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which spans over the lathe bed and is fixedly connected with the two upright posts, and a hard rail extending along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam;

The first sliding table is arranged at the front end of the cross beam, the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are clasped on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail;

the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table;

the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, one end of the main shaft, which is close to the lathe bed, is provided with a milling head, and the axial direction of the main shaft is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table;

When the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move;

The upper part of the hard rail is limited with a first protruding part protruding upwards, and the lower part of the hard rail is limited with a second protruding part protruding downwards; the first protruding part is limited with a front end face, a top face and a rear end face, and the second protruding part is limited with a front end face, a bottom face and a rear end face;

The upper part of the rear end of the first sliding table extends backwards and is bent downwards to form a first cohesion arm, the first cohesion arm is attached to the front end face, the top face and the rear end face of the first protruding part, the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extends backwards and is bent upwards to form a second cohesion arm, and the second cohesion arm is attached to the front end face, the bottom face and the rear end face of the second protruding part;

the top of the first protruding part is limited with an inclined plane, the front side of the inclined plane is high, the rear side of the inclined plane is low, and the inclined plane is attached to the lower part of the backward extending part of the first embracing arm;

the front end face of the second protruding part is flush with the front end face of the hard rail;

the milling machine comprises two first sliding tables and two second sliding tables, wherein the two first sliding tables are oppositely arranged at the front end of the cross beam, and the two second sliding tables are respectively arranged on the corresponding first sliding tables.

2. The long-stroke high-precision numerically controlled planer type milling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables is not smaller than the length of the cross beam, and at least one first sliding table can cross over the workbench.

3. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine of claim 1, wherein a first mounting hole is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table, and the main shaft is fixed in the first mounting hole.

4. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the first embracing arm comprises a first arm body and a first baffle, the first arm body extends backwards from the upper part of the rear end of the first sliding table, the lower part of the first arm body is attached to the inclined surface, the first baffle is detachably fixed at one end, far away from the first sliding table, of the first arm body, extends downwards perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle is attached to the rear side of the first protruding part;

The second arm that embraces includes second arm body and second baffle, wherein, first arm body stretches out backward from the lower part of first slip table rear end, and second baffle detachably is fixed in second arm body and keeps away from first slip table one end to perpendicular to second arm that embraces upwards extends.

5. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a first avoidance groove is defined in the middle of the front end face of the hard rail and/or the middle of the rear end face of the first sliding table, a first driving mechanism which is connected with the first sliding table and is used for driving the first sliding table to slide is arranged in the first avoidance groove, and the first avoidance groove is arranged in the middle of the hard rail and/or the first sliding table.

6. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a third embracing arm which extends forwards and bends towards the right is limited on the left side of the front end of the first sliding table; the right side of the front end of the first sliding table is limited with a fourth embracing arm which extends forwards and bends leftwards, and the front end surfaces of the third embracing arm, the fourth embracing arm and the first sliding table are combined to form a limiting space which accommodates the second sliding table and embraces two sides of the second sliding table; when the second sliding table slides up and down relative to the first sliding table, a part of the second sliding table is always limited in the limiting space.

7. The long-stroke high-precision numerically controlled planer type milling machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the edges of the two sides of the second sliding table are respectively limited with a third protruding part and a fourth protruding part, the third protruding part is limited with a front end face, a left side face and a rear end face, the fourth protruding part is limited with a front end face, a right side face and a rear end face, and the third protruding part and the fourth protruding part form a stepped structure with the rear end face of the second sliding table;

The inner side of the third cohesion arm is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding part; the inner side of the fourth cohesion arm is respectively attached to the right side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the fourth protruding portion.

8. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 7, wherein the third cohesion arm comprises a third arm body and a third baffle plate, the third arm body extends forwards from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table, the inner side of the third arm body is attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table, the rear end surface of the third protruding part and the left side surface, the third baffle plate is detachably fixed at one end, far away from the first sliding table, of the third arm body, the third baffle plate extends rightwards perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle plate is attached to the front side surface of the third protruding part;

the fourth arm that embraces includes fourth arm body and fourth baffle, wherein, the right side of fourth arm body front end is stretched out forward, the inboard of fourth arm body and second slip table right flank, the trailing end face and the right flank laminating of fourth protruding portion, fourth baffle detachably is fixed in the fourth arm body and is kept away from first slip table one end, and fourth baffle perpendicular to fourth arm body extends left, simultaneously, the trailing side of fourth baffle and the leading flank laminating of fourth protruding portion.

9. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a second avoidance groove is defined on the front end face of the first sliding table and/or the rear end face of the second sliding table, and a second driving mechanism connected with the second sliding table and driving the second sliding table to slide is arranged in the second avoidance groove.

10. The long-stroke high-precision numerically controlled planer type milling machine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the left side and the right side of the first sliding table are respectively provided with a hydraulic driving part, and the top of the hydraulic driving part is connected with the second sliding table.

11. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein oil ways are defined on the first sliding table and/or on the joint surfaces of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and oil inlets of the oil ways are arranged on the joint surfaces between the first sliding table and the cross beam and the joint surfaces between the first sliding table and the second sliding table.

12. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine of claim 11, wherein the oil paths are distributed in a broken line or wavy line shape in the extending direction of the joint surface.

13. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 12, wherein a wear-resistant layer is attached to the first sliding table and/or the joint surface of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and lubricating oil enters an oil path from an oil inlet and then infiltrates onto the wear-resistant layer.

14. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine of claim 13, wherein the wear-resistant layer is of a strip-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the joint surface;

The wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE.

15. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the milling machine further comprises a calibration device arranged on one side of the lathe bed, one end of the calibration device, which is close to the lathe bed, is limited with a calibration surface parallel to the length direction of the lathe bed, and one side of the calibration device, which is far away from the lathe bed, is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibration device to move towards or away from the lathe bed;

the calibrating device is arranged on the front side of the cross beam and is used for carrying out azimuth calibration on the workpiece by pushing the workpiece on the workbench through the calibrating surface before milling operation.