CN112792344B - Laser additive repair method for alloy steel rail surface defects - Google Patents
Laser additive repair method for alloy steel rail surface defects Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F2007/068—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts repairing articles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser additive repair method for surface defects of alloy steel rails, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: quantitatively evaluating the damage degree of the alloy steel rail and determining the repairability of the steel rail; determining a proper repair scheme for the available laser additive repair according to the damage degree; performing groove processing on the damaged part of the alloy steel rail or performing regional/integral removal on the surface of the damaged part to ensure that the damaged part is completely removed and then performing crevasse processing; fixing the steel rail on a processing machine tool and preheating; and repairing and processing by adopting a laser additive manufacturing technology. The invention provides a special laser additive manufacturing and repairing method for a fixed frog point rail from the aspects of feasibility, scheme selection, pretreatment, preheating scheme, repairing process parameter selection, post-treatment and the like of repairing based on the damage form of the fixed frog point rail, can better guide to complete the laser repairing work of the fixed frog point rail, and has strong operability and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, in particular to a laser additive repairing method for surface defects of alloy steel rails, and particularly relates to a laser additive repairing method for fixed frog point rails of railway turnouts.
Background
The fixed frog of the railway turnout bears the impact and abrasion of a wheel set, and the wheel-rail force transition area of a point rail and a wing rail is easy to abrade or damage locally, so that the frog fails. When the frog is failed, the point rail is seriously and locally damaged in a wheel rail force transition area, and other parts still keep good structure and performance, so that the service life of the fixed frog, particularly the point rail part, can be greatly prolonged by repairing the fixed frog, the waste is fully utilized, and the frog has remarkable economic and social benefits.
The laser additive manufacturing technology can utilize laser to deposit powder layer by layer in a region to be repaired, and the geometric performance and the mechanical performance of a part are recovered on the premise of not damaging the performance of the part, so that the damaged part can meet the use requirement again. The laser additive manufacturing repair technology has the advantages of good directionality, small deformation of repaired parts, compact interface combination, small subsequent processing removal amount, high reliability and the like.
However, laser additive manufacturing technology is rarely used for repairing the surface of the alloy steel rail, and particularly, a method and a device which are particularly suitable for the surface of the alloy steel rail are developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a laser additive repair method suitable for surface defects of alloy steel rails.
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically that a laser additive repair method for surface defects of alloy steel rails is characterized by comprising the following steps:
quantitatively evaluating the damage degree of the alloy steel rail and determining the repairability of the steel rail;
determining a proper repair scheme for the available laser additive repair according to the damage degree;
performing groove processing on the damaged part of the alloy steel rail or performing regional/integral removal on the surface of the damaged part to ensure that the damaged part is completely removed and then performing crevasse processing;
fixing the steel rail on a processing machine tool and preheating;
and repairing and processing by adopting a laser additive manufacturing technology.
Preferably, the damage degree of the alloy steel rail is quantitatively evaluated, and the determination of the repairability of the steel rail means that when the ratio of the maximum depth of any single damage to be repaired to the thickness of the steel rail in the maximum depth direction is less than 1/3 and the total volume of the repair affected area accounts for less than 1/3 of the total volume of the steel rail, the steel rail is considered to be repairable, otherwise, the steel rail is considered to be unrepairable.
Preferably, the determination of the appropriate repair scheme according to the damage degree means that when the ratio of the total volume of the repair affected area to the total volume of the steel rail is not more than 1/10, laser repair is directly performed on the single damage or the small area continuous damage respectively; when the ratio of the total volume of the repairing affected area to the total volume of the steel rail exceeds 1/10 but does not exceed 1/5, the damaged dense area can be removed regionally, then the area is repaired by laser, and the non-damaged dense area is repaired by laser directly; when the ratio of the total volume of the repairing affected area to the total volume of the steel rail exceeds 1/5 but does not exceed 1/3, the surface of the point rail is directly and integrally removed, and then integral laser repairing is carried out.
Further preferably, the groove machining means that the groove angle of the light facing surface is not more than 60 degrees, the groove angle of the backlight surface is not more than 45 degrees, and the groove angle of the side light surface is not more than 60 degrees.
Preferably, the preheating is to heat the rail by using a heating module built in the fixing tool, and to perform scanning and synchronous heating on the surface of the rail by using a laser beam.
Preferably, the alloy steel rail is a fixed frog point rail, the fixing tool is at least one pair of inverted-T-shaped fasteners arranged on two sides of the point rail, holes with the same size are formed in positions corresponding to the point rail mounting holes, the point rail and the inverted-T-shaped fasteners on the left side and the right side penetrate through bolts, the fixing tool and the point rail are fixed through nuts and are fixed with a machine tool through a mounting base below the fixing tool, the heating module is arranged on the surface, attached to the side face of the point rail, of the inverted-T-shaped fasteners, and the heating module is provided with a temperature measuring component for monitoring the temperature of the side face of the point rail.
More preferably, the preheating is to heat the surface temperature of the two sides of the core rail to be more than 300 ℃, particularly preferably to be 300℃ and 350 DEG C
Further preferably, the scanning and synchronous heating on the surface of the steel rail by using the laser beam means that the low-power rapid scanning is performed on the surface of the steel rail by using the laser beam, and particularly preferably, the laser preheating power is 500-.
Further preferably, during the repair, the power of the laser is 800-.
Further preferably, the restoration processing step further comprises knocking and destressing the point rail by using a rubber hammer in a distributed knocking method, and particularly preferably, the knocking and destressing is performed for 3-5 times under 10-20 knocking respectively at the left side, the right side and the surface of a restoration area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the laser additive manufacturing process is adopted to quickly repair the fixed frog point rail of the railway turnout, and the method has the advantages of good directionality, small deformation of repaired parts, compact interface combination, small subsequent processing removal amount and high reliability.
2. The repairability of the fixed frog point rail and the specifically adopted repair scheme are judged quickly and reliably by adopting a unique quantitative evaluation method.
3. The unique groove design is adopted to ensure the irradiation and repair of the laser to the surface to be repaired.
4. The special fixture is adopted to implement fixation and preheating, and the laser scanning preheating is matched, so that the temperature of the area to be repaired is effectively controlled in an optimal range before treatment, the temperature gradient between a repair area molten pool and a base material is reduced, and the generation of a point rail repair area and peripheral cracks is effectively prevented.
5. The laser repairing process parameters are reasonably optimized, the heat input is effectively reduced, and the defects of cracking and the like of the point rail repairing area are prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a laser additive manufacturing repair method of the present invention
FIGS. 2A-C are schematic diagrams of quantitative evaluation of orbital damage and selection of repair protocols.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the special fixture.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a tap sequence for tap destressing.
In the figure: the black area of fig. 2 is a laser repair area; the black area in fig. 3 is the heating surface of the heating module built in the fixture for fixing; the black areas of fig. 4 are laser repair areas, numbered in the tapping sequence.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme of a laser additive repair method suitable for surface defects of an alloy steel rail, and particularly the selected alloy steel rail is a fixed frog point rail.
As shown in fig. 1, the repairing method of the present invention is specifically realized by the following steps:
firstly, carrying out quantitative evaluation on the damage degree of the fixed frog point rail to be used as a basis for judging the feasibility of repair and selecting a repair scheme (see fig. 2), and specifically, for a single damage of the fixed frog point rail, firstly calculating and judging whether the ratio of the maximum depth of a to-be-repaired area to the theoretical thickness of a part in the maximum depth direction is not more than 1/3; meanwhile, for the whole of the point rail component, the area to be repaired is calculated according to the size shortage part after being processed into the groove suitable for laser repair, considering that the damaged part may have tiny cracks to expand to the surrounding area, the repair influence area is calculated according to the range of the 'area to be repaired' + 'the area to be repaired outside the 5mm range', firstly, the infiltration inspection is carried out on the processing surface of the area to be repaired outside the 5mm, if the cracks still exist, the area can be directly judged as unrepairable, if the cracks do not exist, the proportion of the total volume of the repair influence area to the total volume of the component is calculated and judged whether the proportion of the total volume of the repair influence area to the total volume of the component does not exceed 1/3, because the heat input in the repair process is positively correlated with the repair quantity, if the repair quantity is too large, the heat influence area to be; if the two conditions are met, the core rail part is judged to be repairable, otherwise, the core rail part is judged to be unrepairable. As shown in fig. 2A, when the ratio of the total volume of the repair affected zone to the total volume of the rail does not exceed 1/10, laser repair can be performed on a single damage or a small area of continuous damage, respectively; as shown in fig. 2B, when the ratio of the total volume of the repair affected zone to the total volume of the rail exceeds 1/10 but does not exceed 1/5, the damaged dense zone can be removed regionally, and then the laser repair can be performed on the zone, and the laser repair can be performed directly on the zone outside the damaged dense zone; as shown in fig. 2C, when the ratio of the total volume of the repair affected zone to the total volume of the rail exceeds 1/5 but does not exceed 1/3, the surface of the rail can be directly removed entirely, followed by the entire laser repair. The above determination conditions are repeatedly confirmed by the applicant based on a large number of experience and temperature field simulation, and by the quantitative evaluation analysis method of the above determination conditions, the repairability can be quickly determined by focusing on the actual damage condition, and quick repair can be performed for as small a machining amount as possible according to the actual damage condition.
Subsequently, carry out the design and processing of groove, for avoiding not fusing the production of defect, the design of groove is preferred to be fillet processing in the bottom, and the laser spot diameter of repairing the selection for use is about 4~6mm, so fillet radius is preferred half of spot diameter, 2~3mm promptly to can guarantee to repair and to cover whole fillet region under 30% ~50% overlap ratio condition, thereby can avoid not fusing the defect production to furthest. Meanwhile, the design and processing of the groove also require that the groove angle of the light-facing surface is less than or equal to 60 degrees, the groove angle of the backlight surface is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the groove angle of the side light surface is less than or equal to 60 degrees, so that the laser beams and the powder beams can be projected to any position in the groove repairing area. After the damaged area and the groove are processed, firstly cleaning the surface by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 5-10%, then washing by using high-pressure deionized water, and immediately heating and drying by using a blower; and cleaning the surface of the steel pipe by using alcohol, and drying the steel pipe by using a blower after cleaning to ensure that the surface of the steel pipe is free of oil stains and oxide skin.
Subsequently, the inventor designs and develops a special fixing tool by himself to fix the point rail on the processing machine. As shown in fig. 3, the special fixture of the present invention is three pairs of inverted T-shaped fasteners, which includes an upper fastening portion and a lower mounting base, the fastening portions are disposed on both sides of the rail, the fastening portions have holes with the same size at positions corresponding to the mounting holes of the rail, the bolts pass through the rail and the pair of inverted T-shaped fasteners on both sides, the fixture and the rail are fixed by nuts, and the fixture and the machine tool are fixed by the mounting base below the fixture. The surface (black area in fig. 3) of the fastening part of the fixing tool, which is fastened and attached to the core rail, is provided with a heating module, and the heating module is also provided with a temperature measuring component for monitoring the temperature of the side surface of the core rail. In order to enhance the fixing effect, as shown in fig. 3, the top surface of the fastening portion of the inverted T-shaped fastener may be processed into a rough surface so as to apply force from above to perform compression fixing, and the fastening portion is fixed in fixed cooperation with the mounting base or fixed in place of the mounting base.
Subsequently, start heating module and heat in order to preheat the heart rail, because heating module set up the portion of retightening and the subsides of heart rail side on at the back, so to the heating efficiency of heart rail high, can effectively preheat the heart rail. Because the volume of the fixed frog point rail repair area is not too large relative to the total volume, the temperature of the base material rises slowly at the initial stage of laser repair, a great temperature gradient exists between a melting pool and the base material in the repair area, the melt in the repair area is solidified in the cooling process, and is unevenly shrunk with the base material nearby, and cracks are easily generated at the interface, therefore, before the laser repair, the point rail is efficiently preheated through the heating module, which is favorable for solving the problems, in particular, the invention can better reduce the temperature gradient between the melting pool and the base material in the repair area by matching with the low-power rapid scanning synchronous preheating of the laser beam on the surface of the point rail, and effectively prevent the cracks from generating, and particularly, the inventor finds that the low-power rapid scanning of the laser beam on the surface of the point rail should meet the condition that the laser preheating power is 500-1500W, the scanning speed is 1500-2000mm/min, and the laser preheating power, the laser head distance and the laser scanning speed are set to realize that the surface is not melted under the condition of effective heating, so that the heating module can be optimally matched for preheating. As shown in Table 1, in order to fully preheat and solve the corresponding technical problem, the preheating temperature of the two side surfaces of the core rail should reach more than 300 ℃, preferably 300-. The temperature of the preheated part in the repair process is reduced, the heat input in the repair process is very small compared with that of the whole part, the effect of maintaining the whole temperature of the part is limited, and particularly, when the volume of the repair area is less than 10cm3The preheating temperature can be in the range of 300-310 ℃; the volume of the repair area is 10-30cm3When the temperature is within the range of 310 ℃ and 330 ℃; when the volume of the repair area is 30-100cm3The preheating temperature should be 330 deg.C-350 ℃ range; when the volume of the repair area exceeds 100cm3Many times, it is not suitable to continue repair (i.e. it is difficult to meet the first two criteria considered repairable), and if repair is required, its preheat temperature also exceeds at least 350 ℃. The preheating temperature can be monitored by a temperature measuring component arranged on the heating module and fed back to the heating module to control heating.
TABLE 1 preheat and repair Process parameters
And then, performing repair processing, wherein in the repair process, according to the condition of the carbon alloy bainite steel in the fixed frog center rail, as shown in Table 1, the power of the laser is preferably 800-. Specifically, when the volume of the repair area is less than 10cm3Meanwhile, the power of the laser is 800-; the volume of the repair area is 10-30cm3Meanwhile, the power of the laser is 900-; when the volume of the repair area is 30-100cm3Meanwhile, the power of the laser is 1200-; when the volume of the repair area exceeds 100cm3In many cases, the method is not suitable for continuous repair (i.e. the two judgment conditions considered as repairable are difficult to satisfy), if the repair is needed, the power of the laser reaches at least 1500W, the scanning speed is 1250mm/min or more, and the powder feeding rate is 30-40 g/min.
Finally, after laser scanning repair is completed, due to the fact that large residual stress exists on the surface of the repaired steel rail, stress removal treatment is needed to prevent cracks from rapidly growing. According to the invention, the center rail is knocked and destressed by using the rubber hammer in a distributed knocking method, as shown in figure 4, the knocking method is adopted, knocking sequence must gradually approach to the center from two ends of the top in sequence (according to the sequence of the reference numbers shown in the figure), otherwise, if knocking is started from the center, the stress at two ends is increased and warping occurs due to the release of the stress to the ends. And (3) knocking 10-20 times respectively at the left side, the right side and the surface of the restoration area (determined according to the surface width of the restoration area, and knocking times are increased when the width is larger) in each cycle of knocking destressing, and finishing destressing after 5 times of cycle operation. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, strong practicability, no need of heat treatment and good stress relief effect.
In summary, the invention provides a special laser additive manufacturing and repairing method for a fixed frog point rail from the aspects of feasibility, scheme selection, pretreatment, preheating scheme, repairing process parameter selection, post-treatment and the like of repairing based on the damage form of the fixed frog point rail, can better guide to complete the laser repairing work of the fixed frog point rail, and has strong operability and practicability.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A laser additive repair method for surface defects of alloy steel rails is characterized by comprising the following steps:
quantitatively evaluating the damage degree of the alloy steel rail and determining the repairability of the steel rail;
determining a proper repair scheme for the available laser additive repair according to the damage degree;
performing groove machining on the damaged part of the alloy steel rail or performing regional/integral removal on the surface of the damaged part to ensure that the damaged part is completely removed and then performing groove machining;
fixing the steel rail on a processing machine tool and preheating;
repairing and processing by adopting a laser additive manufacturing technology;
the damage degree of the alloy steel rail is quantitatively evaluated, and the repairability of the steel rail is determined, namely when the ratio of the maximum depth of any single damage to be repaired to the thickness of the steel rail in the maximum depth direction is less than 1/3 and the total volume of crack-free repair influence areas accounts for less than 1/3 of the total volume of the steel rail, the steel rail is considered to be repairable, otherwise, the steel rail is considered to be unrepairable; wherein, the restoration influence area is calculated according to the 'area to be restored' + 'the range of 5mm outside the boundary of the area to be restored'; firstly, performing permeability inspection on a machined surface which is expanded by 5mm, if cracks still exist, directly judging that the steel rail is not repairable, and if the cracks do not exist, calculating and judging whether the ratio of the total volume of a repair affected area to the total volume of the steel rail is less than 1/3;
the method comprises the steps that when the ratio of the total volume of a repair affected area to the total volume of the steel rail is not more than 1/10, laser repair is directly performed on single damage or small-area continuous damage respectively; when the ratio of the total volume of the repairing affected area to the total volume of the steel rail exceeds 1/10 but does not exceed 1/5, the damaged dense area is removed regionally, then the area is repaired by laser, and the non-damaged dense area is repaired by laser directly; when the ratio of the total volume of the repair affected zone to the total volume of the steel rail exceeds 1/5 but does not exceed 1/3, directly carrying out integral removal on the surface of the steel rail and then carrying out integral laser repair;
the preheating is to heat the steel rail by adopting a heating module arranged in the fixing tool, and simultaneously scan and synchronously heat the surface of the steel rail by using laser beams; the alloy steel rail is a fixed frog point rail, the fixing tool is at least one pair of inverted T-shaped fasteners arranged on two sides of the point rail, holes with the same size are formed in positions corresponding to the point rail mounting holes, the point rail and the pair of inverted T-shaped fasteners on the left side and the right side penetrate through bolts, the fixing tool and the point rail are fixed through nuts and are fixed with a machine tool through a mounting base below the fixing tool, the heating module is arranged on the surface, attached to the side face of the point rail, of each inverted T-shaped fastener, and the heating module is provided with a temperature measuring component for monitoring the temperature of the side face of the point rail; the laser beam is used for scanning and synchronously heating the surface of the steel rail, namely, the laser beam is used for carrying out low-power rapid scanning on the surface of the steel rail, the laser preheating power is 500-1500W, the distance between a laser head and the surface of a workpiece is more than 3 times of the focal length, and the scanning speed is 1500-2000 mm/min; the preheating is to heat the surface temperature of the two sides of the point rail to 300-350 ℃.
2. The laser additive repair method according to claim 1, wherein the groove machining is performed by requiring a groove angle of a light facing surface to be equal to or less than 60 degrees, a groove angle of a backlight surface to be equal to or less than 45 degrees, and a groove angle of a side light surface to be equal to or less than 60 degrees.
3. The laser additive repairing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during repairing, the power of the laser is 800-.
4. The laser additive repair method of claim 1 further comprising, after the repair processing step, rapping the point rail using a rubber hammer to destress the point rail by a distributed rapping method.
5. The laser additive repair method of claim 4 wherein the tap destressing is performed for 10-20 taps and 3-5 cycles on each of the left and right sides and surface of the repair zone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110381197.8A CN112792344B (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Laser additive repair method for alloy steel rail surface defects |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110381197.8A CN112792344B (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Laser additive repair method for alloy steel rail surface defects |
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