CN112791465B

CN112791465B - Active sand filter

Info

Publication number: CN112791465B
Application number: CN202110369566.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 维林加·索德·哈伯斯·约瑟夫; 张巍
Original assignee: Micro Resources Shanghai Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Micro Resources Shanghai Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-07
Filing date: 2021-04-07
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-07
Also published as: CN112791465A

Abstract

The invention relates to an active sand filter, which comprises a tank body, and a sand washing device, an active sand area, a dirty sand collecting component and a dirty sand lifting component which are arranged in the tank body, wherein the tank body is of a cylindrical structure, the top of the tank body is provided with a filtrate outlet pipe and a sand washing water outlet pipe, the bottom of an inner cavity of the tank body is provided with the dirty sand collecting component, the dirty sand collecting component comprises a lower sand guide hopper, a dirty sand collecting cavity is formed in the lower sand guide hopper, the lower sand guide hopper comprises two first sand guide plates positioned at two sides of the upper part of the lower sand guide hopper, the first sand guide plates incline downwards towards the axis direction of the tank body, two second sand guide plates arranged between the first sand guide plates, and the two second sand guide plates form a roof structure, through the structure, the position of the raw water inlet pipe is reduced, the volume of the active sand area is increased, the flow path of the sewage in the active sand is further increased, and reduces the use of installation space of the active sand filter while increasing the filtering efficiency of the sewage.

Description

Active sand filter

Technical Field

The invention relates to an active sand filter, in particular to a continuous contact filtering device which integrates flocculation, clarification and filtration for purifying drinking water, industrial process water, sewage and industrial wastewater by using active sand, belonging to the field of environmental protection equipment and sewage deep treatment.

Background

The active sand filter is a continuous filtering device which integrates flocculation, clarification and filtering. Can be widely applied to the fields of drinking water, industrial water, sewage advanced treatment and reclaimed water reuse treatment. The system adopts an up-flow fluid bed filtering principle and a single homogeneous filtering material, the filtering and sand washing are carried out simultaneously, the continuous automatic operation can be carried out for 24 hours, the back washing is not required to be stopped, the traditional high-power back washing system is replaced by a skillful sand extracting and sand washing structure, and the energy consumption is extremely low. The system does not need maintenance, is simple and convenient to manage and can be unattended.

The active sand filter consists of a tank, a water distributor, a sand guide hopper, a sand washer, an air lift pump and the like. The method is divided into three types according to different structural types and functions, and the three types are specifically as follows:

1) ordinary type active sand filter: mainly removing Suspended Solids (SS) and phosphorus in the sewage;

2) a bioactive sand filter: not only can remove Suspended Solid (SS) in the sewage, but also can effectively remove organic pollutants such as COD, BOD and the like in the sewage;

3) a denitrification type active sand filter: used for removing HN4+ -N in sewage.

The active sand filter mainly has two structural types, namely a tank type structure and a reinforced concrete structure. The tank type active sand filter is divided into three types of carbon steel, stainless steel and PP plastic according to different materials of the tank body.

For example, chinese patent document CN201821118968.4 discloses an active sand filter, which has a small floor area, and its internal components include a water inlet system, a water distribution system, a sand extraction system, a sand washing water recovery system, and a filter bed, and the active sand filter is based on the countercurrent principle. Raw water to be treated enters the filter through a water distributor at the bottom of the filter through a water inlet pipe. The water flow reversely flows through the filter bed from bottom to top, and the filtered filtrate is gathered at the top of the filter and flows out through the overflow port. SS and TP in the sewage are trapped by the sand bed in the process. The filter material that the filter bottom intercepted the filth is promoted the sand washer at filter top through the air lift pump, makes the pollutant separate out from the filter material through the turbulent flow effect, and impurity discharges through the sparge water export, thereby the net sand utilizes the dead weight to return to the sand bed and realizes continuous filtration. The sand washing wastewater is discharged through a special pipe. However, the filter adopts an inverted cone-shaped sand hopper, the size of the inverted cone-shaped sand hopper is large, the cost of equipment is high, the filter is disadvantageously arranged in a limited space, the inverted cone-shaped sand guide device is adopted, the position of a water inlet is lifted, a group of supporting pieces are required to be added for supporting a multistage air lift pump, a sludge discharge port is required to be lengthened to go deep into a pipeline in the equipment, and the welding process requirement of an inverted cone is higher; in addition, the water inlet moves upwards to shorten the retention time of sewage in the sand bed, so that the quality of the effluent water is poor, and the sewage discharge reaching the standard is not facilitated. In order to ensure the discharge to reach the standard, the inverted conical equipment needs to be lengthened and widened, and the operations inevitably increase the cost and occupy more space.

Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an efficient activated sand filter, so as to realize the production reduction of the filter meeting the same water quality requirement at lower cost and overcome the defect of occupied area of the existing activated sand filter.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the efficient active sand filter, the filter can be arranged in a smaller space, the cost of the active sand filter is reduced when the corresponding water quality requirement is met, the volume of an active sand area is increased, the filtering effect is improved, and the cleaned active sand is uniformly distributed in the tank body.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an active sand filter comprises a tank body, and a sand washing device, an active sand area, a dirty sand collecting component and a dirty sand lifting component which are arranged in the tank body, wherein the tank body is of a cylindrical structure, a filtrate outlet pipe and a sand washing water outlet pipe are arranged at the top of the tank body, the dirty sand collecting component is arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the tank body, the dirty sand collecting component comprises a lower sand guide hopper, a dirty sand collecting cavity is formed in the lower sand guide hopper, and the sand washing device is arranged on the upper part of the tank body, the sand washing device comprises a sand washer and an exhaust pipe arranged at the upper part of the sand washer, the sand washer is connected with the lower sand guide hopper through a dirty sand lifting component, the dirty sand lifting part comprises a sand lifting pipe and a multi-stage air lifting pump, the multi-stage air lifting pump is sleeved on the sand lifting pipe and is connected with the outside of the sand lifting pipe and an air inlet pipe, pumping the dirty sand trapped in the lower sand guide hopper into the sand washer through a sand lifting pipe by the multistage air lift pump; the raw water inlet pipe is arranged at the periphery of the tank body and is adjacent to the lower sand guide hopper; lead sand hopper down including being located two first sand guide plate of its upper portion both sides, first sand guide plate orientation the axis direction downward sloping of jar body, set up two second between the first sand guide plate lead the sand plate, two the second leads the sand plate and forms roof structure, and have respectively towards corresponding first sand guide plate side downward sloping setting, through the setting of this first sand guide plate and second sand guide plate, reduced the position of raw water inlet tube, the raw water that flows in from the raw water inlet tube collects in the storehouse is collected to the filtrating after the active sand filtration of jar internal, flows from the filtrating outlet pipe, and above-mentioned setting has increased the volume in active sand district, makes sewage further increase in the flow path in active sand to the use that has reduced active sand filter's installation space increases the filtration efficiency of sewage simultaneously.

The first sand guide plate and the second sand guide plate are mainly formed by directly cutting plates with different sizes through a machine tool, are directly welded through a welding machine or are fixed through bolts or are clamped on a base of the lower sand guide hopper, and are made of plastic materials in an optimal mode. Back taper sand hopper needs the line to pass through the plate of the corresponding size of lathe cutting among the prior art, then stereotypes through toper veneer reeling machine, and the material of plastics can not be selected to the selection of material, because the roll system of plastics material takes place inside fracture easily when stereotyped, reduce intensity. Need select the material of stainless steel, need do guard work simultaneously when rolling up the system awl end, otherwise can destroy the inoxidizing coating on stainless steel surface, follow-up pickling passivation that needs again, consequently this back taper molding sand fill manufacturing cost is high, and need make special protecting film when rolling up the system design, corresponding technology also can increase cost. In the invention, the lower sand guide hopper 2 is formed by welding, so that the method has the characteristics of low material selection cost and simple manufacturing process, reduces the manufacturing cost of the active sand filter, and improves the market competitiveness of the product.

Lead sand hopper's base down has polygonal column shape, this base accessible polylith flat plate welding forms or forms through forging mode, consider from the manufacturing cost aspect, the limited welding mode of formation of consideration, but not exclude other conventional manufacturing methods that can make the column shape base that forms this polygon, through polygonal column shape, for back taper type active sand filter, the space utilization who has improved the filter bottom has further increased the accommodation space of dirty sand, the number of times that uses multistage air pump to carry out sand lifting and washing has been reduced, thereby realize the long-term efficient operation of active sand filter.

The first sand guide plate and the second sand guide plate are plates with trapezoidal shapes, and the trapezoidal area of the second sand guide plate is larger than that of the first sand guide plate, so that efficient guide of dirty sand to the lower sand guide plate is achieved. The middle part of the contact position of the two second sand guide plates is provided with a lifting pump fixing base, the multistage air lifting pump and a sand lifting pipe penetrate through the lifting pump fixing base and stretch into the dirty sand collecting cavity, dirty sand is pumped into the lifting pipe through the multistage air lifting pump, and the dirty sand is conveyed into the sand washing device.

The second sand guide plate extends downwards towards the corresponding first sand guide plate and exceeds the lower edge of the first sand guide plate, when raw water is filtered, the active sand in the tank body is clean sand grains to sand grains of dirty sand from top to bottom, and the dirty sand is collected by the first sand guide plate of the lower sand guide hopper and is guided into the second sand guide plate to enter the dirty sand collecting cavity.

In order to clean and overhaul the tank body, the bottom of the tank body is provided with a sand taking outlet, when the equipment is transferred or sand in the sand filtering device needs to be replaced, the sand in the tank body can be discharged through the sand taking outlet, the transportation weight of the equipment is reduced, and new sand is replaced.

Because dirty sand has certain humidity and mix with impurity, lead sand siltation volume and adhesion at first sand guide plate and second in order to prevent dirty sand, it is preferred that first sand guide plate forms the contained angle scope at 30-80 scopes with vertical direction, preferred 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 °, 75's contained angle, the second is led sand guide plate 202 and vertical direction and is formed the contained angle scope at 30-80 scopes, preferred 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 °, 75's contained angle, just the second is led sand guide plate and vertical direction and is formed the contained angle and be greater than first sand guide plate forms the contained angle with vertical direction.

The invention provides an active sand filter, which is characterized in that the structure of the bottom of the filter is improved, a sand guide device or a sand distributor is eliminated, the position of a water inlet is reduced through a lower sand guide hopper arranged at the bottom of the active sand filter, and the miniaturized installation of the active sand filter is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an activated sand filter of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of an activated sand filter of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower sand guide hopper of the active sand filter of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a lower sand guide hopper of the activated sand filter of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sand washer of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a raw water inlet pipe; 2. a lower sand guide hopper; 3. taking a sand outlet; 4. a multi-stage air lift pump; 5. a sand washer; 6. an exhaust pipe; 7. a filtrate collection bin; 8. a filtrate outlet pipe; 9. an air inlet pipe; 10. a sand washing water outlet pipe; 11. a tank body; 201. a first sand guide plate; 202. a second sand guide plate; 203. a lift pump mount base; 204. a dirty sand collection chamber; 501. a sand extracting pipe; 502. a central block; 503. a sand blocking block; 504. an exhaust passage; 505. a sand washing water discharge pipe; 506. a sand washing water collecting tank; 507. mounting boss

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

A high-efficiency active sand filter comprises a tank body 11, and a sand washing device, an active sand area, a dirty sand collecting component and a dirty sand lifting component which are arranged in the tank body 11, wherein the tank body 11 is of a cylindrical structure, the top of the tank body 11 is provided with a filtrate outlet pipe 8 and a sand washing water outlet pipe 10, the bottom of an inner cavity of the tank body 11 is provided with the dirty sand collecting component, the dirty sand collecting component comprises a lower sand guide hopper 2, a dirty sand collecting cavity 204 is formed in the lower sand guide hopper 2, and the sand washing device is arranged at the upper part of the tank body 11, the sand washing device comprises a sand washer 5 and an exhaust pipe 6 arranged at the upper part of the sand washer 5, the sand washer 5 is connected with the lower sand guide hopper 2 through a dirty sand lifting component, the dirty sand lifting part comprises a sand lifting pipe and a multi-stage air lifting pump 4, the multi-stage air lifting pump 4 is sleeved outside the sand lifting pipe and is connected with an air inlet pipe 9, pumping the dirty sand intercepted in the lower sand guide hopper 2 into the sand washer 5 through a sand lifting pipe by the multistage air lift pump 4; the raw water inlet pipe 1 is arranged at the periphery of the tank body 11 and is adjacent to the lower sand guide hopper 2; the lower sand guide hopper 2 comprises two first sand guide plates 201 positioned at two sides of the upper part of the lower sand guide hopper, the first sand guide plates 201 are inclined downwards towards the axis direction of the tank body 11, two second sand guide plates 202 arranged between the first sand guide plates 201, the two second sand guide plates 202 form a roof structure and are respectively inclined downwards towards the corresponding first sand guide plates 201, the position of the raw water inlet pipe 1 is reduced through the arrangement of the first sand guide plates and the second sand guide plates, raw water to be filtered flowing in from the raw water inlet pipe 1 flows upwards to be filtered through an active sand area in the tank body 11 and then is collected in a filtrate collection bin 7 and flows out from a filtrate outlet pipe 8, and the arrangement increases the flow path of sewage in the active sand and the volume of the active sand area and reduces the use of an installation space of an active sand filter.

The first sand guide plate 201 and the second sand guide plate 202 are mainly formed by directly cutting plates with different sizes through a machine tool, and are directly welded or fixed through bolts or clamped on a base of the lower sand guide hopper 2 through a welding machine. Back taper sand hopper needs the line to pass through the plate of the corresponding size of lathe cutting among the prior art, then stereotypes through toper veneer reeling machine, and the material of plastics can not be selected to the selection of material, because the roll system of plastics material takes place inside fracture easily when stereotyped, reduce intensity. Need select the material of stainless steel, need do guard work simultaneously when rolling up the system awl end, otherwise can destroy the inoxidizing coating on stainless steel surface, follow-up pickling passivation that needs again, consequently this back taper molding sand fill manufacturing cost is high, and need make special protecting film when rolling up the system design, corresponding technology also can increase cost. In the invention, the lower sand guide hopper 2 is formed by welding, so that the method has the characteristics of low material selection cost and simple manufacturing process, reduces the manufacturing cost of the active sand filter, and improves the market competitiveness of the product.

The base of the lower sand guide hopper 2 is in a polygonal columnar shape, the base can be formed by welding a plurality of flat plates or formed by forging, the welding forming mode is considered preferentially from the aspect of manufacturing cost, other conventional manufacturing modes which can manufacture the polygonal columnar base are not excluded, and the space utilization rate of the bottom of the filter is improved and the containing space of dirty sand is further increased through the polygonal columnar shape relative to an inverted cone type active sand filter, so that the active sand filter can operate efficiently for a long time.

The first sand guide plate 201 and the second sand guide plate 202 are plates with trapezoidal shapes, and the trapezoidal area of the second sand guide plate 202 is larger than that of the first sand guide plate 201, so that efficient guide of dirty sand to the lower sand guide hopper 2 is realized. The middle part of the contact position of the two second sand guide plates 202 is provided with a lifting pump fixing base 203, the multistage air lifting pump 4 and a sand lifting pipe penetrate through the lifting pump fixing base 203 and stretch into the dirty sand collecting cavity 204, dirty sand is pumped into the lifting pipe through the multistage air lifting pump 4, and the dirty sand is conveyed into the sand washing device.

The second sand guide plate 202 extends downward and slantwise towards the corresponding first sand guide plate 201 and exceeds the lower edge of the first sand guide plate 201, when raw water is filtered, the active sand in the active sand area in the tank body 11 is clean sand grains to sand grains of dirty sand from top to bottom, and the dirty sand is collected by the first sand guide plate 201 of the lower sand guide hopper and is guided into the second sand guide plate 202 to enter the dirty sand collecting cavity.

In order to clean and overhaul the tank body, the bottom of the tank body 11 is provided with a sand taking outlet 3, when the equipment is transferred or sand in the sand filtering device needs to be replaced, the sand in the tank body 11 can be emptied through the sand taking outlet 3, the transportation weight of the equipment is reduced, and new sand is replaced.

Because dirty sand has certain humidity and inclusion impurity, in order to prevent dirty sand and lead the siltation and adhesion of sand board 202 at first sand guide 201 and second, it is preferred that first sand guide 201 forms the contained angle scope at 30-80 scopes with vertical direction, preferred 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 °, 75's contained angle, the second leads sand board 202 and vertical direction formation contained angle scope at 30-80 scopes, preferred 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 °, 75's contained angle, just the second leads sand board 202 and vertical direction formation contained angle to be greater than first sand guide 201 and vertical direction formation contained angle. In order to prevent the sand flowing out after washing from accumulating at the outlet below the sand washer 5, the included angle between the first sand guide plate 201 and the second sand guide plate 202 is set to be in the range of 60-110 degrees.

The sand washer 5 is provided with a sealing cavity with a flat plate structure, mounting protrusions 507 are arranged on two sides of the sand washer 5, a sand washing water collecting tank 506 protruding along the direction vertical to the flat plate structure is arranged on the upper portion of the sand washer 5, and a sand washing water discharge pipe 505 is connected with the sand washing water collecting tank 506 and used for discharging sand washing water in the sand washer 5; an exhaust channel 504 extending beyond the flat plate structure is arranged in the height direction of the sand washer 5, one part of the exhaust channel 504 is connected with a sealed cavity of the sand washer 5, the other part of the exhaust channel extends out of the sealed cavity and is connected with the atmosphere, a sand blocking block 503 is arranged at the inlet of the exhaust channel 504 and is used for preventing dirty sand lifted by the multistage air lift pump 4 from being discharged from the exhaust channel 504, a central block 502 is arranged in the sealed cavity, a channel is formed in the central block 502 and is connected with a lifting pipe 501, sharp spines are arranged in the sand washing channel formed by the central block 502 and the sealed cavity, and the sharp spines are various shapes capable of increasing the motion path of the dirty sand and turning the dirty sand, and comprise circular bulges, conical bulges and triangular bulges; the projections of the spines in the channel in the horizontal direction are not overlapped, so that the situation that the sand washing channel is blocked in the specific sand washing process is prevented, the circulation channel of the sand is expanded, the sand is washed in the sand washer, the sand washer operates stably, the water quality reaches the standard and is discharged, and the washed sand flows out of the lower part of the sand washer 5 and returns to the tank body to be continuously used as active sand.

Furthermore, the sand washer 5 is integrally formed by welding, compared with the prior art that the machining of the cylindrical pagoda sand washer needs complex processes of manufacturing a die, manufacturing internal and external threads and the like, the material of the sand washer can be cut by a machine tool and then welded by a welding machine, and the sand washer has the advantages of simple machining process, short time and low cost.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active sand filter is characterized by comprising a tank body (11), and a sand washing device, an active sand area, a sand washing collecting component and a sand washing lifting component which are arranged in the tank body (11), wherein the tank body (11) is of a cylindrical structure, a filtrate outlet pipe (8) and a sand washing water outlet pipe (10) are arranged on the periphery of the top of the tank body (11), the bottom of an inner cavity of the tank body (11) is provided with the sand washing collecting component, the sand washing collecting component comprises a lower sand guide hopper (2), a flat-bottom sand washing collecting cavity (204) is formed at the bottoms of the lower sand guide hopper (2) and the inner cavity of the tank body, the sand washing device is arranged on the upper part of the tank body (11) and comprises a sand washer (5) and an exhaust pipe (6) arranged on the upper part of the sand washer (5), the sand washer (5) is connected with the lower sand guide hopper (2) through the sand washing lifting component, and the sand washing lifting component comprises a sand lifting pipe and a multistage air lifting pump (4), the multistage air lifting pump (4) is sleeved outside the sand lifting pipe and connected with an air inlet pipe (9), and dirty sand trapped in the lower sand guide hopper (2) is pumped into the sand washer (5) through the sand lifting pipe by the multistage air lifting pump (4); the raw water inlet pipe (1) is arranged at the periphery of the tank body (11) and is adjacent to the lower sand guide hopper (2); the lower sand guide hopper (2) comprises two first sand guide plates (201) positioned on two sides of the upper part of the lower sand guide hopper, the first sand guide plates (201) incline downwards towards the axis direction of the tank body (11), two second sand guide plates (202) arranged between the first sand guide plates (201), the second sand guide plates (202) incline downwards towards the corresponding sides of the first sand guide plates (201), the first sand guide plates (201) and the second sand guide plates (202) directly cut plates with different sizes through a machine tool and are installed and fixed on a base of the lower sand guide hopper (2), the base has a polygonal columnar shape, one end of the base supporting the first sand guide plates (201) and the second sand guide plates (202) is matched with the shapes of the first sand guide plates (201) and the second sand guide plates (202), a space is reserved between the lower side of the first sand guide plates and the base and is communicated with the tank wall, the sand washer (5) is provided with a sealing cavity body with a flat plate structure, the first sand guide plate (201) and the second sand guide plate (202) are plates with trapezoidal shapes, the long sides of the trapezoidal shapes of the two second sand guide plates (202) are overlapped to form an included angle between the two second sand guide plates, and the second sand guide plates (202) extend towards the lateral downward inclination of the corresponding first sand guide plates (201) and exceed the lower edges of the first sand guide plates (201).

2. The activated sand filter of claim 1, wherein the first sand guide plate (201) and the second sand guide plate (202) are selected from plastic materials.

3. The activated sand filter of claim 1, wherein the second sand guide plate (202) has a larger trapezoidal area than the first sand guide plate (201).

4. The activated sand filter of claim 1, wherein a lift pump fixing base (203) is arranged in the middle of the contact position of the two second sand guide plates (202), and the multistage air lift pump (4) and a sand lifting pipe penetrate through the lift pump fixing base (203) and extend into the dirty sand collecting cavity (204).

5. An activated sand filter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a sand extraction outlet (3) is arranged in the bottom of the tank (11), whereby the activated sand in the tank (11) can be emptied through the sand extraction outlet (3) when equipment transfer occurs or sand in the sand filter arrangement needs to be changed.

6. The activated sand filter of claim 1, wherein the first sand guide plate (201) forms an angle with the vertical in the range of 30-80 ° and the second sand guide plate (202) forms an angle with the vertical in the range of 30-80 °.

7. The activated sand filter of claim 1, wherein a central block body (502) is arranged inside the sealed cavity, a channel is formed in the central block body (502) and is connected with the riser pipe (501), sharp spines are arranged in a sand washing channel formed by the central block body (502) and the sealed cavity, and projections of the sharp spines in the channel in the horizontal direction do not overlap.

8. Activated sand filter according to claim 1, characterised in that the sand washer (5) is integrally formed by welding.