CN112781966A - Method for estimating consumption of hard alloy insert - Google Patents
Method for estimating consumption of hard alloy insert Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112781966A CN112781966A CN202011458135.4A CN202011458135A CN112781966A CN 112781966 A CN112781966 A CN 112781966A CN 202011458135 A CN202011458135 A CN 202011458135A CN 112781966 A CN112781966 A CN 112781966A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- hard alloy
- height
- cemented carbide
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating the consumption of a hard alloy insert. The method comprises the following steps: inlaying the inlaying material to obtain the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample seataRespectively mixing optional n groups of different hard alloy samples with the embedding materials to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross sectional area as the blank sample seat, combining KaAnd calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats according to the mass of the insert in each group of hard alloy sample seats, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample seatiCalculating a plurality of KiAverage value of (A) KbBased on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected. The method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in controllability and reliable in estimation result, can avoid waste of the embedding materials, can perform flat grinding on a plurality of sample seats to be detected with consistent heights, and can reduce cost on the basis of improving working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a method for estimating the consumption of a hard alloy insert.
Background
The performance of the hard alloy is determined by the composition and the structure of the hard alloy, and when the composition of the alloy is determined, the performance of the alloy is good and the service life of the alloy is short, and the performance of the alloy is mainly determined by the internal structure of the alloy. The main defects of the internal structure of the alloy are pores, carburization, decarburization, cracks, layering, non-pressing, holes, mixing, coarse clamping, coarse crystal aggregation, a cobalt pool and the like. Therefore, metallographic analysis is the most important and necessary analytical means for cemented carbide, and the prerequisite of metallographic analysis is metallographic sample preparation, which includes sample treatment and cutting, inlaying, coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing, and finally achieves the requirements of mirror surface metallographic observation and analysis, and each step has strong continuity and importance. The selection of the proper amount of the embedding material in the embedding treatment process has very important significance on the utilization rate of raw materials and the efficiency of sample grinding and metallographic analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, it is an object of the invention to propose a method for estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts. The method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in controllability and reliable in estimation result, the hard alloy to be detected can be embedded into the sample seat to be detected which is higher than the hard alloy sample to be detected, the waste of the embedding materials can be avoided, the flat grinding can be simultaneously carried out on a plurality of sample seats to be detected with consistent heights, the working efficiency can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.
The invention is mainly based on the following problems:
the inventor finds that the hard alloy is widely applied to important fields such as cutting tools, geological mining tools, dies (such as wire drawing dies, cold heading dies, hot extrusion dies, cold extrusion dies and hot forging die wire drawing and tube drawing core dies), structural parts, wear-resistant parts, cavities for high temperature and high pressure resistance and the like, therefore, the product brands, models and types produced by the hard alloy are very many, the height of the inlaid material is sometimes too much due to different heights of the samples during inlaying, the inlaid sample seat is higher, thus, phenolic resin is wasted, and the addition of the embedding material is less, so that the sample is higher than the sample seat, therefore, the upper die of the embedding machine is propped up to be damaged, more importantly, if the height of each embedded sample is different, the upper surface grinding machine can only grind one sample, the working efficiency is seriously influenced, and how to quickly inlay the metallographic samples of various models is an important premise for metallographic sample preparation.
To this end, according to a first aspect of the invention, a method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts is proposed. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) carrying out embedding treatment on the embedding materials independently so as to obtain a blank sample seat;
(2) calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera；
(3) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with the embedding material and carrying out embedding treatment so as to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as the blank sample seat, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples have different qualities, brands, models, shapes and heights;
(4) binding KaAnd the mass of the insert in each group of hard alloy sample seats, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample seat, and respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n;
(5) calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb；
(6) Based on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected.
The method for estimating the amount of the cemented carbide insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention at least comprisesThe following advantages are: 1) the height coefficient, namely K, suitable for various hard alloy samples during the inlaying treatment of the hard alloy samples can be obtained based on the characteristic that the height-mass ratio of the inlaying material under the same cross section area is the same under the conditions of different heights, densities, volumes, shapes, masses and the like of the hard alloy samplesbThe amount of the embedding material used for embedding other same or different hard alloy samples to be detected is estimated, so that a sample seat to be detected, which is higher than the sample to be detected, can be obtained, the height difference between the embedded sample seat to be detected and the expected height is reduced to be less than 0.1mm, and the effects of not only preventing the hard alloy sample from being exposed to damage an upper die of an automatic embedding machine due to insufficient embedding material, but also preventing the embedding material from being wasted due to excessive use of the embedding material are achieved; 2) when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be detected are provided, each or each group of hard alloy to be detected can be embedded into a sample seat to be detected which is a little higher than the hard alloy sample to be detected with the highest height, wherein the height difference of each embedded sample seat to be detected can be reduced to be less than 0.1mm, so that the embedded sample seats to be detected with consistent height can be subjected to flat grinding at the same time, and the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost can be achieved; 3) the method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in controllability and reliable in estimation result, can improve the working efficiency, can achieve the beneficial effects of reducing the cost and the like, and can be widely applied to metallographic sample preparation of hard alloy.
In addition, the method for estimating the amount of the cemented carbide insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the tesserae are phenolic resins.
In some embodiments of the invention, step (3) satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the value of n is not less than 10; the quality, the brand, the model, the shape and the height of n groups of different hard alloy samples are different; the materials of n groups of different hard alloy samples are different; each set of cemented carbide samples independently comprises one or more cemented carbide samples, a plurality of which are the same and/or different.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (6): when the hard alloy sample to be detected is single, estimating the using amount of the embedding material when the single hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the single hard alloy sample to be detected; and when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be detected are detected, estimating the consumption of the embedding material when each hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment or a plurality of hard alloys to be detected are subjected to embedding treatment simultaneously by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected with the highest height.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (6), the cross-sectional area of the sample holder to be tested obtained by performing the insert processing on the cemented carbide sample to be tested is the same as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (6), based on the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured, the height H of the sample holder to be measured obtained by performing the embedding process on the cemented carbide sample to be measured is estimated, and the amount of the embedding material required to obtain the sample holder to be measured with the height H is:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka，
wherein M is the mass of the embedding material; mbThe mass of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be measured.
In some embodiments of the invention, step (6) satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the height H of the sample seat to be detected refers to the height of the hard alloy sample seat obtained in the step (3); and (3) the hard alloy sample to be detected is the same as or different from the hard alloy sample in the step (3).
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass of the cemented carbide sample to be tested, the estimated amount of the insert, the amount of the insert during the actual embedding process, and the actual height of the sample holder to be tested are recorded, versus the average value K in step (5)bAnd (6) correcting.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the damascene process described in each step uses the same damascene machine and the same specification of damascene molds.
In some embodiments of the invention, a method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts comprises:
a) the phenolic resin is separately subjected to an inlaying treatment so as to obtain a blank sample holder, the height H of which is recordedaAnd the mass M of the phenolic resin useda；
b) Calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera，Ka＝Ha/Ma；
c) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with the phenolic resin and carrying out inlaying treatment, so that all the hard alloys in each group of hard alloys are inlaid in the same sample seat to obtain n hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as that of the blank sample seat, wherein the n groups of different hard alloy samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights,
record the height H of the 1 st set of cemented carbide sample holders1And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb1Mass M of phenolic resina1；
Record the height H of the group 2 cemented carbide sample holder2And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb2Mass M of phenolic resina2；
……
Recording the height H of the n-th group of hard alloy sample seatsnAnd mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderbnMass M of phenolic resinan；
d) Binding KaAnd the mass M of phenolic resin in each set of cemented carbide sample holdersaiMass M of cemented carbidebiAnd height H of cemented carbide sample holderiAnd respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each hard alloy sample seat by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n,
K1＝(H1-Ma1·Ka)/Mb1；
K2＝(H2-Ma2·Ka)/Mb2；
……
Kn＝(Hn-Man·Ka)/Mbn；
e) calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb，Kb＝(K1+K2+……+Kn)/n；
f) Based on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is embedded by the height estimation of the hard alloy sample to be detected, wherein:
the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured is MbThe cross-sectional area of a sample seat to be tested obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is the same as that of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be tested is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be tested and is H, and the mass M of the phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is as follows:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka。
additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a finished piece of cemented carbide inlaid into a sample holder, according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the insert and cemented carbide in the sample holder as two parts distributed up and down according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to fig. 1, the method comprises:
(1) independently embedding the embedding material to obtain a blank sample seat
The inventors have found that when the insert processing is performed on cemented carbide, the cross-sectional area of the obtained sample holder (generally cylindrical) is the same if the insert mold of the same specification is used; and when the cross-sectional area of the sample holder is consistent, the height of the tesserae under the cross-sectional area can be used for measuring the dosage of the tesserae. For this reason, the inventor imagines that, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cemented carbide sample holder can be regarded as two parts in the height direction, one part is cemented carbide and the other part is an inlay material, and since the cross-sectional areas of the two parts are consistent, the usage amount of the inlay material in the cemented carbide sample holder can be known only by knowing the height-mass ratio of the inlay material under the cross-sectional area and the height a of the inlay material; based on this, if the height coefficient of the cemented carbide (i.e. the height-to-mass ratio of the cemented carbide) can be obtained, and the mass of the cemented carbide in the sample holder and the height of the sample holder (i.e. a + B, which can be directly measured) are combined, the mass of the insert in the sample holder can be calculated. Therefore, the inventor obtains the blank sample seat by embedding the embedding material in advance, and can obtain the height-mass ratio of the embedding material under a specific cross section area according to the mass and the height of the blank sample seat and the cross section area of the blank sample seat. It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of the sample holder according to the present invention refers to the area of the cross-section perpendicular to the height direction of the sample holder.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the embedding material can be phenolic resin, and the hard alloy is usually embedded by the phenolic resin when a metallographic sample is prepared at present, so that the phenolic resin can be independently embedded to obtain a blank sample seat formed by the phenolic resin, and further obtain the height-mass ratio of the phenolic resin under a specific cross-sectional area. It should be noted that, in addition to phenol-formaldehyde resin, other mosaics that can be metallographically sampled are also suitable for the estimation method of the present invention.
(2) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the height to mass ratio K of the blank sample holderaMay be the height H of a blank sample holderaAnd the mass M of the phenolic resin usedaRatio of (i.e. K)a＝Ha/MaThe height to mass ratio is based on the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder.
(3) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with an embedding material and carrying out embedding treatment to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as the blank sample seat, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples have different qualities, brands, models, shapes and heights
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, if the cross-sectional area of the cemented carbide sample holder is the same as that of the blank sample holder, the height-to-mass ratio K of the insert can be directly utilizedaAnd the height A of the insert in the hard alloy sample seat is measured by combining the mass of the insert in the hard alloy sample seat, so that the conversion of the cross sectional areas of the hard alloy sample seat and the blank sample seat can be omitted, the height B of the hard alloy in the hard alloy sample seat can be directly obtained, and the height coefficients suitable for different hard alloys can be obtained by combining the mass of the hard alloy and analyzing the height-mass ratio of different hard alloys. When each group of hard alloy samples and the embedding material are mixed and embedded, the height of each hard alloy sample seat, the mass of the hard alloy samples in the hard alloy sample seats and the mass of the phenolic resin need to be recorded respectively.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a value of n may be not less than 10, for example, n may be any integer value from 10 to 20 or 10 to 50, and the larger the value of n is, the more accurate the finally obtained height coefficient suitable for a plurality of different cemented carbides is, but conversely, if the value of n is too large, the workload may be too large, and by selecting the plurality of groups of cemented carbides with different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes, and different heights to analyze the universal height coefficient of the cemented carbide, the accuracy and the working efficiency of the height coefficient suitable for a plurality of different cemented carbides may be considered.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the quality, the brand, the model, the shape and the height of n groups of different cemented carbide samples may all be different, thereby further improving the accuracy of the finally obtained cemented carbide height coefficient; furthermore, the materials of the n groups of different cemented carbide samples may be different, and preferably, the materials of the n groups of different cemented carbide samples are different, so that the universality of the finally obtained cemented carbide height coefficient can be further improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, each set of cemented carbide samples may independently comprise one or more cemented carbide samples, and the plurality of cemented carbide samples may be the same and/or different, and referring to fig. 2, when each set of cemented carbide samples comprises a plurality of the same or different cemented carbide samples, it may be preferable to insert a plurality of the same or different cemented carbide samples into the same sample holder, thereby both improving the accuracy of the finally obtained cemented carbide height coefficient and reducing the workload.
(4) Binding KaAnd the mass of the embedding material in each group of hard alloy sample seats, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample seats, and respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seats as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n
According to the embodiment of the invention, taking the example that all samples in each group of cemented carbide samples are embedded into the same sample seat, the height-mass ratio K of the cemented carbide in each group of cemented carbide sample seatsiRespectively as follows:
according to the record, the height of the 1 st group of hard alloy sample seats is H1The mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample seat is Mb1The mass of the phenolic resin is Ma1Then K is1＝(H1-Ma1·Ka)/Mb1；
According to the record, the height of the 2 nd group of hard alloy sample seats is H2The mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample seat is Mb2The mass of the phenolic resin is Ma2Then K is2＝(H2-Ma2·Ka)/Mb2；
……
According to the record, the height of the n group of hard alloy sample seats is HnThe mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample seat is MbnThe mass of the phenolic resin is ManThen K isn＝(Hn-Man·Ka)/Mbn；
(5) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb
According to an embodiment of the invention, K can be obtained1、K2……KnAverage value of (A) KbAs a height coefficient suitable for a plurality of different cemented carbides, the mass of the phenolic resin required for the sample holder to be measured which is expected to be obtained is estimated by combining the mass of the cemented carbide, the height of the sample holder which is expected to be obtained, and the height-to-mass ratio of the phenolic resin, wherein,
Kb＝(K1+K2+……+Kn)/n。
(6) based on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is embedded
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the sample holder to be measured obtained by performing the insert processing on the cemented carbide sample to be measured is preferably the same as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder, and K may be set as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holdera、KbThe method is directly used for estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment without conversion of unit area. Specifically, the expected sample holder to be obtained by performing the embedding process on the cemented carbide sample to be measured can be estimated based on the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measuredThe obtained height H of the insert material needed by the sample seat to be detected with the height H is as follows:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka，
wherein M isbThe mass of (all) cemented carbide in the sample holder to be tested. The height difference between each inlaid sample seat and the expected sample seat can be reduced to below 0.1mm by adopting the formula.
According to another embodiment of the invention, when the cemented carbide sample to be detected is single, the amount of the embedding material used for embedding the single cemented carbide sample to be detected can be estimated according to the height of the single cemented carbide sample to be detected, so that the finally obtained sample seat is a little higher than the sample, thereby not only avoiding the insufficiency of the embedding material, but also avoiding the waste of the embedding material; when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be detected are detected, the consumption of the embedding material during the embedding treatment of each or each group of hard alloy samples to be detected can be estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample with the highest height, so that the height difference of each embedded sample seat can be reduced to be less than 0.1mm through the calculation of the formula even if the height, the density, the volume, the shape and the quality of the hard alloy sample are different, the utilization rate of the embedding material can be improved, the embedded sample seats with consistent height can be simultaneously subjected to flat grinding, and the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost can be achieved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured is not greater than the maximum height of the cemented carbide sample used in step (3), the amount of the insert used in the insert process of the cemented carbide sample to be measured can be estimated with reference to the height of the sample holder of the cemented carbide closest to the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured in step (3).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cemented carbide sample to be measured and the cemented carbide sample in step (3) may be the same or different, and even if the cemented carbide sample to be measured and the cemented carbide sample in step (3) are different in material, quality, brand, model, shape and height, the above formula can be used for estimation.
According to yet another aspect of the inventionIn the specific embodiment, the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured, the estimated amount of the embedding material, the amount of the embedding material in the actual embedding treatment process and the obtained actual height of the sample seat to be measured can be recorded, and the K pairbThe accuracy and versatility of the height factor suitable for various cemented carbides can be further improved by performing the correction.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the damascene process in each step can be performed by using the same damascene machine and the same specification of damascene mold, thereby further improving the accuracy of the estimation result.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts may comprise: a) separately inlaying the phenolic resin to obtain a blank sample holder, and recording the height H of the blank sample holderaAnd the mass M of the phenolic resin useda(ii) a b) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera，Ka＝Ha/Ma(ii) a c) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with phenolic resin and carrying out inlaying treatment to enable all hard alloys in each group of hard alloys to be inlaid in the same sample seat so as to obtain n hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as that of the blank sample seat, wherein the n groups of different hard alloy samples have different qualities, brands, models, shapes and heights, and the height H of the 1 st group of hard alloy sample seats is recorded1And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb1Mass M of phenolic resina1(ii) a Record the height H of the group 2 cemented carbide sample holder2And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb2Mass M of phenolic resina2(ii) a … … record the height H of the n-th group of cemented carbide sample holdersnAnd mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderbnMass M of phenolic resinan(ii) a d) Binding KaAnd the mass M of phenolic resin in each set of cemented carbide sample holdersaiMass M of cemented carbidebiAnd height of cemented carbide sample holderHiAnd respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seats as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n, K1＝(H1-Ma1·Ka)/Mb1； K2＝(H2-Ma2·Ka)/Mb2；……Kn＝(Hn-Man·Ka)/Mbn(ii) a e) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb，Kb＝(K1+K2+……+Kn) N; f) based on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected, wherein the mass of the hard alloy sample to be detected is MbThe cross-sectional area of the sample seat to be tested obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is the same as that of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be tested is H according to the height estimation of the hard alloy sample to be tested, and the mass M of the phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is as follows: m ═ H-Mb·Kb)/Ka。
In summary, the method for estimating the usage amount of the cemented carbide insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) the height coefficient, namely K, suitable for various hard alloy samples during the inlaying treatment of the hard alloy samples can be obtained based on the characteristic that the height-mass ratio of the inlaying material under the same cross section area is the same under the conditions of different heights, densities, volumes, shapes, masses and the like of the hard alloy samplesbThe amount of the embedding material used for embedding other same or different hard alloy samples to be detected is estimated, so that a sample seat to be detected, which is higher than the sample to be detected, can be obtained, the height difference between the embedded sample seat to be detected and the expected height is reduced to be less than 0.1mm, and the effects of not only preventing the hard alloy sample from being exposed to damage an upper die of an automatic embedding machine due to insufficient embedding material, but also preventing the embedding material from being wasted due to excessive use of the embedding material are achieved; 2) when the hard alloy sample to be tested is testedWhen a plurality of hard alloy bases are arranged, each or each group of hard alloy to be tested can be embedded into a sample base to be tested which is a little higher than the hard alloy sample to be tested with the highest height, wherein the height difference of each embedded sample base to be tested can be reduced to be less than 0.1mm, so that the embedded sample bases to be tested with consistent heights can be subjected to flat grinding at the same time, and the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost can be achieved; 3) the method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in controllability and reliable in estimation result, can improve the working efficiency, can achieve the beneficial effects of reducing the cost and the like, and can be widely applied to metallographic sample preparation of hard alloy; 4) a formula for estimating the consumption of the hard alloy insert is provided, and the consumption of the insert during the insert treatment of the hard alloy to be detected can be estimated more visually by adopting the formula.
The scheme of the invention will be explained with reference to the examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
1. Weighing 50 g of phenolic resin, inlaying the phenolic resin in an inlaying machine without any hard alloy sample, measuring the height of the blank sample, wherein the height is 18.56mm,
high mass ratio K of phenolic resina＝18.56mm÷50g＝0.3712mm/g
2. Optionally, 10 groups of hard alloy samples with different masses, different brands, different types, different shapes and different heights are inlaid, and the mass of each group of hard alloy, the mass of the phenolic resin and the height of the obtained sample seat are shown in a table 1:
TABLE 1 quality of cemented carbide, quality of phenolic resin and height of the obtained sample holder
| Number of groups | Cemented carbide sample net weight (g) | Weighing phenolic resin mass (g) | Height of the inlaid sample base (mm) |
| Blank space | 0 | 50.00 | 18.56 |
| 1 | 210.93 | 54.00 | 27.56 |
| 2 | 215.39 | 53.50 | 27.40 |
| 3 | 182.84 | 55.00 | 27.10 |
| 4 | 88.15 | 75.00 | 31.00 |
| 5 | 226.53 | 48.25 | 26.14 |
| 6 | 195.28 | 51.25 | 26.07 |
| 7 | 131.85 | 57.36 | 26.02 |
| 8 | 119.73 | 58.53 | 26.04 |
| 9 | 186.30 | 51.08 | 25.68 |
| 10 | 142.53 | 53.10 | 24.80 |
Calculating a constant average coefficient K according to the above 10 groups of datab：
K1:(27.56-54.00×0.3712)/210.93＝0.03563
K2:(27.40-53.50×0.3712)/215.39＝0.03501
K3:(27.10-55.00×0.3712)/182.84＝0.03656
K4:(31.00-75.00×0.3712)/88.15＝0.03585
K5:(26.14-48.25×0.3712)/226.53＝0.03633
K6:(26.07-51.25×0.3712)/195.28＝0.03608
K7:(26.02-57.36×0.3712)/131.85＝0.03586
K8:(26.04-58.53×0.3712)/119.73＝0.03603
K9:(25.68-51.08×0.3712)/186.30＝0.03607
K10:(24.80-53.10×0.3712)/142.53＝0.03571
Kb＝0.03563+0.03501+0.03656+0.03585+0.03633+0.03608+0.03586+0.03603+0.03607+0.0 3571)/10＝0.0359
3. Estimating the height of the sample seat to be measured obtained by inlaying according to the height of the cemented carbide to be measured (for example, the height of the sample seat inlaid in the 1 st group in the step 2 can be taken as a reference), wherein the estimation formula of the phenolic resin required by inlaying is as follows:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka
wherein M is the mass of the needed phenolic resin and the unit g;
Mbthe total net weight in g of the cemented carbide in the sample holder to be tested is expected to be obtained;
h is the height of the expected sample seat to be measured, and the unit is mm;
Kathe height-mass ratio of the phenolic resin is 0.3712, unit mm/g;
Kbthe height-mass ratio of the hard alloy is 0.0359, unit mm/g.
4. Formula verification, two groups of workers are respectively adopted to carry out 5 groups of verification experiments, wherein the details are shown in tables 2 and 3, and H is shown in the specificationTheory of the inventionFor the height of the sample holder estimated from the actual height of the sample, HPractice ofThe actual height of the sample holder after mounting.
TABLE 2 verification data of first group of people mosaics
| Ordinal number | Mb(g) | Ma(g) | HTheory of the invention(mm) | HPractice of(mm) | Height difference (mm) |
| 1 | 210.95 | 52.50 | 27.06 | 26.79 | 0.27 |
| 2 | 167.78 | 55.95 | 26.79 | 26.79 | 0 |
| 3 | 170.19 | 55.75 | 26.79 | 26.69 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 217.71 | 51.11 | 26.79 | 26.59 | 0.2 |
| 5 | 202.47 | 52.59 | 26.79 | 26.69 | 0.1 |
TABLE 3 verification data for a second set of people mosaics
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, when the sample to be measured is inlaid, the difference between the actual height and the theoretical height of the sample seat to be measured, which is obtained based on the estimated amount of the phenolic resin, is not greater than 0.3mm, and can even be as low as less than 0.1mm, which indicates that the accuracy of estimating the amount of the phenolic resin by using the above formula is high, and the estimation result is reliable. Therefore, when the inlaying treatment is carried out, the quality of the phenolic resin to be weighed can be deduced according to the actual condition of the hard alloy sample, so that the technical effects of inlaying the samples to be consistent in height, avoiding the waste of cost due to more phenolic resin or damaging the grinding tool due to less phenolic resin are achieved.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts used, comprising:
(1) carrying out embedding treatment on the embedding materials independently so as to obtain a blank sample seat;
(2) calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera；
(3) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with the embedding material and carrying out embedding treatment so as to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as the blank sample seat, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples have different qualities, brands, models, shapes and heights;
(4) binding KaAnd the mass of the insert in each group of hard alloy sample seats, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample seat, and respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n;
(5) calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb；
(6) Based on Ka、KbAnd estimating the consumption of the embedding material when the hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the tesserae is phenolic resin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (3) satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the value of n is not less than 10;
the quality, the brand, the model, the shape and the height of n groups of different hard alloy samples are different;
the materials of n groups of different hard alloy samples are different;
each set of cemented carbide samples independently comprises one or more cemented carbide samples, a plurality of which are the same and/or different.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (6):
when the hard alloy sample to be detected is single, estimating the using amount of the embedding material when the single hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment by using the height of the single hard alloy sample to be detected;
and when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be detected are detected, estimating the consumption of the embedding material when each hard alloy sample to be detected is subjected to embedding treatment or a plurality of hard alloys to be detected are subjected to embedding treatment simultaneously by using the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected with the highest height.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (6), the cross-sectional area of the sample holder to be tested obtained by performing the insert processing on the cemented carbide sample to be tested is the same as that of the blank sample holder.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (6), the height H of the sample holder to be tested obtained by performing the inlaying treatment on the cemented carbide sample to be tested is estimated based on the height of the cemented carbide sample to be tested, and the amount of the inlaying material required for obtaining the sample holder to be tested with the height H is as follows:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka，
wherein M is the mass of the embedding material; mbThe mass of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be measured.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein step (6) satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the height H of the sample seat to be detected refers to the height of the hard alloy sample seat obtained in the step (3);
and (3) the hard alloy sample to be detected is the same as or different from the hard alloy sample in the step (3).
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass of the cemented carbide sample to be tested, the estimated amount of the insert, the amount of the insert during the actual embedding process, and the obtained actual height of the sample holder to be tested are recorded for the average value K in step (5)bAnd (6) correcting.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the damascene process in each step uses the same damascene machine and the same specification of damascene mold.
10. The method of claim 1, comprising:
a) the phenolic resin is separately subjected to an inlaying treatment so as to obtain a blank sample holder, the height H of which is recordedaAnd the mass M of the phenolic resin useda；
b) Calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holdera，Ka＝Ha/Ma；
c) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with the phenolic resin and carrying out inlaying treatment, so that all the hard alloys in each group of hard alloys are inlaid in the same sample seat to obtain n hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as that of the blank sample seat, wherein the n groups of different hard alloy samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights,
record the height H of the 1 st set of cemented carbide sample holders1And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb1Mass M of phenolic resina1；
Record the height H of the group 2 cemented carbide sample holder2And mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderb2Mass M of phenolic resina2；
……
Recording the height H of the n-th group of hard alloy sample seatsnAnd mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holderbnMass M of phenolic resinan；
d) Binding KaAnd the mass M of phenolic resin in each set of cemented carbide sample holdersaiMass M of cemented carbidebiAnd height H of cemented carbide sample holderiAnd respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seats as a referenceiWherein i is a natural number from 1 to n,
K1＝(H1-Ma1·Ka)/Mb1；
K2＝(H2-Ma2·Ka)/Mb2；
……
Kn＝(Hn-Man·Ka)/Mbn；
e) calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seatsiAverage value of (A) Kb，Kb＝(K1+K2+……+Kn)/n；
f) Based on Ka、KbAnd cemented carbide sample to be testedThe height estimation of when inlaying the processing to the carbide sample that awaits measuring the quantity of inlay material, wherein:
the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured is MbThe cross-sectional area of a sample seat to be tested obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is the same as that of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be tested is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be tested and is H, and the mass M of the phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be tested is as follows:
M＝(H-Mb·Kb)/Ka。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011458135.4A CN112781966B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011458135.4A CN112781966B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112781966A true CN112781966A (en) | 2021-05-11 |
| CN112781966B CN112781966B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
Family
ID=75750879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011458135.4A Active CN112781966B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112781966B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103234771A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-07 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Sampling, sample preparation and determination method of high calcium wire |
| CN103411807A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-27 | 同济大学 | Sample preparation method for inorganic nonmetal powder material for backscattered electron image and energy spectrum study |
| CN105928765A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-09-07 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Method for embedding sample into oxidation layer on inner wall of heated surface pipe |
| CN208399239U (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 长安大学 | A kind of vertical vibration compaction test apparatus of measurable height of specimen |
| CN109470543A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-15 | 英利能源（中国）有限公司 | The hot method for embedding of metallographic sample |
| CN110567842A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-13 | 今麦郎面品有限公司 | cereal product measuring method |
| CN110954382A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-03 | 镇江耐丝新型材料有限公司 | Preparation method of solid-liquid multiphase metallographic sample with superfine steel wire cross section |
-
2020
- 2020-12-10 CN CN202011458135.4A patent/CN112781966B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103234771A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-07 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Sampling, sample preparation and determination method of high calcium wire |
| CN103411807A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-27 | 同济大学 | Sample preparation method for inorganic nonmetal powder material for backscattered electron image and energy spectrum study |
| CN105928765A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-09-07 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Method for embedding sample into oxidation layer on inner wall of heated surface pipe |
| CN208399239U (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 长安大学 | A kind of vertical vibration compaction test apparatus of measurable height of specimen |
| CN109470543A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-15 | 英利能源（中国）有限公司 | The hot method for embedding of metallographic sample |
| CN110567842A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-13 | 今麦郎面品有限公司 | cereal product measuring method |
| CN110954382A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-03 | 镇江耐丝新型材料有限公司 | Preparation method of solid-liquid multiphase metallographic sample with superfine steel wire cross section |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 廖诗兰: "硬质合金金相制样方法研究", 中国钨业 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112781966B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2000054007A (en) | Diamond-sintered body and its production | |
| CN110893579B (en) | Honing surface roughness prediction method considering oilstone yielding | |
| CN210678428U (en) | Clamp for finish machining of plane of die | |
| CN101069961B (en) | Re-griding-cutting cube boron-nitride grinding-block device | |
| Tzeng et al. | Finishing effect of abrasive flow machining on micro slit fabricated by wire-EDM | |
| CN112781966B (en) | Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts | |
| CN110919459B (en) | Method for detecting influence of clamping force on machining deformation of thin-wall part | |
| CN113231790B (en) | Method for machining precise square hole of transmission part of servo mechanism | |
| US9486857B2 (en) | Finish-pressed/final-sintered blanking die and method for producing same | |
| CN111781058A (en) | Rock cohesion and internal friction angle testing device and method | |
| Jadria | Study on the parameter optimization inmagnetic abrasive polishing forbrass cuzn33plate using Taguchi method | |
| US20120134758A1 (en) | Precision pressing and sintering of cutting inserts, particularly indexable cutting inserts | |
| CN107175463A (en) | The processing method in roller slide internal shape cavity face | |
| CN102284893B (en) | High-precision permanent magnet seat grinding method | |
| CN113095577A (en) | Formed grinding wheel wear prediction method | |
| CN208833102U (en) | A kind of gap leveling ruler | |
| CN207058376U (en) | The multi-thread emery wheel of combined type of thread forming tap screw grinder | |
| CN111666650B (en) | Cutting parameter and cutter parameter matching method based on mould pressing high silica milling | |
| CN210817556U (en) | Linkage clamping mechanism for multiple magnetic pole iron cores | |
| CN110170802A (en) | A kind of processing method of injection mould runner plate | |
| CN217345885U (en) | Be applied to milling cutter of hypotenuse machine and mill volume gage block in advance | |
| CN211708107U (en) | Processing structure for 3D printing metal piece with internal flow channel | |
| CN213599975U (en) | Gauge is examined to steel backing of adjustable size | |
| CN216759480U (en) | Automatic sample preparation anchor clamps of polishing that grind of PS strip | |
| CN117773108A (en) | Matrix Ni-Cu/diamond composite material for PDC drill bit and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |