CN112781966B - Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts - Google Patents
Method for estimating amount of cemented carbide inserts Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781966B CN112781966B CN202011458135.4A CN202011458135A CN112781966B CN 112781966 B CN112781966 B CN 112781966B CN 202011458135 A CN202011458135 A CN 202011458135A CN 112781966 B CN112781966 B CN 112781966B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating the dosage of a hard alloy inlay material. The method comprises the following steps: the mosaic material is subjected to mosaic treatment to obtain the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a Mixing optional n groups of different hard alloy samples with inserts to obtain multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as that of blank sample seats, combining with K a And calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the cemented carbide in each group of cemented carbide sample seats by the mass of the inlaid material, the mass of the cemented carbide and the height of the cemented carbide sample seats in each group of cemented carbide sample seats i Calculating a plurality of K i Average value K of (2) b Based on K a 、K b And estimating the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, and the amount of the inlaid material when the hard alloy sample to be measured is inlaid. The method is simple, practical, quick, strong in operability and reliable in estimation result, can avoid the waste of inlaid materials, can carry out flat grinding on a plurality of sample seats to be detected with consistent heights, and can reduce the cost on the basis of improving the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a method for estimating the dosage of a hard alloy inlay material.
Background
The performance of the hard alloy is determined by the composition and structure of the hard alloy, and after the composition of the alloy is determined, the quality of the alloy performance and the service life are mainly determined by the internal structure of the alloy. The main defects of the internal structure of the alloy are pores, carburization, decarburization, cracks, layering, unpressed, holes, mixing, coarse clamping, coarse crystal aggregation, cobalt pool and the like. Therefore, metallographic analysis is the most important and necessary analysis means of the hard alloy, and the metallographic analysis is carried out on the premise of metallographic sample preparation, wherein the metallographic sample preparation comprises sample treatment and cutting, embedding, rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing, and finally, the requirements of metallographic observation analysis without scratches such as mirror surfaces are met, and each step has strong consistency and importance. The proper amount of mosaic material is selected in the mosaic treatment process, so that the method has very important significance for the utilization rate of raw materials and the efficiency of sample grinding and metallographic analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for estimating the amount of cemented carbide inserts. The method is simple, practical, quick, strong in operability and reliable in estimation result, and can inlay the hard alloy to be measured into the sample seat to be measured which is slightly higher than the hard alloy sample to be measured, so that the effects of avoiding material inlay waste, simultaneously carrying out flat grinding on a plurality of sample seats to be measured with consistent heights, improving the working efficiency, reducing the cost and the like can be achieved.
The invention is mainly based on the following problems:
the inventor finds that the hard alloy is widely applied to important fields such as cutting tools, geological mineral tools, dies (such as a wire drawing die, a cold heading die, a hot extrusion die, a cold extrusion die, a hot forging die wire drawing die), structural parts, wear-resistant parts, high-temperature and high-pressure resistant cavities and the like, so that the number of product marks, types and types of hard alloy production are very large, and when the hard alloy is inlaid, because of different heights of samples, the inlaid sample seats are relatively high, phenolic resin is wasted, the inlaid samples are less to be added, and the samples are higher than the sample seats, so that an upper die of the inlaid machine is damaged, more importantly, if the inlaid samples are different in height, the upper surface grinding machine can only grind one by one, the working efficiency is seriously affected, and how to rapidly inlay metallographic samples of various types is an important premise for metallographic sample preparation.
To this end, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) Performing mosaic treatment on the mosaic material independently so as to obtain a blank sample holder;
(2) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a ；
(3) Optionally mixing n groups of different hard alloy samples with the inlaying materials and performing inlaying treatment on each group of hard alloy samples so as to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as the blank sample seats, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples are different in quality, make-up, model and shape and height;
(4) Combination K a And the mass of the inlaid material, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample holder in each group of hard alloy sample holders, and respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample holders by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample holder as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n;
(5) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b ；
(6) Based on K a 、K b And estimating the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, and the amount of the inlaid material when the hard alloy sample to be measured is inlaid.
The method for estimating the dosage of the hard alloy inserts according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages: 1) Under the condition of different heights, densities, volumes, shapes, masses and the like of the hard alloy samples, the height coefficient, namely K, suitable for various hard alloy samples when the hard alloy samples are inlaid is obtained based on the characteristic that the height-mass ratio of the inlaid materials is the same under the same cross section area b The amount of the inlaying material used when inlaying other identical or different hard alloy samples to be measured is estimated, so that a sample holder to be measured, which is slightly higher than the sample to be measured, can be obtained, the height difference between the inlaid sample holder to be measured and the expected height is reduced to below 0.1mm, and the purposes of avoiding damaging an upper die of an automatic inlaying machine due to the fact that the hard alloy samples are not enough to be exposed by the inlaying material and avoiding the phenomenon that the automatic inlaying machine is damaged are achievedThe effect of avoiding the waste of the mosaic material caused by excessive use of the mosaic material is avoided; 2) When the number of the hard alloy samples to be measured is multiple, each or each group of hard alloy to be measured can be inlaid into a sample seat to be measured, which is slightly higher than the hard alloy sample to be measured with the highest height, wherein the height difference of each inlaid sample seat to be measured can be reduced to below 0.1mm, so that the inlaid sample seats to be measured with the same height can be subjected to flat grinding at the same time, and the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost are achieved; 3) The method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in operability and reliable in estimation result, can improve the working efficiency, can achieve the beneficial effects of reducing the cost and the like, and can be widely applied to metallographic sample preparation of hard alloy.
In addition, the method for estimating the amount of the cemented carbide inserts according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the inlay is a phenolic resin.
In some embodiments of the invention, step (3) satisfies at least one of the following conditions: n is not lower than 10; the quality, the brand, the model, the shape and the height of n groups of different hard alloy samples are all different; n groups of different hard alloy samples are different in material; each set of cemented carbide samples independently comprises one or more cemented carbide samples, respectively, a plurality of said cemented carbide samples being identical and/or different.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (6): when the hard alloy sample to be measured is single, estimating the amount of the mosaic material when the mosaic treatment is carried out on the single hard alloy sample to be measured according to the height of the single hard alloy sample to be measured; when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be measured are provided, the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured with the highest height is used for estimating the amount of the mosaic material when mosaic treatment is carried out on each hard alloy sample to be measured or simultaneously mosaic treatment is carried out on a plurality of hard alloys to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (6), a cross-sectional area of the sample holder to be measured obtained by performing the inlaying process on the cemented carbide sample to be measured is the same as a cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (6), based on the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured, estimating the height H of the sample holder to be measured obtained by performing the inlay processing on the cemented carbide sample to be measured, and obtaining the amount of inlay material required for the sample holder to be measured with the height H is:
M＝(H-M b ·K b )/K a ，
wherein M is the mass of the mosaic material; m is M b And the mass of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be measured is the mass of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be measured.
In some embodiments of the invention, step (6) satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the height H of the sample holder to be measured refers to the height of the hard alloy sample holder obtained in the step (3); the hard alloy sample to be measured is the same as or different from the hard alloy sample in the step (3).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass of the cemented carbide sample to be measured, the estimated amount of mosaic material, the amount of mosaic material during the actual mosaic treatment, the actual height of the sample holder to be measured obtained, and the average value K in step (5) are recorded b And (5) performing correction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the inlay process described in each step employs the same inlay machine and inlay die of the same specification.
In some embodiments of the invention, a method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage includes:
a) The phenolic resin is singly inlaid so as to obtain a blank sample holder, and the height H of the blank sample holder is recorded a And the mass M of the phenolic resin used a ；
b) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a ，K a ＝H a /M a ；
c) Optionally mixing n groups of different cemented carbide samples with the phenolic resin, and inlaying all cemented carbide samples in each group of cemented carbide into the same sample holder so as to obtain n cemented carbide sample holders with the same cross-sectional area as the blank sample holder, wherein the n groups of different cemented carbide samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights,
record the height H of the 1 st group of hard alloy sample holder 1 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b1 Mass M of phenolic resin a1 ；
Record the height H of the 2 nd group of hard alloy sample seats 2 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b2 Mass M of phenolic resin a2 ；
……
Recording the height H of the nth group of hard alloy sample seats n And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder bn Mass M of phenolic resin an ；
d) Combination K a And mass M of phenolic resin in each group of cemented carbide sample holder ai Mass M of cemented carbide bi Height H of cemented carbide sample holder i And respectively calculating the height mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each hard alloy sample holder by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample holder as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n,
K 1 ＝(H 1 -M a1 ·K a )/M b1 ；
K 2 ＝(H 2 -M a2 ·K a )/M b2 ；
……
K n ＝(H n -M an ·K a )/M bn ；
e) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b ，K b ＝(K 1 +K 2 +……+K n )/n；
f) Based on K a 、K b And estimating the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, wherein the amount of the mosaic material is used when the hard alloy sample to be measured is subjected to mosaic treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:
the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured is M b To the instituteThe cross-sectional area of the sample seat to be measured, which is obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured, is the same as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be measured, which is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, is H, and the mass M of phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured is:
M＝(H-M b ·K b )/K a 。
additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a finished view of a plurality of cemented carbides inlaid as a sample holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the insert and cemented carbide in the sample holder as two parts distributed up and down according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage is presented. Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes:
(1) The inlaying material is singly inlaid to obtain a blank sample holder
The inventor finds that when the hard alloy is inlaid, if an inlaid die with the same specification is adopted, the cross-sectional areas of the obtained sample seats (generally cylindrical) are the same; and, when the cross-sectional areas of the sample holders are uniform, the amount of mosaic material can be measured by the height of the mosaic material under the cross-sectional area. For this reason, the inventors contemplate that referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cemented carbide sample holder may be considered as two parts in the height direction, one part being cemented carbide and the other part being a mosaic material, and since the cross-sectional areas of the two parts are identical, the amount of mosaic material in the cemented carbide sample holder may be known only by knowing the height-to-mass ratio of the mosaic material at the cross-sectional area and the height a of the mosaic material; based on the above, if the height coefficient of the cemented carbide (i.e. the height-mass ratio of the cemented carbide) can be obtained, and the mass of the cemented carbide in the sample holder and the height of the sample holder (i.e. a+b, which can be directly measured) are combined, the mass of the insert in the sample holder can be calculated. Therefore, the inventor obtains the blank sample holder by performing the inlaying treatment on the inlaying material in advance, and can obtain the height-mass ratio of the inlaying material under the specific cross-sectional area according to the mass and the height of the blank sample holder and the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder. The cross-sectional area of the sample holder according to the present invention means the area of a cross-section perpendicular to the height direction of the sample holder.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the mosaic material can be phenolic resin, and at present, when metallographic phase sample preparation is carried out, the phenolic resin is generally adopted to perform mosaic treatment on hard alloy, so that the phenolic resin can be singly subjected to mosaic treatment to obtain a blank sample seat formed by the phenolic resin only, and further the height-mass ratio of the phenolic resin under a specific cross section area is obtained. Besides phenolic resin, other mosaic materials capable of metallographic phase sample preparation are also suitable for the estimation method of the invention.
(2) Calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a
According to one embodiment of the invention, the height to mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a Height H of blank sample holder a And the mass M of the phenolic resin used a Ratio of (K) a ＝H a /M a The height to mass ratio is based on the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder.
(3) Optionally selecting n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with an embedding material, and performing embedding treatment so as to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as that of the blank sample seats, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, if the cross-sectional area of the cemented carbide sample holder is the same as that of the blank sample holder, the height to mass ratio K of the mosaic material can be directly utilized a The quality of the inlaid material in the hard alloy sample holder is combined to measure the height A of the inlaid material in the hard alloy sample holder, so that the cross-sectional area conversion of the hard alloy sample holder and the blank sample holder can be omitted, the height B of the hard alloy in the hard alloy sample holder can be directly obtained, and the height coefficients suitable for various hard alloys can be obtained by combining the quality of the hard alloy and analyzing the height-quality ratios of various hard alloys. When each group of hard alloy sample is mixed with the inlaying material and is subjected to inlaying treatment, the height of each hard alloy sample seat, the mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample seat and the mass of phenolic resin are required to be recorded respectively.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the value of n may be not lower than 10, for example, n may be any integer value of 10 to 20 or 10 to 50, and the larger the value of n is, the more accurate the finally obtained height coefficient suitable for a plurality of different cemented carbides is, but conversely, if the value of n is too large, the workload will be too large, and the general height coefficient of cemented carbide is analyzed by selecting a plurality of groups of cemented carbides with different masses, different grades, different models, different shapes and different heights, so that the accuracy of the height coefficient suitable for a plurality of different cemented carbides and the working efficiency can be both considered.
According to a further specific embodiment of the invention, the quality, make, model, shape and height of the n different cemented carbide samples may all be different, whereby the accuracy of the finally obtained cemented carbide height coefficient may be further improved; further, the materials of the n groups of different cemented carbide samples may be different, and preferably the materials of the n groups of different cemented carbide samples are different, so that the universality of the finally obtained cemented carbide height coefficient can be further improved.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, each set of cemented carbide samples may each independently comprise one or more cemented carbide samples, and the plurality of cemented carbide samples may be identical and/or different, and referring to fig. 2, when each set of cemented carbide samples comprises a plurality of identical or different cemented carbide samples, it may be preferable to inlay the plurality of identical or different cemented carbide samples into the same sample holder, whereby not only the accuracy of the final obtained cemented carbide height coefficient may be improved, but also the effort may be reduced.
(4) Combination K a And the mass of the inlaid material, the mass of the hard alloy and the height of the hard alloy sample holder in each group of hard alloy sample holders, and respectively calculating the height-mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample holders by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample holder as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n
According to the embodiment of the invention, taking the example that all samples in each group of cemented carbide samples are inlaid in the same sample holder, the height-to-mass ratio K of cemented carbide in each group of cemented carbide sample holders i The method comprises the following steps of:
according to the record, the height of the hard alloy sample holder of the 1 st group is H 1 The mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample holder is M b1 The mass of the phenolic resin is M a1 Then K is 1 ＝(H 1 -M a1 ·K a )/M b1 ；
According to the record, the height of the group 2 hard alloy sample holder is H 2 The mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample holder is M b2 The mass of the phenolic resin is M a2 Then K is 2 ＝(H 2 -M a2 ·K a )/M b2 ；
……
According to the record, the height of the nth group of hard alloy sample seats is H n The mass of the hard alloy sample in the hard alloy sample holder is M bn The mass of the phenolic resin is M an Then K is n ＝(H n -M an ·K a )/M bn ；
(5) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b
According to an embodiment of the present invention, K can be found 1 、K 2 ……K n Average value K of (2) b As a height coefficient applicable to a plurality of different cemented carbides, the mass of the phenolic resin required for the sample holder to be measured, which is expected to be obtained, is estimated by combining the mass of the cemented carbide, the height of the sample holder to be obtained, and the height-mass ratio of the phenolic resin, wherein,
K b ＝(K 1 +K 2 +……+K n )/n。
(6) Based on K a 、K b And the amount of inlaying material used when inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured
According to one embodiment of the invention, the cross-sectional area of the sample holder to be measured obtained by inlaying the cemented carbide sample to be measured is preferably the same as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample holder, in which case K can be used a 、K b The method is directly used for estimating the amount of the mosaic material when the hard alloy to be detected is subjected to mosaic treatment, and conversion of unit area is not needed. Specifically, the height H of the sample holder to be measured, which is expected to be obtained by inlaying the cemented carbide sample to be measured, can be estimated based on the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured, and the amount M of the inlay material required for obtaining the sample holder to be measured with the height H is:
M＝(H-M b ·K b )/K a ，
wherein M is b The mass of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be tested is (all) that is. The height difference between each inlaid sample seat and the expected sample seat can be reduced to below 0.1mm by adopting the formula.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, when the cemented carbide sample to be measured is single, the amount of the mosaic material used in the mosaic treatment of the single cemented carbide sample to be measured can be estimated according to the height of the single cemented carbide sample to be measured, so that the finally obtained sample holder is a little higher than the sample, thereby not only avoiding insufficient mosaic material, but also avoiding waste of mosaic material; when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be measured are adopted, the use amount of the mosaic material when each or each group of hard alloy samples to be measured are subjected to mosaic treatment can be estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured with the highest height, so that even if the height, density, volume, shape and quality of the hard alloy samples are different, the height difference of each mosaic sample seat can be reduced to below 0.1mm through the calculation of the formula, the utilization rate of the mosaic material can be improved, and the mosaic sample seats with the same height can be subjected to flat grinding simultaneously, so that the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost can be achieved.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, when the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured is not greater than the maximum height of the cemented carbide sample used in step (3), the amount of the insert used in the insert treatment of the cemented carbide sample to be measured may be estimated with reference to the height of the sample holder of the cemented carbide closest to the height of the cemented carbide sample to be measured in step (3).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cemented carbide sample to be measured and the cemented carbide sample in step (3) may be the same or different, and even if the cemented carbide sample to be measured and the cemented carbide sample in step (3) are different in material, quality, make, model, shape and height, the above formula may be used for estimation.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured, the estimated amount of the mosaic material, the amount of the mosaic material in the actual mosaic treatment process, the actual height of the obtained sample holder to be measured, and the measured value of K b The correction is performed, so that the accuracy and the universality of the height coefficient applicable to various different hard alloys can be further improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inlaying process in each step may be performed using the same inlaying machine and the same specification of the inlay die, whereby the accuracy of the estimation result may be further improved.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage may include: a) Phenolic aldehyde pair aloneThe resin is inlaid so as to obtain a blank sample holder, and the height H of the blank sample holder is recorded a And the mass M of the phenolic resin used a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the b) Calculating the height-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a ，K a ＝H a /M a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the c) Optionally mixing n groups of different hard alloy samples, respectively mixing each group of hard alloy samples with phenolic resin, performing mosaic treatment, and mosaic all hard alloys in each group of hard alloys into the same sample holder so as to obtain n hard alloy sample holders with the same cross section area as that of a blank sample holder, wherein the n groups of different hard alloy samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights, and the height H of the 1 st group of hard alloy sample holders is recorded 1 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b1 Mass M of phenolic resin a1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Record the height H of the 2 nd group of hard alloy sample seats 2 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b2 Mass M of phenolic resin a2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the … … record the height H of the nth group of cemented carbide sample holders n And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder bn Mass M of phenolic resin an The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the d) Combination K a And mass M of phenolic resin in each group of cemented carbide sample holder ai Mass M of cemented carbide bi Height H of cemented carbide sample holder i And the height mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats is calculated by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n, K 1 ＝(H 1 -M a1 ·K a )/M b1 ； K 2 ＝(H 2 -M a2 ·K a )/M b2 ；……K n ＝(H n -M an ·K a )/M bn The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the e) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b ，K b ＝(K 1 +K 2 +……+K n ) N; f) Based on K a 、K b And the height estimation of the hard alloy sample to be measured is carried out to inlay the hard alloy sample to be measuredThe amount of the inlaid material during the treatment is M b The cross-sectional area of the sample seat to be detected, which is obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be detected, is the same as the cross-sectional area of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be detected, which is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be detected, is H, and the mass M of phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be detected is: m= (H-M) b ·K b )/K a 。
In summary, the method for estimating the amount of the cemented carbide inserts according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) Under the condition of different heights, densities, volumes, shapes, masses and the like of the hard alloy samples, the height coefficient, namely K, suitable for various hard alloy samples when the hard alloy samples are inlaid is obtained based on the characteristic that the height-mass ratio of the inlaid materials is the same under the same cross section area b The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of calculating the amount of inlaying materials when inlaying other identical or different hard alloy samples to be measured, so that a sample holder to be measured, which is slightly higher than the sample to be measured, of the hard alloy to be measured can be obtained, the height difference between the inlaid sample holder to be measured and the expected height is lower than 0.1mm, and the effects of avoiding the damage to an upper die of an automatic inlaying machine caused by the fact that the hard alloy samples are exposed due to insufficient inlaying materials and avoiding the waste of the inlaying materials caused by excessive use of the inlaying materials are achieved; 2) When the number of the hard alloy samples to be measured is multiple, each or each group of hard alloy to be measured can be inlaid into a sample seat to be measured, which is slightly higher than the hard alloy sample to be measured with the highest height, wherein the height difference of each inlaid sample seat to be measured can be reduced to below 0.1mm, so that the inlaid sample seats to be measured with the same height can be subjected to flat grinding at the same time, and the effects of improving the working efficiency and reducing the cost are achieved; 3) The method is simple, practical, rapid, strong in operability and reliable in estimation result, can improve the working efficiency, can achieve the beneficial effects of reducing the cost and the like, and can be widely applied to metallographic sample preparation of hard alloy; 4) The formula for estimating the amount of the embedded material of the hard alloy is provided, and the embedded treatment of the hard alloy to be tested can be estimated more intuitively by adopting the formulaThe amount of the mosaic material is used.
The scheme of the present invention will be explained below with reference to examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples are not to be construed as limiting the specific techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or as per the specifications of the product. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
1. Weighing 50 g of phenolic resin, embedding in an embedding machine without any hard alloy sample, measuring the height of the blank sample to be 18.56mm,
high mass ratio of phenolic resin K a ＝18.56mm÷50g＝0.3712mm/g
2. Optionally, embedding 10 groups of hard alloy samples with different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights, wherein the mass of each group of hard alloy, the mass of phenolic resin and the heights of the obtained sample seats are shown in Table 1:
table 1 mass of cemented carbide, mass of phenolic resin and height of sample holder obtained
| Group number | Hard alloy sample net weight (g) | Weighing phenolic resin mass (g) | Height of embedded sample holder (, mm) |
| Blank space | 0 | 50.00 | 18.56 |
| 1 | 210.93 | 54.00 | 27.56 |
| 2 | 215.39 | 53.50 | 27.40 |
| 3 | 182.84 | 55.00 | 27.10 |
| 4 | 88.15 | 75.00 | 31.00 |
| 5 | 226.53 | 48.25 | 26.14 |
| 6 | 195.28 | 51.25 | 26.07 |
| 7 | 131.85 | 57.36 | 26.02 |
| 8 | 119.73 | 58.53 | 26.04 |
| 9 | 186.30 | 51.08 | 25.68 |
| 10 | 142.53 | 53.10 | 24.80 |
Calculating a constant average coefficient K from the above 10 groups of data b ：
K 1 :(27.56-54.00×0.3712)/210.93＝0.03563
K 2 :(27.40-53.50×0.3712)/215.39＝0.03501
K 3 :(27.10-55.00×0.3712)/182.84＝0.03656
K 4 :(31.00-75.00×0.3712)/88.15＝0.03585
K 5 :(26.14-48.25×0.3712)/226.53＝0.03633
K 6 :(26.07-51.25×0.3712)/195.28＝0.03608
K 7 :(26.02-57.36×0.3712)/131.85＝0.03586
K 8 :(26.04-58.53×0.3712)/119.73＝0.03603
K 9 :(25.68-51.08×0.3712)/186.30＝0.03607
K 10 :(24.80-53.10×0.3712)/142.53＝0.03571
K b ＝0.03563+0.03501+0.03656+0.03585+0.03633+0.03608+0.03586+0.03603+0.03607+0.0 3571)/10＝0.0359
3. The height of the sample holder to be measured (for example, the height of the sample holder inlaid in the 1 st group in the step 2 can be taken as a reference) is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy to be measured, wherein the estimation formula of the phenolic resin required for inlaying is as follows:
M＝(H-M b ·K b )/K a
wherein M is the mass of the required phenolic resin, and the unit g;
M b the unit g is the total net weight of the hard alloy in the sample holder to be measured which is expected to be obtained;
h is the height of the sample seat to be measured, which is expected to be obtained, and the unit is mm;
K a the high mass ratio of the phenolic resin is 0.3712, and the unit is mm/g;
K b the high quality ratio of the hard alloy is 0.0359, the unit mm/g.
4. Formula verification, respectively adopting two groups of staff to respectively perform 5 groups of verification experiments, wherein, details are shown in table 2 and table 3, wherein H Theory of To estimate the sample seat height based on the actual height of the sample, H Actual practice is that of Is the actual height of the sample holder after embedding.
TABLE 2 authentication data for first group person mosaic
| Ordinal number | M b (g) | M a (g) | H Theory of (mm) | H Actual practice is that of (mm) | Height difference (mm)) |
| 1 | 210.95 | 52.50 | 27.06 | 26.79 | 0.27 |
| 2 | 167.78 | 55.95 | 26.79 | 26.79 | 0 |
| 3 | 170.19 | 55.75 | 26.79 | 26.69 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 217.71 | 51.11 | 26.79 | 26.59 | 0.2 |
| 5 | 202.47 | 52.59 | 26.79 | 26.69 | 0.1 |
TABLE 3 verification data for a second group of people mosaics
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, when the samples to be measured are inlaid, the difference between the actual height and the theoretical height of the sample holder to be measured, which is obtained based on the estimated using amount of the phenolic resin, is not more than 0.3mm, and even can be as low as below 0.1mm, so that it can be demonstrated that the accuracy of estimating the using amount of the phenolic resin by adopting the formula is higher, and the estimation result is reliable. Therefore, when the embedding treatment is carried out, the quality of the phenolic resin to be weighed can be deduced according to the actual condition of the hard alloy sample, so that the technical effects of embedding the sample to be consistent in height, avoiding the waste of cost caused by more phenolic resins or supporting the grinding tool caused by less phenolic resins and the like are achieved.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of estimating cemented carbide insert usage, comprising:
(1) Performing mosaic treatment on the mosaic material independently so as to obtain a blank sample holder;
(2) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a ；
(3) Optionally mixing n groups of different hard alloy samples with the inlaying materials and performing inlaying treatment on each group of hard alloy samples so as to obtain a plurality of groups of hard alloy sample seats with the same cross section area as the blank sample seats, wherein the plurality of groups of different hard alloy samples are different in quality, make-up, model and shape and height;
(4) Combination K a And mass M of mosaic material in each group of hard alloy sample seats ai Mass M of cemented carbide bi Height H of cemented carbide sample holder i And respectively calculating the height mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n, wherein:
K 1 =（H 1 -M a1 ·K a ）/M b1 ；
K 2 =（H 2 -M a2 ·K a ）/M b2 ；
……
K n =（H n -M an ·K a ）/M bn ；
(5) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b ；
(6) Based on K a 、K b And estimating the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, wherein the amount of the mosaic material is used when the hard alloy sample to be measured is subjected to mosaic treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:
the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measuredIs M b The cross section area of the sample seat to be measured, which is obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured, is the same as the cross section area of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be measured, which is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, is H, and the mass M of phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured is:
M=（H-M b ·K b ）/K a 。
2. the method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the inlay is a phenolic resin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (3) satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
n is not lower than 10;
the quality, the brand, the model, the shape and the height of n groups of different hard alloy samples are all different;
n groups of different hard alloy samples are different in material;
each set of cemented carbide samples independently comprises one or more cemented carbide samples, respectively, a plurality of said cemented carbide samples being identical and/or different.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (6):
when the hard alloy sample to be measured is single, estimating the amount of the mosaic material when the mosaic treatment is carried out on the single hard alloy sample to be measured according to the height of the single hard alloy sample to be measured;
when a plurality of hard alloy samples to be measured are provided, the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured with the highest height is used for estimating the amount of the mosaic material when mosaic treatment is carried out on each hard alloy sample to be measured or simultaneously mosaic treatment is carried out on a plurality of hard alloys to be measured.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step (6) satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the height H of the sample holder to be measured refers to the height of the hard alloy sample holder obtained in the step (3);
the hard alloy sample to be measured is the same as or different from the hard alloy sample in the step (3).
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the cemented carbide sample to be measured, the estimated amount of the mosaic material, the amount of mosaic material during the actual mosaic treatment, the actual height of the sample holder to be measured obtained, is recorded for the average value K in step (5) b And (5) performing correction.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the inlay process in each step uses the same inlay machine and the same specification inlay mold.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:
a) The phenolic resin is singly inlaid so as to obtain a blank sample holder, and the height H of the blank sample holder is recorded a And the mass M of the phenolic resin used a ；
b) Calculating the height-to-mass ratio K of the blank sample holder a ，K a =H a /M a ；
c) Optionally mixing n groups of different cemented carbide samples with the phenolic resin, and inlaying all cemented carbide samples in each group of cemented carbide into the same sample holder so as to obtain n cemented carbide sample holders with the same cross-sectional area as the blank sample holder, wherein the n groups of different cemented carbide samples have different masses, different brands, different models, different shapes and different heights,
record the height H of the 1 st group of hard alloy sample holder 1 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b1 Mass M of phenolic resin a1 ；
RecordingHeight H of group 2 cemented carbide sample holder 2 And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder b2 Mass M of phenolic resin a2 ；
……
Recording the height H of the nth group of hard alloy sample seats n And the mass M of the cemented carbide sample in the cemented carbide sample holder bn Mass M of phenolic resin an ；
d) Combination K a And mass M of phenolic resin in each group of cemented carbide sample holder ai Mass M of cemented carbide bi Height H of cemented carbide sample holder i And respectively calculating the height mass ratio K of the hard alloy in each group of hard alloy sample seats by taking the cross section area of the hard alloy sample seat as a reference i Wherein i is a natural number from 1 to n,
K 1 =（H 1 -M a1 ·K a ）/M b1 ；
K 2 =（H 2 -M a2 ·K a ）/M b2 ；
……
K n =（H n -M an ·K a ）/M bn ；
e) Calculating K in multiple groups of hard alloy sample seats i Average value K of (2) b ，K b =（K 1 +K 2 +……+K n ）/n；
f) Based on K a 、K b And estimating the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, wherein the amount of the mosaic material is used when the hard alloy sample to be measured is subjected to mosaic treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:
the mass of the hard alloy sample to be measured is M b The cross section area of the sample seat to be measured, which is obtained by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured, is the same as the cross section area of the blank sample seat, the height of the sample seat to be measured, which is estimated according to the height of the hard alloy sample to be measured, is H, and the mass M of phenolic resin required by inlaying the hard alloy sample to be measured is:
M=（H-M b ·K b ）/K a 。
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