CN112775442B - Powder supplementing and spreading system for large-size selective laser melting equipment and control method thereof - Google Patents
Powder supplementing and spreading system for large-size selective laser melting equipment and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112775442B CN112775442B CN202011570803.2A CN202011570803A CN112775442B CN 112775442 B CN112775442 B CN 112775442B CN 202011570803 A CN202011570803 A CN 202011570803A CN 112775442 B CN112775442 B CN 112775442B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides a powder supplementing and spreading system for large-size laser selective melting equipment and a control method thereof. A second powder supply system is also arranged between the first powder supply system and the forming control system, the first powder supply system is in a gas replacement or powder supplement state, and the second powder supply system is arranged to operate in a powder feeding state, feed powder to the forming chamber and spread the powder by the powder spreading system; the second powder supply system is also arranged to supplement powder by powder paving and powder recycling of the powder paving system when the first powder supply system is in a powder feeding state. According to the invention, through the arrangement and the matching of the main powder supply system and the auxiliary powder supply system, the problems that metal powder can be uniformly laid by large-size selective laser melting equipment in the process of printing parts, and powder can be supplemented in the powder supply cylinder without pausing printing are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding additive manufacturing, in particular to a powder supplementing and spreading system for large-size selective laser melting equipment and a control method thereof.
Background
As a common technical means of additive manufacturing, the selective laser melting technology has attracted extensive attention in fields such as aerospace, automobiles, molds, medical treatment, and the like, and gradually starts to be applied to promote development of large-size selective laser melting equipment for various additive manufacturing equipment manufacturers.
For large-size selective laser melting equipment, a large amount of metal powder needs to be added into the equipment when large-size parts are printed, so that how to supplement the metal powder and realize uniform powder spreading in the printing process becomes one of the key factors for maintaining stable work of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention aims to provide a powder supplementing and spreading system and a control method for a large-size laser selective melting device, wherein when the amount of metal powder in a main powder supply cylinder is insufficient, a second powder supply system can be used for assisting powder supply, and an automatic powder supplementing function is realized on the premise of not suspending printing, so that the printing quality of large-size parts is ensured, and the printing efficiency is improved.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-sized selective laser melting apparatus, comprising:
the powder supplementing system is provided with a powder supplementing cylinder, a powder dropping channel of the powder supplementing cylinder, and a protective gas inlet channel, wherein the powder dropping channel is communicated with the powder supplementing cylinder and has a certain downward inclined direction, and the protective gas inlet channel is communicated with the powder supplementing cylinder;
the molding bin is connected with the powder supplementing system;
the powder limiting device is arranged in the forming chamber and communicated with the powder supplementing system from the top of the forming chamber, and is used for limiting a falling path of powder falling into the forming chamber from the powder supplementing system;
the powder spreading system is arranged at the bottom of the forming bin and used for spreading powder to the forming bin according to the set powder supply amount;
the forming control system is provided with a substrate, is arranged in the forming cabin and can be driven to move in a stepping mode in the vertical direction at a set height, so that the powder paving system can pave powder on the substrate layer by layer; and
at least one powder recovery system disposed within the molding chamber;
a second powder supply system is arranged between the first powder supply system and the forming control system, and is set to operate in a powder feeding state under the condition that the first powder supply system is in a gas replacement or powder supplement state, namely powder is fed to the forming bin through movement in the vertical direction and is spread by the powder spreading system; and is
The second powder supply system is also arranged to supplement powder by powder paving and powder recycling of the powder paving system when the first powder supply system is in a powder feeding state.
Preferably, the direction of the powder paving system from the first powder supply system to the substrate of the molding control system is set as a first direction, and the powder recovery system is arranged at the edge of the molding control system and/or at the edge of the first powder supply system opposite to the first direction along the first direction in the molding chamber.
Preferably, the first powder supply system is located directly below the powder restricting device.
Preferably, the powder limiting device is arranged to be movable along a vertical direction so that the lower part of the powder limiting device is connected with the first powder supply system, and a closed communication space is formed between the inner cavity of the powder limiting device and the first powder supply system.
Preferably, at least one side wall of the powder confinement device is provided with a pressure discharge port.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the powder limiting device is provided with a screen through which the powder can pass.
Preferably, the periphery of the bottom of the powder limiting device is provided with a sealing strip.
Preferably, the bottom of the powder confinement device is provided with a sensing device for detecting the volume of powder within the powder confinement device.
Preferably, the powder restriction device is of a nested cylindrical configuration and is drivable in a vertical direction towards or away from the first powder supply system.
Preferably, the powder spreading system has a first zero point position and a second zero point position, and the second zero point position is set in a second direction opposite to the direction of the powder spreading movement of the powder spreading system from the first powder supply system to the substrate of the molding control system, and the first zero point position is an initial position of the printing system and is located at the position of the powder recovery system along the second direction; the second zero point position is located between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system.
Preferably, a powder falling control valve for controlling the powder falling of the powder supplementing cylinder is arranged in the powder falling channel of the powder supplementing cylinder.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder supplementing and spreading control method for a selective laser melting apparatus, the powder supplementing and spreading control method including the steps of:
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a gas replacement state, the powder spreading system moves to a position between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system, then the powder limiting device is controlled to move to a lower limiting position and is in butt joint with the first powder supply system, and powder in the powder supplementing cylinder is supplemented into the first powder supply system under the gravity and the blowing force of protective gas;
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a normal printing state, the powder limiting device is controlled to be maintained at an upper limiting position, the first powder supply system moves in a stepping mode at a set height, the powder paving system moves in a first direction to pave powder on the substrate layer by layer, powder above the first powder supply system is uniformly paved above the substrate, and then the substrate is moved back to a rear powder recovery system; scanning powder above the substrate by a laser beam according to a program to form a current printing layer, and spreading and printing the powder layer by layer according to the powder spreading mode until the printing of the part is finished; in the powder paving and powder recycling processes, supplementing powder to the second powder supply system;
when the powder in the first powder supply system is detected to be insufficient in the printing process, the selective laser melting equipment enters a powder supplementing state; spread the initial point position adjustment of powder system to between first confession powder system and the second confession powder system, powder limiting device controlled movement spacing down and with first confession powder system butt joint, the powder in the tonifying qi jar is supplyed to first confession powder system to at the tonifying qi in-process, supply powder by the second confession powder system, and by spread the powder system and supply the powder of powder system top to the base plate top with the second evenly spread, in order to carry out incessant printing.
Preferably, in the gas replacement stage and the powder supplement stage, in the powder supplement process of the first powder supplement system by the powder supplement cylinder, the protective gas enters the forming chamber through the pressure discharge port of the powder limiting device to accelerate gas replacement.
Preferably, the control method further includes the processing of:
and after the powder supplement of the first powder supply system is finished, the selective laser melting equipment exits the powder supplement state, recovers the state of supplying powder to the substrate by the first powder supply system, and controls the powder paving system to recover to the first zero position.
Therefore, through the powder supplementing and spreading control of the invention, the problems that the large-size selective laser melting equipment can uniformly spread metal powder in the process of printing parts and can supplement the powder in the powder supply cylinder without pausing the printing are effectively solved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a normal printing state, the original point position of the powder spreading system is positioned above the rear powder receiving cylinder, and the metal powder in the main powder supply cylinder is used for meeting the requirement of printing; when the selective laser melting equipment is in a gas replacement or powder supplement state, the original point position of the powder paving system is positioned between the main powder supply system and the auxiliary powder supply system; and when the main powder system that supplies appears in the printing process when powder is about to be not enough, supplementary powder system that supplies provides metal powder for printing the in-process, realize the effect of incessant printing, and after main powder system that supplies mends the powder, resume main powder system that supplies and provide the effect of printing required metal powder, and supplementary powder system that supplies then resumes the powder stage of continuation, therefore, can reach on the one hand under the prerequisite of not pausing printing, realize the function of automatic mend powder, thereby guarantee the printing quality of jumbo size part and improve printing efficiency, on the other hand, the automatic powder of supplanting of supplying the powder system to supplementary at the printing in-process of realizing.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent. Additionally, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered a part of the presently disclosed subject matter.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-size selective laser melting device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the selective laser melting apparatus of the present invention in a gas replacement state
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the laser selective melting apparatus of the present invention in a normal printing state
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first powder supply system (main powder supply system) of the selective laser melting device of the present invention in a powder supplementing state.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is as follows:
1-external powder supplementing cylinder lifting system; 2-powder adding channel of powder supplementing cylinder; 3-a first powder falling valve; 4-powder supplement cylinder; 5-metal powder; 6-protective gas inlet channel; 7-gas inlet valve; 8-a second powder falling valve (i.e. a powder falling control valve); 9-pressure discharge port; 10-a powder confinement device; 11-a level sensor; 12-a powder spreading system; 14-a first powder supply system (i.e. a main powder supply cylinder system); 15-a second powder supply system (i.e. an auxiliary powder supply cylinder system); 13-rear powder collecting cylinder; 17-front powder collecting cylinder; 16-the forming control system (i.e. the forming cylinder system); 18-a forming chamber; 19-powder falling channel of powder supplementing cylinder; 20-a laser beam; 21-shaped part
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily intended to encompass all aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.
The powder supplementing and spreading system for the large-size selective laser melting equipment in combination with the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a powder supplementing system, a forming bin, a first powder supplying system, a second powder supplying system, a forming control system, a spreading system and a powder recycling system.
The first powder supply system is used as a main powder supply system, is also called as a main powder supply cylinder system, is provided with an electric cylinder which can move up and down, and during the powder paving process of normal printing, moves upwards at a set lifting height (namely a stepping height and can be determined according to the powder supply amount of each layer of cladding layer required by a printed part) to supply powder into the forming bin; and scanning the powder above the substrate by the laser beam above according to a program to form a current printing layer, and spreading and printing layer by layer according to the powder spreading mode until the printing of the part is finished.
The second powder supply system is also referred to as an auxiliary powder supply system, and is an electric cylinder which is similarly movable up and down. When the powder volume of first confession powder system is not enough during the purpose of second confession powder system, for example, the position of accessible electronic jar detects and feeds back, thereby control laser election district melting equipment and get into the benefit powder state, for incessant printing process this moment, then control supplies powder to the base plate through the second confession powder system, the zero point position of shop's powder system is adjusted to the second and supplies the position between powder system and the first confession powder system this moment, as second zero point position, so that at the in-process of supplying powder system to first confession powder, let the passageway of mending powder, do not influence shop's powder process, guarantee the continuation and the high efficiency of printing.
And after the powder supplementing of the first powder supply system is finished, the powder supply of the first powder supply system is recovered, and the zero position of the powder paving system is recovered to the first zero position.
It should be understood that the second powder supply system, in the embodiment of the present invention, as an auxiliary powder supply system, has at least two states, in the first state, the second powder supply system is replenished with powder during the powder paving and powder recovery process by using the first powder supply system, and particularly, the electric cylinder of the second powder supply system is driven to move downwards, so that the surplus metal powder is supplemented into the powder supply channel (or the accommodating cavity) of the second powder supply system during the powder recovery process, and the powder replenishment is realized.
Simultaneously, the second supplies the powder system still to have the second state, and when the weight of first confession powder system was not enough and got into the benefit powder state promptly, the second supplies the powder system to get into and supplies the powder state, as the replenishment of first confession powder system to can supply the powder system to make first confession powder system can't supply powder when spreading the powder to first confession powder system at the benefit powder jar, supply the powder system to carry out the powder and print the operation in succession through the second, improve the efficiency of printing.
Meanwhile, with the configuration of the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system of the foregoing embodiment, when the first powder supply system is in a normal printing and gas replacement state, the powder spreading system is in the first zero point position, and when the first powder supply system is in a powder supplement state, the powder spreading system is in the second zero point position.
The direction of the powder spreading system from the first powder supply system to the substrate powder spreading movement of the forming control system is set as a first direction, and the direction of the powder spreading system from the first powder supply system to the substrate powder spreading movement of the forming control system is set as a second direction. The first powder supply system in the molding chamber is provided with a first powder recovery system at a position extending along the second direction, and for convenience of description, the first powder supply system is also defined as a rear powder recovery system in the embodiment of the present invention. The first zero point position is an initial position of the printing system and is located along the powder recovery system in the second direction.
Preferably, the molding control system in the molding chamber is provided with a second powder recovery system at a position extending along the first direction, which is also defined as a front powder recovery system in the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description. The second zero point position is located between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system. Especially at a predetermined distance from the second powder supply system.
In an optional embodiment, in combination with the configurations of the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system of the foregoing embodiment, the first powder recovery system and the first powder supply system operate in cooperation, that is, when the first powder supply system is in a powder supply state, the powder paving system returns to the first zero point position after uniformly paving powder, and in the process, the powder is supplemented to the second powder supply system and metal powder is recovered through the first powder recovery system. The second powder recovery system and the second powder recovery system run in a matched mode, namely when the second powder supply system is in a powder supply state, the powder paving system returns to a second zero position after powder is evenly paved, and metal powder is recovered through the second powder recovery system in the process.
Exemplary operations of the various systems to carry out the dusting and replenishing processes of the present invention are described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the schematic structure of the exemplary powder laying and replenishing system shown in fig. 1, the replenishing system is located outside the molding chamber 18 for replenishing the powder to the first powder supply system 14 in the molding chamber. The forming chamber 18 is connected to a powder replenishment system.
With reference to the example shown in fig. 1-4, the powder replenishment system includes a powder replenishment cylinder 4, a powder replenishment cylinder powder falling passage 10 communicating with the powder replenishment cylinder 4 and having a certain downward inclination direction, and a shielding gas inlet passage 6 communicating with the powder replenishment cylinder 4.
With reference to fig. 1, the powder supplementing system further includes an external powder supplementing cylinder lifting system 1 connected to the powder supplementing cylinder 4 from above, and is implemented by a linear motion mechanism in the vertical direction, and is used for driving the powder supplementing cylinder to move up and down in the vertical direction.
The powder supplementing system further comprises a powder supplementing cylinder powder adding channel 2 communicated with the powder supplementing cylinder 4 and a first powder falling valve 3 arranged in the powder supplementing cylinder powder adding channel 2, an electric or electromagnetic valve can be adopted, the opening and closing of the powder supplementing cylinder powder adding channel is controlled manually or automatically, metal powder is supplemented into the powder supplementing cylinder through an external powder tank, meanwhile, the external air is prevented from entering the powder supplementing cylinder 4, and the oxidation and other quality problems of the powder are avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, the powder replenishing system is further provided with a protective gas inlet passage 6 for providing a passage for protective gas (such as inert gas) to enter the powder replenishing cylinder, and for introducing inert gas, for example, to accelerate the powder replenishing speed. Preferably, a gas inlet valve 7 is also provided in the shielding gas inlet channel 6 for controlling the inlet and/or flow of shielding gas. Optionally, the gas inlet valve 7 may be a gas control valve such as an electromagnetic valve, and the gas inlet may be controllably controlled. For example, the powder feeding system is opened during powder feeding, so that the metal powder 5 in the powder feeding tank 4 is fed to the first powder feeding system 14 through the powder feeding cylinder dropping channel 19 under the gravity and the protective gas blowing force.
Optionally, a second powder falling valve 8, that is, a powder falling control valve, is further disposed in the powder falling channel 19 of the powder supplementing cylinder, and an electromagnetic valve or other control valves may be used to open the powder supplementing cylinder during powder supplementing through external control (for example, air cylinder, electromagnetic control, etc.), so as to supplement the powder into the first powder supplying system 14.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a powder restricting device 10 is provided inside the molding chamber 4 and at a position communicating with the powder replenishing system from the top of the molding chamber, and the powder restricting device 10 is provided to restrict a dropping path of the powder falling from the powder replenishing system into the molding chamber 18. Since the forming chamber usually has a relatively large size, in order to prevent the powder from scattering and lifting when falling, in the embodiment of the present invention, the powder limiting device 10 is arranged to restrict and limit the falling path and trajectory of the powder to the passage formed by the powder limiting device 10 communicating with the first powder supply system below.
Preferably, the powder restraining device 10 is of a nested cylindrical configuration and is drivable in a vertical direction towards or away from the first powder supply system. In some embodiments, the powder restricting device 10 is configured with a driving mechanism, such as a motor, to drive it to move toward the first powder supply system 14 and determine a lower limit position when it moves to a position combined with the first powder supply system 14, the powder restricting device 10 is in communication with the first powder supply system 14, and the falling powder can be restricted from falling into the first powder supply system by the falling path.
Preferably, the first powder supply system 14 is located right below the powder limiting device, so that when the powder limiting device 10 moves along the vertical direction, the two are directly connected, and a closed communication space is formed between the inner cavity of the powder limiting device and the first powder supply system to serve as a path passage for powder supplement.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the powder confinement device 10 is provided with a screen through which the powder can pass, the aperture of the screen being selectively adapted to the path of the metal powder. In an alternative example, a screen with 4mm holes is uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the powder limiting device, so that the functions of uniformly supplementing powder, reducing dust and preventing impurities from entering a powder supply cylinder system are achieved.
Preferably, the periphery of the bottom of the powder limiting device 10 may be further provided with a sealing strip, for example, a rubber sealing strip is assembled around the periphery of the bottom, so as to prevent the dust in the forming chamber from increasing during the powder supplementing process, and prevent the bottom surface of the powder limiting device from impacting the surface of the platform of the forming chamber.
In an optional embodiment, the powder limiting device 10 can be driven by a motor to move up and down, when powder is supplemented, the powder limiting device moves to a lower limit, namely a rubber sealing strip on the bottom surface of the powder limiting device 10 is in contact with the surface of a platform of a forming bin, and when the powder is not supplemented, the powder limiting device moves to an upper limit, namely a position higher than a powder laying system by a preset height, the height of the powder laying system is selected to be higher by 10mm, and interference is not formed in front and back powder laying operation of the powder laying system.
Preferably, the bottom of the powder restriction device is provided with a sensing device 11 for detecting the volume of the metal powder in the powder restriction device 10, such as a vertical level sensor, detecting the height of the metal powder and feeding back to the powder supply control system or the selective melting device control system. For example, during powder replenishment, the level sensor senses the level of the metal powder to determine the capacity of the metal powder, so as to determine the height of the first powder supply system 14 required to be lowered during powder replenishment to ensure that the powder is normally replenished into the first powder supply system 14.
Preferably, at least one side wall of the powder confinement device 10 is provided with a discharge orifice 9, the diameter of which can be designed according to the actual application. In the example of the present invention, the powder discharge port with a diameter of 20mm is taken as an example, and the powder discharge port comprises a 2000-mesh powder blocking sheet to prevent the powder limiting device 10 from entering the molding chamber during the powder discharge process. Meanwhile, the pressure discharge port of the powder limiting device 10 plays a role in balancing the pressure difference between the powder limiting device 10 and the forming chamber, and the discharged protective gas plays a role in reducing the oxygen content in the forming chamber and quickening the gas replacement.
In the figure, a first powder supply system 14 and a powder spreading system 12 are arranged at the bottom in the molding chamber 18, and the first powder supply system 14 is arranged for supplying powder into the molding chamber with a set powder supply amount and spreading the powder by the powder spreading system 12.
And the forming control system 16 with the base plate is arranged in the forming chamber and can be driven to move step by step at a set height in the vertical direction, so that the powder paving system can uniformly pave powder on the base plate layer by layer.
And at least one powder recovery system arranged inside the molding chamber 18 and used for recovering the redundant powder after powder spreading.
Referring to fig. 1, a second powder supply system 15 is further disposed between the first powder supply system 14 and the forming control system 16, and when the first powder supply system 14 is in a gas replacement state or a powder supplement state, the second powder supply system 15 is set to operate in a powder feeding state, that is, powder is fed to the forming chamber through vertical movement, and is uniformly spread on the substrate by the powder spreading system 12. And, the second powder supply system 15 is also set to supplement powder by powder laying and powder recovery of the powder laying system 12 in the powder feeding state of the first powder supply system.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, the powder recovery system includes a first powder recovery system 13 and a second powder recovery system 17.
With reference to fig. 1, the direction of the powder spreading system 12 moving from the first powder supply system 14 to the substrate powder spreading of the molding control system 16 is set as a first direction, the direction of the powder spreading system 12 moving from the first powder supply system 14 to the substrate powder spreading of the molding control system 16 is set as a second direction, and a first powder recovery system 13 is disposed in a position of the molding chamber 18 where the first powder supply system 14 extends along the second direction.
Preferably, the position of the forming control system 14 within the forming chamber extending along the first direction is provided with a second powder recovery system 17, also defined as a post-powder recovery system in the embodiments of the present invention for ease of description. The aforementioned second zero position is located at a position between the two powder supply systems 14, 15.
In an optional embodiment, with the configuration of the first powder supply system 14 and the second powder supply system 15 of the foregoing embodiment, the first powder recovery system 13 cooperates with the first powder supply system 14 to operate, that is, when the first powder supply system 14 is in a powder supply state, the powder paving system 12 returns to the first zero point position after uniformly paving powder, and in the process, the powder is supplemented to the second powder supply system 15 and the metal powder is recovered by the first powder recovery system 13. Second powder recovery system 17 cooperation operation, promptly when second supplies powder system 15 to be in under the powder state, shop's powder system 12 returns to second zero point position after evenly spreading the powder, and metal powder is retrieved through second powder recovery system in its process.
Preferably, the second zero position is located at a predetermined distance from the second powder supply system 15, for example 10mm apart in an embodiment of the invention.
Preferably, the powder spreading system is provided with a first zero point position and a second zero point position, the second direction is set in a direction opposite to the direction of the powder spreading movement of the substrate of the molding control system from the first powder supply system, and the first zero point position is an initial position of the printing system and is located at the position of the powder recovery system along the second direction; the second zero point position is located between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system.
Therefore, when the selective laser melting equipment is in the states of gas replacement, normal printing and powder supplement, the zero position of the powder paving system is adjusted, and the purpose of simultaneously performing powder supplement and part printing of the main powder supply system is achieved.
With reference to the powder supplementing and powder laying control system of the selective laser melting device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 4, in an implementation process, the powder supplementing and powder laying control method of the selective laser melting device includes the following steps:
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a gas replacement state, the powder spreading system 12 moves to a position between the first powder supply system 14 and the second powder supply system 15, then the powder limiting device 10 is controlled to move to a lower limiting position and is in butt joint with the first powder supply system 14, and the metal powder 5 in the powder supplementing cylinder 4 is supplemented to the first powder supply system 14 under the gravity and the blowing force of protective gas;
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a normal printing state, the powder limiting device 10 is controlled to be maintained at an upper limiting position, the first powder supply system 14 moves step by step at a set height, so that the powder paving system 12 moves along a first direction to pave powder on a substrate of the forming control system layer by layer, the powder above the first powder supply system 14 is uniformly paved above the substrate, and then the substrate is moved back to a rear powder recovery system position, namely the position of the first powder recovery system 13, so that powder recovery is carried out; scanning powder above the substrate by a laser beam according to a program to form a current printing layer, and spreading and printing the powder layer by layer according to the powder spreading mode until the printing of the part is finished; in the powder paving and powder recycling processes, powder is supplemented to the second powder supply system 15, and the powder supplementing process of the second powder supply system is completed;
when the powder shortage in the first powder supply system 14 is detected in the printing process, the selective laser melting equipment enters a powder supplementing state; the original point position of the powder spreading system 12 is adjusted to be between the first powder supply system 14 and the second powder supply system 15, the powder limiting device 10 is controlled to move to the lower limit position and is in butt joint with the first powder supply system 14, powder in the powder supplementing cylinder 4 is supplemented into the first powder supply system 14, in the powder supplementing process, the second powder supply system 15 serves as an auxiliary powder supply system to supply powder, the powder spreading system starts to move towards the substrate from the second zero point position, and powder above the second powder supply system 15 is uniformly spread above the substrate, so that uninterrupted printing is facilitated.
Preferably, in the gas replacement stage and the powder supplement stage, in the powder supplement process of the first powder supplement system by the powder supplement cylinder 4, the protective gas enters the forming chamber through the pressure discharge port of the powder limiting device, so that the gas replacement is accelerated.
Preferably, the control method further includes the processing of:
after the powder supplement of the first powder supply system 14 is completed, the selective laser melting equipment exits from the powder supplement state, the state that the first powder supply system 14 supplies powder to the substrate is recovered, and the zero position of the powder paving system 14 is controlled to be recovered to the first zero position.
Therefore, through the powder supplementing and laying control, the problems that metal powder can be uniformly laid by large-size selective laser melting equipment in the process of printing parts, and powder can be supplemented in a powder supply cylinder without pausing printing are effectively solved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A mend powder and spread powder system for jumbo size laser election district melting equipment, its characterized in that includes:
the powder supplementing system is provided with a powder supplementing cylinder, a powder dropping channel of the powder supplementing cylinder, and a protective gas inlet channel, wherein the powder dropping channel is communicated with the powder supplementing cylinder and has a certain downward inclined direction, and the protective gas inlet channel is communicated with the powder supplementing cylinder;
the molding bin is connected with the powder supplementing system;
the powder limiting device is arranged in the forming chamber and communicated with the powder supplementing system from the top of the forming chamber, and is used for limiting a falling path of powder falling into the forming chamber from the powder supplementing system; the powder limiting device is arranged to move along the vertical direction so that the lower part of the powder limiting device is connected with the first powder supply system, and a closed communication space is formed between the inner cavity of the powder limiting device and the first powder supply system;
the powder spreading system is arranged at the bottom of the forming bin and used for spreading powder to the forming bin according to the set powder supply amount;
the forming control system is provided with a substrate and can be driven to move in a vertical direction in a stepping mode at a set height, so that the powder paving system can pave powder on the substrate layer by layer; and
at least one powder recovery system disposed within the molding chamber;
a second powder supply system is arranged between the first powder supply system and the forming control system, and is set to operate in a powder feeding state under the condition that the first powder supply system is in a gas replacement or powder supplement state, namely powder is fed to the forming bin through movement in the vertical direction and is spread by the powder spreading system; and is
The second powder supply system is also arranged to supplement powder by powder paving and powder recycling of the powder paving system when the first powder supply system is in a powder feeding state;
setting the direction of the powder paving system from the first powder supply system to the substrate powder paving movement of the molding control system as a first direction, and arranging a powder recovery system at the edge of the molding control system and/or at the edge of the first powder supply system opposite to the first direction in the molding bin along the first direction;
the first powder supply system is located at a position right below the powder limiting device.
2. The powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-size laser selective melting device according to claim 1, wherein a pressure discharge port is provided on at least one side wall of the powder limiting device.
3. A powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-size laser selective melting device according to claim 1, wherein a screen through which powder can pass is arranged on the bottom surface of the powder limiting device.
4. The powder supplementing and spreading system for the large-size selective laser melting equipment according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the bottom of the powder limiting device is provided with a sealing strip.
5. A powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-size laser selective melting device according to claim 1, wherein a sensing device for detecting the powder capacity in the powder limiting device is arranged at the bottom of the powder limiting device.
6. A powder replenishment and spreading system for a large scale laser selective melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the powder restriction means is of a nested cylindrical configuration and is drivable in a vertical direction towards or away from the first powder supply system.
7. The powder supplementing and spreading system for a large-size laser selective melting device according to claim 1, wherein the powder spreading system has a first zero point position and a second zero point position, the second zero point position is set in a direction opposite to a direction of a powder spreading movement of the substrate of the molding control system from the first powder supply system, the first zero point position is a printing system initial position, and the first zero point position is a position of the powder recovery system along the second direction; the second zero point position is located between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system.
8. The powder supplementing and spreading system for the large-size laser selective melting equipment according to claim 1, wherein a powder dropping control valve for controlling the powder dropping of the powder supplementing cylinder is arranged in the powder dropping channel of the powder supplementing cylinder.
9. A powder supplementing and laying control method for a powder supplementing and laying system of a large-size selective laser melting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the powder supplementing and laying control method comprises the following steps:
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a gas replacement state, the powder spreading system moves to a position between the first powder supply system and the second powder supply system, then the powder limiting device is controlled to move to a lower limiting position and is in butt joint with the first powder supply system, and powder in the powder supplementing cylinder is supplemented into the first powder supply system under the gravity and the blowing force of protective gas;
when the selective laser melting equipment is in a normal printing state, the powder limiting device is controlled to be maintained at an upper limiting position, the first powder supply system moves in a stepping mode at a set height, the powder paving system moves in a first direction to pave powder on the substrate layer by layer, powder above the first powder supply system is uniformly paved above the substrate, and then the substrate is moved back to a rear powder recovery system; scanning powder above the substrate by a laser beam according to a program to form a current printing layer, and spreading and printing the powder layer by layer according to the powder spreading mode until the printing of the part is finished; in the powder paving and powder recycling processes, supplementing powder to the second powder supply system;
when the powder in the first powder supply system is detected to be insufficient in the printing process, the selective laser melting equipment enters a powder supplementing state; spread the initial point position adjustment of powder system to between first powder system and the second powder system that supplies, powder limiting device controlled movement spacing and with first powder system butt joint down, mend the powder in the powder jar and supply the powder system to first powder system that supplies to at the powder in-process, supply powder by the second powder system that supplies, and by spread the powder system and evenly spread the base plate top with the powder of second powder system that supplies top, in order to carry out incessant printing.
10. The powder supplementing and spreading control method according to claim 9, wherein in the gas replacing stage and the powder supplementing stage, during the powder supplementing process of the first powder supplementing system by the powder supplementing cylinder, the protective gas enters the forming chamber through the pressure discharge port of the powder limiting device to accelerate the gas replacement.
11. A powder replenishing and laying control method according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising the following processing:
and after the powder supplement of the first powder supply system is finished, the selective laser melting equipment exits the powder supplement state, recovers the state of supplying powder to the substrate by the first powder supply system, and controls the powder paving system to recover to the first zero position.
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| CN114951707A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Rapid gas washing device and method for powder-laying type laser additive manufacturing system |
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| TWM560995U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-01 | Tongtai Machine & Tool Co Ltd | Powder supply cavity automatic replacement and recycling equipment |
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