CN112772538B - Shrimp pond rotary filtering, concentrating and pollution discharging device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device and method for a shrimp pond, which are characterized by comprising a blowdown pipe and a water pump which are arranged in a culture pond, and an outer barrel which is arranged in/outside the culture pond and is communicated up and down, wherein a filter screen lifting basket, a filter cylinder and a filtered water pipe are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from top to bottom; the top outlet of the sewage suction pipe penetrates through the outer cylinder wall to be communicated with the filter screen lifting basket, the top of the filter cylinder is closed, the bottom of the filter cylinder is provided with an opening, the filter cylinder is communicated with a filtered water pipe in a butt joint mode, the filtered water pipe is connected with a water pump, and a water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a plurality of water ejectors; the impeller is arranged at the inlet of the top of the filtered water pipe, the rotating shaft fixedly connected with the filter cylinder is fixedly arranged at the center of the impeller, and the plurality of mud scrapers are arranged between the outer cylinder and the filter cylinder.

Description

Shrimp pond rotary filtering, concentrating and pollution discharging device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a rotary filtering, concentrating and pollution discharging device and method for a shrimp pond.

Background

In the process of prawn cultivation, the pollutants such as residual bait, excrement, shrimp shells, dead shrimps, ill shrimps with poor vitality and the like need to be discharged out of the cultivation system in time, so that the cultivation system can maintain a good water quality environment for a long time, the diseases are reduced, and the survival rate and the cultivation success rate of the prawns are guaranteed. Except that the circulating water culture mode is to continuously discharge water in the culture pond, purify the water through a series of physical and biochemical actions and then flow back to the culture pond, most of the prawn culture modes adopt a direct discharge mode at present, namely, residual baits, excrement and other pollutants are directly discharged out of the culture pond regularly through a sewage collecting and discharging device at the center of the pond bottom. In practical application, due to the fact that the escape-proof net needs to be arranged, shrimp shells, dead shrimps and the like are difficult to discharge out of the culture pond, meanwhile, due to intermittent pollution discharge, residual bait, excrement and the like are difficult to discharge in time, and water quality of the culture water body is easy to deteriorate, therefore, in the middle and later periods of culture, due to the fact that the bait feeding amount is continuously increased, the culture water quality can only be maintained by adopting a large water changing method, however, due to the fact that water quality, water temperature and the like of water bodies inside and outside the culture pond are different, stress reaction of the shrimps is easy to cause due to large water changing, and potential risks are brought to culture. Therefore, when live shrimps are prevented from escaping, dirt such as shrimp shells, dead shrimps, residual bait, excrement and the like in the culture water body is timely and efficiently discharged out of the culture system, and the method is a key technology for improving the success rate of prawn culture.

The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN109452215A, which is disclosed in 3, 12 and 2019, discloses a device and a method for removing dirt and preventing live shrimps from escaping in a circulating water shrimp culture system, and the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110278911A, which is disclosed in 27 and 2019, provides a split type surface dirt collector suitable for the live shrimps of the circulating water shrimp culture system to automatically return to a pond. The two devices provided by the invention can only collect shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality to prevent overflow from escaping the shrimps, but have no interception capability on the most main pollutants causing the pollution of the culture water quality, such as residual bait, excrement and the like, and can only be connected into a subsequent separation device for further separation treatment, so that the device is an intermediate device matched with a water purification device in a circulating water culture system, and the single use cannot ensure the culture water quality. Therefore, the polluted shrimps such as the discharged shrimp shells, the dead shrimps and the bad vitality can be effectively collected, the pollutants such as the residual bait and the excrement can be concentrated and can be discharged in time, the good water quality environment of the culture system can be maintained for a long time, the sewage discharge amount can be reduced, meanwhile, the pollution discharge device which is convenient to overhaul and has a simple structure can be prevented from escaping the live shrimps, and the pollution discharge device has important significance for promoting the high-density culture of the shrimps.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rotary filtering, concentrating and pollution discharging device and method for a shrimp pool, which can timely separate out shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality, concentrate residual baits and excrement and then discharge the residual baits and excrement and have low pollution discharge water consumption.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rotary filtering, concentrating and sewage discharging device for a shrimp pond comprises a sewage suction pipe and a water pump which are arranged in a culture pond, and an outer barrel which is arranged in/out of the culture pond and is communicated up and down, wherein a filter screen basket for intercepting large-size particles, a filter cylinder for intercepting small-size particles and a filtered water pipe are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from top to bottom, a funnel-shaped sewage collecting bin is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel, and a sewage discharge pipe with a sewage discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting bin; the sewage suction pipe is L-shaped, the bottom of the sewage suction pipe is closely attached to the bottom of the culture pond, the top outlet of the sewage suction pipe penetrates through the outer cylinder wall to be communicated with the filter screen lifting basket, the top of the filter cylinder is closed, the bottom of the filter cylinder is provided with an opening, the bottom opening of the filter cylinder is in butt joint communication with the top inlet of the filtered water pipe, the bottom outlet of the filtered water pipe penetrates through the outer cylinder wall to be connected with the water pump, and a water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a water ejector with a plurality of water outlets in the same direction with the tangential direction of the wall of the culture pond or the wall of the culture pond; an impeller which can generate rotary motion under the pushing of water flow is arranged at an inlet of the top of the filtered water pipe, a rotating shaft is fixedly arranged at the center of the impeller, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a top cover of the filter cylinder through a pin, and a plurality of mud scraping plates used for scraping small-size particle trapped matters on the outer wall of the filter cylinder are arranged between the outer cylinder and the filter cylinder.

Preferably, the urceolus inner wall and be located the bottom of filter screen hand-basket be provided with and be used for the fixed stay the last annular fixed bolster of filter screen hand-basket, the bottom of straining the back water pipe and be located the impeller under the fixed bottom axle supporting piece that is provided with, the top of pivot be located the central through-hole department of last annular fixed bolster and its bottom be located the recess that bottom axle supported.

Preferably, a lower annular fixing support for fixedly supporting the filter cartridge is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and at the bottom of the filter cartridge, an outer ring of the lower annular fixing support is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and a circle of water retaining convex ring for sealing a gap between the filter cartridge and the filtered water pipe is arranged on an inner ring of the lower annular fixing support. The water retaining convex ring plays a certain sealing role in the rotation of the filter cylinder, and prevents the unfiltered water from returning to the culture pond directly in an excessive way.

Preferably, the bottom of the filter cylinder is sleeved outside the upper part of the water retaining convex ring, and the filtered water pipe is sleeved outside the lower part of the water retaining convex ring.

Preferably, the upper annular fixing support and the lower annular fixing support are both detachably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

Preferably, the mud scraper is a flexible rubber plate or a brush, and is fixed on the inner wall of the outer barrel through a plurality of support rods.

Preferably, the water ejector is provided with an air suction pipe communicated with the air outside the culture pond.

Preferably, the filter screen lifting basket is a plastic filter screen with the mesh number of 10-80 meshes, and the filter cartridge is a stainless steel filter screen with the mesh number of 150-250 meshes. The rough filter screen is inspected at least once every day, and shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality which are trapped on the rough filter screen are manually removed.

A method for performing rotary filtration, concentration and pollution discharge on a shrimp pond by using the device comprises the following steps:

(1) starting a water pump to pump water, starting a water ejector to work, and sucking air to oxygenate the water body of the culture pond; the effluent of the water ejectors facing the same direction pushes the water body of the culture pond to start rotating, and pushes the granular sewage at the bottom of the pond to be collected to a sewage collection hopper at the bottom of the center of the culture pond; the water level in the outer cylinder is reduced, and under the action of the water level difference between the outer cylinder and the culture pond, the sewage suction pipe sucks residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells in a sewage collection hopper at the bottom of the center of the culture pond together and conveys the residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells into the outer cylinder;

(2) the water flow conveyed by the sewage suction pipe firstly passes through the filter screen lifting basket, large-particle pollutants such as shrimp shells, dead shrimps and the like are intercepted, then the water flow flows downwards through a gap between the outer cylinder and the filter cylinder, residual bait and excrement are intercepted and concentrated by the outer surface of the filter cylinder, the filtered water flow enters the filter cylinder and continues flowing downwards in the filter cylinder to drive the impeller below the filter cylinder to rotate,

(3) when the impeller is pushed by water flow to rotate, the filter cylinder fixedly connected with the rotating shaft is driven to synchronously rotate, concentrated residual bait and excrement are intercepted on the surface of the outer side of the filter cylinder and stripped under the action of tangential hydraulic shearing force generated by rotation and the scraping and cleaning action of the mud scraping plate, the good filtering capacity of the filter cylinder is maintained, and the water flow is finally sucked by the water pump after passing through the filtered water pipe and then is sprayed out from the outlet of the water injector to return to the culture pond;

(4) the shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality trapped in the filter screen basket are manually removed, the residual bait and excrement stripped from the surface of the filter cylinder fall under the action of gravity, precipitate in a dirt collection bin at the bottom and are finally continuously discharged at a small flow through a discharge pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the filter cartridge which can retain small particles such as residual bait, excrement and the like can realize self-cleaning in the filtration, and can maintain good filtration capacity for a long time;

(2) the device is compact, three functions of plug-flow rotary sewage collection, filtration and aeration can be realized by one water pump, the total energy consumption is low, namely, water is pumped by one water pump, and power required by aeration oxygenation of the water ejector, rotary sewage collection of push pool water and filtration sewage interception can be provided.

In conclusion, the shrimp pond rotary filtering, concentrating and sewage discharging device and the method have the advantages that the main device outer cylinder can be arranged outside the pond in the pond, the shrimp shell, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality can be timely separated out, residual bait and excrement are concentrated, the continuous concentration and sewage discharging device of the shrimp culture system is discharged after the excrement and urine is discharged, the sewage discharging and water consumption is low, and the device simultaneously has the functions of plug flow sewage collection, residual bait and excrement concentration and aeration oxygenation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a continuous concentration and drainage device of a shrimp culture system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the present invention (circular culture pond);

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of the present invention (rectangular cultivation pond);

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper annular mounting bracket of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a lower annular fixing bracket of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment

A rotary filtration concentration blowdown device for a shrimp pond is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and comprises a blowdown pipe 2 and a water pump 3 which are arranged in a culture pond 1 and an outer barrel 4 which is arranged in/out of the culture pond 1 and is communicated up and down, wherein a filter screen lifting basket 5 for intercepting large-size particles, a filter barrel 6 for intercepting small-size particles and a filtered water pipe 7 are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel 4 from top to bottom, a funnel-shaped blowdown collecting bin 8 is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel 4, and a blowdown pipe 10 with a blowdown valve 9 is arranged at the bottom of the blowdown collecting bin 8; the sewage suction pipe 2 is L-shaped, the bottom of the sewage suction pipe is closely attached to the bottom of the culture pond 1, the top outlet of the sewage suction pipe 2 penetrates through the wall of the outer cylinder 4 to be communicated with the filter screen lifting basket 5, the top of the filter cylinder 6 is closed, the bottom of the filter cylinder 6 is provided with an opening, the bottom opening of the filter cylinder 6 is in butt joint communication with the top inlet of the filtered water pipe 7, the bottom outlet of the filtered water pipe 7 penetrates through the wall of the outer cylinder 4 to be connected with the water pump 3, and a water outlet pipe of the water pump 3 is connected with a plurality of water outlets and a water ejector 11 which is consistent in the direction of the tangent line of the wall of the culture pond 1 (a rectangular pond, as shown in figure 3) or the tangent direction of the wall of the culture pond 1 (a circular pond, as shown in figure 2); an impeller 12 which can generate rotary motion under the pushing of water flow is arranged at an inlet at the top of the filtered water pipe 7, a rotating shaft 13 is fixedly arranged at the center of the impeller 12, the rotating shaft 13 is fixedly connected with a top cover of the filter cartridge 6 through a pin, and a plurality of mud scraping plates 14 used for scraping small-sized particles trapped on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 6 are arranged between the outer cylinder 4 and the filter cartridge 6.

In this embodiment, an upper annular fixing bracket 15 for fixedly supporting the strainer basket 5 is disposed on the inner wall of the outer barrel 4 and at the bottom of the strainer basket 5, a bottom shaft supporting block 16 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the filtered water pipe 7 and directly below the impeller 12, the top of the rotating shaft 13 is located at the central through hole of the upper annular fixing bracket 15, and the bottom of the rotating shaft 13 is located in the groove of the bottom shaft supporting block 16; the inner wall of the outer barrel 4 and the bottom of the filter cartridge 6 are provided with a lower annular fixing support 17 for fixedly supporting the filter cartridge 6, the outer ring of the lower annular fixing support 17 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer barrel 4, and the inner ring of the lower annular fixing support 17 is provided with a circle of water retaining convex ring 18 for sealing the gap between the filter cartridge 6 and the filtered water pipe 7. The bottom of the filter cylinder 6 is sleeved outside the upper part of the water retaining convex ring 18, and the filtered water pipe 7 is sleeved outside the lower part of the water retaining convex ring 18.

In this embodiment, the upper ring-shaped fixing bracket 15 (shown in fig. 4) and the lower ring-shaped fixing bracket 17 (shown in fig. 5) are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 4. The scraper 14 is a flexible rubber plate or a brush, and the scraper 14 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 4 through a plurality of support rods 19. The water ejector 11 is provided with an air suction pipe 20 communicated with the air outside the culture pond 1. The filter screen basket 5 is a plastic filter screen with 10-80 meshes, and the filter cylinder 6 is a stainless steel filter screen with 150-250 meshes. The filter screen basket 5 is inspected at least once every day, and shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality, which are retained in the filter screen basket 5, are manually removed.

Detailed description of the invention

A method for performing rotary filtering, concentration and pollution discharge on a shrimp pool by using the device of the first embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) starting the water pump 3 to pump water, starting the water ejector 11 to work, and sucking air to oxygenate the water body of the culture pond 1; the water body of the culture pond 1 is pushed to rotate by the outflow of the water ejector 11 facing the same direction, and the granular dirt at the bottom of the pond is pushed to be collected to a dirt collecting hopper (not shown in the figure) at the bottom of the center of the culture pond 1; the water level in the outer cylinder 4 is reduced, and under the action of the water level difference between the outer cylinder 4 and the culture pond 1, the sewage suction pipe 2 sucks residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells in a sewage collection hopper at the bottom of the center of the culture pond 1 together and conveys the residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells into the outer cylinder 4;

(2) the water flow conveyed by the sewage suction pipe 2 firstly passes through the filter screen lifting basket 5, large-particle pollutants such as shrimp shells and dead shrimps are intercepted, then the water flow downwards flows through a gap between the outer cylinder 4 and the filter cylinder 6, residual baits and excrement are intercepted and concentrated by the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6, the filtered water flow enters the filter cylinder 6 and continuously flows downwards in the filter cylinder 6, and the impeller 12 below the filter cylinder 6 is driven to rotate;

(3) when the impeller 12 is driven by water flow to rotate, the filter cartridge 6 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 13 is driven to synchronously rotate, concentrated residual bait and excrement trapped on the outer side surface of the filter cartridge 6 are peeled off under the action of tangential hydraulic shearing force generated by rotation and the scraping and cleaning action of the mud scraper 14, the good filtering capacity of the filter cartridge 6 is maintained, and water flow is finally sucked by the water pump 3 through the filtered water pipe 7 and then is sprayed out from the outlet of the water sprayer 11 to return to the culture pond 1;

(4) the shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality trapped in the filter screen basket 5 are manually removed, the residual bait and excrement stripped from the surface of the filter cylinder 6 fall under the action of gravity, precipitate in the sewage collecting bin 8 at the bottom and finally are continuously discharged at a small flow through the sewage discharge pipe 10.

The above description is not intended to limit the invention, nor is the invention limited to the examples set forth above. Those skilled in the art should also realize that changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a concentrated waste fitting discharging of shrimp pond rotary filtration which characterized in that: the device comprises a sewage suction pipe and a water pump which are arranged in a culture pond, and an outer barrel which is arranged in/out the culture pond and is communicated up and down, wherein a filter screen basket for intercepting large-size particles, a filter cylinder for intercepting small-size particles and a filtered water pipe are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from top to bottom; the sewage suction pipe is L-shaped, the bottom of the sewage suction pipe is closely attached to the bottom of the culture pond, the top outlet of the sewage suction pipe penetrates through the outer cylinder wall to be communicated with the filter screen lifting basket, the top of the filter cylinder is closed, the bottom of the filter cylinder is provided with an opening, the bottom opening of the filter cylinder is in butt joint communication with the top inlet of the filtered water pipe, the bottom outlet of the filtered water pipe penetrates through the outer cylinder wall to be connected with the water pump, and a water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a water ejector with a plurality of water outlets in the same direction with the tangential direction of the wall of the culture pond or the wall of the culture pond; the top import department of straining the back water pipe be provided with can produce rotary motion's impeller under rivers promote, the fixed pivot that is provided with in center of impeller, the pivot through the pin with the top cap fixed connection of straining a section of thick bamboo, the urceolus with strain and be provided with a plurality of between the section of thick bamboo and be used for striking off strain a section of thick bamboo outer wall on the mud scraper of small-size granule retention, the urceolus inner wall just be located the bottom of filter screen hand-basket be provided with and be used for the fixed support the last annular fixed bolster of filter screen hand-basket, the bottom of straining the back water pipe just be located the impeller under the fixed bottom axle supporting shoe that is provided with, the top of pivot be located the central through-hole department of last annular fixed bolster and its bottom be located the recess that the bottom supported.

2. The shrimp pool rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the outer barrel and the bottom of the filter cylinder are provided with a lower annular fixing support used for fixedly supporting the filter cylinder, the outer ring of the lower annular fixing support is fixed on the inner wall of the outer barrel, and the inner ring of the lower annular fixing support is provided with a circle of water retaining convex ring used for sealing a gap between the filter cylinder and the filtered water pipe.

3. The shrimp pool rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device of claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the filter cylinder is sleeved outside the upper part of the water retaining convex ring, and the filtered water pipe is sleeved outside the lower part of the water retaining convex ring.

4. The shrimp pool rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device of claim 2, wherein: the upper annular fixing support and the lower annular fixing support are detachably arranged on the inner wall of the outer barrel.

5. The shrimp pond rotary filtering, concentrating and discharging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mud scraper is a flexible rubber plate or a brush and is fixed on the inner wall of the outer barrel through a plurality of support rods.

6. The shrimp pool rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device of claim 1, wherein: the water ejector is provided with an air suction pipe communicated with the air outside the culture pond.

7. The shrimp pool rotary filtering, concentrating and blowdown device of claim 1, wherein: the filter screen lifting basket is a plastic filter screen with the mesh number of 10-80 meshes, and the filter cylinder is a stainless steel filter screen with the mesh number of 150-250 meshes.

8. A method for rotary filtration concentration blowdown of a shrimp pool using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:

(1) starting a water pump to pump water, starting a water ejector to work, and sucking air to oxygenate the water body of the culture pond; the effluent of the water ejectors facing the same direction pushes the water body of the culture pond to start rotating, and pushes the granular sewage at the bottom of the pond to be collected to a sewage collection hopper at the bottom of the center of the culture pond; the water level in the outer cylinder is reduced, and under the action of the water level difference between the outer cylinder and the culture pond, the sewage suction pipe sucks residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells in a sewage collection hopper at the bottom of the center of the culture pond together and conveys the residual bait, excrement, dead shrimps and shrimp shells into the outer cylinder;

(2) the water flow conveyed by the sewage suction pipe firstly passes through the filter screen lifting basket, large granular pollutants of shrimp shells and dead shrimps are intercepted, then the water flow flows downwards through a gap between the outer cylinder and the filter cylinder, residual bait and excrement are intercepted and concentrated by the outer surface of the filter cylinder, the filtered water flow enters the filter cylinder and continues flowing downwards in the filter cylinder to drive the impeller below the filter cylinder to rotate,

(3) when the impeller is driven to rotate by water flow, the filter cartridge fixedly connected with the rotating shaft is driven to synchronously rotate, under the action of tangential hydraulic shearing force generated by rotation and the scraping and cleaning action of the mud scraping plate, concentrated residual bait and excrement are intercepted on the surface of the outer side of the filter cartridge and stripped, the good filtering capacity of the filter cartridge is maintained, and the water flow is finally sucked by the water pump after passing through the filter water pipe and then is sprayed out from the outlet of the water sprayer and returns to the culture pond;

(4) the shrimp shells, dead shrimps and ill shrimps with poor vitality trapped in the filter screen basket are manually removed, the residual bait and excrement stripped from the surface of the filter cylinder fall under the action of gravity, precipitate in a dirt collection bin at the bottom and are finally continuously discharged at a small flow through a discharge pipe.

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