CN101597564B - Microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvester - Google Patents

Microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvester Download PDF

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CN101597564B
CN101597564B CN2009101375263A CN200910137526A CN101597564B CN 101597564 B CN101597564 B CN 101597564B CN 2009101375263 A CN2009101375263 A CN 2009101375263A CN 200910137526 A CN200910137526 A CN 200910137526A CN 101597564 B CN101597564 B CN 101597564B
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microalgae
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algae liquid
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CN101597564A (en
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张涵
王琳
王垚
陈洪涛
朱振旗
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ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微藻收获方法、系统及微藻收获机，用于微藻培养装置中的微藻收获，该方法包括：微藻收获机沿盛放有微藻藻液的微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动，通过其下方安装的收获装置，过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；以及微藻收获车收集所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液。上述微藻收获方法能够使微藻富集在一个小的区域内进行收集，只需收集微藻收获装置中的选定区域内的微藻富集藻液。因为收获系统缓慢移动，无需循环液体，降低了工作强度，减少了能量消耗，提高了工作效率。

Figure 200910137526

The invention discloses a microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvester, which are used for microalgae harvesting in a microalgae cultivation device. The orbital movement set on the device filters and collects the microalgae in the algae liquid through the harvesting device installed under it, and enriches the microalgae into the selected area in the microalgae cultivation device; and the collection place of the microalgae harvesting vehicle The microalgae in the selected area in the microalgae cultivation device is enriched with algae liquid. The above microalgae harvesting method can enrich and collect microalgae in a small area, and only need to collect the microalgae-enriched liquid in a selected area of the microalgae harvesting device. Because the harvesting system moves slowly, there is no need to circulate liquid, which reduces the work intensity, reduces energy consumption, and improves work efficiency.

Figure 200910137526

Description

A kind of microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvesting machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, refer to a kind of low cost that the micro algae culturing device cultured microalgae is gathered in the crops, microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvesting machine of robotization of being used for especially.
Background technology
To spreading unchecked in a large number of the little algae of frequent generation and lake of red tide in recent years, and the appearance of cultivating of extensive little algae, make little algae processing, gather in the crops, be processed into the hot issue of present research.Harvesting method commonly used at present has:
(1) filtration method
Australia's application number is that 486999 patented claims disclose a kind of filter method that from little algae suspension-s, reclaims frond.Be specially: before filtration, will help and consider in the agent adding algae suspension-s, high-pressure filteration reclaims to help and considers agent and frond then; Frond is separated with helping the worry agent, and frond gets into next step extraction procedure, helps the worry agent to recycle.
Application number is a disclosed microalgae harvesting method in the WO9828403A1 patented claim; Be specially: after the frustule fragmentation; Saltwater brine does not add flocculation agent by being pumped into micropore filtering film, and the frond enriched material is trapped, and the bittern that sees through film does not contain Serlabo; Therefore, can adopt cascade filtration to adjust salt and carotenoid concentration in the trapped substance.
Filtration method is commonly used, maturing construction method, but because the density of little algae suspension-s is low excessively, needs to consume significant amount of energy and just can the algae liquid pump be gone into filtration unit, realizes the purpose of filtering separation, and cost is too high.
(2) centrifugal separation
Spinning is the mechanical separation method of a kind of forced action type commonly used in the bioseparation.In little algae separates, using at present more is the disk centrifugal separating machine of automatic slag dumping, easy handling, and can non-stop run.
But this separation method equally also need be gone into whizzer with a large amount of algae liquid pumps, and the energy consumption of whizzer almost is the highest in all separating devices.This separation method causes the energy consumption of microalgae harvesting almost to occupy the 1/3-1/2 that little algae is cultivated cost.
(3) chemical flocculation
The Microbial resources company of the U.S. adopts flocculent precipitation enrichment salt algae; Each intensive culture cycle is all used the salts solution of new preparation, when the salt algae is gathered, the intensive culture algae is introduced special use gather in the settling tank; Under suitable stirring, add a certain proportion of flocculation agent, flocculating settling salt algae; Directly reach the conical lower portion vacsorb deposition algae mud of settling tank with absorption tube.
The improvement of another kind of flocculence is used: the algae liquid pump is being gone into air flotation pool, and the adding flocculation agent is little algae flocculation, feeds gas in the air flotation pool bottom then, is that the little algae after the flocculation is surperficial at gas-entrained effect low suspension and algae liquid, is convenient to collect.The air supporting method that this just often says.
Be that flocculence or air supporting method all are common chemical separating methods, in the chemical industry scope that is widely used, but the application in little algae is collected still needs further research again.And flocculence generally need be introduced special-purpose settling tank or air flotation pool, little algae of gathering then with algae liquid.Still have the energy expenditure with pump carrying algae liquid in this process, and the selection of flocculation agent is very crucial, common flocculation agent produces destruction to little algae probably.
(4) flocculation of electric field
Flocculation of electric field is the improvement to common flocculence.Salt frustule its surface in an aqueous medium generally all has faint electronegativity, and these charged particles possibly form electric capacity between two adjacent particles on every side after it is by the liquid film balance that coats.Under the extra electric field effect, this balance is easy to broken, so frustule forms big wadding piece at the carrier surface coalescence, thereby realizes the collection to little algae.
But there is limitation in the use of flocculation of electric field method, not all little algae all exist certain electrically, so this method does not have ubiquity.
(5) new technology such as micro-filtration, ultrafiltration
New technology such as micro-filtration, ultrafiltration is attempting being applied in the microalgae harvesting process in the recent period, but mostly also in the experimental phase, does not temporarily have the possibility of extensive use.
The method that above-mentioned microalgae harvesting generally adopts adopts the mode pump algae liquid, carries out little algae through filtration and collects, and at present, tubular type, biological photosynthetic reactor (micro algae culturing device) such as box also generally adopt the above-mentioned algae liquid that pumps, and filter the method for collecting.Because the little algae algae of cultured microalgae liquid density is all lower; When circulation algae liquid and filter screen are collected little algae; The circulation of a large amount of algae liquid is extracted out by pump, causes workload very big, makes the energy consumption in the results process very big; Cause the fixed cost of microalgae harvesting too high, thereby influenced the reduction of little algae production cost.At present, in both culturing microalgae and production process, exist yield poorly, problem such as cost height, the production cost that it is high, major part is to cause by the microalgae harvesting cost is too high.
And problems such as the applicable surface of above-mentioned employing flocculence is narrow again can not reach problems such as ideal results effect.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of microalgae harvesting method, system and microalgae harvesting machine, has solved problems such as little algae produces in the prior art, the results cost is too high, power consumption is big.
A kind of microalgae harvesting machine comprises: frame, drive unit, harvesting apparatus and at least one group of wheel;
Said drive unit is installed on the said frame, and being used for provides power to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self;
Said harvesting apparatus is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame, is used for filtering little algae of collecting algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device;
Said wheel is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame; Wherein, have at least one group of wheel to link to each other, under the power that said drive unit provides drives, rotate with said drive unit; Rotation through said wheel drives said harvesting apparatus and moves along the track that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device, realizes in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, said harvesting apparatus comprises: harvesting tool and filtering net;
Said harvesting tool is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame;
Said filtering net is installed on the said harvesting tool, is used for when moving with said harvesting tool, filters the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, said drive unit comprises: PWR PLT and transmission mechanism;
Said transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted in the middle cavity of said frame, links to each other with the said PWR PLT of the top that is fixedly mounted on said frame; And the power that said PWR PLT provide sent to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, said transmission mechanism comprises: belt and two belt wheels;
Said two belt wheels are installed in the middle cavity of said frame, and wherein, a belt wheel is connected with said PWR PLT, another belt wheel and one group of coaxial connection of wheel;
Said belt and said two belt wheels are formed belt gear, drive said wheel and rotate.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, said transmission mechanism also comprises: worm gear and worm screw;
Said worm gear and worm screw are installed in the middle cavity of frame; Said worm screw is connected with said PWR PLT, and said worm gear is connected with a said belt wheel again, realizes the transmission of power.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, the shape of said harvesting tool and size are confirmed by the suspended state of said micro algae culturing device shape of cross section and little algae; Specifically comprise:
If little algae suspends and is distributed in the algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool is equal to or slightly less than the size of micro algae culturing device xsect, and shape is identical with said xsect;
If little algae floats on algae liquid surface or is sunken to the bottom of algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool and shape are confirmed by the shape of cross section in little algae distributed areas height and this altitude range of said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, flexible material is arranged at said harvesting tool two sides and bottom, is used for when moving with harvesting tool the sidewall and the bottom surface of cleaning micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention, the span of the mesh aperture size of said filtering net is 1 μ m～1000 μ m, specifically chooses the filtering net with different mesh apertures according to kind of little algae and/or the size of little algae.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine of the present invention also comprises:
Guiding parts is installed on the outer wall of said frame front or back, is used to guarantee that said microalgae harvesting machine is along the orbiting that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device.
A kind of microalgae harvesting system comprises: micro algae culturing device, microalgae harvesting machine and microalgae harvesting vehicle;
Said micro algae culturing device is used to hold the algae liquid that contains little algae, and it is provided with track;
Said microalgae harvesting machine is used for the orbiting that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device, and the harvesting apparatus through its below is provided with filters little algae of collecting in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device;
Said microalgae harvesting vehicle is used for collecting the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the said micro algae culturing device selection area;
Said microalgae harvesting machine comprises: frame, drive unit, harvesting apparatus and at least one group of wheel;
Said drive unit is installed on the said frame, and being used for provides power to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self;
Said harvesting apparatus is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame, is used for filtering little algae of collecting algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device;
Said wheel is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame; Wherein, have at least one group of wheel to link to each other, under the power that said drive unit provides drives, rotate with said drive unit; Rotation through said wheel drives said harvesting apparatus and moves along the track that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device, realizes in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, the said harvesting apparatus that comprises in the said microalgae harvesting machine comprises: harvesting tool and filtering net;
Said harvesting tool is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame;
Said filtering net is installed on the said harvesting tool, is used for when moving with said harvesting tool, filters the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, the said drive unit that comprises in the said microalgae harvesting machine comprises: PWR PLT and transmission mechanism;
Said transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted in the middle cavity of said frame, links to each other with the said PWR PLT of the top that is fixedly mounted on said frame; And the power that said PWR PLT provide sent to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, said microalgae harvesting machine also comprises:
Guiding parts is installed on the outer wall of said frame front or back, is used to guarantee that said microalgae harvesting machine is along the orbiting that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device.
In the above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, the shape of said harvesting tool and size are confirmed by the suspended state of said micro algae culturing device shape of cross section and little algae; Specifically comprise:
If little algae suspends and is distributed in the algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool is equal to or slightly less than the size of micro algae culturing device xsect, and shape is identical with said xsect;
If little algae floats on algae liquid surface or is sunken to the bottom of algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool and shape are confirmed by the shape of cross section in little algae distributed areas height and this altitude range of said micro algae culturing device.
In the above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, flexible material is arranged at the harvesting tool two sides and the bottom of installing on the said microalgae harvesting machine, is used for when moving with harvesting tool the sidewall and the bottom surface of cleaning micro algae culturing device.
In the above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, the span of the mesh aperture size of the filtering net of installing on the said microalgae harvesting machine is 1 μ m～1000 μ m, specifically chooses the filtering net with different mesh apertures according to kind of little algae and/or the size of little algae.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system, said microalgae harvesting vehicle comprises: results pump, vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl and common car body;
Said results pump is used for the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the said micro algae culturing device selection area is extracted out;
Said vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl is used to deposit little algae enrichment algae liquid that said results pump is released;
Said common car body as the carrier of said results pump and vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl, moves said results pump and vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl between a plurality of said micro algae culturing devices.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting of the present invention system also comprises:
The filter dehydration system is used for little algae enrichment algae liquid that said microalgae harvesting vehicle is transported is filtered and processed the algal biscuit after obtaining dewatering.
A kind of microalgae harvesting method comprises:
The microalgae harvesting machine is along being contained with the orbiting that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device of little algae algae liquid, and the harvesting apparatus through install its below filters little algae of collecting in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device; And
Microalgae harvesting vehicle is collected the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the said micro algae culturing device;
Said microalgae harvesting machine comprises: frame, drive unit, harvesting apparatus and at least one group of wheel;
Said drive unit is installed on the said frame, and being used for provides power to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self;
Said harvesting apparatus is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame, is used for filtering little algae of collecting algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device;
Said wheel is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame; Wherein, have at least one group of wheel to link to each other, under the power that said drive unit provides drives, rotate with said drive unit; Rotation through said wheel drives said harvesting apparatus and moves along the track that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device, realizes in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the said micro algae culturing device.
According to above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention, said harvesting apparatus comprises harvesting tool and filtering net, and said harvesting tool is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame; Said filtering net is installed on the said harvesting tool, is used for when moving with said harvesting tool; Filter the little algae in the algae liquid; In the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device, the shape of said harvesting tool and size are confirmed by the suspended state of said micro algae culturing device shape of cross section and little algae; Specifically comprise:
If little algae suspends and is distributed in the algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool is equal to or slightly less than the size of micro algae culturing device xsect, and shape is identical with said xsect;
If little algae floats on algae liquid surface or is sunken to the bottom of algae liquid, then the size of said harvesting tool and shape are confirmed by the shape of cross section in little algae distributed areas height and this altitude range of said micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention also comprises:
Be provided with on the said microalgae harvesting machine and guarantee its guiding parts along the orbiting that is provided with on the said micro algae culturing device.
According to above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention; Said harvesting apparatus comprises harvesting tool and filtering net, and said harvesting tool is fixedly mounted on the below of said frame, said filtering net; Be installed on the said harvesting tool; Be used for when moving, filter the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device with said harvesting tool; Said harvesting tool two sides and bottom are installed with flexible material, when moving with harvesting tool, and the sidewall and the bottom surface of cleaning micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention; Choose filtering net according to kind of little algae and/or the size of little algae with different mesh apertures; Wherein filtering net is fixedly mounted on the harvesting tool in the said harvesting apparatus that said microalgae harvesting machine comprises; Be used for when moving, filter the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the said micro algae culturing device with said harvesting tool;
The span of the mesh aperture size of said filtering net is 1 μ m～1000 μ m.
According to above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention, said microalgae harvesting vehicle is collected the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the said micro algae culturing device, specifically comprises:
The results pump of installing on the said microalgae harvesting vehicle is extracted the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the said micro algae culturing device out, deposits in the vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl of installing to the said microalgae harvesting vehicle.
According to above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention, when said micro algae culturing device has when a plurality of, said microalgae harvesting vehicle moves between a plurality of said micro algae culturing devices, collects the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in each micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method of the present invention also comprises:
Little algae enrichment algae liquid that the filter dehydration system transports said microalgae harvesting vehicle filters and processed the algal biscuit after obtaining dewatering.
The microalgae harvesting method that the embodiment of the invention provides, system and microalgae harvesting machine.The microalgae harvesting machine is along being contained with the orbiting that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device of little algae algae liquid, and the harvesting apparatus through install its below filters little algae of collecting in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device; And microalgae harvesting vehicle is collected the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the micro algae culturing device.Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method can make little algae be enriched in the little zone and collect, and improves this concentration of little algae in algae liquid in zone among a small circle, thus the amount of the algae liquid that need pump when having reduced to collect algae liquid; This method only needs collection to be enriched in the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the microalgae harvesting device when the little algae of results, and the algae liquid that need not to circulate has reduced working strength, has reduced energy expenditure, has improved working efficiency.Both can realize staying the algae kind again through the use filtering net with in little algae enrichment to little zone, on one side continuation cultivation breeding.The design of microalgae harvesting vehicle has realized the collection of a group equipment to the little algae enrichment in many places algae liquid, through the mobility of microalgae harvesting vehicle, improves usage ratio of equipment, reduces the disposable input of fixed cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of microalgae harvesting system in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of microalgae harvesting machine and micro algae culturing device in the embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3 is a kind of concrete structure synoptic diagram of microalgae harvesting machine in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the postrotational partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2 in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that worm and gear is installed in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schema of microalgae harvesting method in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
If ability timely collecting in the process of growth of little algae; The density that can eliminate to a certain extent on the one hand in the micro-algae propagation process suppresses; Keep high-density culture, can alleviate the relaxation phenomenon of light on the other hand, and in good time gathering continuously also helps industriallization to successional requirement.
The microalgae harvesting method that the embodiment of the invention provides, system and microalgae harvesting machine; Pump algae liquid to existing in the prior art, the circulation of a large amount of algae liquid is extracted out and is filtered and causes the big problem that consumes energy, in conjunction with the characteristics of micro algae culturing device; Design matching used with it microalgae harvesting machine; Through using the microalgae harvesting machine, little algae is concentrated in the little zone, concentrate again and filter collection.Reduce the algae liquid that is drawn out of with circulating filtration, thereby reduce energy consumption, reduce cost.
The microalgae harvesting system that the embodiment of the invention provides, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: micro algae culturing device 10, microalgae harvesting machine 20 and microalgae harvesting vehicle 30.Micro algae culturing device 10 is as shown in Figure 2 with microalgae harvesting machine 20 structures, and wherein, microalgae harvesting machine 20 uses in micro algae culturing device 10.
Micro algae culturing device 10 is used to hold the algae liquid that contains little algae, and its upper surface, bottom or other positions are provided with track, and be special, can be parallel orbit.Microalgae harvesting machine 20 can be along the orbiting that is provided with.Micro algae culturing device 10 can be used as the culture vessel of little algae, is used for the cultivation of little algae.Micro algae culturing device 10 can comprise the various devices that are used for little algae cultivation such as photoreactor, breed pond.
Microalgae harvesting machine 20 is used for moving along the parallel orbit of micro algae culturing device 10 upper surfaces, and the harvesting apparatus through its below is provided with filters little algae of collecting in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device 10.Wherein, selection area can be an end of micro algae culturing device 10, also can be any a bit of zones of micro algae culturing device 10 intermediary.
Special, can be according to the different sizes of width design of micro algae culturing device, the microalgae harvesting machine 20 of width, and according to the size of micro algae culturing device xsect, shape is selected different harvesting tools and filtering net for use.
Microalgae harvesting machine 20; Can in micro algae culturing device 10, move (when selected zone is an end along the track that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device 10; Then be slowly to move to apart from the other end setpoint distance from micro algae culturing device 10 1 ends), thus realize in the selection area of algae liquid enrichment in the micro algae culturing device 10.Special also can arrive in a bit of zone of micro algae culturing device 10 intermediary in enrichment.Promptly obtain to collect again behind little algae algae liquid of high density.
Microalgae harvesting vehicle 30 is used for collecting the little algae enrichment algae liquid in micro algae culturing device 10 selection areas.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting system, also comprise: filter dehydration system 40 is used for little algae enrichment algae liquid that microalgae harvesting vehicle 30 is transported is filtered and processed the algal biscuit after obtaining dewatering.
Filter dehydration system 40 mainly comprises belt vacuum filter, some equipment such as algal biscuit retrieving arrangement.Belt vacuum filter is market purchasing, can realize the serialization solid-liquid separation of little algae and liquid.The algal biscuit retrieving arrangement is mainly used in the collection algal biscuit, obtains other little algae material.Being applicable to the belt vacuum filter of microalgae harvesting, is to obtain after being applicable to the filtering micron order filter cloth of little algae installing additional on the basis of common belt vacuum filter; And improve on the original basis, increase vibrations, washing function, effectively prevent little algae obstruction filter cloth.
Filter dehydration system 40 is the places that produce little algal biomass.Little algae enrichment algae liquid of collecting in the microalgae harvesting vehicle is transported to little algae filter dehydration system; Little algae enrichment algae liquid is evenly distributed in the filtering system surface of belt vacuum filter; Rotate crawler belt through motor; Little algae enrichment algae liquid moves with crawler belt and carries out filtering and concentrating, and the algal biscuit after concentrating is scraped to the algal biscuit retrieving arrangement by scraper plate, carries out little algae Products Development again.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine 20 can comprise: frame, drive unit, harvesting apparatus and at least one group of wheel.Wherein:
Drive unit is installed on the frame, and being used for provides power to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self.
Preferable, drive unit further can comprise: PWR PLT and transmission mechanism; Transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted in the middle cavity of frame, links to each other with the PWR PLT of the top that is fixedly mounted on frame; And the power that PWR PLT provide sent to the one group of wheel that links to each other with self.
Special, drive unit also can only comprise PWR PLT, and dynamic device directly is connected with one group of wheel, and directly drive wheels is rotated.
Harvesting apparatus is fixedly mounted on the below of frame, is used for filtering little algae of collecting algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device.
Preferable, harvesting apparatus further can comprise: harvesting tool and filtering net.
Harvesting tool is fixedly mounted on the below of frame.Wherein, the shape of harvesting tool and size are confirmed by the suspended state of micro algae culturing device 10 shape of cross sections and little algae; Specifically comprise:
If little algae suspends and is distributed in the algae liquid, then the size of harvesting tool is equal to or slightly less than the size of micro algae culturing device 10 xsects, and shape is identical with said xsect; When harvesting tool moves in micro algae culturing device, cooperate with the sidewall and the bottom surface of micro algae culturing device 10.
If little algae floats on algae liquid surface or is sunken to the bottom of algae liquid, then the size of harvesting tool and shape are confirmed by the shape of cross section in little algae distributed areas height and this altitude range of said micro algae culturing device.When harvesting tool moves in micro algae culturing device, cooperate with the sidewall of micro algae culturing device 10, or cooperate with sidewall and bottom surface.
Filtering net is installed on the harvesting tool, is used for when moving with harvesting tool, filters the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device.
Wheel is fixedly mounted on the below of frame; Wherein, have at least one group of wheel to link to each other, under the power that drive unit provides drives, rotate with drive unit; Rotation through wheel drives harvesting apparatus and moves along the track that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device, realizes in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the micro algae culturing device.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as a kind of concrete structure of microalgae harvesting machine, comprise: frame 21, PWR PLT 22, transmission mechanism 23, harvesting tool 24, filtering net 25 and two groups of wheels (26,27).Wherein, Fig. 4 is the part rotation enlarged view of Fig. 3 upper part.Wherein PWR PLT 22 are formed drive units jointly with transmission mechanism 23; Harvesting tool 24 and the filtering net 25 common harvesting apparatus of forming.
PWR PLT 22 are fixedly mounted on the top of frame 21, link to each other with transmission mechanism 23.The mobile power resources that provide for the microalgae harvesting machine.For example PWR PLT can make reducing motor etc.
Transmission mechanism 23 is fixedly mounted in the middle cavity of frame 21, links to each other respectively with one group of wheel 26 with PWR PLT 22; Be used for sending the power that PWR PLT 22 provide to the above-mentioned one group of wheel 26 that links to each other with self.Machine transmission mechanism 23 can be realized energy transformation, the energy output of PWR PLT is converted into the kinetic energy of harvesting tool.
Preferable, transmission mechanism 23 comprises: two belt wheels (231,232) and belt 233.
Two belt wheels (231,232) are installed in the middle cavity of frame 21, and wherein, a belt wheel 231 is connected with PWR PLT 22, another belt wheel 232 and 26 coaxial connections of one group of wheel.
Belt 233 and two belt wheels (231,232) are formed belt gear, drive wheel and rotate.
Preferable, as shown in Figure 5, transmission mechanism 23 further can also comprise: worm gear 234 and worm screw 235.
Worm gear 234 and worm screw 235 are installed in the middle cavity of frame 21; Worm screw 235 is connected with PWR PLT 22, and worm gear 234 is connected with belt wheel 231 again, realizes the transmission of power.Transmit power through worm and gear, can increase moment, further reduce energy consumption.
Need to prove: transmission mechanism 23 can adopt various mechanical transmission mechanisms commonly used, for example, and belt transmission, geartransmission, worm and gear transmission and combination thereof etc.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are most preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein adopt the combination of worm and gear and belt transmission two-stage.Therefore, be appreciated that and only adopt belt transmission also to be fine.
Harvesting tool 24 is fixedly mounted on the below of frame 21, is positioned at the centre of two groups of wheels (26,27); When in micro algae culturing device 10, moving; Concrete shape, size according to the harvesting tool of choosing 24; With little gap is arranged between sidewall and the bottom surface or contact and friction is arranged when mobile, or only with between the sidewall have little gap perhaps to contact and friction arranged when mobile.Filtering net 25 is installed on the harvesting tool 24, and filtering net 25 is the reticulated structure material, and different according to the algae kind of collecting, mesh differs in size.
Harvesting tool 24 can be different according to the shape of micro algae culturing device 10, design or select for use various structure, are that example describes with the rectangle frame just among Fig. 2 and 3.Flexible material is arranged at harvesting tool 24 two sides and bottom, is fixedly connected with harvesting tool 24, is used for when moving with harvesting tool 24 sidewall and the bottom surface of cleaning micro algae culturing device 10.
Choose filtering net according to kind of little algae and/or the size of little algae with different mesh apertures.For example: the optional scope of the mesh aperture size of filtering net 25 comprises 1 μ m～1000 μ m.Preferable, filtering net 25 can adopt from washing frame type filtering net; Simultaneously, when selecting filtering net for use, can consider that not the little algae in will algae liquid is collected fully, can allow residual about 1/3,, be beneficial to the continuity that little algae is cultivated as the algae kind that little algae is cultivated again.
Two groups of wheels (26,27) are fixedly mounted on the rear and front end of the below of frame 21 respectively.Wherein, one group of wheel 26 links to each other with transmission mechanism 23, under the power that transmission mechanism 23 transmits drives, rotates.Another group wheel is a driven wheel, rotates with the rotation of adhesion wheel.Rotation through two groups of wheels (26,27) drive harvesting tool 24 and on filtering net 25 move, in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the micro algae culturing device 10.
Special; Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting machine; Also comprise: guiding parts 28, be installed on frame 21 outer walls in (like one group of wheel 26 or 27 among the figure) outside of front or back, be used to guarantee the go up track translational motion that be provided with of microalgae harvesting machine 20 along micro algae culturing device 10.Wherein, the effective width of guiding parts equals the distance between 10 liang of inner side-walls of micro algae culturing device.
Microalgae harvesting vehicle 30 is mainly born transportation, the sedimentation work of little algae enrichment algae liquid, forms through common car body transformation, comprising: results pump, vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl and common car body.
The results pump is used for the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area of micro algae culturing device 10 is extracted out.This results pump can be bought from market, is fixed on the car body, can move with car body, with enrichment algae liquid pump to vehicle-mounted settling bowl
Vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl is used to deposit little algae enrichment algae liquid that the results pump is released; Vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl is that common settling bowl converts, and is fixed on the car body, and the little algae liquid of enrichment is stored and sedimentation temporarily, can realize preliminary solid-liquid separation before being transported to the following process workshop, further saves energy consumption.
Common car body is as the carrier of results pump and vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl.Little algae enrichment algae liquid of collecting is transported to dewatering system to be gone out to filter and processed;
Special; Micro algae culturing device 10 can be arranged many covers with microalgae harvesting machine 20; Microalgae harvesting vehicle 30 is gone between a plurality of micro algae culturing devices 10; Through microalgae harvesting vehicle 30 results pump and vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl can be moved between a plurality of micro algae culturing devices 10, realize the collection of the little algae enrichment algae liquid in a plurality of micro algae culturing devices 10.
Through the above-mentioned microalgae harvesting system that the embodiment of the invention provides, the method flow that carries out microalgae harvesting is as shown in Figure 6, and performing step is following:
S101: the microalgae harvesting machine is just in the selection area of the little algae enrichment in the algae liquid in the micro algae culturing device.Be specially:
The microalgae harvesting machine is along being contained with the orbiting that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device of little algae algae liquid, and the harvesting apparatus through install microalgae harvesting machine below filters little algae of collecting in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device.
For example; The microalgae harvesting machine moves (moving process, can allow to-and-fro movement, to-and-fro movement can prevent better that the mesh of filtering net from stopping up) from an end of micro algae culturing device to the other end, can rest on then apart from about the other end 1m or the place of other setpoint distances; To realize little algae enrichment; Algae liquid concentration after the enrichment significantly improves, and reduces about 90% or the workload of preset proportion when making next step collect little algae liquid, pumps algae fluid power consumption thereby reduce greatly.Special, can use baffle plate two portions algae liquid that concentration is different to separate, the shape of baffle plate is selected different shapes for use according to the cross-sectional shape difference of micro algae culturing device.For example the micro algae culturing device of the square-section among Fig. 2 is then selected the rectangle baffle plate for use.
When harvesting tool moves in micro algae culturing device; Concrete shape, size according to the harvesting tool of choosing; With the little running fit of micro algae culturing device sidewall and bottom surface or closely cooperate and friction is arranged when mobile, or only with between the sidewall little gap is arranged or contact and friction arranged when mobile.Special, be installed with flexible material in harvesting tool two sides and bottom, itself and micro algae culturing device sidewall and bottom surface can be closely cooperated, when moving with harvesting tool, the sidewall and the bottom surface of cleaning micro algae culturing device.
Can choose filtering net according to kind of little algae and/or the size of little algae with different mesh apertures; For example: the mesh aperture size of the filtering net that can choose is not waited to 1000 μ m by 1 μ m.
On the microalgae harvesting machine guiding parts is set, to guarantee that the microalgae harvesting machine can be along the orbiting that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device.
S102: microalgae harvesting vehicle is collected the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the micro algae culturing device.Specifically comprise:
The results pump of installing on the microalgae harvesting vehicle is extracted the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in the micro algae culturing device out, deposits in the vehicle-mounted small-sized settling bowl of installing to the microalgae harvesting vehicle.
Special, when micro algae culturing device has when a plurality of, microalgae harvesting vehicle moves between a plurality of said micro algae culturing devices, collects the little algae enrichment algae liquid in the selection area in each micro algae culturing device.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method also comprises:
S103: little algae enrichment algae liquid that microalgae harvesting vehicle will be collected transports to the filter dehydration system.
S104: the algal biscuit after obtaining dewatering filters and processed to the little algae enrichment algae liquid that transports in the filter dehydration system.
The above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method that the embodiment of the invention provides, system and microalgae harvesting machine can be realized robotization, little algae collection cheaply.The microalgae harvesting machine is along being contained with the orbiting that is provided with on the micro algae culturing device of little algae algae liquid; Harvesting apparatus through its below installation; Filter to collect the little algae in the algae liquid, in the selection area of little algae enrichment in the micro algae culturing device, collect through microalgae harvesting vehicle.Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method can make little algae be enriched in the little zone and collect; Improve the concentration of little algae in this regional among a small circle interior algae liquid greatly; Thereby the amount of the algae liquid that need pump when having reduced to collect algae liquid has avoided the circulation of a large amount of algae liquid to pump and filter collection, has reduced working strength; Reduce energy expenditure, improved harvesting work efficient and speed.Efficiently solve the little algae of big area when cultivating, be subject to pump performance, need a large amount of high-power pumps, could satisfy the difficult problem that the little algae of industriallization produces.
Above-mentioned microalgae harvesting method and system; Can realize full automatic microalgae harvesting operation; The microalgae harvesting machine can move along the wall of micro algae culturing device under the driving of PWR PLT automatically, need not manual work and applies power, has further improved the efficient and the speed of microalgae harvesting; And its microalgae harvesting machine translational speed is slow, and it is also very little to consume energy.
The microalgae harvesting machine is provided with harvesting tool; Through selecting for use with big or small close, the harvesting tool that shape is identical of micro algae culturing device xsect and using filtering net; Both can realize staying the algae kind again with in little algae enrichment to little zone, breeding is cultivated in the continuation that is beneficial to little algae.And,, effectively avoided the mesh obstruction through the flushing certainly of to-and-fro movement realization filtering net through selecting for use from washing frame type filtering net.And can select the filtering net mesh of different sizes for use for different algae kinds,, also can realize in batches, optionally gather in the crops little algae in same micro algae culturing device even when multiple little algae is arranged.
The design of microalgae harvesting vehicle has realized the collection of a group equipment to the little algae enrichment in many places algae liquid, through the mobility of microalgae harvesting vehicle, improves usage ratio of equipment, reduces the disposable input of fixed cost.
Compare the filtration of introducing in the technical background, the method for spinning can save energy about 85%, greatly reduces production cost; Compare harvesting methods such as flocculation, air supporting, this method need not to introduce extra chemical substance, can not threaten algae grows; Compare the flocculation of electric field method, this method has generally suitable and operability, to different little algaes, only needs the model of change filtering net, and adjustment filtering net aperture size can realize the collection to little algae of various kinds.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention; But protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any technician who is familiar with the present technique field variation that can expect easily, replaces or is applied to other similar devices in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (26)

1.一种微藻收获机，其特征在于，包括：机架、驱动装置、收获装置和至少一组车轮；1. A microalgae harvester, characterized in that, comprising: a frame, a driving device, a harvesting device and at least one group of wheels; 所述驱动装置安装在所述机架上，用于给与自身相连的一组车轮提供动力；The driving device is installed on the frame and is used to provide power to a group of wheels connected to itself; 所述收获装置固定安装在所述机架的下方，用于过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；The harvesting device is fixedly installed under the frame, and is used to filter and collect the microalgae in the algae liquid, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device; 所述车轮，固定安装在所述机架的下方；其中，至少有一组车轮与所述驱动装置相连，在所述驱动装置提供的动力带动下转动；通过所述车轮的转动带动所述收获装置沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道移动，实现将藻液中的微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内。The wheels are fixedly installed under the frame; wherein at least one set of wheels is connected to the driving device and rotates under the power provided by the driving device; the harvesting device is driven by the rotation of the wheels Moving along the track set on the microalgae cultivation device, the microalgae in the algae liquid can be enriched in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device. 2.如权利要求1所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述收获装置，包括：收获工具和过滤网；2. microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described harvesting device comprises: harvesting tool and filter screen; 所述收获工具，固定安装在所述机架的下方；The harvesting tool is fixedly installed under the frame; 所述过滤网，安装在所述收获工具上，用于在随所述收获工具移动时，过滤藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内。The filter screen, installed on the harvesting tool, is used to filter the microalgae in the algae liquid when moving with the harvesting tool, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device . 3.如权利要求2所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述驱动装置，包括：动力装置和传动装置；3. The microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drive unit comprises: a power unit and a transmission unit; 所述传动装置固定安装在所述机架的中间空腔内，与固定安装在所述机架的上方的所述动力装置相连；并将所述动力装置提供的动力传送给与自身相连的一组车轮。The transmission device is fixedly installed in the middle cavity of the frame, and is connected with the power device fixedly installed above the frame; and transmits the power provided by the power device to a connected to itself set of wheels. 4.如权利要求3所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述传动装置，包括：皮带和两个带轮；4. The microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transmission device comprises: a belt and two pulleys; 所述两个带轮均安装在所述机架的中间空腔内，其中，一个带轮与所述动力装置连接，另一个带轮与一组车轮同轴连接；The two pulleys are installed in the middle cavity of the frame, wherein one pulley is connected with the power device, and the other pulley is connected coaxially with a group of wheels; 所述皮带与所述两个带轮组成皮带传动机构，带动所述车轮做旋转运动。The belt and the two pulleys form a belt transmission mechanism, which drives the wheels to rotate. 5.如权利要求4所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述传动装置，还包括：蜗轮和蜗杆；5. The microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 4, wherein the transmission device further comprises: a worm wheel and a worm; 所述蜗轮和蜗杆，安装在机架的中间空腔内；所述蜗杆与所述动力装置连接，所述蜗轮再与所述一个带轮相连接，实现动力的传送。The worm wheel and the worm are installed in the middle cavity of the frame; the worm is connected with the power device, and the worm wheel is connected with the one pulley to realize power transmission. 6.如权利要求2-5任一所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述收获工具的形状和大小，由所述微藻培养装置横截面形状和微藻的悬浮状态确定；具体包括：6. as the arbitrary described microalgae harvester of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that, the shape and the size of described harvesting tool are determined by the suspended state of described microalgae cultivation device cross-sectional shape and microalgae; Specifically include: 若微藻悬浮分布于藻液中，则所述收获工具的大小等于或略小于微藻培养装置横截面的大小，形状与所述横截面相同；If the microalgae are suspended and distributed in the algae liquid, the size of the harvesting tool is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the cross section of the microalgae cultivation device, and the shape is the same as the cross section; 若微藻浮于藻液表面或沉于藻液的底部，则所述收获工具的大小和形状由微藻分布区域高度及所述微藻培养装置该高度范围内的横截面形状确定。If the microalgae floats on the surface of the algae liquid or sinks at the bottom of the algae liquid, the size and shape of the harvesting tool are determined by the height of the distribution area of the microalgae and the cross-sectional shape of the microalgae cultivation device within the height range. 7.如权利要求6所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述收获工具两侧面及底部有柔性物质，用于在随收获工具移动时，清洁微藻培养装置的侧壁和底面。7. The microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the two sides and the bottom of the harvesting tool have flexible materials for cleaning the side wall and the bottom of the microalgae cultivation device when moving with the harvesting tool. 8.如权利要求7所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，所述过滤网的网孔孔径大小的取值范围为1μm～1000μm，具体根据微藻的品种和/或微藻的大小选取具有不同网孔孔径的过滤网。8. The microalgae harvester as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the value range of the mesh aperture size of the filter screen is 1 μm to 1000 μm, which is specifically selected according to the type of microalgae and/or the size of the microalgae Filters with different mesh pore sizes. 9.如权利要求1-5任一所述的微藻收获机，其特征在于，还包括：9. The microalgae harvester according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising: 导向部件，安装在所述机架前边或后边的外壁上，用于保证所述微藻收获机沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动。The guide part is installed on the front or rear outer wall of the frame, and is used to ensure that the microalgae harvester moves along the track provided on the microalgae cultivation device. 10.一种微藻收获系统，其特征在于，包括：微藻培养装置、微藻收获机和微藻收获车；10. A microalgae harvesting system, comprising: a microalgae cultivation device, a microalgae harvester and a microalgae harvesting vehicle; 所述微藻培养装置，用于盛放含有微藻的藻液，其上设置有轨道；The microalgae cultivation device is used to hold the algae liquid containing microalgae, and a track is arranged on it; 所述微藻收获机，用于沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动，通过其下方设置的收获装置，过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；The microalgae harvester is used to move along the track provided on the microalgae cultivation device, and filter and collect the microalgae in the algae liquid through the harvesting device provided below it, so as to enrich the microalgae into the microalgae cultivation within a selected area of the device; 所述微藻收获车，用于收集所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液；The microalgae harvesting vehicle is used to collect the microalgae-enriched algae liquid in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device; 所述微藻收获机，包括：机架、驱动装置、收获装置和至少一组车轮；The microalgae harvester includes: a frame, a driving device, a harvesting device and at least one set of wheels; 所述驱动装置安装在所述机架上，用于给与自身相连的一组车轮提供动力；The driving device is installed on the frame and is used to provide power to a group of wheels connected to itself; 所述收获装置固定安装在所述机架的下方，用于过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；The harvesting device is fixedly installed under the frame, and is used to filter and collect the microalgae in the algae liquid, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device; 所述车轮，固定安装在所述机架的下方；其中，至少有一组车轮与所述驱动装置相连，在所述驱动装置提供的动力带动下转动；通过所述车轮的转动带动所述收获装置沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道移动，实现将藻液中的微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内。The wheels are fixedly installed under the frame; wherein at least one set of wheels is connected to the driving device and rotates under the power provided by the driving device; the harvesting device is driven by the rotation of the wheels Moving along the track set on the microalgae cultivation device, the microalgae in the algae liquid can be enriched in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device. 11.如权利要求10所述的微藻收获系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获机中包含的所述收获装置，包括：收获工具和过滤网；11. microalgae harvesting system as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, the described harvesting device that comprises in described microalgae harvester comprises: harvesting tool and filter screen; 所述收获工具，固定安装在所述机架的下方；The harvesting tool is fixedly installed under the frame; 所述过滤网，安装在所述收获工具上，用于在随所述收获工具移动时，过滤藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内。The filter screen, installed on the harvesting tool, is used to filter the microalgae in the algae liquid when moving with the harvesting tool, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device . 12.如权利要求11所述的微藻收获系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获机中包含的所述驱动装置，包括：动力装置和传动装置；12. The microalgae harvesting system as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, the drive unit included in the microalgae harvester comprises: a power unit and a transmission; 所述传动装置固定安装在所述机架的中间空腔内，与固定安装在所述机架的上方的所述动力装置相连；并将所述动力装置提供的动力传送给与自身相连的一组车轮。The transmission device is fixedly installed in the middle cavity of the frame, and is connected with the power device fixedly installed above the frame; and transmits the power provided by the power device to a connected to itself set of wheels. 13.如权利要求12所述的系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获机还包括：13. The system of claim 12, wherein the microalgae harvester further comprises: 导向部件，安装在所述机架前边或后边的外壁上，用于保证所述微藻收获机沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动。The guide part is installed on the front or rear outer wall of the frame, and is used to ensure that the microalgae harvester moves along the track provided on the microalgae cultivation device. 14.如权利要求11所述的系统，其特征在于，所述收获工具的形状和大小，由所述微藻培养装置横截面形状和微藻的悬浮状态确定；具体包括：14. The system according to claim 11, wherein the shape and size of the harvesting tool are determined by the cross-sectional shape of the microalgae cultivation device and the suspension state of the microalgae; specifically comprising: 若微藻悬浮分布于藻液中，则所述收获工具的大小等于或略小于微藻培养装置横截面的大小，形状与所述横截面相同；If the microalgae are suspended and distributed in the algae liquid, the size of the harvesting tool is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the cross section of the microalgae cultivation device, and the shape is the same as the cross section; 若微藻浮于藻液表面或沉于藻液的底部，则所述收获工具的大小和形状由微藻分布区域高度及所述微藻培养装置该高度范围内的横截面形状确定。If the microalgae floats on the surface of the algae liquid or sinks at the bottom of the algae liquid, the size and shape of the harvesting tool are determined by the height of the distribution area of the microalgae and the cross-sectional shape of the microalgae cultivation device within the height range. 15.如权利要求14所述的系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获机上安装的收获工具两侧面及底部有柔性物质，用于在随收获工具移动时，清洁微藻培养装置的侧壁和底面。15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the harvesting tool installed on the microalgae harvester has flexible materials on both sides and bottom, for cleaning the side wall of the microalgae cultivation device when moving with the harvesting tool and the underside. 16.如权利要求11所述的微藻收获系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获机上安装的过滤网的网孔孔径大小的取值范围为1μm～1000μm，具体根据微藻的品种和/或微藻的大小选取具有不同网孔孔径的过滤网。16. The microalgae harvesting system as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, the mesh aperture size of the filter screen installed on the microalgae harvester is in the range of 1 μm to 1000 μm, specifically according to the species of microalgae and/or Or the size of microalgae selects the filter screen with different mesh apertures. 17.如权利要求10-16任一所述的微藻收获系统，其特征在于，所述微藻收获车，包括：收获泵、车载小型沉降池和普通车体；17. The microalgae harvesting system according to any one of claims 10-16, wherein the microalgae harvesting vehicle includes: a harvesting pump, a vehicle-mounted small settling tank and an ordinary vehicle body; 所述收获泵，用于将所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液抽出；The harvesting pump is used to extract the microalgae-enriched algae liquid in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device; 所述车载小型沉降池，用于存放所述收获泵抽出来的微藻富集藻液；The vehicle-mounted small settling tank is used to store the microalgae-enriched algae liquid pumped out by the harvesting pump; 所述普通车体，用作所述收获泵和车载小型沉降池的载体，使所述收获泵和车载小型沉降池在多个所述微藻培养装置之间移动。The common car body is used as the carrier of the harvest pump and the vehicle-mounted small sedimentation tank, so that the harvest pump and the vehicle-mounted small sedimentation tank can move between multiple microalgae cultivation devices. 18.如权利要求17所述的微藻收获系统，其特征在于，还包括：18. The microalgae harvesting system as claimed in claim 17, further comprising: 过滤脱水系统，用于对所述微藻收获车运送过来的微藻富集藻液进行过滤和脱水处理，得到脱水后的藻饼。The filtration and dehydration system is used for filtering and dehydrating the microalgae-enriched liquid transported by the microalgae harvesting vehicle to obtain a dehydrated algae cake. 19.一种微藻收获方法，其特征在于，包括：19. A method for harvesting microalgae, comprising: 微藻收获机沿盛放有微藻藻液的微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动，通过其下方安装的收获装置，过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；以及The microalgae harvester moves along the track set on the microalgae culture device containing the microalgae liquid, and through the harvesting device installed below it, collects the microalgae in the algae liquid by filtration, and enriches the microalgae into the microalgae within selected areas of the culture device; and 微藻收获车收集所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液；The microalgae harvesting vehicle collects the microalgae-enriched algae liquid in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device; 所述微藻收获机，包括：机架、驱动装置、收获装置和至少一组车轮；The microalgae harvester includes: a frame, a driving device, a harvesting device and at least one set of wheels; 所述驱动装置安装在所述机架上，用于给与自身相连的一组车轮提供动力；The driving device is installed on the frame and is used to provide power to a group of wheels connected to itself; 所述收获装置固定安装在所述机架的下方，用于过滤收集藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；The harvesting device is fixedly installed under the frame, and is used to filter and collect the microalgae in the algae liquid, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device; 所述车轮，固定安装在所述机架的下方；其中，至少有一组车轮与所述驱动装置相连，在所述驱动装置提供的动力带动下转动；通过所述车轮的转动带动所述收获装置沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道移动，实现将藻液中的微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内。The wheels are fixedly installed under the frame; wherein at least one set of wheels is connected to the driving device and rotates under the power provided by the driving device; the harvesting device is driven by the rotation of the wheels Moving along the track set on the microalgae cultivation device, the microalgae in the algae liquid can be enriched in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device. 20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述收获装置包括收获工具和过滤网，所述收获工具固定安装在所述机架的下方，所述过滤网，安装在所述收获工具上，用于在随所述收获工具移动时，过滤藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内，所述收获工具的形状和大小，由所述微藻培养装置横截面形状和微藻的悬浮状态确定；具体包括：20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the harvesting device comprises a harvesting tool and a filter screen, the harvesting tool is fixedly installed under the frame, and the filter screen is installed on the harvesting device. A tool for filtering the microalgae in the algae liquid and enriching the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device when moving with the harvesting tool, the shape and size of the harvesting tool, Determined by the cross-sectional shape of the microalgae cultivation device and the suspension state of the microalgae; specifically include: 若微藻悬浮分布于藻液中，则所述收获工具的大小等于或略小于微藻培养装置横截面的大小，形状与所述横截面相同；If the microalgae are suspended and distributed in the algae liquid, the size of the harvesting tool is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the cross section of the microalgae cultivation device, and the shape is the same as the cross section; 若微藻浮于藻液表面或沉于藻液的底部，则所述收获工具的大小和形状由微藻分布区域高度及所述微藻培养装置该高度范围内的横截面形状确定。If the microalgae floats on the surface of the algae liquid or sinks at the bottom of the algae liquid, the size and shape of the harvesting tool are determined by the height of the distribution area of the microalgae and the cross-sectional shape of the microalgae cultivation device within the height range. 21.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：21. The method of claim 19, further comprising: 所述微藻收获机上设置保证其沿所述微藻培养装置上设置的轨道运动的导向部件。The microalgae harvester is provided with guide components to ensure its movement along the track provided on the microalgae cultivation device. 22.如权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述收获装置包括收获工具和过滤网，所述收获工具固定安装在所述机架的下方，所述过滤网，安装在所述收获工具上，用于在随所述收获工具移动时，过滤藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；所述收获工具两侧面及底部固定安装有柔性物质，在随收获工具移动时，清洁微藻培养装置的侧壁和底面。22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the harvesting device comprises a harvesting tool and a filter screen, the harvesting tool is fixedly installed under the frame, and the filter screen is installed on the harvesting The tool is used to filter the microalgae in the algae liquid when moving with the harvesting tool, and enrich the microalgae into the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device; the two sides and the bottom of the harvesting tool are fixed A flexible substance is installed to clean the side wall and the bottom surface of the microalgae cultivation device when moving with the harvesting tool. 23.如权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，根据微藻的品种和/或微藻的大小选取具有不同网孔孔径的过滤网，其中过滤网固定安装在所述微藻收获机包括的所述收获装置中的收获工具上，用于在随所述收获工具移动时，过滤藻液中的微藻，将微藻富集到所述微藻培养装置中的选定区域内；23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, according to the type of microalgae and/or the size of microalgae, the filter screens with different mesh apertures are selected, wherein the filter screen is fixedly installed in the microalgae harvester including The harvesting tool in the harvesting device is used to filter the microalgae in the algae liquid when moving with the harvesting tool, and enrich the microalgae into a selected area in the microalgae cultivation device; 所述过滤网的网孔孔径大小的取值范围为1μm～1000μm。The value range of the mesh aperture of the filter screen is 1 μm˜1000 μm. 24.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述微藻收获车收集所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液，具体包括：24. The method according to claim 19, wherein the microalgae harvesting vehicle collects the microalgae-enriched algae liquid in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device, specifically comprising: 所述微藻收获车上安装的收获泵将所述微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液抽出，存放至所述微藻收获车上安装的车载小型沉降池中。The harvesting pump installed on the microalgae harvesting vehicle pumps out the microalgae-enriched liquid in the selected area of the microalgae cultivation device, and stores it in the vehicle-mounted small settling tank installed on the microalgae harvesting vehicle. 25.如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述微藻培养装置有多个时，所述微藻收获车在多个所述微藻培养装置之间移动，收集各个微藻培养装置中选定区域内的微藻富集藻液。25. The method according to claim 24, wherein when there are multiple microalgae cultivation devices, the microalgae harvesting vehicle moves between a plurality of microalgae cultivation devices to collect each microalgae The microalgae in the selected area of the culture device are enriched with algae liquid. 26.如权利要求19-25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：26. The method according to any one of claims 19-25, further comprising: 过滤脱水系统对所述微藻收获车运送过来的微藻富集藻液进行过滤和脱水处理，得到脱水后的藻饼。The filtration and dehydration system filters and dehydrates the microalgae-enriched liquid transported by the microalgae harvesting vehicle to obtain a dehydrated algae cake.
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