CN112763486A - Composite material wall plate array hole detection method based on line laser scanning - Google Patents
Composite material wall plate array hole detection method based on line laser scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN112763486A CN112763486A CN202011376667.3A CN202011376667A CN112763486A CN 112763486 A CN112763486 A CN 112763486A CN 202011376667 A CN202011376667 A CN 202011376667A CN 112763486 A CN112763486 A CN 112763486A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material wall plate array hole detection method based on line laser scanning, which comprises the steps of projecting line laser to the surface of a detected object by adopting a laser, acquiring laser stripes on the surface of the detected object by an industrial camera to further acquire wall plate outer surface data and hole bottom data, acquiring hole section data line by line from point cloud data acquired by scanning, and judging whether holes are transparent or not and realizing the detection of the through hole rate of the whole wall plate by analyzing and processing the point cloud data. The method can quickly and reliably detect the through hole rate of the array holes on the wall plate type parts of the airplane, improves the inspection efficiency and the delivery progress of products, and has better practicability. The invention integrates the line laser scanning technology and the point cloud processing technology, and realizes the rapid detection of the through hole rate of the array holes of the airplane wall plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital measurement, and particularly relates to a method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning.
Background
The noise is an important index of airworthiness of an airplane, particularly a civil airplane, and the reduction of the noise of an engine is one of the keys of the structural design of the airplane. Aircraft engines attenuate and suppress engine noise by using composite material panels and providing a large number of arrays of holes of small diameter
And a large number (the number is in ten thousand).
In the manufacturing process, the situation that holes are blocked by surplus materials can be generated, and the noise reduction effect is weakened, so that in the acceptance stage, the through hole rate of the holes is used as an important acceptance index, namely whether the through hole rate or the through rate of the array holes on the composite material wall plate meets the acceptance requirement or not needs to be determined. However, since the number of holes is large, the efficiency of manual checking one by one is too low, and when ten thousand holes are detected, the production beat and delivery progress are seriously affected, and the product acceptance is difficult.
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for detecting the through hole rate of an array hole of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning, which includes the steps of obtaining point cloud on a detected wall plate by using a line laser scanning technology, analyzing point cloud data at a hole area, and judging and detecting the through hole rate of the array hole. The method can greatly improve the detection efficiency, simultaneously avoid the misjudgment generated by artificial detection and ensure the efficiency and the reliability of the detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting array holes of a composite material wallboard based on line laser scanning, which can quickly and reliably detect the through hole rate of the array holes on the wall board type component of an airplane, improves the inspection efficiency and the delivery progress of products and has better practicability. The invention integrates the line laser scanning technology and the point cloud processing technology, and realizes the rapid detection of the through hole rate of the array holes of the airplane wall plate.
The invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting array holes of composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning includes projecting line laser to surface of object to be detected by laser, collecting laser stripe on surface of object to be detected by industrial camera to obtain data of external surface of wall plate and data of bottom of hole, obtaining data of cross section of hole line by line from point cloud data obtained by scanning,
if the distance between the point cloud data of the bottom of the hole of the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured wall plate is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the hole is considered to be blocked;
if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the wall plate is regarded as partial blockage;
if the bottom of the cross-section point cloud data is free of point cloud data, the fact that holes are not plugged by excess substances within the range of the thickness h of the wall plate is proved, and the wall plate is regarded as a through hole;
if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is greater than the thickness h of the wall plate, the cross section point cloud data is regarded as a through hole;
and if the distance between the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is less than the thickness h of the wall plate, determining that the wall plate is suspected to be blocked.
In order to better realize the method, further, aiming at the condition of suspected blockage, adjacent sections of the current section are continuously extracted, the extraction of the sections covers the whole aperture range, if the sections cannot be judged to be through holes, namely, if the distance between point cloud data of the hole bottom and the upper surface of the wall plate to be detected, which meet the point cloud data of the sections, is smaller than the thickness of the wall plate or the distance between the point cloud data and the upper surface of the object to be detected is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the holes are considered to be blocked, and the holes cannot be conducted.
In order to better implement the invention, an industrial camera is further adopted to measure the hole to be measured, and the laser stripe at the bottom of the hole to be measured can be shot, wherein the length L of the laser stripe is more than or equal to the size of the covered hole.
To better implement the present invention, further, the length L of the laser stripe:
L≥du×(n-1)+d
and should satisfy:
wherein d is the pore diameter duIs a horizontal spacing, dvVertical spacing, h depth, n number of holes; h is the distance from the industrial camera to the bottom of the measured hole, and theta is the included angle between the axis of the light path and the normal vector of the hole.
In order to better implement the present invention, further, according to the determination result, the through-hole rate is calculated:
1-N/n
wherein N is the number of the plugging holes.
Firstly, according to parameters such as depth, aperture, array parameters (hole spacing) and the like of a detected hole, parameters such as the distance between a camera of a line laser scanning detection system and a detected object, the distance between the line laser scanning system and the detected object and the like are determined; and then, detecting the detected object by using a line laser scanning system to obtain point cloud data of the detected object, and finally, judging whether the hole is through or not by analyzing and processing the point cloud, and realizing the detection of the through hole rate of the whole wall plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention obtains the point cloud on the detected wall plate by utilizing the line laser scanning technology, analyzes the point cloud data at the hole area, and further judges and detects the through hole rate of the array holes. The invention can greatly improve the detection efficiency, simultaneously avoid the misjudgment generated by artificial detection and ensure the efficiency and the reliability of the detection.
(2) The method can quickly and reliably detect the through hole rate of the array holes of the aircraft panel, improves the detection efficiency and shortens the delivery cycle. Meanwhile, the invention can also be extended to the industries of ships, automobiles and the like to detect and judge the through hole rate of similar array holes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an object under test;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of laser scanning measurement;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of point cloud data;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating through hole determination.
Wherein: 1. the method comprises the following steps of laser, 2, an industrial camera, 3, a measured object, 4, a measured hole, 5, a point cloud section, 6, a first measured hole, 7, a second measured hole, 8, a third measured hole, 9, a fourth measured hole and 10, a fifth measured hole.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, a laser 1 is adopted to project line laser to the surface of a detected object 3, laser stripes passing through the surface of the detected object 3 are collected by an industrial camera 2, then outer surface data and hole bottom data of the wall plate are obtained, and hole section data are obtained line by line from point cloud data obtained by scanning:
if the distance between the point cloud data of the hole bottom of the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured wall plate is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the hole is considered to be blocked, for example, a first measured hole 6 in fig. 5;
secondly, if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is less than the thickness h of the wall plate, the wall plate is regarded as being partially blocked, for example, a second measured hole 7 in the graph of fig. 5;
if the point cloud data does not exist at the bottom of the point cloud data of the cross section, the fact that holes are not blocked by excess materials in the thickness h range of the wall plate is proved, the wall plate is regarded as a through hole, for example, a third measured hole 8 in the graph 5;
if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is greater than the thickness h of the wall plate, the cross section point cloud data is regarded as a through hole, such as a fourth measured hole 9 in fig. 5;
and fifthly, if the distance between the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is less than the thickness h of the wall plate, determining that the wall plate is suspected to be blocked, for example, a fifth measured hole 10 in the graph of fig. 5.
The invention obtains the point cloud on the detected wall plate by utilizing the line laser scanning technology, analyzes the point cloud data at the hole area, and further judges and detects the through hole rate of the array holes. The invention can greatly improve the detection efficiency, simultaneously avoid the misjudgment generated by artificial detection and ensure the efficiency and the reliability of the detection.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, optimization is performed on the basis of embodiment 1, and for the suspected blockage situation, adjacent sections of the current section are continuously extracted, the extraction of the section covers the whole aperture range, and if it is still not determined that the section is a through hole, that is, if the distance between point cloud data of the hole bottom satisfying the point cloud data of the section and the upper surface of the wall plate to be detected is smaller than the wall plate thickness or the distance between the point cloud data and the upper surface of the object to be detected 3 is smaller than the wall plate thickness h, it is determined that the hole is blocked by the hole, that is, the hole cannot
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
the embodiment is optimized on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the measured hole 4 is measured by the industrial camera 2, and the laser stripe at the bottom of the measured hole 4 can be shot, wherein the length L of the laser stripe is greater than or equal to the size of the covered hole.
Further, the length L of the laser stripe:
L≥du×(n-1)+d
and should satisfy:
wherein d is the pore diameter duIs a horizontal spacing, dvVertical spacing, h depth, n number of holes; h is the distance from the industrial camera 2 to the bottom of the measured hole 4, and theta is the included angle between the axis of the light path and the normal vector of the hole.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1 or 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Example 4:
a method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning is disclosed, as shown in figures 1-5, firstly, parameters such as the distance between a camera of a line laser scanning detection system and a measured object 3, the distance between the line laser scanning system and the measured object 3 and the like are determined according to parameters such as the depth, the aperture, the array parameters (hole spacing) and the like of a detected hole; and then, detecting the detected object 3 by using a line laser scanning system to obtain point cloud data of the detected object, and finally, judging whether the holes are transparent or not by analyzing and processing the point cloud, and realizing the detection of the through hole rate of the whole wall plate. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: in fig. 1, a laser 1 projects line laser to the surface of a measured object 3, and laser stripes modulated by the surface of the measured object 3 are collected by an industrial camera 2. The acquired image is compared with the reference image to reflect the surface appearance of the measured object 3. And storing the acquired point cloud data in a computer.
Step 2: in fig. 2, the object 3 to be measured comprises a series of array wells, and the specific parameters can be expressed as: aperture d, horizontal spacing duVertical distance dvAnd a depth h.
And step 3: in fig. 3, 2. the industrial camera 2 measures 4. the measured hole 4, and the laser stripe at the bottom of the measured hole 4 can be ensured to be shot.
And 4, step 4: in FIG. 2, in order to measure a plurality of holes at a time, it is first ensured that the length L of the laser stripe is equal to or greater than the size of the covered hole, i.e., the length L of the laser stripe is equal to or greater than the size of the covered hole
L≥du×(n-1)+d (1)
Wherein n is the number of pores.
Furthermore, it should also be satisfied that:
and 5: the point cloud data obtained is shown in fig. 4, in which fig. 4 a point cloud section 5 is cut out.
Step 6: the obtained point cloud interface is shown in FIG. 5, and the blockage condition of the hole can be judged in FIG. 5
(1) In fig. 5, the distance between the data of the bottom of the first measured hole 6 and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, so that the first measured hole is considered to be possibly blocked;
(2) in fig. 5, in the second measured hole 7, the distance between the bottom part point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, which can be regarded as partial blockage;
(3) in fig. 5, the bottom of the third hole 8 to be measured has no point cloud data, which proves that no excess substance blocks the hole within the thickness h of the wall plate and can be regarded as a through hole;
(4) in fig. 5, the distance between the bottom point cloud data of the fourth measured hole 9 and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is greater than the thickness h of the wall plate, and the fourth measured hole can be regarded as a through hole;
(5) in fig. 5, in the fifth measured hole 10, the distance between the point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object 3 is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, which is considered to be possible blockage.
And 7: for holes which are likely to be blocked, continuously extracting adjacent sections of the current section, wherein the extraction of the sections covers the whole aperture range, if the sections cannot be judged as through holes, namely the through holes meet the judgment conditions (1) and (5) in the step 6, the holes are considered to be blocked, namely the through holes cannot be conducted;
and 8: judging point cloud data according to the judgment principle of the step 6-7, namely judging whether each hole is conducted;
and step 9: according to the judgment result, the through hole rate can be calculated according to the following formula,
1-N/n(2)
wherein N is the number of the plugging holes.
The invention obtains the point cloud on the detected wall plate by utilizing the line laser scanning technology, analyzes the point cloud data at the hole area, and further judges and detects the through hole rate of the array holes. The invention can greatly improve the detection efficiency, simultaneously avoid the misjudgment generated by artificial detection and ensure the efficiency and the reliability of the detection.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning is characterized in that a laser is adopted to project line laser to the surface of a detected object, laser stripes passing through the surface of the detected object are collected by an industrial camera, further, the data of the outer surface of the wall plate and the data of the bottom of a hole are obtained, the data of the section of the hole are obtained line by line from point cloud data obtained by scanning,
if the distance between the point cloud data of the bottom of the hole of the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured wall plate is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the hole is considered to be blocked;
if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is smaller than the thickness h of the wall plate, the wall plate is regarded as partial blockage;
if the bottom of the cross-section point cloud data is free of point cloud data, the fact that holes are not plugged by excess substances within the range of the thickness h of the wall plate is proved, and the wall plate is regarded as a through hole;
if the distance between the bottom part point cloud data of the cross section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is greater than the thickness h of the wall plate, the cross section point cloud data is regarded as a through hole;
and if the distance between the cross-section point cloud data and the upper surface of the measured object is less than the thickness h of the wall plate, determining that the wall plate is suspected to be blocked.
2. The method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein for the suspected blockage situation, the adjacent section of the current section is continuously extracted, the extraction of the section covers the whole aperture range, if the section can not be judged as a through hole, namely if the distance between the point cloud data of the hole bottom satisfying the point cloud data of the section and the upper surface of the detected wall plate is smaller than the wall plate thickness or the distance between the point cloud data and the upper surface of the detected object is smaller than the wall plate thickness h, the hole is considered to be blocked, namely the hole can not be conducted.
3. The method for detecting the array holes of the composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an industrial camera is used for measuring the hole to be detected, and a laser stripe at the bottom of the hole to be detected can be shot, and the length L of the laser stripe is greater than or equal to the size of the covered hole.
4. The method for detecting array holes of composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length L of the laser stripe is:
L≥du×(n-1)+d
and should satisfy:
wherein d is the pore diameter duIs a horizontal spacing, dvVertical spacing, h depth, n number of holes; h is the distance from the industrial camera to the bottom of the measured hole, and theta is the included angle between the axis of the light path and the normal vector of the hole.
5. The method for detecting array holes of a composite material wall plate based on line laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the through hole rate is calculated according to the judgment result:
1-N/n
wherein N is the number of the plugging holes.
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