CN110657752A - Array hole through-void ratio measuring method based on optical fiber displacement sensor - Google Patents
Array hole through-void ratio measuring method based on optical fiber displacement sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110657752A CN110657752A CN201911011061.7A CN201911011061A CN110657752A CN 110657752 A CN110657752 A CN 110657752A CN 201911011061 A CN201911011061 A CN 201911011061A CN 110657752 A CN110657752 A CN 110657752A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/22—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring depth
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Abstract
The invention discloses an array hole through-void ratio measuring method based on an optical fiber displacement sensor, which is characterized in that the optical fiber displacement sensor is driven by numerical control equipment to move at a constant distance from the surface of a part, and the moving track passes through the axis of a hole to be measured, so that whether the hole is any one of a through hole, a non-hole and a blind hole is judged; and drawing a distance-displacement relation graph output by the optical fiber sensor, and calculating the through hole rate by combining the graph. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is mainly used for measuring the through hole rate of dense and large-quantity array holes, and has high automation degree and high measuring efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a method for measuring the through-hole ratio of an array hole based on an optical fiber displacement sensor.
Background
Holes are common machining structural features in manufacturing engineering of airplanes, automobiles and the like, and exist on structures such as frames, beams, skins, wall plates and the like in a large quantity. Statistically, there are millions of holes in an aircraft, and even tens of thousands of holes in individual parts, such as aircraft sound-deadening holes. The quality problem of the holes on the parts directly influences the assembly of the structure or various performance indexes of the product, so the inspection of the holes of the parts is an important link for controlling the quality of the product.
At present, universal measuring tools such as plug-type plug gauges and aperture gauges are mainly adopted for detecting holes in enterprises, and operators insert the tools along the axis of the hole by holding the universal tools to check whether the diameter depth of each hole meets the requirement or not. The detection mode is only suitable for the condition that the holes of the parts are few, and the feasibility of the parts with more holes is poor. The noise reduction structure on the airplane consists of a large number of array blind holes, and the through hole rate cannot be measured by the conventional measuring means. Therefore, a method for efficiently measuring the through-hole rate of the densely arrayed holes is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an array hole through-void ratio measuring method based on an optical fiber displacement sensor, which can effectively measure the universal rate and has high automation degree and high measuring efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring the through-hole void ratio of an array hole based on an optical fiber displacement sensor drives the optical fiber displacement sensor to move away from the surface of a part at a constant distance through numerical control equipment, and the moving track passes through the axis of a hole to be measured, so that whether the hole is any one of a through hole, a non-hole and a blind hole is judged; and drawing a distance-displacement relation graph output by the optical fiber sensor, and calculating the through hole rate by combining the graph.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: a measuring track is formulated according to the position of the hole on the surface of the part, and the distance from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part is set to be a constant distance d0 all the time;
step S2: controlling the optical fiber displacement sensor to move along the measuring track through numerical control equipment, and acquiring the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part in real time;
step S3: setting the displacement of the optical fiber displacement sensor along the measuring track as S; drawing a relation graph of the distance ds between the real-time acquisition optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S;
step S4: and judging to obtain the number of the through holes and the blind holes according to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, and calculating the through hole rate of the part.
Further, in order to better implement the determining method in step S4 of the present invention, specifically, the determining method includes: setting the depth of the hole to be H; the judgment condition of the depth of the hole on the surface of the part is as follows:
the detection area is a through hole: ds-d0> 0.8H;
the detection zone is non-porous: ds-d0< 0.2H;
the detection area is a blind hole: 0.2H < ds-d0< 0.8H.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the method, according to a relation graph of the distance ds from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part and the displacement S, the number of the through holes is X, and the number of the blind holes is Y; the through hole rate is X/X + Y.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the numerical control equipment has three freedom degrees of movement in the coordinate axis direction and two freedom degrees of rotation in a Cartesian coordinate system, so that the optical fiber displacement sensor fixed at the tail end of the numerical control equipment can be perpendicular to the tangent plane of the measuring point of the part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention is mainly used for measuring the through hole rate of dense and large-quantity array holes, and has high automation degree and high measuring efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a distance ds from a surface of a part to a displacement S of an optical fiber displacement sensor for real-time acquisition according to the present invention;
1, an optical fiber displacement sensor; 2. measuring a track; 3. the surface of the part.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for measuring the through-hole void ratio of the array hole based on the optical fiber displacement sensor drives the optical fiber displacement sensor to move away from the surface of a part at a constant distance through numerical control equipment, and the moving track passes through the axis of a hole to be measured, so that whether the optical fiber displacement sensor is any one of a through hole, a non-hole and a blind hole is judged; and drawing a distance-displacement relation graph output by the optical fiber sensor, and calculating the through hole rate by combining the graph.
It should be noted that, through the above improvement, the numerical control device drives the optical fiber displacement sensor to move along the movement track under the condition that the distance above the surface of the part is kept unchanged, when measuring, the optical fiber displacement sensor emits a light beam to the surface of the part, if a blind hole is measured, the light beam enters the bottom of the blind hole, and if a through hole is measured, the light beam penetrates through the through hole; if the measurement is non-hole, the light beam irradiates the surface of the part; meanwhile, the light beams irradiate different distances on the surfaces of the through hole, the blind hole and the part to judge whether the through hole or the blind hole is formed. And calculating the through hole rate according to the data of the through holes and the blind holes. The through-hole rate is the sum of the number of the through-holes divided by the number of the through-holes and the number of the blind holes.
Example 2:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and further, to better implement the present invention, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: a measuring track is formulated according to the position of the hole on the surface of the part, and the distance from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part is set to be a constant distance d0 all the time;
step S2: controlling the optical fiber displacement sensor to move along the measuring track through numerical control equipment, and acquiring the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part in real time;
step S3: setting the displacement of the optical fiber displacement sensor along the measuring track as S; drawing a relation graph of the distance ds between the real-time acquisition optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S;
step S4: and judging to obtain the number of the through holes and the blind holes according to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, and calculating the through hole rate of the part.
It should be noted that, with the above improvement, the constant distance d0 prevents inaccurate measurement caused by the change of the position of the optical fiber displacement sensor, so that errors occur in subsequent judgment; influence the calculation of the through-hole rate.
In the measuring process, the optical fiber displacement sensor moves along a measuring track under the driving of the numerical control equipment, the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part is collected to be a change value, and the change is carried out according to whether the distance measured by the optical fiber displacement sensor is the distance of the surface of the part or the distance of a blind hole on the surface of the part or a through hole on the surface of the part.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, further optimization is performed on the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, further, to better implement the determining method in step S4 of the present invention specifically includes: setting the depth of the hole to be H; the judgment condition of the depth of the hole on the surface of the part is as follows:
the detection area is a through hole: d(s) -d0> 0.8H;
the detection zone is non-porous: d(s) -d0< 0.2H;
the detection area is a blind hole: 0.2H < d(s) -d0< 0.8H.
It is noted that, with the above-mentioned improvements,
other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 4:
the present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, further, in order to better implement the present invention, it can be known from a relationship diagram of a distance ds from the fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the component and a displacement S that is acquired in real time, the number of the through holes is X, and the number of the blind holes is Y; the through hole rate is X/X + Y.
It should be noted that, through the above improvement, as shown in fig. 2, the number of through holes can be obtained according to a relation graph of the distance ds from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part and the displacement S of the part, and a judgment formula that the detection area is a through hole, and the number of blind holes can be obtained according to a relation graph of the distance ds from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part and the displacement S of the part, and a judgment formula that the detection area is a blind hole; and then the number of holes on the surface of the part can be obtained, and the through hole rate of the through holes on the surface of the part can be obtained by dividing the number of the through holes by the total number of the holes.
Compared with the prior art that universal measuring tools such as a plug pin type plug gauge, an aperture gauge and the like are adopted, an operator can insert the tool along the axis of a hole by holding the universal tool to check whether the diameter depth of each hole meets the requirement or not in sequence.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 5:
the present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiments, and further, in order to better implement the present invention, the numerical control device has three degrees of freedom of movement in the coordinate axis direction and two degrees of freedom of rotation in the cartesian coordinate system, so that the optical fiber displacement sensor fixed at the end of the numerical control device can be perpendicular to the tangent plane of the measurement point of the component.
It should be noted that, with the above improvement, the side of the optical fiber displacement sensor close to the surface of the component can be always perpendicular to the surface of the component with the above arrangement, and the distance d0 is kept unchanged, so that the accuracy of the measured data is increased.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 6:
this embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a method for measuring a through-hole ratio of an array hole based on an optical fiber displacement sensor drives the optical fiber displacement sensor to move away from a surface of a part at a constant distance through a numerical control device, and a moving track passes through an axis of a hole to be measured, so as to determine whether the sensor is any one of a through hole, a non-hole, and a blind hole; and drawing a distance-displacement relation graph output by the optical fiber sensor, and calculating the through hole rate by combining the graph.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: a measuring track is formulated according to the position of the hole on the surface of the part, and the distance from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part is set to be a constant distance d0 all the time;
step S2: controlling the optical fiber displacement sensor to move along the measuring track through numerical control equipment, and acquiring the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part in real time;
step S3: setting the displacement of the optical fiber displacement sensor along the measuring track as S; drawing a relation graph of the distance ds between the real-time acquisition optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S;
step S4: and judging to obtain the number of the through holes and the blind holes according to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, and calculating the through hole rate of the part.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: setting the depth of the hole to be H; the judgment condition of the depth of the hole on the surface of the part is as follows:
the detection area is a through hole: ds-d0> 0.8H;
the detection zone is non-porous: ds-d0< 0.2H;
the detection area is a blind hole: 0.2H < ds-d0< 0.8H.
According to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, the number of the through holes is X, and the number of the blind holes is Y; the through hole rate is X/X + Y.
The numerical control equipment has three freedom degrees of movement and two freedom degrees of rotation in the coordinate axis direction under a Cartesian coordinate system, so that the optical fiber displacement sensor fixed at the tail end of the numerical control equipment can be perpendicular to a tangent plane of a part measuring point.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An array hole through-void ratio measuring method based on an optical fiber displacement sensor is characterized in that: the optical fiber displacement sensor is driven by the numerical control equipment to move at a constant distance from the surface of the part, and the moving track passes through the axis of the hole to be detected, so that whether the optical fiber displacement sensor is any one of a through hole, a non-hole and a blind hole is judged; and drawing a distance-displacement relation graph output by the optical fiber sensor, and calculating the through hole rate by combining the graph.
2. The method for measuring the through-hole void ratio of the array hole based on the optical fiber displacement sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: a measuring track is formulated according to the position of the hole on the surface of the part, and the distance from the optical fiber displacement sensor to the surface of the part is set to be a constant distance d0 all the time;
step S2: controlling the optical fiber displacement sensor to move along the measuring track through numerical control equipment, and acquiring the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part in real time;
step S3: setting the displacement of the optical fiber displacement sensor along the measuring track as S; drawing a relation graph of the distance ds between the real-time acquisition optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S;
step S4: and judging to obtain the number of the through holes and the blind holes according to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, and calculating the through hole rate of the part.
3. The method for measuring the through-hole void ratio of the array hole based on the optical fiber displacement sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the judgment method in step S4 specifically includes: setting the depth of the hole to be H; the judgment condition of the depth of the hole on the surface of the part is as follows:
the detection area is a through hole: ds-d0> 0.8H;
the detection zone is non-porous: ds-d0< 0.2H;
the detection area is a blind hole: 0.2H < ds-d0< 0.8H.
4. The method for measuring the hole-through-void ratio of the array based on the optical fiber displacement sensor as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: according to a relation graph of the distance ds between the optical fiber displacement sensor and the surface of the part and the displacement S, the number of the through holes is X, and the number of the blind holes is Y; the through hole rate is X/X + Y.
5. The method for measuring the through-hole void ratio of the array hole based on the optical fiber displacement sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the numerical control equipment has three freedom degrees of movement and two freedom degrees of rotation in the coordinate axis direction under a Cartesian coordinate system, so that the optical fiber displacement sensor fixed at the tail end of the numerical control equipment can be perpendicular to a tangent plane of a part measuring point.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112414303A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-26 | 东莞市光志光电有限公司 | Use method of die-cutting hole defect detection device |
| CN112763486A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Composite material wall plate array hole detection method based on line laser scanning |
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