CN112760503A - Supercooling melt die-casting forming method and device for amorphous alloy - Google Patents
Supercooling melt die-casting forming method and device for amorphous alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112760503A CN112760503A CN202011542469.XA CN202011542469A CN112760503A CN 112760503 A CN112760503 A CN 112760503A CN 202011542469 A CN202011542469 A CN 202011542469A CN 112760503 A CN112760503 A CN 112760503A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2200/00—Crystalline structure
- C22C2200/02—Amorphous
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method and device for amorphous alloy, relates to the technical field of bulk amorphous alloy forming, solves the technical problem that an amorphous casting is difficult to prepare in the die-casting technology, comprises the steps of vacuumizing, smelting metal to be smelted, cooling metal melt, measuring temperature and die-casting forming, and particularly rapidly cools the super-heated melt to a freezing point T at different cooling ratesmThen, the mixture is subjected to die casting at different temperatures,then rapidly cooling to TgThe supercooled melt die-casting forming method for the amorphous alloy has the advantages that the supercooled melt flows stably during die-casting forming, no turbulence is generated, gas entrapment is less during die-casting, and defects such as shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity can be reduced; meanwhile, the supercooled melt has low temperature, small shrinkage and small residual stress, the obtained casting has higher dimensional precision and surface finish, and the internal and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bulk amorphous alloy molding, in particular to a super-cooled melt die-casting molding method and device for amorphous alloy.
Background
The development of the die casting technology has been over 160 years, and the die casting technology is a popular metal forming mode; the die casting has wide application in the aspects of mechanical electronics, communication equipment, precision parts and the like; the die casting is a method for obtaining a casting by filling a die cavity of a die casting mold with liquid or semi-liquid metal at a higher speed under the action of high pressure and quickly solidifying the liquid or semi-liquid metal at the high pressure.
The metal melt in the traditional die casting process has high fluidity, the metal melt can form turbulent flow in the high-speed high-pressure die casting process, gas in a die casting mold cavity is difficult to discharge quickly and is entrained to generate a large amount of bubbles and pores, and meanwhile, the metal melt has high temperature and large shrinkage, and can generate many defects such as shrinkage porosity, residual stress and the like, compared with the traditional die casting process, the semi-solid die casting process has high economy, when the metal melt is solidified, the semi-solid die casting process is to carry out strong stirring, obtain about 50 percent or even higher solid component slurry at a certain cooling speed, and carry out die casting on the slurry; therefore, the flow rate is stable during semi-solid die casting, the air entrainment is less, the casting quality can be improved, and the semi-solid die casting has advantages, but a large amount of crystal nuclei and crystal grains exist in semi-solid slurry, so that the amorphous casting is very difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method and device for amorphous alloy, aiming at solving the problem that the preparation of amorphous castings is difficult in the existing die-casting technology.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy comprises the following steps:
checking and confirming that the vacuum cover is sealed completely, opening a vacuum valve, vacuumizing a die-casting environment in the vacuum cover by using a vacuum pump, observing pressure change through a vacuum meter, and stopping vacuumizing when the pressure is-15 kPa to-10 kPa;
step two, polishing, grinding and cleaning the metal alloy to be smelted, then placing the metal alloy in a crucible furnace for heating and smelting, and raising the temperature to completely melt the metal alloy to form a uniformly mixed metal melt;
step three, pouring the metal melt obtained in the step two into a first pressure chamber within 1 s-2 s, and then pushing the metal melt into a cooling device by using a first pressure head to be cooled within 1 s-2 s to form a supercooled melt; utilize cooling device to the metal melt rapid cooling, guarantee that the metal melt can not solidify, inside does not take place the nucleation crystallization, becomes the subcooling melt completely, and wherein, cooling device can dismantle, can conveniently take out the remaining metal melt who solidifies in cooling device fast.
Step four, arranging a temperature measuring device at the outlet of the supercooled melt obtained in the step three for measuring the temperature, and observing the temperature of the supercooled melt through a thermometer on the temperature measuring device to ensure that the temperature of the supercooled melt is higher than that of the supercooled meltIs kept at Tg<T<TmWithin the range of (1); the temperature measuring device is highly sensitive and can accurately measure the temperature of the supercooled melt formed after cooling.
And step five, pressing the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range into a mold cavity for molding under the continuous action of a first pressure head, finally, demolding after the mold is cooled for 1-3 h, taking out the casting, simultaneously opening a cooling device, taking out the solidified residual melt, cleaning and checking other devices, and preparing for next compression casting.
In the above, after the supercooled melt enters the die-casting cavity, the first pressure head presses the supercooled melt into the die cavity at a constant high pressure, so that the flow rate of the supercooled melt during mold filling is more stable, and the supercooled melt cannot be produced in the die-casting cavity.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, when the temperature of the supercooled melt is too high or too low, the cooling device can be adjusted to change the cooling capacity.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, before the supercooled melt is pressed into the mold cavity for molding, the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range can be quickly injected into the second pressure chamber, and the supercooled melt is pressed into the mold cavity for molding by using the second pressure head.
The invention relates to a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy. A temperature measuring device is arranged at the supercooling melt outlet for measuring the temperature, and the temperature of the supercooling melt is observed through a thermometer so that the temperature of the supercooling melt is kept at Tg<T<TmWithin a certain process range, if the temperature is too high or too low, the cooling device is adjusted to change the cooling capacity of the cooling device, the supercooling melt is quickly pressed into the die cavity by the die-casting device, constant pressure is kept in the die-casting process, the die cavity completes the molding of required parts, the excess material is collected in the excess material groove, and the first pressure chamber is ensured not to be left with the residual supercooling melt.
The invention also aims to provide the device for the super-cooling melt die-casting forming method of the amorphous alloy, which comprises a crucible furnace, a first pressure chamber, a cooling device, a thermometer, a temperature measuring device, a mold cavity, a vacuum cover, a vacuum valve, a vacuum meter and a vacuum pump, wherein the crucible furnace is connected with the first pressure chamber, one side of the first pressure chamber is provided with a first pressure head, the other side of the first pressure chamber is connected with the cooling device, one side of the temperature measuring device is connected with the cooling device, the other side of the temperature measuring device is connected with the mold cavity, the temperature measuring device is provided with the thermometer, the smelting device, the first pressure chamber, the cooling device, the temperature measuring device and the mold cavity are arranged in the vacuum cover together, the vacuum cover is.
Further, the device for the super-cooling melt die-casting forming method of the amorphous alloy comprises a crucible furnace, a first pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber, a cooling device, a thermometer, a temperature measuring device, a mold cavity, a vacuum cover, a vacuum valve, a vacuum meter and a vacuum pump, wherein the crucible furnace is connected with the first pressure chamber, a first pressure head is arranged on one side of the first pressure chamber, the other side of the first pressure chamber is connected with the cooling device, the temperature measuring device is arranged on one side of the cooling device, which is far away from the first pressure chamber, the temperature measuring device is provided with the thermometer, the second pressure chamber is communicated with the cooling device, a second pressure head is arranged on one side of the second pressure chamber, the mold cavity is arranged on the other side of the second pressure chamber, a smelting device, the first pressure chamber, the second pressure chamber, the cooling device, the temperature measuring device and.
In the above, the mold cavity further comprises a surplus groove, so that redundant supercooled melt can be solidified in the surplus groove, and the mold cavity is avoided.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy, which is characterized in that the critical cooling rate of a large amorphous alloy is less than that of pure metal and traditional amorphous strips, namely TlTo TsThe time zone is great, therefore the available window area of die-casting shaping is great, compares with traditional metal melt die-casting shaping simultaneously, and undercooling fuse-element viscosity increase after rapid cooling, and the velocity of flow is steady when die-casting, does not have the torrent, and the die-casting in-process is rolled up gas few, the gas in the mould die cavityThe body can be completely discharged, and meanwhile, the supercooled melt is low in temperature and small in shrinkage coefficient, so that the obtained casting is higher in size precision and surface smoothness, the wear resistance and fatigue resistance are also enhanced, defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity are not easy to occur, the quality of the casting can be greatly improved, and the cost is saved; in addition, the supercooled melt is obtained by rapidly cooling the molten metal melt, nucleation and crystallization do not occur inside the supercooled melt, no crystal grain crystal appears inside the structure, the structure is very similar to the structure of an amorphous alloy structure, and the supercooled melt has superplasticity and great flexibility and is very suitable for forming amorphous parts, the supercooled melt has lower temperature than the metal liquid, so that thermal shock to a die cavity and a die can be reduced during die casting, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a supercooled melt die casting;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a super-cooled melt die-casting method for forming amorphous alloy according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for a supercooled melt die-casting method of amorphous alloys according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for a supercooled melt die-casting method of amorphous alloys according to the present invention;
reference numerals: 11-a vacuum valve; 12-crucible furnace; 13-a cooling device; 14-vacuum gauge; 15-a thermometer; 16-a temperature measuring device; 17-a second plenum; 18-a vacuum hood; 19-a mould cavity; 20-a first plenum; 21-vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the supercooled melt formation principle in the present invention is as follows:
curve I is the critical cooling curve of amorphous alloy, when the cooling rate is greater than the critical cooling rate, the cooling curve will not contact with the C curve, the over-cooled melt is converted into amorphous, curve III shows that the over-heated melt is fast cooled at different cooling ratesCooling to TmThen rapidly cooling to T after die casting at different temperaturesgForming amorphous parts at a temperature below, wherein the process comprises three stages, I: rapidly cooling the overheated melt to a certain set supercooling degree to form a supercooled melt; II: carrying out die-casting molding; III: rapidly cooling to TgThe following; compared with the supercooling liquid phase region die-casting forming process shown in the fifth curve, the process is different in that the supercooling liquid phase region die-casting forming process shown in the fifth curve is used for rapidly heating the prepared amorphous alloy blank to a supercooling liquid phase region delta Tx＝Tx-TgThen die-casting and forming, and then quickly cooling to TgForming amorphous parts as follows; compared with the two processes, the process flow of the supercooled melt die-casting process is short, relaxation and crystallization phenomena of amorphous blanks in the heating and forming processes are avoided, and the performance of amorphous parts is more excellent; sixthly, and seventhly, are graphs of C curves of the pure metal and the bulk amorphous alloy respectively, and the graph shows that the bulk amorphous alloy T islTo TsThe time zone is larger, so the window area for die-casting molding is larger, and the die-casting molding of the amorphous alloy is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, in the supercooling melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy disclosed by the invention, firstly, the sealing of the vacuum cover is confirmed to be complete, the vacuum valve is opened, and the die-casting environment in the vacuum cover is vacuumized by using the vacuum pump;
secondly, polishing, grinding and cleaning the metal alloy to be smelted, then placing the metal alloy in a crucible furnace for heating and smelting, and raising the temperature to completely melt the metal alloy to form a uniformly mixed metal melt;
then pouring the metal melt into a first pressure chamber, and then pushing the metal melt into a cooling device by using a first pressure head for cooling to form a super-cooled melt;
then, the temperature of the supercooled melt is observed through a thermometer on the temperature measuring device, so that the temperature of the supercooled melt is kept at Tg<T<TmWithin the range of (1);
and finally, injecting the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range into a second pressure chamber under the continuous action of a first pressure head or injecting the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range into a second pressure chamber, pressing the supercooled melt into a mold cavity for molding by utilizing the continuous action of the second pressure head, demolding after the mold is cooled, taking out a casting, simultaneously opening a cooling device, taking out solidified residual melt, cleaning and checking other devices, and preparing for next-time pressure casting.
The invention relates to a method for forming a supercooled melt for amorphous alloy by die casting and a device thereof, which comprises the following specific embodiments:
example 1
As shown in figure 3, a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy
The method comprises the following steps:
checking and confirming that the vacuum cover 18 is sealed completely, opening the vacuum valve 11, vacuumizing the die-casting environment in the vacuum cover 18 by using a vacuum pump 21, observing pressure change through a vacuum meter 14, and stopping vacuumizing when the pressure is-15 kPa;
step two, polishing, grinding and cleaning the metal alloy to be smelted, then placing the metal alloy into a crucible furnace 12 for heating and smelting, and raising the temperature to completely melt the metal alloy to form a uniformly mixed metal melt;
step three, pouring the metal melt obtained in the step two into a first pressure chamber 20 within 1s, and then pushing the metal melt into a cooling device 13 by using a first pressure head to cool within 1s to form a super-cooled melt;
step four, arranging a temperature measuring device 16 at the outlet of the supercooled melt obtained in the step three for measuring the temperature, and observing the temperature of the supercooled melt through a thermometer 15 on the temperature measuring device 16 to ensure that the temperature of the supercooled melt is kept at Tg<T<TmWithin the range of (1);
and step five, pressing the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range into a mold cavity 19 for molding under the continuous action of a first pressure head in the step four, finally, demolding after the mold is cooled for 1h, taking out the casting, simultaneously opening a cooling device 13, taking out the solidified residual melt, cleaning and checking other devices, and preparing for next compression casting.
Example 2
As shown in figure 4, a super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy
The method comprises the following steps:
checking and confirming that the vacuum cover 18 is sealed completely, opening the vacuum valve 11, vacuumizing the die-casting environment in the vacuum cover 18 by using a vacuum pump 21, observing pressure change through a vacuum meter 14, and stopping vacuumizing when the pressure is-10 kPa;
step two, polishing, grinding and cleaning the metal alloy to be smelted, then placing the metal alloy into a crucible furnace 12 for heating and smelting, and raising the temperature to completely melt the metal alloy to form a uniformly mixed metal melt;
step three, pouring the metal melt obtained in the step two into a first pressure chamber 20 within 2s, and then pushing the metal melt into a cooling device 13 by using a first pressure head to cool within 2s to form a super-cooled melt;
step four, arranging a temperature measuring device 16 at the outlet of the supercooled melt obtained in the step three for measuring the temperature, and observing the temperature of the supercooled melt through a thermometer 15 on the temperature measuring device 16 to ensure that the temperature of the supercooled melt is kept at Tg<T<TmWithin the range of (1);
injecting the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range in the step four into a second pressure chamber within 2s, pressing the supercooled melt into a mold cavity 19 by a second pressure head for molding, finally, demolding after the mold is cooled for 3h, taking out a casting, simultaneously opening a cooling device 13, taking out the solidified residual melt, cleaning and checking other devices, and preparing for next compression casting.
Claims (7)
1. A super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
checking and confirming that the vacuum cover is sealed completely, opening a vacuum valve, vacuumizing a die-casting environment in the vacuum cover by using a vacuum pump, observing pressure change through a vacuum meter, and stopping vacuumizing when the pressure is-15 kPa to-10 kPa;
step two, polishing, grinding and cleaning the metal alloy to be smelted, then placing the metal alloy in a crucible furnace for heating and smelting, and raising the temperature to completely melt the metal alloy to form a uniformly mixed metal melt;
step three, pouring the metal melt obtained in the step two into a first pressure chamber within 1 s-2 s, and then pushing the metal melt into a cooling device by using a first pressure head to be cooled within 1 s-2 s to form a supercooled melt;
step four, arranging a temperature measuring device at the outlet of the supercooled melt obtained in the step three for measuring the temperature, and observing the temperature of the supercooled melt through a thermometer on the temperature measuring device to keep the temperature of the supercooled melt at Tg<T<TmWithin the range of (1);
and step five, pressing the supercooled melt meeting the temperature range into a mold cavity for molding under the continuous action of a first pressure head, finally, demolding after the mold is cooled for 1-3 h, taking out the casting, simultaneously opening a cooling device, taking out the solidified residual melt, cleaning and checking other devices, and preparing for next compression casting.
2. A super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, when the temperature of the super-cooled melt is too high or too low, the cooling capacity can be changed by adjusting the cooling device.
3. A super-cooled melt die-casting forming method for amorphous alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step five, before the super-cooled melt is pressed into the die cavity for forming, the super-cooled melt in accordance with the temperature range can be rapidly injected into the second pressure chamber, and the super-cooled melt is pressed into the die cavity for forming by the second pressure head.
4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising a melting device, a first pressure chamber, a cooling device, a thermometer, a temperature measuring device, a mold cavity, a vacuum cover, a vacuum valve, a vacuum gauge and a vacuum pump, wherein the melting device is connected with the first pressure chamber, a first pressure head is arranged on one side of the first pressure chamber, the cooling device is connected with the other side of the first pressure chamber, the cooling device is connected with one side of the temperature measuring device, the mold cavity is connected with the other side of the temperature measuring device, the thermometer is arranged on the temperature measuring device, the melting device, the first pressure chamber, the cooling device, the temperature measuring device and the mold cavity are arranged in the vacuum cover together, the vacuum cover is provided with the vacuum gauge and the vacuum valve, and the vacuum pump is connected with one side of the vacuum cover.
5. An apparatus for use in a super cooled melt die cast forming process for amorphous alloys as claimed in claim 4 wherein said melting means is a crucible furnace.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, comprising a melting device, a first pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber, a cooling device, a thermometer, a temperature measuring device, a mold cavity, a vacuum cover, a vacuum valve, a vacuum gauge and a vacuum pump, wherein the melting device is connected with the first pressure chamber, one side of the first pressure chamber is provided with a first pressure head, the other side of the first pressure chamber is connected with the cooling device, the temperature measuring device is arranged on the side of the cooling device far away from the first pressure chamber, the temperature measuring device is provided with a thermometer, the second pressure chamber is communicated with the cooling device, one side of the second pressure chamber is provided with a second pressure head, the other side of the second pressure chamber is provided with a mold cavity, and the melting device, the first pressure chamber, the second pressure chamber, the cooling device, the temperature measuring device and the mold cavity are arranged in the vacuum cover together, the vacuum cover is provided with a vacuum meter and a vacuum valve, and one side of the vacuum cover is connected with a vacuum pump.
7. An apparatus for use in a super cooled melt die cast forming process for amorphous alloys as claimed in claim 6 wherein said melting means is a crucible furnace.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115138819A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-10-04 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Non-stick pan and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115138819A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-10-04 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Non-stick pan and preparation method thereof |
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