CN112759181B - Novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel endogenous treatment method for black and odorous river water, which comprises the following steps: a water surface suspended matter cleaning system, a water bottom sediment pollution removing system and a water quality improving measure. Aiming at the pollution of the inner lakes of the river and lake water bodies, the treatment is respectively carried out from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of the water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, the surface pollutants are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment through a water surface slag conveyor, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. For a water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system, so that the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard.

Description

Novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a novel endogenous treatment method for black and odorous river water.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization process in China, the town scale and population are continuously increased, the discharge amount of human production and domestic sewage is increasingly increased, and the concentration of pollutants entering a water body exceeds the self-purification capacity of the water body. Aerobic microorganisms consume oxygen in the water body through metabolism, so that the water body is in an anoxic or anaerobic state, and the anaerobic microorganisms which propagate in large quantity and organic matters are subjected to reactions such as putrefaction, decomposition, fermentation and the like to generate 14000 kinds of odoriferous gases such as organic sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, methane and the like; meanwhile, heavy metals such as iron, manganese and the like in the water body are reduced and combined with sulfur ions to form FeS, mnS and other black precipitates so as to blacken the water body. In addition, the urban water body has poor fluidity and insufficient hydrodynamic force, so that the water environment is deteriorated, pollutants are accumulated, and the black and odorous condition of the water body is aggravated. The existence of the black and odorous river water not only brings bad sensory stimulation to people, but also directly poses serious threats to the drinking water and water safety of people.

At present, the treatment of urban black and odorous river water mainly comprises a physical treatment technology, a chemical treatment technology and a biological ecological treatment technology. Although 3 treatment technologies are widely applied to treatment of the black and odorous river water, the treatment technologies have different advantages and disadvantages, and the long-term effectiveness of the black and odorous river water cannot be guaranteed by singly applying a certain technology. Therefore, the combined application of a plurality of technologies to the treatment of the black and odorous river water achieves better effect. Wherein, the endogenous treatment of the black and odorous river water is a basic measure.

Therefore, a novel method for endogenous treatment of black and odorous river water is needed to treat a sewage river with low water level, small river channel and narrow river channel.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a novel method for treating black and odorous river water by using water bottom, water body and water surface to treat pollutants in rivers and lakes, so as to achieve the effect of restoring water quality of rivers and lakes.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel method for endogenous management of black and odorous river water comprises

And (3) clearing water body sediment pollution:

driving a bottom mud elution ship into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloidal pollutants in the bottom mud; the bottom mud elution method is that a cover-type elution bin is arranged on a bottom mud elution boat, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only the bottom of the cover-type elution bin is provided with an opening, the cover-type elution bin is penetrated into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of the part of the water bottom needing to be treated is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, then sewage, silt and bottom mud are stirred and mixed by adopting a high-pressure water column in the cover-type elution bin, then colloidal floating mud with lighter mass is suspended in a water body by controlling the stirring speed and then is precipitated to form a layer of organic floating mud, heavy silt inorganic matter is precipitated, organic floating mud in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface by a suction mode to be separated, clear water returns to a river or a lake, then the bottom mud elution boat moves to drive the cover-type elution bin to carry out bottom mud treatment at the next position, and the steps are repeated;

water quality of a water body is improved:

firstly, aerating by micro-nano bubbles, and constructing a water body ecological system by adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures to maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard; the aeration mode of the micro-nano bubbles is based on a micro-nano aeration device, aeration stones in an aeration head are pressurized through an air pump, a negative pressure area is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure area through an air inlet, the inside of the aeration head is divided into a peripheral liquid area and a central gas area, air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an air outlet part of the aeration stones rotating at high speed, the micro bubbles improve the sewage dissolved oxygen efficiency, and meanwhile, the micro-nano micro bubbles have good air buoyancy and can stay in sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved; the underwater forest is formed by paving a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing piece, and enabling underwater plants to grow freely;

cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body:

floating the pollutants, algae and oil stains on the surface of the water body, adding a floating coagulant to float the pollutants on the water surface, collecting and pumping the surface pollutants to a micro-nano bubble air floatation device through a water surface slag conveyor for treatment, returning clear water to the water body, and transferring and treating the pollutants; the floating coagulant comprises chitosan, polymeric ferric sulfate, permanganate and sulfonated lignin salt.

Compared with the prior art, the method has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and particularly, according to the technical scheme, the method is used for treating the inland lake pollution of the river and lake water body from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body per se. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of the water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, the surface pollutants are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment through a water surface slag conveyor, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. As for the water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system and maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard.

Particularly, the cover-type elution bin is adopted to locally isolate the water body, and in an in-situ treatment mode, the river water is directly treated in the movable water body without emptying and dredging by an excavator or intercepting by a dam and the like, so that the method is simple and convenient, and saves cost. Furthermore, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only an opening is formed in the bottom, the cover-type elution bin is inserted into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of bottom mud to be treated at the part of the water bottom is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, silt overflow caused by the fact that water in the cover-type elution bin is stirred when sludge is treated is avoided, the cover-type elution bin is only used for carrying out the sludge treatment, and therefore the whole sludge treatment process is environment-friendly. After adopting bell-type elution storehouse to keep apart the water, adopt high-pressure water column to mix sewage, silt, bed mud stirring in inside again, make the quality lighter be colloidal mud float suspend form one deck organic mud float in the water and subside, and the silt inorganic matter of heavy matter subsides, the organic mud float pump in the bell-type elution storehouse of the mode of rethread suction carries out mud-water separation outside the surface of water, the clear water returns to in river or the lake, such mode can not cause secondary pollution to original water in the river course, whole processing mode is simple and quick.

In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an endogenous treatment method of black and odorous river water according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an integrated bottom mud elution boat according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the black and odorous river sediment treatment according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the black and odorous river water bottom mud treatment of the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a simplified sludge treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effects of the present invention before and after elution of the sludge.

FIG. 7 is a front and rear column diagram of the bottom sediment elution of the present invention.

Reference numerals

10. Sediment elution ship 11 and high-pressure water pump

12. Organic floating dredge pump 13 and dosing pump

14. Labor-saving pulley 20 and cover type elution bin

21. Metal hood 22, high pressure water column injector head

23. Sludge suction head 24 and spraying nozzle

25. Micropore 30, micro-nano aeration device

40. Water surface slag dragging machine 50 and integrated air floatation equipment

60. Simple sludge treatment equipment 101 and organic floating mud

102. Silt inorganic matters.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, it shows a technical scheme of the present invention, which is a novel method for treating the interior of the black and odorous river water, including removing the bottom sediment pollution of the water body, improving the water quality of the water body, and cleaning the suspended matters on the surface of the water body.

Wherein, the water body sediment pollution is clear away: the method is that the sediment elution ship 10 is driven into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloid pollutants in the sediment. The bottom mud elution method is characterized in that a cover-type elution bin 20 is arranged on a bottom mud elution ship, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only openings are formed in the bottom, the cover-type elution bin is deep into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of the bottom, which needs to be treated, is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, then sewage, silt and bottom mud are stirred and mixed in the cover-type elution bin by adopting a high-pressure water column, an air flow or mechanical stirring mode, then colloidal floating mud with lighter mass is suspended in a water body by controlling the stirring speed and then descends to form a layer of organic floating mud 101, heavy silt and inorganic matter 102 are settled, then the organic floating mud in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface in a sucking mode to carry out mud-water separation, clear water returns to a river or a lake, then the bottom mud elution ship moves to drive the cover-type elution bin to carry out bottom mud treatment at the next position, and the process is repeated, and the sludge with the thickness of 20-40mm at the bottom is removed.

Water quality improvement: the method is characterized in that a water body ecological system is constructed by adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures through micro-nano bubble oxygenation, and the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard. The micro-nano bubble oxygenation mode is based on a micro-nano aeration device 30, aeration stones in an aeration head rotate at a high speed through pressurization of an air pump, a negative pressure zone is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure zone through an air inlet, a peripheral liquid zone and a central gas zone are divided into the aeration head, air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an aeration stone air outlet part rotating at the high speed, the micro bubbles improve the sewage dissolved oxygen efficiency, have good air buoyancy and can stay in sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved, and EM bacteria and microalgae are thrown in the mode that EM bacteria are firstly adopted to carry out sewage bioremediation and plant remediation, then microalgae are thrown in, and symbiotic organism combination treatment is formed by the EM bacteria; the underwater forest is formed by laying a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing part and freely growing underwater plants.

Cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body: the method is characterized in that suspended matters, algae and oil stains on the surface of a water body are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, then the pollutants on the surface are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment by a water surface slag conveyor 40, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated; the floating coagulant comprises chitosan, polymeric ferric sulfate, permanganate and sulfonated lignin salt.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, for rivers or lakes with some water depths, a sludge treatment integrated bottom sludge elution ship 10 can be adopted, that is, an integrated air floatation device 50 is arranged on the bottom sludge elution ship 10, a sludge collection tank 51, a micro-nano bubble separation device 52, a sludge storage tank 53, a sludge filter press 54 and the like are all built on the ship, so that sludge pumped out from a cover type elution bin 20 can be directly treated on the bottom sludge elution ship, and finally, dewatered sludge cakes are obtained and transported outside. The sludge treatment process is that organic floating mud 101 is firstly absorbed by a hood-type elution bin 20, the organic floating mud 101 is pumped into a sludge collection pool 51 by an organic floating mud pump 12, the further separation of the organic floating mud is changed into floating and sinking two substances by utilizing a micro-nano bubble separation device 52, the floating substances are scraped to a mud storage pool 53 by a mud scraping device 205, the mud storage pool 53 is pumped to a sludge filter press 54 by a sludge pump, the sinking substances are pumped to the sludge filter press 54 by the sludge pump, and sludge cakes are formed after the sludge filter press 54 is dewatered. These devices built on the ship all increase the draught of the ship and are therefore only suitable for rivers in deep water areas.

Example 2

For a river or lake with a shallow river bed, the following scheme is adopted: referring to fig. 3, using as light a boat as possible, the heavy equipment on the bottom mud wash vessel 10 is removed so that the boat has a shallow draft to enter a shallow river or lake. The sludge collection tank 51 for treating sludge, the micro-nano bubble separation device 52 and the sludge storage tank 53 are integrated into a whole (see fig. 3) and are all built on a river bank, and the sludge filter press 54 can be vehicle-mounted. The organic floating mud 101 is pumped to the integrated equipment on the river bank, and then the mud is treated step by step, and the sludge treatment mode is shown in example 1.

Example 3

For some sewage rivers, the situation that the river course is small and narrow and the river bank cannot provide enough space to build large-scale sludge treatment equipment is solved by adopting the mode of figure 4. The same weight reduction of the hull is possible with the lightweight mud eluting vessel 10. Therefore, two hanging towers 14 and 15 are arranged, one is used for hanging the cover-type elution bin 20, the other is used for hanging the simple sludge treatment equipment 60, the collected organic sludge can be temporarily stored by using the simple sludge treatment equipment 60, and the collected organic sludge is transported to the integrated air floatation equipment 50 on the bank for further treatment after being fully stored.

The specific scheme is as follows: the structure of the cover type elution bin is described firstly, the cover type elution bin 20 is a metal cover body 21, the metal cover body can sink underwater under the weight of the metal cover body, and the metal cover body is arranged on a sediment elution ship by using a labor-saving wheel bracket in a hanging mode, for example, a labor-saving pulley 14 is used. And the length, width and height of the cover-type elution bins are 1-5m, 1-5m and 0.5-1m, and when the river surface for treating sewage is narrow, the cover-type elution bins with smaller size can be selected, and conversely, the cover-type elution bins with larger size can be selected. When the cover type elution bin works, at least 0.2m of the cover type elution bin is inserted into a sediment layer at the bottom of water to form in-situ covering deep silt and prevent pollutants from being released. Just because bell-type elution storehouse confined structure for turbid sludge water only can go on in the storehouse when stirring the bed mud, can not spread the pollutant to the outside.

Besides, the hood-type elution bin 20 is internally provided with a high-pressure water column spray head 22, a sludge suction head 23 and a spray nozzle 24. This high pressure water column injector head 22 passes through hose connection high pressure water pump 11, and this high pressure water pump 11 is arranged in the ship storehouse of sediment elution ship 10, and one end of high pressure water pump 11 is through the pipeline pump river water, forms the high pressure water through the high pressure water pump pressure boost and leads to high pressure water column injection 22 via the hose of another end, jets out high pressure water column to bell-type elution storehouse, makes the water in the bell-type elution storehouse roll the stirring and form silt and mix. The sludge suction head 23 is connected with an organic floating sludge pump 12 through a hose, the organic floating sludge pump 12 is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sludge elution ship 10, one end of the organic floating sludge pump 12 is connected with a simple sludge treatment device 60, and the simple sludge treatment device 60 is connected with an integrated air floatation device or a movable sludge truck on a river bank; the medicine adding pump 13 is connected with the medicine adding nozzle 24 through a hose, the medicine adding pump 13 is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sediment elution boat 10, one end of the medicine adding pump is connected with the medicine tank, and the medicine for accelerating the sludge sedimentation is thrown to the cover type elution cabin through the medicine adding pump.

The high-pressure water column jet head 22 is used for jetting the high-pressure water column to the bottom of the mud, so that organic matters and inorganic matters at the bottom of the mud are completely stirred and mixed, sand with heavy weight sinks along with the stop of the high-pressure water column, floating mud with light weight and colloid is positioned above the sand, and after the floating mud is settled for a period of time, the sludge with the thickness of 20-40mm in the bin is removed by using the sludge suction head, so that the sludge can be ensured to be pumped out instead of the sand. Moreover, the mode of adding the medicine is also used for accelerating the sedimentation of the sludge, so that the sludge treatment is more efficient.

In this embodiment, the medicine tank stores a polyacrylamide coagulant aid, which is a commonly used flocculant and is ideal in use effect. At present, the flocculant is generally applied to a sedimentation tank as an auxiliary agent, and the sedimentation tank is static and is also common. But no case is given that the flocculant can be directly applied to a dynamic river channel with continuous water flow and can be used together with a cover-type elution bin.

In addition, when some small sewage rivers are handled, the cover-type elution storehouse of selecting for use is less when lighter in size, when disposing the high-pressure squirt and erodeing the bed mud, probably causes the vibration of cover-type elution storehouse, overturns even. Therefore, the top of the cover-type elution bin is also provided with a plurality of micropores for discharging air or water, so that the relative balance of air pressure and water pressure in the bin and the outside is ensured, and the situation of bin turning is prevented.

In this embodiment 3, the simple sludge treatment apparatus 60 is not on board, nor on shore, but is towed by the bottom sediment elution vessel 10 to travel in the river synchronously with the bottom sediment elution vessel 10. The simple sludge treatment equipment 60 is different from the integrated air floatation equipment 50, is used as a connecting device before entering the integrated air floatation equipment 50, has the main functions of primary treatment of sludge and certain sludge dewatering and water body purification functions, and brings convenience for sludge treatment of narrow and small foul water ditches.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the simple sludge treatment apparatus 60 comprises a sludge collector 61, spiral liquid permeating tubes 63 are arranged on the periphery of the sludge collector 61, a liquid inlet 631 of the spiral liquid permeating tubes 63 is located at the lower part of the sludge collector 61 and is communicated with the sludge collector 61, and a liquid outlet 632 is located at the upper part of the sludge collector 61 and is communicated with the sludge collector 61, but the liquid outlet 632 is not higher than the lowest liquid level of the sludge collector 61. Thus, by gravity flow, the drained water in the sludge passes through the spiral seepage pipe 63 through the liquid inlet 631 and finally flows out of the liquid outlet 632. Particularly, the spiral-type seepage pipe 63 is also provided with one-stage or multi-stage horizontal pipe reactors 64, and the horizontal pipe reactors 64 are connected with the spiral seepage pipe 63 by elbow flanges 641, so that the detachable replacement of each horizontal pipe reactor is realized. The horizontal tube reactor 64 is a tubular electrode, which can break the wall of the sludge, even if the sewage flows back to the river channel again, the harmful organisms of the sewage are destroyed, no odor is generated, and thus the purposes of filtering, deodorizing and purifying the sewage are achieved.

And, in order to prevent spiral type infiltration pipe 63 from being blocked up, install one-way apron and grid net in the position of inlet 631, prevent the sewage refluence in spiral type infiltration pipe 63 to prevent that inlet 631 from blockking up. Therefore, the water in the organic floating mud 101 can be removed through the spiral seepage pipe 63 and flows back to the sewage river to reduce the weight and make the mud more compact, so that more mud can be loaded at one time.

The bottom sediment collection is compared by the methods of the above examples 1, 2 and 3, and reference is made to fig. 6 and 7 for the conditions before and after elution through the above steps. As shown in the left panel of fig. 6, the sediment before elution is black and rich in nutrients, which is also a significant cause of the river water becoming black and smelly. The right panel of fig. 6 is the sediment after elution, grey, with abundant nutrients largely eliminated. As shown in figure 7, the left side of figure 7 is a columnar sample before elution, the right side is a columnar sample after elution, the polluted layer generating black odor at the water bottom is obviously isolated by the elution layer, and the polluted layer can be completely removed under the condition of ideal effect.

After the bottom mud treatment, the mud-water boundary can be clear, and the mud-water boundary can be quickly cleared even if the bottom mud is subjected to secondary stirring, so that the anaerobic rising of the bottom mud and the black and odorous water body can be quickly eliminated. The amount of pollutants and algal cells after elution was significantly reduced, and the following table was used for comparison of the effects.

Elution time	1min	3min	5min
				Chlorophyll reduction	11-23%	48-56%	85-95%
Total phosphorus reduction	9-14%	25-38%	85-95%
				Total nitrogen reduction	3-7%	13-21%	56-80%

Regarding water quality improvement: the lifting method refers to micro-nano bubble oxygenation, EM (effective microorganisms) culture and underwater forest construction. In the embodiment, a micro-nano bubble oxygenation mode is adopted, and meanwhile, the floating coagulant is added. By the transformation of the micro-nano aeration device and the formation principle of a negative pressure zone, the floating coagulant is added while aeration is carried out. Due to the above, the water is divided into the peripheral liquid zone and the central gas zone during aeration, and when micro-nano bubbles are emitted at the water bottom, the floating coagulant is driven to enter the water together, so that the stirring operation can be omitted.

In the embodiment, the floating coagulant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 20-35 parts of polymeric ferric sulfate, 20-30 parts of permanganate and 30-40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the polymeric ferric sulfate is an intermediate hydrolysate prepared from ferric salt, belongs to a water-soluble inorganic high molecular substance, and generates a large amount of high-charge polymeric cations after being dissolved in water, such as hydroxyl groups of Fe2 (OH) 3+3, fe2 (OH) 4+2, fe3 (OH) 5+4, and the like, which are bridged to form polynuclear complex ferric ions at each level. Therefore, the emulsion breaking agent has strong capacity of neutralizing charges on suspended particles, destabilizes the suspended particles and generates flocs of larger particles, has good emulsion breaking effect on emulsified oil in sewage due to large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, has strong adsorption capacity on heavy metals, odor and pigments, and shows unique superiority when in use.

Polyferric sulfate, also known as basic ferric sulfate, is a novel efficient water treatment agent and is widely used for treating drinking water, industrial wastewater and municipal sewage. Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (PFS) exists in water in various forms of iron complex ions, such as [ Fe (OH) 2] +, [ Fe (OH) ]2+, [ Fe2- (OH) 2] +, 4+, etc. They form multi-core complex ions by OH bridging, and these multi-core complex ions can be mutually dissolved with water in any proportion, so that they can play the role of electric neutralization and adsorption bridging. The polymeric ferric sulfate flocculant is an intermediate product of a conversion process of hydrolyzing 2 complexing 2 polymeric 2 gelling 2 precipitating and the like of ferric sulfate in a water body. The basic reaction formula for the hydrolysis of Fe (iii) can be written as: fe (H2O) 3+6+ nH2O = [ Fe (OH) n (H2O) 6-n ] (3-n) + + nH3O + + when the pH value of the solution is increased, the mononuclear hydroxyl complex ions generate hydroxyl-bridged polynuclear complexes, and the basic reaction formula can be written as [ Fe (OH) +2] n + Fe3+ +2H2O = [ Fe (OH) +2] n +1+2H + generating hydroxyl-bridged polynuclear complexes, which are partially and slowly reacted [ Fe (OH) +2] n = [ FeO (OH) ] n + nH +.

Chitosan

The chitosan deacetylation product has abundant natural sources, can show the property of cationic polyelectrolyte in an acidic medium, is non-toxic and is easy to biodegrade. The flocculation capability can be improved through the composite synergistic effect of chitosan and polymeric ferric sulfate. The chitosan molecular chain has positive charges, and the electric neutralization capacity can be enhanced through the superposition effect of the chitosan molecular chain and the positive charges of the polymeric ferric sulfate. In addition, each unit of the chitosan molecule has an amino group, so that the chitosan molecule can generate chelation and over-adsorption with metal ions of polyferric sulfate and net-capture bridging action, and the molecular chain of the named organic polymer bridges among destabilized particles, thereby enhancing the removal capability of the micro particles in water.

Permanganate salt

Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidant, can be combined with the adsorption of polymeric ferric sulfate, has a good function of removing algae and odor in rivers or lakes, and quickly makes water bodies become clear. On the basis, a sulfonated lignin salt is added as an air entraining agent, and the sulfonated lignin salt is sodium lignosulfonate or magnesium lignosulfonate which are natural products and have stable performance, no toxicity and no harm. As an air entraining agent, to float the flocculated material to the surface of the water, which is collected by a dragveyer, to remove the contaminants from the water in the river/lake.

After the above treatment, the sludge at the bottom of the river is removed, the suspended matter in the river water is basically removed, and the clear water becomes clear. Then adding EM bacteria and algae. The EM bacteria are microbial agents, including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and the like. During the restoration process, some algae eating insects, aquatic animals, tubificidae and the like can be introduced, and algae can be introduced. And then starting the construction of the underwater forest.

Application example 1: treatment of black and odorous water in three or eight ditches of Suzhou city

As shown in FIG. 5, the pollution of the water body in the ditch is treated from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body per se respectively. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of a water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, wherein the weight ratio of the floating coagulant is as follows: 20 parts of polysaccharide, 35 parts of polyferric sulfate, 30 parts of permanganate and 40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. And collecting and pumping the surface pollutants to micro-nano bubble air floatation equipment for treatment through a water surface slag conveyor 40, returning clear water to a water body, and transferring and disposing the pollutants. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, so that light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. As for the water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system and maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard. The effect after sewage treatment can be seen in the following table:

content detection item	Transparency (cm)	Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	ORP(mV)	Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L)
					Before testing	18	2.7	25	10.50
Middle period of experiment	34	3.6	101	12.20
					Late stage of the experiment	35	3.7	127	7.78
Standard of black odor	＞25	＞2	＞50	＜8
					Evaluation results	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor

Application example 2: black odorous water treatment of cogongrass river in Dongguan city

The treatment mode is the same as that of the above case 1, the weight ratio of the floating coagulant is different, and the input amount is as follows: 30 parts of polysaccharide, 25 parts of polyferric sulfate, 40 parts of permanganate and 30 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. The effect after sewage treatment can be seen in the following table:

content detection item	Transparency (cm)	Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	ORP(mV)	Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L)
					Before testing	11	0.84	-15.5	10.4
Late stage of the experiment	40	5.6	114	5.5
					Standard of black odor	＞25	＞2	＞50	＜8
Evaluation results	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises that

And (3) clearing water body sediment pollution:

driving a bottom mud elution ship into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloidal pollutants in the bottom mud; the bottom mud elution method is that a cover-type elution bin is arranged on a bottom mud elution boat, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only the bottom of the cover-type elution bin is provided with an opening, the cover-type elution bin is penetrated into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of the part of the water bottom needing to be treated is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, then sewage, silt and bottom mud are stirred and mixed by adopting high-pressure water column injection in the cover-type elution bin, then colloidal floating mud with lighter mass is suspended in a water body by controlling the injection speed and then is settled to form a layer of organic floating mud, heavy silt inorganic matter is settled, organic floating mud in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface by a suction mode to carry out mud-water separation, clear water returns to a river or a lake, then the bottom mud elution boat moves to drive the cover-type elution bin to carry out bottom mud treatment at the next position, and the process is repeated;

the cover-type elution bin is internally provided with a high-pressure water column spray head, a sludge suction head and a pesticide spray nozzle, the high-pressure water column spray head is connected with a high-pressure water pump through a hose, the high-pressure water pump is arranged in a cabin of a sediment elution ship, one end of the high-pressure water pump is pumped into river water through a pipeline, high-pressure water is formed by pressurization of the high-pressure water pump and is led to the high-pressure water column spray head through the hose at the other end of the high-pressure water pump, the high-pressure water column is ejected out of the cover-type elution bin, and water in the cover-type elution bin is rolled and stirred to form silt mixture; the sludge suction head is connected with an organic floating sludge pump through a hose, and the organic floating sludge pump is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sludge elution ship; the medicine feeding pump is arranged in a cabin of the bottom mud elution boat, one end of the medicine feeding pump is connected with the medicine tank, and the medicine for accelerating sludge sedimentation is thrown into the cover type elution cabin through the medicine feeding pump;

one end of the organic floating sludge pump is connected with a simple sludge treatment device, and the simple sludge treatment device is connected to an integrated air floatation device or a movable sludge truck on the river bank; the simple sludge treatment equipment comprises a sludge collector, wherein spiral seepage pipes are arranged on the periphery of the sludge collector, liquid inlets of the spiral seepage pipes are positioned at the lower part of the sludge collector and are communicated with the sludge collector, liquid outlets are positioned at the upper part of the sludge collector and are communicated with the sludge collector, but the liquid outlets are not higher than the lowest liquid level of the sludge collector, a one-stage or multi-stage cross-tube reactor is arranged on the spiral seepage pipes, the cross-tube reactor is connected with the spiral seepage pipes through elbow flanges, and the cross-tube reactor is a tubular electrode and is used for breaking the wall of the sludge;

water quality improvement:

firstly, aerating oxygen by micro-nano bubbles, and adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures to construct a water body ecological system and maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard; the aeration mode of the micro-nano bubbles is based on a micro-nano aeration device, aeration stones in an aeration head are pressurized through an air pump, a negative pressure zone is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure zone through an air inlet, a peripheral liquid zone and a central gas zone are divided into the aeration head, the air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an air outlet part of the high-speed rotating aeration stones, the micro bubbles improve the oxygen dissolving efficiency of sewage, and meanwhile, the micro-nano bubbles have good air buoyancy and can stay in the sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved; the feeding mode of the EM bacteria and the microalgae is that the EM bacteria are firstly adopted to carry out the bioremediation and the phytoremediation of the sewage, and then the microalgae are fed in to form symbiotic organisms with the EM bacteria for combined treatment; the underwater forest is formed by paving a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing part, and freely growing underwater plants to form the underwater forest;

cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body:

floating the pollutants, algae and oil stains on the surface of the water body, adding a floating coagulant to float the pollutants on the water surface, collecting and pumping the surface pollutants to a micro-nano bubble air floatation device through a water surface slag conveyor for treatment, returning clear water to the water body, and transferring and treating the pollutants; the floating coagulant comprises chitosan, polymeric ferric sulfate, permanganate and sulfonated lignin salt.

2. The novel endogenous treatment method for the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the length, width and height of the cover type elution bin are 1-5m, 1-5m and 0.5-1 m; when the cover type elution bin works, at least 0.2m of the cover type elution bin is inserted into a sediment layer at the bottom of water to form in-situ covering deep silt and prevent pollutants from being released.

3. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the medicine tank is used for storing a polyacrylamide coagulant aid.

4. The novel endogenous treatment method of black and odorous river water according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that: the top of the cover-type elution bin is provided with a plurality of micropores for discharging air or water.

5. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cover type elution bin is a metal cover body and is arranged on the sediment elution ship by a labor-saving wheel bracket in a hanging mode.

6. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the EM bacteria is microbial agent, including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.

7. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the floating coagulant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 20-35 parts of polymeric ferric sulfate, 20-30 parts of permanganate and 30-40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt.

8. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sulfonated lignin salt is sodium lignosulfonate or magnesium lignosulfonate.

Images