CN112759181A

CN112759181A - Novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN112759181A
Application number: CN202011473416.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕斯濠; 林辉; 胡爽; 杨草; 杨立辉; 何忠艳; 苏桂鑫; 苏乐; 李文威; 陈诗婷; 胡秀红; 甘诗迪; 庄伟琪
Original assignee: Guangdong Efenda Environmental Technology Co ltd; Dongguan University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong Efenda Environmental Technology Co ltd; Dongguan University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-12-15
Filing date: 2020-12-15
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-15
Also published as: CN112759181B

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel endogenous treatment method of black and odorous river water, which comprises the following steps: a water surface suspended matter cleaning system, a water bottom sediment pollution removing system and a water quality improving measure. Aiming at the pollution of the inner lakes of the river and lake water bodies, the treatment is respectively carried out from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of the water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, the surface pollutants are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment through a water surface slag conveyor, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. For a water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system, so that the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard.

Description

Novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a novel endogenous treatment method for black and odorous river water.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization process in China, the scale and population of cities and towns are continuously increased, the discharge amount of sewage produced and living by human beings is increasingly increased, and the concentration of pollutants entering a water body exceeds the self-purification capacity of the water body. Aerobic microorganisms consume oxygen in the water body through metabolism, so that the water body is in an anoxic or anaerobic state, and the anaerobic microorganisms which propagate in large quantity and organic matters are subjected to reactions such as putrefaction, decomposition, fermentation and the like to generate 14000 kinds of odoriferous gases such as organic sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, methane and the like; meanwhile, heavy metals such as iron, manganese and the like in the water body are reduced and combined with sulfur ions to form FeS, MnS and other black precipitates so as to blacken the water body. In addition, the urban water body has poor fluidity and insufficient hydrodynamic force, so that the water environment is deteriorated, pollutants are accumulated, and the black and odorous condition of the water body is aggravated. The existence of the black and odorous river water not only brings bad sensory stimulation to people, but also directly poses serious threats to the drinking water and water safety of people.

At present, the treatment of urban black and odorous river water mainly comprises a physical treatment technology, a chemical treatment technology and a biological ecological treatment technology. Although 3 treatment technologies are widely applied to treatment of the black and odorous river water, the black and odorous river water has different advantages and disadvantages, and the long-term effectiveness of the black and odorous river water cannot be guaranteed by singly applying a certain technology. Therefore, the combined application of a plurality of technologies to the treatment of the black and odorous river water achieves better effect. Wherein, the endogenous treatment of the black and odorous river water is a basic measure.

Therefore, a novel method for endogenous treatment of black and odorous river water is needed to treat a sewage river with low water level, small river channel and narrow river channel.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a novel method for treating black and odorous river water by using water bottom, water body and water surface to treat pollutants in rivers and lakes, so as to achieve the effect of restoring water quality of rivers and lakes.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel method for endogenous management of black and odorous river water comprises

And (3) clearing water body sediment pollution:

driving a bottom mud elution ship into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloidal pollutants in the bottom mud; the method for eluting the sediment is that a cover-type elution bin is arranged on a sediment elution ship, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only the bottom of the cover-type elution bin is provided with an opening, the cover-type elution bin is penetrated into the water bottom and covers the sediment, the position of the part of the water bottom where the sediment needs to be treated is isolated, the pollutant is prevented from being released in a mode of covering deep-layer sediment in situ, then stirring and mixing the sewage, the silt and the bottom mud by adopting a high-pressure water column in the cover-type elution bin, suspending the colloidal float sludge with lighter mass into a water body by controlling the stirring speed, then precipitating to form a layer of organic float sludge, and the heavy silt inorganic matter settles, then the organic floating silt in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface by a suction mode for mud-water separation, the clear water returns to the river or the lake, then the bottom sediment elution ship moves to drive the cover type elution bin to perform bottom sediment treatment at the next position, and the steps are repeated continuously;

water quality of a water body is improved:

firstly, aerating by micro-nano bubbles, and constructing a water body ecological system by adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures to maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard; the aeration mode of the micro-nano bubbles is based on a micro-nano aeration device, aeration stones in an aeration head are pressurized through a water pump, a negative pressure area is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure area through an air outlet and is divided into a peripheral liquid area and a central gas area under water, air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an air outlet part of the aeration stones rotating at high speed, the micro bubbles improve the sewage dissolved oxygen efficiency, and meanwhile, the micro bubbles have good air buoyancy and can stay in sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved; the underwater forest is formed by paving a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing piece, and enabling underwater plants to grow freely;

cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body:

floating the pollutants, algae and oil stains on the surface of the water body, adding a floating coagulant to float the pollutants on the water surface, collecting and pumping the surface pollutants to a micro-nano bubble air floatation device through a water surface slag conveyor for treatment, returning clear water to the water body, and transferring and treating the pollutants; the floating coagulant comprises chitosan, polymeric ferric sulfate, permanganate and sulfonated lignin salt.

Compared with the prior art, the method has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and particularly, according to the technical scheme, the method is used for treating the inland lake pollution of the river and lake water body from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of the water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, the surface pollutants are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment through a water surface slag conveyor, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. For a water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system, so that the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard.

Particularly, the cover-type elution bin is adopted to locally isolate the water body, and in an in-situ treatment mode, the river water is directly treated in the movable water body without emptying and dredging by an excavator or intercepting by a dam and the like, so that the method is simple and convenient, and saves cost. Furthermore, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only an opening is formed in the bottom, the cover-type elution bin is inserted into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of bottom mud to be treated at the part of the water bottom is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, silt overflow caused by the fact that water in the cover-type elution bin is stirred when sludge is treated is avoided, the cover-type elution bin is only used for carrying out the sludge treatment, and therefore the whole sludge treatment process is environment-friendly. After adopting bell-type elution storehouse to keep apart the water, adopt high-pressure water column again in inside and mix sewage, silt, bed mud stirring, make the quality lighter be colloidal mud float and suspend and form one deck organic mud float in the water, and heavy silt inorganic matter subsides, the organic mud float pump in the bell-type elution storehouse of rethread suction carries out mud-water separation outside the surface of water, the clear water returns to in river or the lake, such mode can not cause secondary pollution to original water in the river course, whole processing method is simple and quick.

To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an endogenous treatment method of black and odorous river water according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an integrated bottom mud elution boat according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the black and odorous river sediment treatment according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom mud treatment of a black and odorous river according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a simplified sludge treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparative effect before and after the elution of the bottom sediment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the bottom sediment before and after elution.

Reference numerals

10. Bottom mud elution ship 11 and high-pressure water pump

12. Organic floating mud pump 13 and dosing pump

14. Labor-saving pulley 20 and cover type elution bin

21. Metal hood 22, high pressure water column injector head

23. Sludge suction head 24 and spray nozzle

25. Micropore 30, micro-nano aeration device

40. Water surface slag conveyor 50 and integrated air floatation equipment

60. Simple sludge treatment equipment 101 and organic floating sludge

102. Silt inorganic matters.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, it shows a technical scheme of the present invention, which is a novel method for treating the interior of the black and odorous river water, including removing the bottom sediment pollution of the water body, improving the water quality of the water body, and cleaning the suspended matters on the surface of the water body.

Wherein, the water body sediment pollution is clear away: the method is that the sediment elution ship 10 is driven into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloid pollutants in the sediment. The bottom mud elution method is that a cover-type elution bin 20 is arranged on a bottom mud elution boat, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed and only provided with an opening at the bottom, the cover-type elution bin is penetrated into the water bottom and covers silt, the position of the part of the water bottom needing to be treated of the bottom mud is isolated, pollutant release is prevented in a mode of covering deep silt in situ, then sewage, silt and the bottom mud are stirred and mixed by adopting a high-pressure water column, an air flow or mechanical stirring motion in the cover-type elution bin, the lighter colloidal floating mud is suspended in a water body by controlling the stirring speed and then descends to form a layer of organic floating mud 101, the heavy silt and inorganic 102 matters settle, the organic floating mud in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface for mud-water separation, clear water returns to a river or a lake, and then the bottom mud elution boat moves to drive the cover-type elution bin to treat the bottom mud, repeating the steps continuously, and removing sludge with the thickness of 20-40mm below the water bottom.

Water quality of a water body is improved: the method is characterized in that a water body ecological system is constructed by adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures through micro-nano bubble oxygenation, and the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard. The aeration mode of the micro-nano bubbles is based on a micro-nano aeration device 30, aeration stones in an aeration head are pressurized through a water pump, a negative pressure area is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure area through an air outlet and is divided into a peripheral liquid area and a central gas area under water, air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an air outlet part of the aeration stones rotating at high speed, the micro bubbles improve the sewage dissolved oxygen efficiency, and meanwhile, the micro-nano micro bubbles have good air buoyancy and can stay in sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved; the underwater forest is formed by laying a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing piece and freely growing underwater plants.

Cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body: the method is characterized in that suspended matters, algae and oil stains on the surface of a water body are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, then the pollutants on the surface are collected and pumped to micro-nano bubble floatation equipment for treatment by a water surface slag conveyor 40, clear water returns to the water body, and the pollutants are transferred and treated; the floating coagulant comprises chitosan, polymeric ferric sulfate, permanganate and sulfonated lignin salt.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, for rivers or lakes with some water depths, a sludge treatment integrated bottom sludge elution ship 10 can be adopted, that is, an integrated air floatation device 50 is arranged on the bottom sludge elution ship 10, a sludge collection tank 51, a micro-nano bubble separation device 52, a sludge storage tank 53, a sludge filter press 54 and the like are all built on the ship, so that sludge pumped out from a cover type elution bin 20 can be directly treated on the bottom sludge elution ship, and finally, dewatered sludge cakes are obtained and transported outside. The sludge treatment process is that organic floating mud 101 is firstly absorbed by a hood-type elution bin 20, the organic floating mud 101 is pumped into a sludge collection pool 51 by an organic floating mud pump 12, the further separation of the organic floating mud is changed into floating and sinking two substances by utilizing a micro-nano bubble separation device 52, the floating substances are scraped to a mud storage pool 53 by a mud scraping device 205, the mud storage pool 53 is pumped to a sludge filter press 54 by a sludge pump, the sinking substances are pumped to the sludge filter press 54 by the sludge pump, and sludge cakes are formed after the sludge filter press 54 is dewatered. These devices built on the ship all increase the draught of the ship and are therefore only suitable for rivers in deep water areas.

Example 2

For a river or lake with a shallow river bed, the following scheme is adopted: referring to fig. 3, using as light a boat as possible, the heavy equipment on the bottom mud wash vessel 10 is removed so that the boat has a shallow draft to enter a shallow river or lake. And the sludge collection tank 51 for treating the sludge, the micro-nano bubble separation device 52 and the sludge storage tank 53 are integrated into a whole (see fig. 3) and are all built on the river bank, and the sludge filter press 54 can be vehicle-mounted. The organic floating mud 101 is pumped to an integrated device on the river bank, and then the mud is treated step by step, and the sludge treatment mode refers to example 1.

Example 3

For some sewage rivers, the situation that the river course is small and narrow and the river bank cannot provide enough space to build large-scale sludge treatment equipment is solved by adopting the mode of figure 4. The same weight reduction of the hull is possible with the lightweight mud eluting vessel 10. Therefore, two hanging

towers

14 and 15 are arranged, one is used for hanging the cover-type elution bin 20, the other is used for hanging the simple sludge treatment equipment 60, the collected organic sludge can be temporarily stored by using the simple sludge treatment equipment 60, and the collected organic sludge is transported to the integrated air floatation equipment 50 on the bank for further treatment after being fully stored.

The specific scheme is as follows: the structure of the cover type elution bin is described firstly, the cover type elution bin 20 is a metal cover body 21, the metal cover body can sink underwater under the weight of the metal cover body, and the metal cover body is arranged on a sediment elution ship by using a labor-saving wheel bracket in a hanging mode, for example, a labor-saving pulley 14 is used. And the length, width and height of the cover-type elution bin are preferably 1-5m, 1-5m and 0.5-1 m, and when the river surface for treating sewage is narrow, the cover-type elution bin with a smaller size can be selected, and conversely, the cover-type elution bin with a larger size can be selected. When the cover type elution bin works, at least 0.2 m of the cover type elution bin is inserted into a sediment layer at the bottom of water to form in-situ covering deep silt and prevent pollutants from being released. Just because bell-type elution storehouse confined structure for turbid sludge water only can go on in the storehouse when stirring the bed mud, can not spread the pollutant to the outside.

Besides, the hood-type elution bin 20 is internally provided with a high-pressure water column spray head 22, a sludge suction head 23 and a spray nozzle 24. This high pressure water column injector head 22 passes through hose connection high pressure water pump 11, and this high pressure water pump 11 is arranged in the ship storehouse of sediment elution ship 10, and one end of high pressure water pump 11 is through the pipeline pump river water, increases through high pressure water pump and forms the high pressure water and lead to high pressure water column injection 22 through the hose of another end, jets out high pressure water column to bell-type elution storehouse, makes the water in the bell-type elution storehouse roll the stirring and form silt and mix. The sludge suction head 23 is connected with an organic floating sludge pump 12 through a hose, the organic floating sludge pump 12 is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sludge elution ship 10, and one end of the organic floating sludge pump 12 is connected with the simple sludge treatment equipment 60; the medicine adding pump 13 is connected with the medicine adding nozzle 24 through a hose, the medicine adding pump 13 is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sediment elution boat 10, one end of the medicine adding pump is connected with the medicine tank, and the medicine for accelerating the sludge sedimentation is thrown to the cover type elution cabin through the medicine adding pump.

The high-pressure water column jet head 22 is used for jetting the high-pressure water column to the bottom of the mud, so that organic matters and inorganic matters at the bottom of the mud are completely stirred and mixed, sand with heavy weight sinks along with the stop of the high-pressure water column, floating mud with light weight and colloid is positioned above the sand, and after the floating mud is settled for a period of time, the sludge with the thickness of 20-40mm in the bin is removed by using the sludge suction head, so that the sludge can be ensured to be pumped out instead of the sand. Moreover, the precipitation of the sludge is accelerated by a medicine adding mode, so that the sludge treatment is more efficient.

In this embodiment, the medicine tank stores a polyacrylamide coagulant aid, which is a commonly used flocculant and is ideal in use effect. At present, the flocculant is generally applied to a sedimentation tank as an auxiliary agent, and the sedimentation tank is static and is also common. But the flocculant is directly applied to a dynamic river channel with continuous water flow and can be matched with a cover-type elution bin for use.

In addition, when some small sewage rivers are handled, the cover-type elution storehouse of selecting for use is less when lighter in size, when disposing the high-pressure squirt and erodeing the bed mud, probably causes the vibration of cover-type elution storehouse, overturns even. Therefore, the top of the cover-type elution bin is also provided with a plurality of micropores for discharging air or water, so that the relative balance of air pressure and water pressure in the bin and the outside is ensured, and the situation of bin turning is prevented.

In this embodiment 3, the simple sludge treatment apparatus 60 is not on board, nor on shore, but is towed by the bottom sediment elution vessel 10 to travel in the river synchronously with the bottom sediment elution vessel 10. The simple sludge treatment equipment 60 is different from the integrated air floatation equipment 50, is used as a connecting device before entering the integrated air floatation equipment 50, has the main functions of primary treatment of sludge and certain sludge dewatering and water body purification functions, and brings convenience for sludge treatment of narrow and small foul water ditches.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the simple sludge treatment apparatus 60 comprises a sludge collector 61, spiral-type oozing pipes 63 are arranged on the periphery of the sludge collector 61, a liquid inlet 631 of the spiral-type oozing pipes 63 is located at the lower part of the sludge collector 61, and a liquid outlet 632 is located at the upper part of the sludge collector 61, but the liquid outlet 632 is not higher than the lowest liquid level of the sludge collector 61. Thus, by gravity flow, the drained water in the sludge passes through the spiral seepage pipe 63 through the liquid inlet 631 and finally flows out of the liquid outlet 632. Particularly, the spiral-type seepage pipe 63 is also provided with one-stage or multi-stage horizontal pipe reactors 64, and the horizontal pipe reactors 64 are connected with the spiral seepage pipe 63 by elbow flanges 641, so that the detachable replacement of each horizontal pipe reactor is realized. The horizontal tube reactor 64 is a tubular electrode which can instantly generate a high-voltage pulse electric field magnetic field to destroy organic matters, biomass, cell membranes and cell walls of rich nutrients in the sludge water, and even if the sewage flows back to a river channel again, harmful organisms of the sewage are destroyed and no odor is generated, so that the purposes of filtering, deodorizing and purifying the sewage are achieved.

And, in order to prevent spiral type infiltration pipe 63 from being blocked up, install one-way apron and grid net in the position of inlet 631, prevent the sewage refluence in spiral type infiltration pipe 63 to prevent that inlet 631 from blockking up. Therefore, the water in the organic floating mud 101 can be removed through the spiral seepage pipe 63 and flows back to the sewage river to reduce the weight and make the mud more compact, so that more mud can be loaded at one time.

The method of the above examples 1, 2 and 3 is adopted to compare the bottom sediment collection, and the conditions before and after elution through the above steps can be referred to fig. 6 and fig. 7. As shown in the left panel of fig. 6, the sediment before elution is black and rich in nutrients, which is also a significant cause of the river water becoming black and smelly. The right panel of fig. 6 is the sediment after elution, grey, with abundant nutrients largely eliminated. As shown in FIG. 7, the left side of FIG. 7 is the column sample before elution, and the right side is the column sample after elution, which can obviously isolate the fouling layer generating black odor at the bottom of water by the elution layer, and can completely remove the fouling layer under the ideal effect.

After the bottom mud is treated, the mud-water boundary can be clearly limited, and the mud-water boundary can be quickly clarified even if the bottom mud is scratched again, so that the anaerobic upwelling of the bottom mud and the black and odorous water body can be quickly eliminated. The amount of pollutants and algal cells after elution was significantly reduced, and the following table was used for comparison of the effects.

Elution time	1min	3min	5min
				Chlorophyll reduction	11-23%	48-56%	85-95%
Total phosphorus reduction	9-14%	25-38%	85-95%
				Total nitrogen reduction	3-7%	13-21%	56-80%

And (3) water quality improvement of a water body: the lifting method refers to micro-nano bubble oxygenation, EM (effective microorganisms) culture and underwater forest construction. In the embodiment, a micro-nano bubble oxygenation mode is adopted, and meanwhile, the floating coagulant is added. By the transformation of the micro-nano aeration device and the formation principle of a negative pressure zone, the floating coagulant is added while aeration is carried out. Due to the above, the water is divided into the peripheral liquid zone and the central gas zone during aeration, and when micro-nano bubbles are emitted at the water bottom, the floating coagulant is driven to enter the water together, so that the stirring operation can be omitted.

In the embodiment, the floating coagulant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 20-35 parts of polyferric sulfate, 20-30 parts of permanganate and 30-40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. Wherein,

polyferric sulfate is an intermediate hydrolysis product prepared from ferric salt, belongs to a water-soluble inorganic high molecular substance, and generates a large amount of high-charge polymeric cations after being dissolved in water, such as various levels of polynuclear complex ferric ions formed by bridging hydroxyl groups such as Fe2 (OH) 3+3, Fe2 (OH) 4+2, Fe3 (OH) 5+4 and the like. Therefore, the emulsion breaking agent has strong capacity of neutralizing charges on suspended particles, destabilizes the suspended particles and generates flocs of larger particles, has good emulsion breaking effect on emulsified oil in sewage due to large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, has strong adsorption capacity on heavy metals, odor and pigments, and shows unique superiority when in use.

Polyferric sulfate is also called basic ferric sulfate, is a high-efficiency novel water treatment agent, and is widely used for treating drinking water, industrial wastewater and municipal sewage. Polymeric Ferric Sulfate (PFS) exists in water in various forms of iron complex ions, such as [ Fe (OH) 2] +, [ Fe (OH) 2+, [ Fe2- (OH) 2] 4+, etc. They form multi-core complex ions by OH bridging, and these multi-core complex ions can be mutually dissolved with water in any proportion, so that they can play the role of electric neutralization and adsorption bridging. The polymeric ferric sulfate flocculant is an intermediate product of a conversion process of hydrolyzing 2 complexing 2 polymeric 2 gelling 2 precipitating and the like of ferric sulfate in a water body. The basic reaction formula for the hydrolysis of Fe (iii) can be written: fe (H2O)3+6+ nH2O = [ Fe (oh) n (H2O)6-n ] (3-n) + + nH3O + when the pH of the solution is raised, the mononuclear hydroxyl complex ions will form hydroxyl-bridged polynuclear complexes, and the basic reaction formula can be written as [ Fe (oh) +2] n + Fe3+ +2H2O = [ Fe (oh) +2] n +1+2H + to hydroxyl-bridged polynuclear complexes will be partially slower to react [ Fe (oh) +2] n = [ feo (oh) ] n + nH +.

Chitosan

The chitosan chitin deacetylation product has rich natural sources, can show cationic polyelectrolyte property in an acidic medium, and is non-toxic and easily biodegradable. The flocculation capability can be improved through the composite synergistic effect of chitosan and polymeric ferric sulfate. The chitosan molecular chain has positive charges, and the electric neutralization capacity can be enhanced through the superposition effect of the chitosan molecular chain and the positive charges of the polymeric ferric sulfate. In addition, each unit of the chitosan molecule has an amino group, and the chitosan molecule can generate chelation over-adsorption and net-capture bridging with metal ions of polymeric ferric sulfate, so that the molecular chain of the organic polymer is used for bridging between destabilized particles, and the removal capability of the micro particles in water is enhanced.

Permanganate salt

Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidant, can be combined with the adsorption of polymeric ferric sulfate, has a good function of removing algae and odor in rivers or lakes, and quickly makes water bodies become clear. On the basis, a sulfonated lignin salt is added as an air entraining agent, and the sulfonated lignin salt is sodium lignosulfonate, magnesium lignosulfonate or sodium humate which are natural products and have stable performance, no toxicity and no harm. As an air entraining agent, to float the flocculated material to the surface of the water, which is then collected by a dragveyer to remove the contaminants from the water in the river/lake.

After the above treatment, the sludge at the bottom of the river is removed, the suspended matters in the river water are basically removed, and the clear water becomes clear. Then adding EM bacteria and algae. The EM bacteria are microbial agents, including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and the like. During the restoration process, some algae eating insects, aquatic animals, tubificidae and the like can be introduced, and algae can be introduced. And then starting the construction of the underwater forest.

Application example 1: black and odorous water treatment for three or eight ditches in dormitory city

As shown in FIG. 5, the pollution of the water body in the ditch is treated from the surface of the water body, the sludge at the bottom of the water body and the water body per se respectively. For suspended matters, algae, oil stains and the like on the surface of a water body, pollutants are floated on the water surface by adding a floating coagulant, wherein the weight ratio of the floating coagulant is as follows: 20 parts of polysaccharide, 35 parts of polyferric sulfate, 30 parts of permanganate and 40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. And collecting and pumping the surface pollutants to micro-nano bubble air floatation equipment through a water surface slag conveyor 40 for treatment, returning clear water to a water body, and transferring and disposing the pollutants. For the water bottom sludge, the water bottom sludge is treated by a bottom sludge elution technology, light and organic colloid pollutants in the bottom sludge are eluted, and the influence of the bottom sludge pollutants on the water quality of a water body is eliminated. For a water body, an EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium and an underwater forest measure are added to construct a water body ecological system, so that the long-acting water quality is maintained to reach the standard. The effect after sewage treatment can be seen in the following table:

content detection item	Transparency (cm)	Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	ORP(mV)	Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L)
					Before testing	18	2.7	25	10.50
Middle period of the test	34	3.6	101	12.20
					Late stage of the experiment	35	3.7	127	7.78
Standard of black odor	＞25	＞2	＞50	＜8
					Evaluation results	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor

Application example 2: black odorous water treatment of cogongrass river in Dongguan city

The treatment method is the same as that of the above case 1, the weight ratio of the floating coagulant is different, and the input amount is as follows: 30 parts of polysaccharide, 25 parts of polyferric sulfate, 40 parts of permanganate and 30 parts of sulfonated lignin salt. The effect after sewage treatment can be seen in the following table:

content detection item	Transparency (cm)	Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	ORP(mV)	Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L)
					Before testing	11	0.84	-15.5	10.4
Late stage of the experiment	40	5.6	114	5.5
					Standard of black odor	＞25	＞2	＞50	＜8
Evaluation results	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor	Eliminating black odor

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel black and odorous river water endogenous treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises that

And (3) clearing water body sediment pollution:

driving a bottom mud elution ship into a sewage river or lake to elute light and organic colloidal pollutants in the bottom mud; the method for eluting the sediment is that a cover-type elution bin is arranged on a sediment elution ship, the periphery and the top of the cover-type elution bin are sealed, only the bottom of the cover-type elution bin is provided with an opening, the cover-type elution bin is penetrated into the water bottom and covers the sediment, the position of the part of the water bottom where the sediment needs to be treated is isolated, the pollutant is prevented from being released in a mode of covering deep-layer sediment in situ, then stirring and mixing the sewage, the silt and the bottom mud by adopting high-pressure water column injection in the cover-type elution bin, suspending the colloidal float sludge with lighter mass into a water body by controlling the injection speed, then precipitating to form a layer of organic float sludge, and the heavy silt inorganic matter settles, then the organic floating silt in the cover-type elution bin is pumped out of the water surface by a suction mode for mud-water separation, the clear water returns to the river or the lake, then the bottom sediment elution ship moves to drive the cover type elution bin to perform bottom sediment treatment at the next position, and the steps are repeated continuously;

water quality of a water body is improved:

firstly, aerating by micro-nano bubbles, and constructing a water body ecological system by adding EM (effective microorganisms), microalgae and underwater forest measures to maintain the long-acting water quality to reach the standard; the aeration mode of the micro-nano bubbles is based on a micro-nano aeration device, aeration stones in an aeration head are pressurized through a water pump and rotate at a high speed, a negative pressure area is formed in the aeration head under the centrifugal action, air enters the negative pressure area through an air outlet and is divided into a peripheral liquid area and a central gas area under water, the air is uniformly cut into micro-nano micro bubbles with the diameter of 5-30 nanometers by an air outlet part of the high-speed rotating aeration stones, the micro bubbles improve the dissolved oxygen efficiency of sewage, and meanwhile, the micro-nano bubbles have good air buoyancy and can stay in the sewage for a long time, so that a good aeration effect can be achieved; the feeding mode of the EM bacteria and the microalgae is that the EM bacteria are firstly adopted to carry out bioremediation and phytoremediation of sewage, and then the microalgae are fed in to form symbiotic organisms with the EM bacteria for combined treatment; the underwater forest is formed by paving a latticed underwater plant planting base made of degradable materials at the bottom of a river or a lake, fixing the planting base by using a fixing piece, and enabling underwater plants to grow freely;

cleaning suspended matters on the surface of a water body:

2. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the length, width and height of the cover type elution bin are 1-5m, 1-5m and 0.5-1 m; when the cover type elution bin works, at least 0.2 m of the cover type elution bin is inserted into a sediment layer at the bottom of water to form in-situ covering deep silt and prevent pollutants from being released.

3. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cover-type elution cabin is internally provided with a high-pressure water column spray head, a sludge suction head and a spray nozzle, the high-pressure water column spray head is connected with a high-pressure water pump through a hose, the high-pressure water pump is arranged in a cabin of the sediment elution ship, one end of the high-pressure water pump pumps river water through a pipeline, high-pressure water is formed by increasing the high-pressure water pump and is led to the high-pressure water column spray head through the hose at the other end, the high-pressure water column is jetted out of the cover-type elution cabin, and water in the cover-type elution cabin; the sludge suction head is connected with an organic floating sludge pump through a hose, the organic floating sludge pump is arranged in a cabin of the bottom sludge elution ship, and one end of the organic floating sludge pump is connected with integrated air floatation equipment or a movable sludge truck on a river bank; the medicine feeding pump is arranged in a cabin of the sediment elution boat, one end of the medicine feeding pump is connected with the medicine tank, and a medicine for accelerating sludge sedimentation is thrown to the cover type elution cabin through the medicine feeding pump.

4. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the medicine tank is used for storing a polyacrylamide coagulant aid.

5. The novel endogenous treatment method of black and odorous river water according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that: the top of the cover-type elution bin is provided with a plurality of micropores for discharging air or water.

6. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: one end of the organic floating mud pump is connected with simple sludge treatment equipment and then is connected with integrated floating equipment or a movable mud truck on the river bank; this simple and easy sludge treatment equipment contains a sludge collector, and this sludge collector's periphery sets up spiral infiltration pipe, and the inlet of these spiral infiltration pipes is located sludge collector's lower part, and the liquid outlet is located sludge collector's upper portion, but the liquid outlet can not exceed sludge collector's minimum liquid level, has set up one-level or multistage tubular reactor on spiral infiltration pipe, adopts elbow flange joint between tubular reactor and the spiral infiltration pipe, and tubular electrode is adopted to the tubular reactor.

7. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cover type elution bin is a metal cover body and is arranged on the sediment elution ship by a labor-saving wheel bracket in a hanging mode.

8. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the EM bacteria is microbial agent, including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.

9. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the floating coagulant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 20-35 parts of polymeric ferric sulfate, 20-30 parts of permanganate and 30-40 parts of sulfonated lignin salt.

10. The novel endogenous treatment method of the black and odorous river water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sulfonated lignin salt is sodium lignosulfonate, magnesium lignosulfonate or sodium humate.