CN112757175B - Superhard grinding wheel with composite structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Superhard grinding wheel with composite structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112757175B CN112757175B CN202011556364.XA CN202011556364A CN112757175B CN 112757175 B CN112757175 B CN 112757175B CN 202011556364 A CN202011556364 A CN 202011556364A CN 112757175 B CN112757175 B CN 112757175B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0018—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by electrolytic deposition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
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Abstract
A superhard material grinding wheel of composite construction and its preparation method, through laying and plating the superhard grinding material area and ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area on the excircle profile of the grinding wheel basal body, in the course of shaping and grinding, because the abrasive material blade of the superhard grinding material area of plating is higher to stick out the height of binder, the abrasive material is comparatively sharp, hold bits and cooling space sufficient, responsible for the rough grinding to remove most single feed rate, and bring heat and abrasive dust away from the grinding area at any time; the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is responsible for removing the residual small part of the single feeding amount by fine grinding, plays a role in profile modification and grinding surface roughness improvement, and ensures that the grinding size precision and the surface roughness are qualified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superhard grinding wheels, and particularly relates to a superhard grinding wheel with a composite structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With continuous innovation and development of scientific technology, the forming, grinding and manufacturing level of high-precision parts is remarkably improved, and higher requirements on grinding and processing precision and efficiency are provided. Because the superhard material grinding wheel has the advantages of long service life, high machining precision, good geometric shape retentivity, difficulty in burning workpieces and the like, the high-precision forming grinding superhard material grinding wheel can be widely applied to many fields.
At present, for the forming and grinding processing of high-precision parts, an electroplated superhard grinding wheel is generally adopted for rough grinding processing, and then a ceramic superhard grinding wheel is adopted for finish grinding processing. The electroplated superhard grinding wheel abrasive has high edge height, good cutting sharpness, no need of trimming in the grinding process and high processing efficiency, but the surface roughness of a grinding workpiece is larger, so that the electroplated superhard grinding wheel abrasive is suitable for rough grinding processing; the ceramic superhard grinding wheel bonding agent has good rigidity, high holding force on the grinding materials, good holding performance of the geometric shape of the molded surface, difficult heating and blockage in the grinding process, small surface roughness of the grinding workpiece and suitability for finish grinding processing, but the grinding material layer needs to be frequently trimmed for shape correction or sharpening in the grinding process, and the processing beat is greatly reduced.
Problems with such processes are:
1. the processing of the molded surface is finished by two procedures of coarse grinding and fine grinding, and the production cost of processing equipment, personnel, field and the like is doubled;
2. between the coarse grinding process and the accurate grinding process, the operation and the repeated clamping of the workpiece consume time, and the production efficiency is influenced;
3. the ceramic grinding wheel is regularly dressed in the fine grinding process, the dressing frequency is high, the complex profile dressing time is long, and the production efficiency is influenced.
Chinese invention patent 'manufacturing method of electroplated superhard material grinding wheel' (publication number: CN 105598866B)
) The method for manufacturing the electroplated superhard grinding wheel is characterized in that the time consumed by sanding (sand burying) and thickening in the production process of the existing superhard material electroplated grinding wheel accounts for 70-80% of the time of the whole process, and the key for improving the production efficiency of the electroplated grinding wheel is to shorten the sanding time and the thickening time. The maximum current density allowed by the prior sanding and thickening is generally not more than 1A/dm2 and 2A/dm2, so that the time consumed by the two procedures is long; the manufacturing method of the electroplated superhard grinding wheel, which is disclosed by the invention, adopts the technical means of grinding wheel rotation, abrasive vibration dynamic sand burying method, two-dimensional rotation thickening and the like to effectively improve the sand burying and thickening efficiency, the corresponding sand burying and thickening time is shortened to about half of that of the prior art, the processing of sand burying and thickening is emphasized, and the structure of the superhard grinding wheel is not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a superhard material grinding wheel with a composite structure and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and improving the qualification rate of the rough and fine integral grinding precision of high-precision parts.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a superhard materials emery wheel of composite construction, includes the emery wheel base member, the interval is equipped with N sections and electroplates superhard abrasive material district on the excircle profile of emery wheel base member, and all is equipped with ceramic superhard grinding wheel block district between the adjacent electroplating superhard abrasive material district, and the excircle profile in pottery superhard grinding wheel block district and electroplating superhard abrasive material district is laid for concentric constant diameter.
The N sections of electroplated superhard abrasive areas are uniformly distributed at intervals.
The ratio of the arc length of the electroplating superhard grinding material area to the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area is 1-5: 1.
the arc length of the electroplating superhard grinding material area is that the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area is = 4: 1,
12 ceramic superhard grinding wheel block areas are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the grinding wheel matrix.
A manufacturing method of a superhard material grinding wheel with a composite structure comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a grinding wheel matrix blank;
2) grinding wheel base body semi-finish turning machine
Performing lathe rough turning on a grinding wheel matrix blank, grinding the thickness of the grinding wheel matrix blank by using a surface grinding machine to meet the size requirement, grinding an inner hole of an inner circle grinding machine to meet the size requirement, wherein the end jump requirement is less than or equal to 0.005mm, and the roughness requirement Ra is less than or equal to 0.8 um;
3) finish turning of grinding wheel matrix
The numerical control lathe is used for turning a mandrel on line, installing and pressing a grinding wheel base body, finely turning the profile of the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body, and finely turning a radial reference small step;
4) grinding wheel base milling groove
Clamping a grinding wheel base body by using a special alignment fixture in a numerically controlled milling machine, and uniformly and finely milling N trapezoidal grooves on the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body;
5) electroplating of superhard abrasives
Electroplating an electroplated superhard abrasive area on the outer circle profile of the grinding wheel substrate, wherein the embedding rate of the abrasive is controlled within the range of 45-50%;
6) cemented ceramic superhard grinding wheel block
Assembling the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block in the trapezoidal groove of the grinding wheel base body by using a special tool, wherein the outlines of all the parts of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block are larger than the outline of the electroplated superhard grinding layer; then coating viscose on the contact surface of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block, and putting the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block into an oven for bonding treatment;
7) integrated cylindrical abrasive layer dressing
On special trimming equipment, the radial reference on the grinding wheel matrix is aligned to be less than or equal to 0.001mm, the outline of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is trimmed to be qualified, then the integral trimming is continued until the electroplated abrasive layer area is formed, and finally the outlines of the electroplated superhard abrasive layer area and the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area are completely overlapped in the circumferential direction;
8) dynamic balance processing
And (5) performing dynamic balance on the grinding wheel to reach the G0.4 standard to obtain a finished grinding wheel.
The grinding wheel base body is a 40Cr forged piece, the hardening and tempering hardness is HRC 26-30, and the defects of cracks and sand holes are avoided.
And 4) uniformly and finely milling 12 trapezoidal grooves on the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body in the step 4).
The range of the outlines of all the parts of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block exceeding the electroplated superhard grinding layer in the step 6) is 0.2-1 mm.
And 7) controlling the trimming amount of the electroplated single-layer super-hard abrasive in the step 7) to be within 20 percent of the grain diameter of the abrasive.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the superhard material grinding wheel with the composite structure and the manufacturing method thereof, the electroplated superhard grinding material area and the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area are arranged on the outer circle molded surface of the grinding wheel substrate, in the forming and grinding process, as the protruding height of the grinding material cutting edge of the electroplated superhard grinding material area above the bonding agent is higher, the grinding material is sharper, the chip accommodating space and the cooling space are sufficient, the grinding wheel is responsible for roughly grinding and removing most of single feed, and heat, grinding chips and time are taken away from the grinding area; the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is responsible for removing the residual small part of the single feeding amount by fine grinding, plays a role in profile modification and grinding surface roughness improvement, and ensures that the grinding size precision and the surface roughness are qualified;
(2) the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block only bears a few grinding processes, so that the abrasion degree is very small, the molded surface does not need to be trimmed again in the grinding process of the normal set service life of the grinding wheel, and the precision deviation of the first and the last parts in batch processing is controlled within 0.005 mm;
(3) the novel composite structure superhard material grinding wheel realizes qualified grinding precision of a coarse body and a fine body of a high-precision part, and the surface roughness of a workpiece can reach Ra0.4um;
(4) on one equipment, once clamping, utilize a emery wheel can realize big surplus thick, the fine grinding integrated processing, manufacturing cost practices thrift half, production efficiency improves about 2 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
The invention provides a superhard material grinding wheel with a composite structure and a manufacturing method thereof, as shown in figures 1 and 2.
The utility model provides a combined structure's superhard materials emery wheel, includes grinding wheel base member 1, interval is equipped with N section electroplating superhard grinding material district 2 on grinding wheel base member's 1 excircle profile, and all is equipped with ceramic superhard grinding material district 3 between the adjacent electroplating superhard grinding material district 2, and the excircle profile in ceramic superhard grinding material district 3 and electroplating superhard grinding material district 2 is laid for concentric constant diameter.
The N sections of electroplated superhard abrasive areas 2 are uniformly distributed at intervals.
The ratio of the arc length of the electroplating superhard grinding material area 2 to the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area 3 is 1-5: 1. in this example, the arc length of the electroplated superabrasive region 2: the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block region 3 is = 4: 1, and 12 ceramic superhard grinding wheel block areas are uniformly distributed on the excircle of the grinding wheel matrix.
A manufacturing method of a superhard material grinding wheel with a composite structure comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a grinding wheel matrix blank;
the grinding wheel base body is a 40Cr forged piece, the hardening and tempering hardness is HRC 26-30, and the defects of cracks and sand holes are avoided.
2) Grinding wheel base body semi-finish turning machine
Performing lathe rough turning on a grinding wheel matrix blank, grinding the thickness of the grinding wheel matrix blank by using a surface grinding machine to meet the size requirement, grinding an inner hole of an inner circle grinding machine to meet the size requirement, wherein the end jump requirement is less than or equal to 0.005mm, and the roughness requirement Ra is less than or equal to 0.8 um;
3) finish turning of grinding wheel matrix
The numerical control lathe is used for turning a mandrel on line, installing and pressing a grinding wheel base body, finely turning the profile of the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body, and finely turning a radial reference small step;
4) grinding wheel base milling groove
In the numerical control milling machine, a special fixture for alignment clamps clamp the grinding wheel base body, and N trapezoidal grooves are uniformly finish-milled on the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body.
5) Electroplating of superhard abrasives
Electroplating an electroplated superhard abrasive area on the outer circle profile of the grinding wheel substrate, wherein the embedding rate of the abrasive is controlled within the range of 45-50%;
6) cemented ceramic superhard grinding wheel block
Assembling the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block in the trapezoidal groove of the grinding wheel base body by using a special tool, wherein the outline of each part of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is larger than the outline of the electroplated superhard grinding layer, and the exceeding range is 0.2-1 mm; then coating viscose on the contact surface of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block, and putting the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block into an oven for bonding treatment;
7) integrated cylindrical abrasive layer dressing
On special trimming equipment, the radial reference on the grinding wheel matrix is aligned to be less than or equal to 0.001mm, the outline of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is trimmed to be qualified, then the integral trimming is continued until the electroplated abrasive layer area is formed, the trimming amount of the electroplated single-layer superhard abrasive is controlled within 20% of the grain size of the abrasive, and finally the outlines of the electroplated superhard abrasive area and the outline of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area are completely overlapped in the circumferential direction;
8) dynamic balance processing
And (5) performing dynamic balance on the grinding wheel to reach the G0.4 standard to obtain a finished grinding wheel.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "center", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the superhard grinding wheel with the composite structure is characterized in that the manufactured superhard grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body, N sections of electroplated superhard grinding material areas are arranged on the outer circle profile of the grinding wheel base body at intervals, ceramic superhard grinding wheel block areas are arranged between the adjacent electroplated superhard grinding material areas, and the outer circle profiles of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block areas and the electroplated superhard grinding material areas are concentrically arranged in an equal diameter mode; the ratio of the arc length of the electroplating superhard grinding material area to the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area is 1-5: 1;
a method of manufacture comprising the steps of:
1) selecting a grinding wheel matrix blank;
2) grinding wheel base body semi-finish turning machine
Performing lathe rough turning on a grinding wheel matrix blank, grinding the thickness of the grinding wheel matrix blank by using a surface grinding machine to meet the size requirement, grinding an inner hole of an inner circle grinding machine to meet the size requirement, wherein the end jump requirement is less than or equal to 0.005mm, and the roughness requirement Ra is less than or equal to 0.8 um;
3) finish turning of grinding wheel matrix
The numerical control lathe is used for turning a mandrel on line, installing and pressing a grinding wheel base body, finely turning the profile of the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body, and finely turning a radial reference small step;
4) grinding wheel base milling groove
Clamping a grinding wheel base body by using a special alignment fixture in a numerically controlled milling machine, and uniformly and finely milling N trapezoidal grooves on the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body;
5) electroplating of superhard abrasives
Electroplating an electroplated superhard abrasive area on the outer circle profile of the grinding wheel substrate, wherein the embedding rate of the abrasive is controlled within the range of 45-50%;
6) cemented ceramic superhard grinding wheel block
Assembling the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block in the trapezoidal groove of the grinding wheel base body by using a special tool, wherein the outlines of all the parts of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block are larger than the outline of the electroplated superhard grinding layer; then coating viscose on the contact surface of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block, and putting the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block into an oven for bonding treatment;
7) integrated cylindrical abrasive layer dressing
On special trimming equipment, the radial reference on the grinding wheel matrix is aligned to be less than or equal to 0.001mm, the outline of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block is trimmed to be qualified, then the integral trimming is continued until the electroplated abrasive layer area is formed, and finally the outlines of the electroplated superhard abrasive layer area and the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area are completely overlapped in the circumferential direction;
8) dynamic balance processing
And (5) performing dynamic balance on the grinding wheel to reach the G0.4 standard to obtain a finished grinding wheel.
2. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the N sections of electroplated superhard abrasive areas are uniformly distributed at intervals.
3. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arc length of the electroplating superhard grinding material area is that the arc length of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block area is = 4: 1.
4. a method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 12 ceramic superhard grinding wheel block areas are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the grinding wheel matrix.
5. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel base body is a 40Cr forged piece, the hardening and tempering hardness is HRC 26-30, and the defects of cracks and sand holes are avoided.
6. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 4) uniformly and finely milling 12 trapezoidal grooves on the outer circle of the grinding wheel base body in the step 4).
7. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the range of the outlines of all the parts of the ceramic superhard grinding wheel block exceeding the electroplated superhard grinding layer in the step 6) is 0.2-1 mm.
8. A method of manufacturing a composite construction superhard material grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 7) controlling the trimming amount of the electroplated single-layer super-hard abrasive in the step 7) to be within 20 percent of the grain diameter of the abrasive.
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| CN202011556364.XA CN112757175B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Superhard grinding wheel with composite structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202011556364.XA CN112757175B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Superhard grinding wheel with composite structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112757175B true CN112757175B (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201931360U (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2011-08-17 | 北京荣锋精密工具有限公司 | Coreless grinding wheel |
| JP2011161584A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-25 | Shingijutsu Kaihatsu Kk | Grinding tool |
| CN203426874U (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-02-12 | 上海鑫轮超硬磨具有限公司 | Resin binder and ceramic binder composite cubic boron nitride plane grinding wheel |
| CN103991040A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2014-08-20 | 郑州众邦超硬工具有限公司 | Method for machining engine valve molding CBN grinding wheel |
| CN107866756A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of micro groove structure multi-player super-hard abrasive material electroplating abrasion wheel and preparation method thereof in order |
-
2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011556364.XA patent/CN112757175B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011161584A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-25 | Shingijutsu Kaihatsu Kk | Grinding tool |
| CN201931360U (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2011-08-17 | 北京荣锋精密工具有限公司 | Coreless grinding wheel |
| CN203426874U (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-02-12 | 上海鑫轮超硬磨具有限公司 | Resin binder and ceramic binder composite cubic boron nitride plane grinding wheel |
| CN103991040A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2014-08-20 | 郑州众邦超硬工具有限公司 | Method for machining engine valve molding CBN grinding wheel |
| CN107866756A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of micro groove structure multi-player super-hard abrasive material electroplating abrasion wheel and preparation method thereof in order |
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| CN112757175A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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