CN112756666A - Multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling - Google Patents
Multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN112756666A CN112756666A CN202110074411.5A CN202110074411A CN112756666A CN 112756666 A CN112756666 A CN 112756666A CN 202110074411 A CN202110074411 A CN 202110074411A CN 112756666 A CN112756666 A CN 112756666A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metal cutting processing, in particular to a multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling processing, which comprises a spindle structure, a pressing structure fixed at the upper end of the spindle structure, a suspension structure for suspending the pressing structure and a tool changing assembly, wherein the pressing structure comprises a pressing support with a hollow interior and a sliding seat arranged in the pressing support, the sliding seat can move towards the direction far away from the tool changing assembly, a reset piece for pushing the sliding seat to be close to the tool changing assembly is arranged between the sliding seat and the pressing support, the sliding seat is provided with a suspension part matched with the suspension structure and a jacking part extending towards the tool changing assembly, one side of the pressing support towards the tool changing assembly is provided with a support opening for extending out of the jacking part, the support opening extends along the horizontal direction, and the upper part and the lower part of the support opening are wrapped by the pressing support; the tool changing assembly is used for enabling the hanging part to be disengaged from the hanging structure and driving the pressing structure to move along the vertical direction. The device realizes quick tool changing and the control of the tool through the rotation and the lifting of the tool changing assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal cutting machining, in particular to a multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling machining.
Background
A plurality of workpieces needing to be drilled with multiple holes exist in the field of machining, common medium and small enterprises usually use common drilling machines such as radial drilling machines and the like for machining, the workpieces are manually placed on a rotary table, then a dial indicator is used for correcting the circle center, the drilling jig is aligned after the drilling position is manually determined, and finally the radial drilling machine is started for drilling, so that the machining efficiency is low; if the diameters of the holes to be drilled on the workpiece are different, the tool needs to be manually and frequently changed, so that the working efficiency is reduced, and the machining precision can be reduced.
Aiming at the problems, a plurality of multi-spindle automatic drilling machines convenient for tool changing appear, for example, an intelligent three-dimensional multi-spindle single-action and linkage adjustable numerical control drilling and boring system disclosed in chinese patent application No. 201220668580.8, which comprises an upper fixed beam, a left support beam, a right support beam, an X/Y coordinate table, a general worktable, a workpiece clamping table, a Z-axis worktable, an elevator, a drilling and boring spindle and an intelligent control system, wherein the drilling and boring spindle is connected with a drill bit or a boring head, the intelligent control system is connected with a motor and a spindle motor, the upper fixed beam is provided with a motor, the motor is connected with one end of the elevator through a worm, the other end of the elevator is connected with the Z-axis worktable through a linear guide rail, the Z-axis worktable is provided with a spindle motor, and the spindle motor is connected with a plurality of drilling and boring spindles through belt transmission. The spindle motor in the patent is connected with a plurality of drilling and boring spindles through belt pulley transmission to realize automatic tool changing, but the drilling and boring of the spindle motor drives the whole Z-axis machining table to move downwards through a lifter, all the drilling and boring spindles on the Z-axis working table move downwards, only one of the drilling and boring spindles actually performs machining, and the other drilling and boring spindles move downwards to cause useless work, so that not only is energy consumption wasted, but also normal machining can be influenced; in addition, the tool changing of the patent is realized through a belt pulley transmission spindle motor, the position of the tool changing is required to be changed every time, the position precision can be influenced, and the connection obstacle between the tool changing and a drilling and boring spindle is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention makes improvement aiming at the technical problem, namely the technical scheme provided by the invention is a multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling, which comprises a spindle structure, a pressure structure fixed at the upper end of the spindle structure, a suspension structure for suspending the pressure structure and a tool changing assembly; the pressing structure comprises a pressing support with a hollow inner part and a sliding seat arranged in the pressing support, the sliding seat can move towards the direction far away from the tool changing assembly, a reset piece used for pushing the sliding seat to be close to the tool changing assembly is arranged between the sliding seat and the pressing support, the sliding seat is provided with a hanging part matched with the hanging structure and a jacking part extending towards the tool changing assembly, one side of the pressing support, facing the tool changing assembly, is provided with a support opening for the jacking part to extend out, the support opening extends along the horizontal direction, and the upper part and the lower part of the support opening are both wrapped by the pressing support; the tool changing assembly is used for enabling the hanging part to be disengaged from the hanging structure and driving the pressing structure to move along the vertical direction.
Preferably, the tool changing assembly comprises a rotary pressure plate and an arc boss arranged on the periphery of the rotary pressure plate, the arc boss can horizontally enter the opening of the support along with the rotation of the rotary pressure plate and push the sliding seat to move by pressing the jacking portion, so that the suspension portion is disengaged from the suspension structure.
Preferably, the suspension structure comprises a hanging rod extending in the vertical direction, the lower end of the hanging rod extends into the pressing support, and the lower end of the hanging rod is in plug-in fit with the suspension part in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, a platen gear is fixed to the rotary platen coaxially with the rotary platen.
Preferably, the tool changer further comprises a lifting assembly for driving the tool changing assembly to move in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the spindle structure includes a hollow spindle sleeve and a spindle rotatably mounted therein.
Preferably, a spindle gear coaxial with the spindle is fixed to an upper portion of the spindle, and a spindle opening through which the spindle gear extends is formed in a portion of the spindle sleeve corresponding to the spindle gear.
Preferably, the cutter changing assembly further comprises a driven transmission gear which is positioned below the cutter changing assembly and is used for being meshed with the spindle gear.
Preferably, the tool changing assembly further comprises a gear guide piece arranged on the lower end face of the rotary pressure plate and adjacent to the arc boss in the radial direction of the rotary pressure plate, the gear guide piece comprises a guide plate extending in the vertical direction and a positioning rod fixed at the lower end of the guide plate, the guide plate is projected in the range of the upper end face of the driven transmission gear in the vertical direction and can move in the vertical direction, and the positioning rod extends towards the outer side of the outer periphery of the rotary pressure plate.
Preferably, the tool changer further comprises a transmission structure, the transmission structure comprises a driving motor and a transmission rod connected with the driving motor, and the transmission rod is provided with a reversing gear for providing power for the tool changing assembly and a driving gear for providing power for the main shaft structure.
Has the advantages that:
1) the spindle structure is hung on the rack, and only one used spindle structure is driven by the tool changing assembly to move downwards to a machining area, so that the influence of other spindle structures on machining is effectively avoided;
2) the spindle structures are arranged around the rotary pressure plate in a circumferential array by taking the axis of the rotary pressure plate as the center, so that the rotary pressure plate can be matched with different pressure-moving structures by the arc bosses fixed on the periphery of the rotary pressure plate only through rotation, the tool changing efficiency is greatly improved, the space occupied by the whole device is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced;
3) the design that the middle of the arc boss is thick and the two sides of the arc boss are thin ensures that the arc surface of the arc boss is smoothly matched and contacted with the top pressing part of the sliding seat, and the top pressing part is gradually extruded, so that the extrusion process is smooth and the clamping is prevented;
4) the rotary pressure plate is preferably in a disc shape, so that the rotation of the rotary pressure plate is more stable, the bumping is avoided, and the influence on tool changing caused by the contact of the rotary pressure plate with the main shaft structure and the pressing structure is effectively avoided;
5) the hanging part is matched with the hanging rod in a splicing way along the horizontal direction, and the hanging part can be quickly matched with or separated from the hanging rod only by driving the hanging part to move in the horizontal direction by the sliding seat, so that the tool changing efficiency is improved;
6) a pressure plate gear coaxial with the rotary pressure plate is fixed on the rotary pressure plate, and a motor driving gear system provides power for the rotation of the rotary pressure plate, so that the structure is compact, the work is reliable, the service life is long, the transmission is accurate, the efficiency is high, and the tool changing precision and efficiency are ensured;
7) the lifting assembly is in screw transmission and also comprises a guide rod for guiding the lifting disc, and a screw rod sliding barrel extending along the vertical direction is arranged at the central part of the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the lifting disc, so that the position precision of the rotary pressure plate in the horizontal direction is not influenced when the lifting assembly drives the rotary pressure plate to lift, and the drilling machining precision is ensured;
8) the driven transmission gears are arranged below the rotary pressure plate and are coaxial with the rotary pressure plate, so that the plurality of spindle structures are also arranged in a circumferential array by taking the axis of the driven transmission gears as the center, the driven transmission gears can be meshed with the spindle gears in each spindle structure, the position layout of the spindle structures is fully utilized, and a large amount of cost is saved;
9) the gear guide piece limits the rotation of the main shaft gear, ensures that the main shaft gear can be smoothly meshed with the driven transmission gear after moving downwards, does not need additional adjustment, and improves the tool changing efficiency;
10) the reversing gear meshed with the pressure plate gear and the driving gear meshed with the driven transmission gear are arranged on the transmission rod, so that the transmission rod can provide power for the pressure plate gear and can also improve power for the driven transmission gear, and energy is saved;
11) the connection between the transmission rod and the driving motor is preferably belt wheel transmission, impact and vibration load can be relieved in the drilling process, other parts can be prevented from being damaged by slipping during overload, and the belt wheel transmission is stable in operation and free of noise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the tool changing assembly engaged within a pressing structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the positional relationship of the tool changing assembly, the pressing structure, the spindle structure, the suspension structure, and the lifting assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation positions of the arc boss and the gear pilot member on the rotary platen;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of FIG. 2 with the driven drive gear added;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the transmission rod;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the entire structure of the tool changer with the pressing bracket and a part of the frame omitted;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a multi-spindle tool changer for drilling;
in the figure: 1. the tool changing device comprises a frame, 2, a spindle structure, 3, a pressing structure, 4, a hanging structure, 5, a tool changing assembly, 6, a lifting assembly, 7, a driven transmission gear, 8, a transmission structure, 22, a spindle sleeve, 23, a spindle gear, 24, a spindle opening, 31, a pressing support, 32, a sliding seat, 33, a reset piece, 34, a hanging part, 35, a jacking part, 36, a support opening, 41, a hanging rod, 51, a rotary pressure plate, 52, an arc boss, 53, a pressure plate gear, 54, a gear guide piece, 541, a guide plate, 542, a positioning rod, 61, a lead screw, 62, a lifting plate, 63, a lead screw sliding barrel, 64, a guide rod, 81, a driving motor, 82, a transmission rod, 83, a reversing gear, 84, a driving gear, 85 and a transmission belt wheel.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made in the examples without inventive faculty, and yet still be protected by the scope of the claims.
Fig. 7 shows that a plurality of spindle structures 2 in the multi-spindle tool changer for drilling are used for installing tools, a pressing structure 3 for driving the spindle structures 2 to move is fixed at the upper ends of the spindle structures 2, and the device controls the spindle structures 2 through the cooperation of the tool changing assembly 5 and the pressing structure 3, so that the tool changing assembly 5 and the pressing structures 3 fixed on different spindle structures 2 are alternately matched to realize the tool changing function of the device. Because the device is mainly used in the drilling field, and the cutter reciprocates along the vertical direction in the drilling under the normal condition, consequently main shaft structure 2 in the device hangs and removes along the vertical direction, and of course in the in-service use can also put the device to one side or invert etc. for adapting to different drilling directions, at this moment main shaft structure 2 no longer hangs and removes along the vertical direction, but for the convenient clarity of expression in this description, acquiesces for main shaft structure and hangs and removes along the vertical direction.
The invention relates to a multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling, which comprises a spindle structure 2, a pressing structure 3, a suspension structure 4 and a tool changing assembly 5, wherein the pressing structure 3 is fixed at the upper end of the spindle structure 2, and the suspension structure 4 is used for suspending the pressing structure 3. Fig. 1 and 2 show that the pressing structure 3 includes a pressing support 31 with a hollow inside and a sliding seat 32 installed inside the pressing support 31, the sliding seat 32 can move towards a direction away from the tool changer 5 and a reset piece 33 for pushing the tool changer to be close to the tool changer 5 is installed between the sliding seat 32 and the pressing support 31, the sliding seat 32 has a hanging part 34 for being matched with the hanging structure 4 and a pressing part 35 extending towards the tool changer 5, the pressing support 31 faces towards one side of the tool changer 5 and has a support opening 36 for the pressing part 35 to extend out, the support opening 36 extends along the horizontal direction and is wrapped by the pressing support 31 above and below the support opening 36. In an initial state, the sliding seat 32 is matched with the hanging structure 4 through the hanging part 34 to enable the pressing structure 3 to be hung on the hanging structure 4, so that the whole main shaft structure 2 is also in a hanging state, when tool changing is needed, the tool changing assembly 5 enters the support opening 36 and extrudes the pressing part 35 on the sliding seat 32 to push the sliding seat 32 in a direction away from the tool changing assembly 5, the hanging part 34 on the sliding seat 32 is separated from the hanging structure 4, and the pressing structure 3 becomes hung on the tool changing assembly 5. Because support opening 36's top and below are all by pressure moves support 31 parcel, so enter into the top and the below of toolchanger 5 in support opening 36 and also by pressure moves support 31 parcel, as long as toolchanger 5 moves along vertical direction, alright in order to promote to press and move support 31 and move along vertical direction to drive main shaft structure 2 and move along vertical direction. When drilling is needed, the tool changing assembly 5 drives the main shaft structure 2 to move downwards so that the main shaft provided with the tool comes to a working area, and the main shaft drives the tool to drill; when the tool needs to be changed again, the tool changing assembly 5 drives the main shaft structure 2 to move upwards to return to the initial position, the tool changing assembly 5 is separated from the pressing bracket 31 on the main shaft structure 2, and the sliding seat 32 in the pressing bracket 31 returns to the original position under the action of the resetting piece 33 to be matched with the suspension structure 4, so that the main shaft structure 2 returns to the suspension state. In this embodiment, the restoring member 33 is preferably a compression spring. In the above embodiment, the bracket opening 36 is arranged in the middle of the pressing bracket 31 facing to the tool changing assembly 5, so that the upper and lower parts of the bracket opening 36 are both wrapped by the pressing bracket 31, and conditions are provided for the tool changing assembly 5 to drive the pressing structure 3; in another embodiment, the support opening 36 is arranged at the lower part of the pressing support 31 facing to the tool changing assembly 5, the pressing support 31 is arranged above the support opening 36, and the spindle structure 2 is arranged below the support opening 36, which can also satisfy the pushing action of the tool changing assembly 5 on the pressing support 31 and the spindle structure 2.
The apparatus requires a plurality of spindles for mounting tools, so that each spindle arrangement 2 comprises a spindle and is fixedly connected to a pressure-actuated arrangement 3, and a tool changing assembly 5 is required to cooperate with different pressure-actuated arrangements 3 for tool changing. In this embodiment, there are at least two spindle structures 2, the position layout of the spindle structures 2 determines the movement form of the tool changing assembly 5, if the spindle structures 2 are randomly arranged, a moving path needs to be set for the tool changing assembly 5, and the path needs to pass by each spindle structure 2, so as to meet the matching between the tool changing assembly 5 and the pressing structure 3 fixed on any one spindle structure 2, which is not only low in efficiency, but also needs to occupy a large amount of space, and increases the cost. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the tool changing assembly 5 includes a rotary platen 51 and an arc boss 52 disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the rotary platen 51, the rotary platen 51 is disposed horizontally and can rotate around its axis, correspondingly, the spindle structures 2 are arranged in a circumferential array with the axis of the rotary platen 51 as a center, and the holder openings 36 of the pressing structures 3 fixed on each spindle structure 2 face the rotary platen 51, and the rotation of the rotary platen 51 can drive the arc boss 52 to enter the holder opening 36 to press the pressing portion 35 of the sliding seat 32. The arrangement mode not only occupies small space, but also has extremely high tool changing efficiency. In this embodiment, the pressing portion 35 is preferably a pin fixed on the sliding seat 32, which has good impact resistance and is commonly used for transmitting power. In this embodiment, the arc surface of the arc boss 52, which is used for contacting the pushing portion 35, forms a radian along the horizontal direction, and the arc boss 52 has a thick middle part and thin two sides, wherein the two sides are thin, so that the pushing portion 35 of the sliding seat 32 directly contacts the arc surface of the arc boss 52 after the arc boss 52 enters the support opening 36, and along with the continuous rotation of the rotary platen 51, the pushing portion 35 moves from the thin area contacting the arc boss 52 to the thick area contacting, so that the sliding seat 32 is gradually pushed in the direction away from the rotary platen 51, and finally the suspension portion 34 thereon is disengaged from the suspension structure 4, and the whole pressing support 3 is supported by the arc boss 52. Of course, the embodiment defaults that the frame 1 for mounting the tool changer 5 is arranged below the tool changer, and the frame 1 is provided with a through hole for the spindle structure 2 to penetrate through in the vertical direction, and the through hole also plays a role in limiting and fixing the spindle structure 2. In addition, the rotary pressure plate 51 is preferably in a disc shape in the embodiment, so that the rotation of the rotary pressure plate 51 is more stable, jolting is avoided, and the influence on tool changing caused by the contact between the rotary pressure plate 51 and the main shaft structure 2 and the pressing structure 3 is effectively avoided.
The movement of the sliding seat 32 in the horizontal direction disengages the hanging portion 34 thereon from the hanging structure 4, so the preferred engagement between the hanging portion 34 and the hanging structure 1 in this embodiment is a plug-in engagement in the horizontal direction. Because the sliding seat 32 and the hanging part 34 thereon are both located inside the pressing bracket 31, the hanging structure 4 includes a hanging rod 41 extending along the vertical direction and having a lower end extending into the pressing bracket 31, correspondingly, a through hole for the hanging rod 41 to extend into is provided on the pressing bracket 31, when the pressing structure 3 moves downwards, the lower end of the hanging rod 41 leaves the pressing bracket 31 through the through hole, and the hanging rod 41 is fixed on the rack 1. The lower end of the hanging rod 41 is in plug fit with the hanging part 34 along the horizontal direction, one is that the lower end of the hanging rod 41 is a groove, and the hanging part 34 is a boss which can be matched with the groove; one is that the lower end of the hanging rod 41 is a boss, and the hanging part 34 is a groove which is arranged on the sliding seat 32 and can be matched with the boss.
In the embodiment, the motor-driven gear system preferably provides power for the rotation of the rotary pressure plate 51, and the rotary pressure plate 51 has the advantages of accurate transmission, high efficiency, compact structure, reliable operation and long service life, so that the pressure plate gear 53 coaxial with the rotary pressure plate 51 is fixed on the rotary pressure plate 51. And the gyration platen 51 is then by lifting unit 6 power along the removal of vertical direction, and preferably lifting unit 6 adopts screw drive in this embodiment, promptly lifting unit 6 includes lead screw 61 and lifting disk 62, lead screw 61 is vertical form and fixes on frame 1, lifting disk 62 is horizontal form and rotates to be installed on gyration platen 51 and with gyration platen 51 is coaxial, the center of lifting disk 62 with lead screw 61 screw-thread fit. In order to ensure the stability of the threaded fit between the lifting disc 62 and the lead screw 61, a lead screw sliding cylinder 63 extending in the vertical direction is arranged at the central part of the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the lifting disc 62, and the inner ring of the lead screw sliding cylinder 63 is in threaded fit with the lead screw 61. Further improve, lifting unit 6 still includes guide rod 64 that is used for guiding lift dish 62, guide rod 64 extends and fixes on frame 1 along vertical direction, does not influence the position precision of gyration pressure disk 51 on the horizontal direction when guaranteeing that lifting unit 6 drives gyration pressure disk 51 to go up and down to guarantee the precision of drilling processing. When the arc boss 52 on the rotary pressure plate 51 is matched with a certain pressing structure 3, the motor drives the screw 61 to rotate, the lifting plate 62 moves downwards along the screw 61 to drive the rotary pressure plate 51 to move downwards, and the arc boss 52 on the rotary pressure plate 51 drives the main shaft structure 2 to move downwards to a drilling area; when tool changing is needed, the motor drives the screw 61 to rotate reversely, the lifting disc 62 moves upwards along the screw 61 to drive the rotary pressure disc 51 to move upwards, and the arc boss 52 on the rotary pressure disc 51 drives the spindle structure 2 to move upwards to return to the initial suspension position.
The main shaft structure 2 in the multi-main shaft tool changer for drilling processing can drive a tool to rotate, as shown in fig. 4, the main shaft structure 2 comprises a main shaft sleeve 22 with a hollow interior and a main shaft rotatably installed in the main shaft sleeve, and the main shaft is driven by a main shaft gear 23 fixed at the upper end of the main shaft in the embodiment. The rotation of the spindle gear 23 needs to be driven by a motor, so that a spindle opening 24 is formed in a part of the spindle sleeve 22 corresponding to the spindle gear 23, and the spindle gear 23 can extend out of the spindle opening 24 to be connected with the motor. The spindle gear 23 and the motor need other gears for transmission meshing, the whole spindle structure 2 moves downwards before the spindle works, and the spindle gear 23 also moves to the lower part, so that the driven transmission gear 7 meshed with the spindle gear 23 is arranged below the tool changing assembly 5 and is coaxial with the rotary pressure plate, the position height of the driven transmission gear 7 is consistent with the position height of the spindle gear 23 when the spindle structure 2 reaches the processing position, and the spindle gear 23 is directly meshed with the driven transmission gear 7 after the spindle structure 2 moves to the processing position. However, the above-mentioned meshing process has a possibility of a meshing failure because the projection of the gear teeth in the main shaft gear 23 in the vertical direction is not necessarily projected into the tooth grooves of the driven transmission gear 7, which may cause the meshing failure of the main shaft gear 23 and the driven transmission gear 7. In order to solve the above problem, the present embodiment further improves that a gear guide 54 is provided on a lower end surface of the rotary platen 51, the gear guide 54 is adjacent to the circular arc boss 52 in a radial direction of the rotary platen 51, the gear guide 54 includes a guide plate 541 extending in a vertical direction and a positioning rod 542 fixed to a lower end of the guide plate 541, the guide plate 541 is projected in a range of an upper end surface of the driven transmission gear 7 in the vertical direction and is movable in the vertical direction, and the positioning rod 542 extends toward an outer side of an outer peripheral portion of the rotary platen 51. In the process that the rotary pressure plate 51 drives the arc boss 52 to enter the bracket opening 36 through rotation, the gear guide piece 54 is also driven to a position close to the spindle gear 23, the positioning rod 542 on the gear guide piece 54 points to the spindle gear 23 and pushes a certain gear tooth, when the rotary pressure plate 51 stops rotating, the positioning rod 542 already penetrates into a certain gear groove of the spindle gear 23, so that the rotation of the spindle gear 23 is limited, and the gear tooth of the spindle gear 23 is projected in the gear groove of the driven transmission gear 7 along the vertical direction. Subsequently, in the process that the rotary platen 51 drives the spindle structure 2 to move downwards, the lower end of the guiding plate 541 contacts with the upper end face of the driven transmission gear 7, and along with the continuous downward movement of the rotary platen 51, the guiding plate 541 is pushed upwards by the driven transmission gear 7, so that the positioning rod 542 also moves upwards to be separated from the spindle gear 23, and the spindle gear continues to move downwards to be meshed with the driven transmission gear 7.
Fig. 6 shows that the tool changer further comprises a transmission structure 8 for powering the tool changer assembly 5 and the driven transmission gear 7, comprising a driving motor 81 and a transmission rod 82, and in this embodiment, for cost saving, a reversing gear 83 for meshing with the platen gear 53 and a driving gear 84 for meshing with the driven transmission gear 7 are both arranged on the transmission rod 82, and are both coaxial 82 with the transmission rod. In order to adapt to the positions of the pressure plate gear 53 and the driven transmission gear 7, the transmission rod 82 is vertically and rotatably installed on the frame 1, the reversing gear 83 is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the transmission rod 82 and at the position with the same height as the pressure plate gear 53, the driving gear 84 is fixedly installed on the lower portion of the transmission rod 82 and at the position with the same height as the driven transmission gear 7, the driving gear 84 always keeps a meshing state with the driven transmission gear 7, and the pressure plate gear 51 keeps a meshing state with the reversing gear 83 when being at an initial position. The connection between the transmission rod 82 and the driving motor 81 is preferably a belt wheel transmission, so that impact and vibration loads can be relieved in the drilling process, other parts can be prevented from being damaged by slipping in overload, and the belt wheel transmission runs smoothly and is noiseless, so that the transmission rod 82 is also provided with a transmission belt wheel 85 for being in belt transmission with a motor spindle.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining is characterized by comprising a spindle structure (2), a pressing structure (3) fixed at the upper end of the spindle structure (2), a suspension structure (4) for suspending the pressing structure (3) and a tool changing assembly (5); the pressing structure (3) comprises a pressing support (31) with a hollow interior and a sliding seat (32) arranged inside the pressing support (31), the sliding seat (32) can move towards the direction far away from the tool changing assembly (5), a reset piece (33) used for pushing the sliding seat to be close to the tool changing assembly (5) is arranged between the sliding seat (32) and the pressing support (31), the sliding seat (32) is provided with a hanging part (34) used for being matched with the hanging structure (4) and a pressing part (35) extending towards the tool changing assembly (5), one side, facing the tool changing assembly (5), of the pressing support (31) is provided with a support opening (36) for the pressing part (35) to extend out, the support opening (36) extends along the horizontal direction, and the upper part and the lower part of the support opening are wrapped by the pressing support (31); the tool changing assembly (5) is used for enabling the hanging part (34) to be disengaged from the hanging structure (4) and driving the pressing structure (3) to move along the vertical direction.
2. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool changing assembly (5) comprises a rotary pressure plate (51) and a circular arc boss (52) arranged on the outer periphery of the rotary pressure plate (51), wherein the circular arc boss (52) can enter the bracket opening (36) along the horizontal direction along with the rotation of the rotary pressure plate (51) and push the sliding seat (32) to move by pressing the pressing part (35) so that the hanging part (34) is disengaged from the hanging structure (4).
3. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 2, characterized in that the suspension structure (4) comprises a hanging rod (41) extending in the vertical direction and having a lower end extending into the interior of the pressure bracket (31), and the lower end of the hanging rod (41) is in plug-in fit with the suspension part (34) in the horizontal direction.
4. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 2, characterized in that a pressure plate gear (53) coaxial with the rotary pressure plate (51) is fixed to the rotary pressure plate.
5. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a lifting assembly (6) for driving the tool changing assembly (5) to move in a vertical direction.
6. A multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 2, characterized in that the spindle arrangement (2) comprises a hollow spindle sleeve (22) and a spindle rotatably mounted therein.
7. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling according to claim 6, wherein a spindle gear (23) coaxial with the spindle is fixed on the upper part of the spindle, and a spindle opening (24) for the spindle gear (23) to extend out is formed on the spindle sleeve (22) corresponding to the spindle gear (23).
8. A multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 7, characterized by a driven drive gear (7) below the tool changing assembly (5) for meshing with the spindle gear (23).
9. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 8, wherein the tool changing assembly (5) further comprises a gear guide (54) disposed on a lower end surface of the rotary pressure plate (51) and adjacent to the circular arc boss (52) in a radial direction of the rotary pressure plate (51), the gear guide (54) comprises a guide plate (541) extending in a vertical direction and a positioning rod (542) fixed to a lower end of the guide plate (541), the guide plate is projected in a range of an upper end surface of the driven transmission gear (7) in the vertical direction (541) and is movable in the vertical direction, and the positioning rod (542) extends toward an outer side of an outer peripheral portion of the rotary pressure plate (51).
10. The multi-spindle tool changer for drilling machining according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a transmission structure (8), wherein the transmission structure (8) comprises a driving motor (81) and a transmission rod (82) connected with the driving motor (81), and the transmission rod (82) is provided with a reversing gear (83) for providing power for the tool changing assembly (5) and a driving gear (84) for providing power for the spindle structure (2).
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| CN202110074411.5A CN112756666A (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling |
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| CN202110074411.5A CN112756666A (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Multi-spindle tool changing device for drilling |
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| CN112756666A true CN112756666A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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