CN112753641B - 一种海马鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种海马鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法,养殖方法包括养水、种藻、养殖海马和采收环节。该方法所使用的系统包括系统架、底滤缸和养殖缸。养殖缸在系统架上层,底滤缸设置在系统架的最底层;所述的养殖缸在缸底部一角位置钻管中管上下水套管,细管为上水管,粗管为排水管,排水管道并联起来连接至底滤缸;所述的水泵将处理后的水泵入到养殖缸;采用此系统不仅可以满足海马养殖所需的水质环境,还可以克服季节因素、地域因素实现海马的全年不间断生长。其不但保证了养殖对象的食品卫生安全,而且可以提高单位养殖水体生产能力3‑5倍。符合当前国家循环经济、节能减排、转变经济增长方式的战略需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种海马鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法。
背景技术
海马是一种可以直立游泳的特殊的鱼类,具有极高的经济价值,海马也是一种重要的海洋生物药源,民谚“北方人参,南方海马”,也表明了海马有重要的药用价值,具有安神镇静、健体强身、活络舒筋、补肾壮阳、消肿止痛、止咳平喘等功效。从海马中得到的提取物具有激素样作用、抗衰老作用、抗疲劳作用、抗肿瘤作用及补肾壮阳作用等药用价值,海马一度作为药材被过度捕捞。随着海草、珊瑚礁、红树林的衰减和退化,以及河流入海口附近的环境污染,造成了海马生存环境的恶化。再加上目前的捕鱼工具缺少选择性,海马易作为渔业的副渔获物而被捕捞,这些都直接影响了海马的种群数量。导致现在海马的很多种类已被世界自然保护联盟列为濒危物种。目前,海马在我国养殖区域甚广,北至河北、天津、山东,南至浙江、福建、广东等地,几乎在我国整个海岸线上都有养殖的踪迹。海马的养殖品种主要有三斑海马、大海马、刺海马、鲍氏海马、克氏海马、日本海马和从美国引进的线纹海马。其中线纹海马以较强的抗病能力和生长速度等优势已成为主流的养殖海马品种。
海洋观赏藻类(葡萄藻、杉叶蕨藻、羽毛藻、鹿角藻、红葡萄藻、红千层、火焰藻等)是目前水族市场上畅销的一些高档藻类,其不仅可以在海水水族箱中呈现出较好的景观,而且作为具有高效净水能力(有效去除氨氮)的高等藻类,其在循环水养殖系统中可以部分替代生物滤池,起到生态净化的作用,具有良好的应用前景;同时部分种类作为功效显著的保健食材,其作为高档生鱼片的配菜在市场上不可或缺,一“藻”难求,市场价格居高不下。
循环水养殖是水产养殖诸多模式中工业化程度最高的一种生产模式,它通过建立污水处理设施,使养殖污水经过适当处理,又回到养殖水池中,循环使用。它与流水型养殖模式相比,可节水90%以上,节地高达99%,是未来水产养殖的发展方向。循环水养殖模式能减少养殖过程中对周边水环境依赖,对水产养殖业健康和可持续发展具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种海马与海洋观赏藻类鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法,从而弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明提供一种海马鱼菜共生循环养殖方法,所述的方法包括如下的步骤:
1)养水:
在共生循环系统中注入新鲜消毒的盐度为28~32的海水,开启水泵与蛋白分离器,打开浮性滤材仓中的曝气盘,控制水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,不间断循环后,往浮性滤材仓和沉性滤材仓中接种净化菌株和营养液来培养生物膜,至水体中NH4 +-N浓度<1.0mg/L,NO2 --N<0.1mg/L完成养水阶段;
所述的净化菌株为硝化杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的混合菌株,其一种具体比例为1:2比例混合液;
所述的营养液为添加了黏土和沸石粉的NH4 +-N溶液;
所述的NH4 +-N溶液为40mg/l的氯化铵溶液;
2)种藻:将陶瓷环清洗消毒,环孔朝上均匀的平铺在养殖缸内;另取陶瓷环,将藻类的须根或匍匐茎穿过陶瓷环;将附着藻体的陶瓷环均匀铺设在养殖缸内平铺的陶瓷环之间进行养藻;
所述的藻类种植密度为25~35g/m2;水质指标为:水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lxs。
所述的藻类,为葡萄藻、杉叶蕨藻、羽毛藻、鹿角藻、红葡萄藻、红千层或火焰藻;
3)养殖海马:选取5-6cm健康活力好的海马幼体投入养殖缸中,海马养殖密度为30~40g/m2,养殖期间水温26~28℃,盐度28~32,溶氧5mg/l以上,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lxs,每日光照时间8~10hs;
养殖期间选择添加藻类营养液;投喂糠虾,并每周投喂一次或几次抗菌肽溶液浸泡的糠虾;所述的抗菌肽为氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的抗菌肽;
所述的藻类营养液为3种混合溶液,其中溶液1主要为N、P、K基本元素,溶液2为Fe盐及微量元素,溶液3为VB1、VB12和VH维生素混合液,
进一步的,溶液1为NaNO3 70g,NaH2PO4 5g,KNO3,5g,溶于1升水中制备的;
进一步的,溶液2为FeCl3,3.15g,Na2EDTA,4.36g,ZnSO4,0.022g,CoCl2,0.01g;MnCl2,0.018g;CuSO4,0.01g,Na2MoO4,0.006g,溶于1升水中制备的;
进一步的,溶液3为VB1,0.0001g;VB12,0.002g;VH 0.02g,溶于1升水中制备的;
更进一步的,本发明方法所使用的海马鱼菜共生循环水系统,包括系统架、底滤缸和养殖缸。系统架对系统起到固定支撑作用,养殖缸在系统架上层,底滤缸设置在系统架的最底层;
所述的养殖缸缸底部一角钻眼设置管中管上下水套管,上水为细管上水管,下水为粗管排水管,排水管道连接底滤缸;
所述的底滤缸设置有净化过滤系统和循环水泵,循环水泵将处理后的水通过上水管泵入到养殖缸;
进一步的所述的系统架是用型材、不锈钢材质或木质材料做的缸体支架,支架底部四角配置万向轮或可调地脚;
进一步的所述养殖缸材质为玻璃材质;所述的底滤缸,玻璃材质;
进一步的所述的底滤缸使用隔板设置为沉淀仓、蛋分仓、浮性滤材仓、沉性滤材仓和泵仓5个仓室格,隔板为双层错位玻璃;
进一步的所述养殖缸和底滤缸各仓室(泵仓除外)底部钻眼设置强排,养殖缸和底滤缸的强排通过PVC管连接在一起,直接连通排污管,形成强排管路;
进一步的所述的底滤缸左侧沉淀仓上架设镂空塑料筐,框内铺设过滤棉作初级过滤,蛋分仓内设置蛋白分离器,作次级过滤,浮式滤材仓内底层铺设曝气盘,放置塑料多孔薄片滤材,作三级过滤,滤材仓内放置陶瓷环,培植硝化菌群,作四级过滤,泵仓内设置水泵,水泵将净化后的水通过上水管泵入养殖缸,养殖缸上水管路均设置阀门调节水流和水压;
进一步的说,底滤缸分格时调节隔板的高度,使水位高度沉淀仓>蛋分仓>浮性滤材仓>沉性滤材仓>泵仓;
进一步的说,所述的养殖缸内底层均匀铺设一层中空透孔的陶瓷环,供海洋观赏藻类攀附。
本发明针对的养殖对象是海马和海洋观赏藻类,海洋观赏藻类的须根和匍匐茎攀附在养殖缸底层的陶瓷环上,直立茎挺直生长,供海马攀附。本发明方法充分利用了海马和海洋观赏藻类的生态特点,有效实现了立体混合养殖,增加了养殖经济效益;同时海马的残饵与粪便被藻类作为营养有效吸收,提供了水质净化,使养殖水体的物质和能量处于一种动态的平衡状态。本发明同时提供了人工配置海水来养殖海马和海洋观赏藻类的方法,有效地拓展了海马和海洋观赏藻类的养殖空间,是海马和海洋观赏藻类的一种灵活有效的养殖方式补充。
附图说明
图1:海马鱼菜共生循环水系统结构图;
图2:海马鱼菜共生循环水系统养殖缸的结构图;
图3:海马鱼菜共生循环水系统底滤缸的结构图;
附图中:1.系统架;2.养殖缸2.1.强排2.2.管中管2.3.排水管;3.底滤缸3.1.沉淀仓、3.2.蛋分仓、3.3.浮性滤材仓、3.4.沉性滤材仓、3.5.泵仓;4.水泵;5.上水管6.阀门.7.排污管8.隔板
具体实施方式
传统海马和藻类的养殖在水泥育苗池或栽培池中进行,受制于季节因素、地域因素,食品卫生安全上也较易受到水源和养殖环境的限制。申请人在充分考虑养殖对象的生态习性和养殖需求条件的基础上,充分利用循环水养殖模式的优势,构建了本发明关键水质过滤环节和养殖对象立体混合养殖模式。有力地拓展了养殖对象的养殖空间,实现了海马与海洋观赏藻类“鱼菜共生”式稳定高效健康养殖。
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。
实施例1
本发明提供一种海马鱼菜共生循环水系统,包括系统架1、底滤缸2和养殖缸3。系统架1对系统起到固定支撑作用,养殖缸2在系统架1上层,底滤缸3设置在系统架的最底层;
优选的所述的系统架1是用型材、不锈钢材质或木质材料做的缸体支架;
优选的所述的系统架长度250cm,宽度60cm,高度175cm,分为三层,层高分别为65cm、55cm、55cm;
优选的所述的养殖缸2,材质为玻璃材质;设置在系统的第二层和第三层,分别为两个同等规格的养殖缸2,玻璃材质,玻璃厚度10mm,长度120cm,宽度60cm,高度35cm;
所述的养殖缸2缸底部钻眼设置管中管2.2上下水通路,排水管2.3连接底滤缸3;
所述的底滤缸3设置有净化过滤系统和循环水泵,循环水泵将处理后的水通过上水管5泵入到养殖缸2;
优选的所述的养殖缸2在距离缸壁背侧左上角10cm处钻眼设置管中管2.2上下水通路,外管尺寸50cm,内管尺寸25cm;
优选的所述的养殖缸2缸底中心位置设置强排2.1,钻眼尺寸25cm,4个养殖缸2的强排2.1通过PVC管连接在一起,直接通连排污管7,形成强排管路;
优选的所述的底滤缸3设置沉淀仓3.1、蛋分仓3.2、浮性滤材仓3.3、沉性滤材仓3.4和泵仓3.5共5个仓室格;
优选的所述的底滤缸3,玻璃材质,玻璃厚度10mm,长度250cm,宽度50cm,高度40cm;
优选的所述的底滤缸3左侧沉淀仓3.1上架设镂空塑料筐,框内铺设过滤棉作初级过滤,蛋分仓3.2内设置蛋白分离器,作次级过滤,浮性滤材仓3.3.内底层铺设曝气盘,放置塑料薄片滤材,作三级过滤,沉性滤材仓3.4内放置陶瓷环,培植硝化菌群,作四级过滤,泵仓3.5内设置水泵4,水泵4将净化后的水通过上水管5泵入养殖缸,养殖缸上水管路均设置阀门6调节水流和水压;
优选的所述的底滤缸沉淀仓内设置紫外线杀菌灯、控温系统;紫外线杀菌灯波长为240-260nm,控温系统调节水温为22-26℃;
优选的所述的底滤缸分格时调节隔板的高度,使水位高度沉淀仓3.1>蛋分仓3.2>浮性滤材仓3.3>沉性滤材仓3.4>泵仓3.5;
优选的隔板8为双层错位玻璃隔板;
优选的所述的所有养殖缸2内底层均匀铺设一层中空透孔的陶瓷环,供海洋观赏藻类攀附;
优选的所述的养殖缸上设置LED生物光源,光照强度3000-5000lx,灯珠选择蓝色和红色光源;光源设置自动定时,开启时间为每日9:00-17:00。
实施例2:
本发明提供海马鱼菜共生循环水系统及养殖方法,包括养水、种藻、投鱼管理和采收等环节。具体步骤如下:
1、养水:利用实施例1所提供的系统,注入新鲜消毒的海水,开启水泵与蛋白分离器,打开浮性滤材仓中的曝气盘,控制水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,不间断循环3天后,往浮性滤材仓和沉性滤材仓中注入净化菌株,并辅以微生物挂膜营养液(1L水体添加5ml营养液),用以加速微生物载体(滤材)生物膜的形成;养水1月后,检测水中氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度,至NH4 +-N浓度<1.0mg/L,NO2 --N<0.1mg/L,即为养水阶段完成。
所述的净化菌株为硝化杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的混合菌株,其一种具体比例为1:2比例混合液,
进一步的,所用净化菌株经纯化培养后,挑取单菌落接入液体培养基进行扩大培养。液体培养基采用胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤液体培养基,制备活菌浓度为109cfu/ml以上的接种液。
其中液体培养基的成分为1L蒸馏水中含胰蛋白胨15g、大豆蛋白胨5g、葡萄糖4g、氯化钠28g、磷酸氢二钾3g,经121℃高压灭菌15min后备用。
所述的微生物挂膜营养液为添加了黏土和沸石粉的NH4 +-N溶液;
所述的NH4 +-N溶液,作为实施例的一种具体记载为40mg/l的氯化铵溶液;
进一步的,黏土为河口沉积泥沙凝结而成,将其暴晒干燥后粉碎,并经300目筛绢过筛;沸石粉购自市场,也经300目筛绢过筛。过筛后得到的超细黏土和沸石粉按照2:1的比例混合,取2g黏土和沸石粉的超细颗粒混合物注入1L 40mg/l的氯化铵溶液中,在容器中强力通气使之在NH4 +-N溶液中悬浮均匀,即制成营养液,
进一步的,浮性滤材仓和沉性滤材仓中均匀注入净化菌株接种液和微生物挂膜营养液,最终使两个滤材仓中净化菌株的浓度达到103cfu/ml。
进一步的说,此步骤中新鲜消毒的海水可以直接取自然海水消毒处理,也可以用市售海水盐来配置海水,配置海水可以选取纯净水或消毒后的自来水,配置盐度为28~32。
2、种藻:植株亲本来自于野采或市场购买,经一星期暂养驯化达到亲本标准;将陶瓷环清洗消毒,环孔朝上均匀的平铺在养殖缸内;选取匍匐茎多的藻体,轻柔地将缠绕成团的藻团分成单株,选取新生枝较长、颜色鲜嫩的藻体,将其须根及匍匐茎,用镊子小心穿过陶瓷环;将附着藻体的陶瓷环均匀铺设在养殖缸内平铺的陶瓷环之间,陶瓷环凹凸不平的表面为藻体须根的附着提供了较好的条件,固定时直立茎向上,匍匐茎横向延伸,假根在下面,便于附着在陶瓷环上。附在陶瓷环上的植株大约2天后长出新的白色假根,丝状假根能附着在陶瓷环上,随后匍匐茎和直立茎的长度和数量也进行增长。新生的小枝呈白色,随后会逐渐变绿,慢慢饱满。种藻之后两周,植株完全适应水体环境,生物量稳步增多。
进一步地说,此一步骤藻类种植密度为25~35g/m2,水质指标为:水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lx。
3、投鱼:海马选取5-6cm健康活力好的海马幼体,经三天暂养适应水质环境。将海马投入养殖缸中,海马会隐藏在藻类丛中,自由活动,待其适应环境会将藻类的直立茎作为攀附物。
进一步地说,此一步骤海马养殖密度为30~40g/m2。
海马养殖期间控制水温26~28℃,盐度28~32,溶氧5mg/l以上,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lx,每日光照时间8~10hs;每天6:00往泵池内添加藻类营养液;每天7:00和17:00定时投喂海马冷冻糠虾,每周用复合微生素、免疫多糖和抗菌肽溶液浸泡糠虾做成药饵,投喂海马一次;每日下午投喂二十分钟后吸底换水一次;每天定时清洗蛋白分离器;每周定时清洗过滤棉;每周系统整体换水10%。
所述的藻类营养液为3种混合溶液,其中溶液1主要为N、P、K基本元素,溶液2为Fe盐及微量元素,溶液3为VB1、VB12和VH维生素混合液,
进一步的,溶液1为NaNO3 70g,NaH2PO4 5g,KNO3,5g,溶于1升水中制备的;
进一步的,溶液2为FeCl3,3.15g,Na2EDTA,4.36g;ZnSO4,0.022g,COCl2,0.01g;MnCl2,0.018g;CuSO4,0.01g,Na2MoO4,0.006g,溶于1升水中制备的;
进一步的,溶液3为VB1,0.0001g;VB12,0.002g;VH 0.02g,溶于1升水中制备的;
本发明提供的藻类营养液是根据藻类的需求针对性的调配的,有利于保持营养的均衡。
4、采收:每2月对养殖系统进行一次采收;海马根据生长情况进行采收,部分收获以降低养殖密度;藻体根据生长程度进行收割,以采收直立茎为主,保留部分藻种用于下一周期养殖。
按照上述的方法,依托青岛农业大学海洋科学与工程学院构建规格为长2.4米,宽0.6米,高度1.75米的海马鱼菜共生循环水系统,,选取鱼类-线纹海马,藻类-葡萄藻、羽毛藻、杉叶蕨藻开展生态混合养殖。线纹海马属直立游泳的鱼类,喜欢将尾部卷附在藻类上用于固着身体;葡萄藻、羽毛藻、杉叶蕨藻则利用须根和匍匐茎附着在陶瓷环上,直立茎竖直生长;水循环系统底滤设置沉淀仓、蛋分仓、浮性滤材仓、沉性滤材仓、泵仓,沉淀仓上架设镂空塑料筐,筐内铺设多层滤棉;通过滤棉过滤、沉淀过滤、蛋白分离器过滤和硝化系统(浮性滤料仓和沉性滤料仓)过滤等环节,保障水循环系统水质;优良的水质保证了养殖缸中海马的水质条件,海马的残饵和粪便为养殖缸中藻类的生长提供了营养。
混养规格:葡萄藻、羽毛藻、杉叶蕨藻植株亲本来自于野采或市场购买,经一星期暂养驯化达到亲本标准;选取浅绿色、匍匐茎多的藻体;轻柔地将缠绕成团的藻团分成单株,选取新生枝较长、颜色鲜嫩的藻体。海马选取5-6cm健康活力好的海马幼体,暂养于山东省青岛农业大学海洋科学与工程学院室内海水循环水养殖系统中,经三天暂养适应水质环境。
混养顺序:海马鱼菜共生循环水系统经4周的循环运转,培养硝化菌群,将准备好的葡萄藻、羽毛藻、杉叶蕨藻藻体均匀固定在养殖缸底层陶瓷环上,固定时直立茎向上,匍匐茎横向延伸,假根在下面,便于附着在陶瓷环上。附在陶瓷环上的植株大约2天后长出白色假根,丝状假根能附着在陶瓷环上,随后匍匐茎和直立茎的长度和数量也进行增长。新生的小枝呈白色,随后会逐渐变绿,慢慢饱满。1周后将暂养的海马幼体放入养殖缸内,海马会隐藏在藻类丛中,并将藻类的直立茎作为攀附物,混养1天后,海马即可正常摄食。
养殖管理:控制水温26~28℃,盐度28~30。每天投喂海马冷冻糠虾两次,下午投喂二十分钟后吸底换水一次。每天定时清洗蛋白分离器。每周定时清洗过滤棉。每周系统整体换水10%。
混养周期自2019年8月25日至2019年10月24日,共计60天。
混养效果:经过60天养殖,线纹海马均重从1.62克增长至3.12克,增重率为92.59%,成活率达96.2%;葡萄藻、羽毛藻、杉叶蕨藻总重从250克长至556克,增重率为222.4%成活率100%。
海洋观赏藻类的须根和匍匐茎攀附在养殖缸底层的陶瓷环上,直立茎挺直生长,供海马攀附。本发明方法充分利用了海马和海洋观赏藻类的生态特点,有效实现了立体混合养殖,增加了养殖经济效益;同时海马的残饵与粪便被藻类作为营养有效吸收,提供了水质净化,使养殖水体的物质和能量处于一种动态的平衡状态。
为了提高海马的免疫力,使用氨基酸序列为ALRHYINLITRQRYGKRSSATKPDNPGEGA(SEQ ID NO:1)的抗菌肽浸泡糠虾,该抗菌肽对副溶血弧菌、哈维氏弧菌和迟缓爱德华氏菌具有明显的抑菌能力(表1)。
表1:抗菌肽(SEQ ID NO:1)对多种水产致病菌的最低抑菌浓度
海马具有较长的吻管,没有牙齿,食道较短,由鳃后部到小肠结束,没有胃,也没有幽门盲囊的结构。肠的弯曲程度不大,分为小肠和大肠,这也可能是海马容易出现肠胃病的原因之一。本发明中所用的抗菌肽对海马主要肠道致病菌副溶血弧菌、哈维氏弧菌均有较好的抑菌效果,有利于海马肠道的健康养殖。而且本发明中采用的抗菌肽溶液浸泡糠虾做成药饵的给药途径对海马不造成任何应激效果。
Claims (7)
1.一种海马鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的方法包括如下的步骤:
1)养水:
在共生循环水系统中注入新鲜消毒的盐度为28~32的海水,开启水泵与蛋白分离器,打开浮性滤材仓中的曝气盘,控制水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,不间断循环后,往浮性滤材仓和沉性滤材仓中接种净化菌株和营养液来培养生物膜,至水体中NH4+-N浓度<1.0mg/L,NO2--N<0.1mg/L完成养水阶段;
所述的共生循环水系统包括系统架(1)、底滤缸(3)和养殖缸(2);系统架(1)对系统起到固定支撑作用,养殖缸(2)在系统架(1)上层,底滤缸(3)设置在系统架(1)的最底层;所述的养殖缸(2)缸底部钻眼设置管中管(2.2)的上下水套管,其中上水细管为上水管(5),下水粗管为排水管(2.3),排水管(2.3)连接底滤缸(3);所述的底滤缸(3)设置有净化过滤系统和循环水泵,循环水泵将处理后的水通过上水管(5)泵入到养殖缸(2);
2)种藻:
将陶瓷环清洗消毒,环孔朝上均匀的平铺在养殖缸内;另取陶瓷环,将藻类的须根或匍匐茎穿过陶瓷环;将附着藻体的陶瓷环均匀铺设在养殖缸内平铺的陶瓷环之间进行养藻;
所述的藻类为葡萄藻、杉叶蕨藻、羽毛藻、鹿角藻、红葡萄藻、红千层或火焰藻;
3)养殖海马:
选取5-6cm健康活力好的海马幼体投入养殖缸中,海马养殖密度为30~40g/m2,养殖期间水温26~28℃,盐度28~32,溶氧5mg/L以上,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lxs,每日光照时间8~10hs;
养殖期间选择添加藻类营养液;并每周投喂一次或几次抗菌肽溶液浸泡的糠虾;所述的抗菌肽为氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的抗菌肽。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的净化菌株为硝化杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的混合菌株。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的1)中的营养液为添加了黏土和沸石粉的NH4+-N溶液。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的NH4+-N溶液为40mg/L的氯化铵溶液。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的2)中藻类种植密度为25~35g/m2;水温22~26℃,盐度28~32,pH7.5~8.2,光照强度3000~4000lxs。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的3)中所述的藻类营养液为3种混合溶液,其中溶液1为NaNO3 70g,NaH2PO4 5g,KNO3,5g,溶于1升水中制备的;
溶液2为FeCl3,3.15g,Na2EDTA,4.36g,ZnSO4,0.022g,COCl2 ,0.01g;MnCl2 ,0.018g;CuSO4 ,0.01g,Na2MoO4 ,0.006g,溶于1升水中制备的;
溶液3为VB1,0.0001g;VB12 ,0.002g;VH 0.02g,溶于1升水中制备的。
7.如权利要求1所述的海马鱼菜共生循环水养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的系统架(1)是用型材、不锈钢材质或木质材料做的缸体支架,支架底部四角可配置万向轮或可调地脚;所述养殖缸(2)材质为玻璃材质;所述的底滤缸(3)为玻璃材质;所述的底滤缸(3)使用隔板(8)设置为沉淀仓(3.1)、蛋分仓(3.2)、浮性滤材仓(3.3)、沉性滤材仓(3.4)和泵仓(3.5)5个仓室格,隔板(8)为双层错位玻璃;所述养殖缸(2)缸底和沉淀仓(3.1)、蛋分仓(3.2)、浮性滤材仓(3.3)、沉性滤材仓(3.4)底部中央钻眼设置强排(2.1),养殖缸(2)的强排(2.1)通过PVC管连接在一起,直接连通排污管(7),形成强排管路;所述养殖缸(2)缸底中心位置设置强排(2.1);所述的底滤缸(3)左侧沉淀仓(3.1)上架设镂空塑料筐,框内铺设过滤棉作初级过滤,蛋分仓(3.2)内设置蛋白分离器,作次级过滤,浮性滤材仓(3.3)内底层铺设曝气盘,放置塑料多孔薄片滤材,作三级过滤,沉性滤材仓(3.4)内放置陶瓷环,培植硝化菌群,作四级过滤,泵仓(3.5)内设置水泵(4),水泵(4)将净化后的水通过上水管(5)泵入养殖缸(2),养殖缸(2)上水管(5)均设置阀门调节水流和水压;所述的底滤缸(3)分格时调节隔板(8)的高度,使水位高度沉淀仓(3.1)>蛋分仓(3.2)>浮性滤材仓(3.3)>沉性滤材仓(3.4)>泵仓(3.5);所述的养殖缸(2)内底层均匀铺设一层中空透孔的陶瓷环,供藻类攀附。
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