CN112752856A - 铝合金翅片坯料 - Google Patents
铝合金翅片坯料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112752856A CN112752856A CN201980062339.5A CN201980062339A CN112752856A CN 112752856 A CN112752856 A CN 112752856A CN 201980062339 A CN201980062339 A CN 201980062339A CN 112752856 A CN112752856 A CN 112752856A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rolled
- finstock
- content
- fin stock
- fin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
- B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/016—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
- F28F1/128—Fins with openings, e.g. louvered fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
- F28F2275/045—Fastening; Joining by brazing with particular processing steps, e.g. by allowing displacement of parts during brazing or by using a reservoir for storing brazing material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种由3xxx系列铝合金制成的轧制翅片坯料,所述铝合金以重量%计包含:0.7%至2.0%的Mn、0.4%至1.5%的Si、多达4%的Zn、多达0.8%的Fe、0.02%至0.40%的Zr、0.01%至0.6%的Sc、多达0.3%的Ni、多达0.5%的Cu、多达2%的Mg、多达0.3%的Cr、多达0.3%的Ti、余量的铝和可容忍的杂质。本发明还涉及一种结合了这种翅片坯料的部件的钎焊组件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由至少包含0.7%至2.0%的Mn的3xxx系列铝合金制成的轧制翅片坯料。本发明还涉及一种结合了这种翅片坯料的部件的钎焊组件。
背景技术
如下文将了解,除非另有说明,否则铝合金名称和回火名称是指如铝业协会在2018年发布的铝标准和数据以及注册记录(Aluminium Standards and Data and theRegistration Records)中的铝业协会名称,并且是本领域技术人员众所周知的。
对于合金组成或优选合金组成的任何描述,除非另有说明,否则所有对百分比的提及都是按重量百分比。
如本文所用,术语“多达”和“多达约”明确包括但不限于其所指代的特定合金元素的重量百分比为零的可能性。例如,多达约0.3%的Ni可包括不具有Ni的合金。
用于汽车冷却器、空调系统、工业冷却系统等的换热器和其他类似装备(诸如冷凝器、蒸发器等)通常包括平行布置在两个集管之间的许多换热管,每个管在任一端接合到集管中的一个。波纹翅片设置在相邻换热管之间的气流间隙中,并且钎焊到相应的管。
用于钎焊式换热器的翅片材料或翅片坯料通常由3xxx系列铝合金诸如(例如)AA3003或有目的地添加多达约3%的Zn的AA3003制造。
翅片坯料在采用铝合金钎料(brazing filler)的钎焊操作中接合到换热管,所述铝合金钎料最常见地是由AA4xxx系列合金制成。钎料通常存在于换热管的外表面上,但是也单独采用包覆翅片构型。
工业规模上最常用的钎焊工艺是真空钎焊和使用基于盐的钎焊焊剂的可控气氛钎焊。最近的发展考虑不使用基于盐的钎焊焊剂的可控气氛钎焊。
美国专利号9,493,861-B1公开了一种用于生产通过钎焊到特别是在换热器中使用的翅片材料来制造部件的AlMn条带或薄板的方法。据说所得的翅片材料具有增加的抗下垂性。铝合金以重量%计包含:0.3-1.5%的Si、<0.5%的Fe、<0.3%的Cu、1.0-2.0%的Mn、<0.5%的Mg、<4.0%的Zn、0.3%的来自IVb、Vb或VIb族的弥散体形成元素中的每一种以及不可避免的杂质、余量的铝。
美国专利号9,714,799公开了一种用于生产通过钎焊到特别是在换热器中使用的翅片材料来制造部件的AlMn条带或薄板的方法。据说所得的翅片材料具有超级抗下垂性。铝合金以重量%计包含:<0.30%的Si、<0.5%的Fe、<0.3%的Cu、1.0-2.0%的Mn、<0.5%的Mg、<4.0%的Zn、0.3%的来自IVb、Vb或VIb族的弥散体形成元素中的每一种以及不可避免的杂质、余量的铝。
CN-103060622-A公开了一种用于通过连续铸轧Al-Mn-Zn-Sc铝合金来生产用于汽车换热器的翅片的方法,所述铝合金具有0.05-0.15%的Sc、0.44-0.58%的Si、0.45-0.55%的Fe、0.10-0.15%的Cu、1.05-1.25%的Mn、<0.05%的Mg、1.40-1.60%的Zn、<0.025%的Cr、<0.045%的Ni、<0.045%的Ti、<0.045%的Zr和余量的铝。
JP-2006-176852-A公开了一种具有芯合金的钎焊薄板产品,所述芯合金在一侧上包覆有基于Al-Si或Al-Si-Zn的钎焊合金且在另一侧上包覆有铝合金牺牲阳极层。所述铝合金牺牲阳极层包含0.0001-1.0%的Sc和0.2-0.8%的Zn,以及选自0.005-3.0%的Mn、0.05-2.5%的Fe、0.05-1.5%的Si、<0.1%的Cu、0.01-2.0%的Mg和0.001-0.3%的Zr的组中的一种或多种元素,以及余量的铝和不可避免的杂质。钎焊薄板产品可用于换热器中的管或翅片。
JP-2006-176850-A公开了一种用于换热器的铝合金翅片材料,并且所述材料包含0.0001-1.0%的Sc、0.005-3.0%的Mn和0.01-8.0%的Zn,以及另外的选自0.05-2.5%的Fe、0.05-1.5%的Si、0.05-0.8%的Cu、0.01-0.5%的Mg和0.001-0.3%的Zr的一种或多种元素,以及余量的铝和不可避免的杂质。
WO-2016/190409-A1公开了一种用于面板部件和汽车结构部件的高强度6XXX系列铝合金汽车薄板,所述铝合金包含:0.3-1.5%的Mg、0.3-1.5%的Si和至少一种选自由0.1-0.8%的Mn、0.04-0.20%的Zr、0.04-0.20%的Cr和0.02-0.1%的Sc组成的组的过渡元素、余量的铝和不可避免的杂质,并且其中,中等厚度的薄板具有100微米或更小的平均晶粒大小,以及弥散体颗粒,所述弥散体颗粒包含具有限定的平均当量圆直径和密度的所述至少一种过渡元素。
在钎焊式换热器中使用的并具有进一步改进的抗下垂性的铝合金翅片坯料的技术领域还存在改进的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于钎焊式换热器的至少具有改进的抗下垂性的轧制铝合金翅片坯料。
本发明满足或超过了这个和其他目的以及另外的优点,并且提供了由3xxx系列铝合金制成的轧制翅片坯料,所述铝合金以重量%计包含:
根据本发明,已经发现,就钎焊过程中的高抗下垂性和对液芯渗透的极低敏感性,以及交付状态下的良好成形性质而言,轧制翅片坯料具有高钎焊后强度和出色的钎焊性能。特别是,由于将Sc和Zr组合添加到铝合金中,高温下的抗下垂性已经得到显著改进。
轧制翅片坯料主要意图是在通过CAB钎焊生产的换热器中的薄翅片应用,但也可通过真空钎焊生产。
Mn是翅片坯料中最重要的合金元素,并且有助于颗粒和固溶体两者的强化。此外,受控数量的颗粒中的Mn有益于控制抗下垂性和对液芯渗透的敏感性,因为这些颗粒控制钎焊加热期间导致形成大的重结晶晶粒的重结晶过程。Mn含量应在约0.7%至2.0%的范围内。Mn含量的优选下限为约1.0%,且更优选为约1.3%。Mn含量的更优选的上限为约1.85%。
Si与Mn结合有助于颗粒和固溶体两者的强化。这可提升高钎焊后强度和抗下垂性。Si含量不足(例如少于约0.4%)会导致强化降低,而Si含量过多(例如超过约1.5%)则会导致热导率降低和熔化温度降低,从而在钎焊操作期间不利地影响换热器。Si含量的优选下限为约0.5%,且更优选地为约0.65%。Si含量的上限为1.5%,优选地为约1.2%,且最优选地为约1.1%。
Fe存在于所有已知的市场上可购得的铝合金中。除了其他方面,Fe含量过高时,材料的可成形性降低,并且腐蚀性能也降低。优选的可容许的Fe含量最高多达约0.8%,且更优选地最高多达约0.6%。实际Fe含量在约0.15%至0.45%的范围内,并且允许翅片坯料的期望性质(诸如钎焊后强度和抗下垂性)的良好折衷,而同时翅片坯料在至少部分地由废料制造时可没有很大的困难。
在不脱离本发明的概念的情况下,所述翅片坯料可具有相对高水平的Mn、Si和Fe。特别是,当在生产翅片坯料的制造过程中应用通常是通过连续铸造(诸如双辊铸轧)所获得的铸造期间的高凝固速率时,可采用相对高水平的合金元素,从而导致产生基本上没有粗大金属间化合物的合金条带。当应用连续铸造技术来生产翅片坯料的给料时,显然也可应用所公开范围的下端点和中端点。在板坯(slab)或钢坯(billet)的铸造过程如直接冷硬(DC)铸造中,凝固速率是这样的:在工业实践中,Fe水平通常不超过0.6%,Mn水平不超过1.85%,以及Si水平不超过1.2%,否则会产生有害的粗大金属间化合物,诸如(例如)主要是含Fe金属间化合物。准确的Si、Fe和Mn含量可根据特定应用的可成形性、强度、耐腐蚀性和抗下垂性要求来调谐。
与Mn和Si一起,结合Zr来有目的地添加钪(Sc)是必不可少的合金元素,并且Sc的含量应在约0.01%至0.6%的范围内,以在高温下达到改进的抗下垂性。同时,在高温下的钎焊后条件下的强度性质也得到提高。Sc的优选下限为0.05%,且更优选地为0.12%,且更优选地为0.17%。更优选的上限为0.4%,且更优选地为0.30%。
铝合金还应至少包含0.02%至0.40%的范围内的Zr。在一个实施方案中,Zr含量的上限为0.30%,且更优选为0.2%。Zr含量的优选下限为0.06%,且更优选为0.08%。
Zr与Sc结合以形成弥散体,所述弥散体具有在其与铝基体之间的减少的晶格失配,这导致对重结晶的抑制增强,从而产生较高的重结晶温度。Sc和Zr的组合添加有利于在钎焊加热过程中重结晶之后形成更大的钎焊后晶粒,从而增加抗下垂性。在类似的组成范围内,与仅添加Sc或仅添加Zr相比,该增加显著更高。在根据本发明的铝合金中,必须至少组合添加Sc和Zr,以便实现期望的钎焊后强度性质。在一个实施方案中,Sc和Zr的组合添加为至少0.20%,且优选地至少0.23%。在更好的实例中,Sc和Zr的组合添加为至少0.25%。
Mg的添加显著增加了翅片坯料合金的钎焊后强度,但水平过高时,可能会增加钎焊操作期间翅片坯料中的各相初熔的风险。对于可控气氛钎焊(CAB),不希望较高的Mg含量,因为对钎焊焊剂有潜在的中毒作用。当用于真空钎焊操作中时,翅片坯料合金中的Mg含量就不那么关键了,并且可存在多达约2%。Mg含量可存在多达2%,优选地多达0.5%,优选地多达0.35%,且最优选地多达0.10%。
Cu可增强翅片坯料的钎焊后强度,但是它可能对翅片材料的腐蚀电位具有有害影响。Cu的可容忍量多达约0.5%,这在此翅片坯料合金对杂质元素的容忍度方面取得了优势,并允许此合金由大量废料构成,所述废料诸如废弃的换热器,但不限于此实例。作为实现钎焊后强度、耐腐蚀性和钎焊性的折衷,Cu水平的更优选的范围为多达约0.30%,且更优选多达约0.20%。如果耐腐蚀性作为翅片坯料在某种换热器应用中非常重要的性质而存在,则Cu含量优选地保持在0.20%以下的水平,且最优选地在0.05%以下,例如处于不超过0.01%或0.02%的水平。
合金元素锌(Zn)影响翅片坯料的腐蚀电位,并且其可存在多达约4%。通过降低翅片坯料的腐蚀电位,Zn具有使翅片充当牺牲阳极的作用,从而为其被钎焊到的换热器的管提供腐蚀保护。锌对强度和热导率具有可检测的但是相对小的影响。为此,添加对于管的阴极保护所需的最低量的Zn;通常需要至少0.35%的Zn,且更优选至少0.5%。超过约4%的Zn将对自腐蚀速率产生影响。然而,在一些情况下,多达约3%的Zn的这样较高的Zn含量可能是期望的,代价是热导率和自腐蚀性质。通过在翅片中使用可调节的Zn含量,可针对每种应用将管与翅片之间腐蚀电位的差异选择到充足的水平。Zn含量的优选上限为2.7%。在特定的实施方案中,Zn含量的上限为约1.9%。
Ni已经被证明可提高强度,而不会对热导率产生显著的有害影响。然而,众所周知,其对翅片坯料的自腐蚀特性有负面影响。据设想在一些特定情况下,可能容忍多达约0.3%,但是一般来说,Ni应保持为少于约0.05%,且优选地少于0.03%。
Cr可作为另一种弥散体形成元素而添加多达约0.3%。
在本发明的翅片坯料的铸锭的铸造过程中,Ti可存在多达约0.3%,以特别地充当晶粒细化添加剂。例如由于它们存在于废料中,可添加额外的Ti以通过溶解性硬化(solubility hardening)来增加翅片合金的强度。存在于铝合金中的Ti总量应优选地不超过约0.20%,但优选地少于0.10%。
余量由铝与附带杂质和可容忍的杂质形成,通常每种杂质最高多达0.05%并且总计最高约0.25%,且优选地总计不超过0.15%。
在铝翅片坯料的一个特定实施方案中,涉及一种组成,其以重量%计包含:0.7-2.0%的Mn、0.4-1.5%的Si、多达4%的Zn、多达0.8%的Fe、0.02-0.40%的Zr、0.01-0.6%的Sc、多达0.3%的Ni、多达0.5%的Cu、多达2%的Mg、多达0.3%的Cr、多达0.3%的Ti,余量的铝和杂质各自<0.05%,总计<0.25%,并且具有如本文所述和要求保护的优选的更窄的组成范围。
所述轧制翅片坯料可使用本领域已知的生产翅片坯料的方法进行制造,例如在美国专利号9,493,861-B1和9,714,799-B2中所公开的方法。
对于轧制给料的铸造,连续铸造技术(例如双带式铸造或铸轧)比直接冷硬(DC)铸造技术更受欢迎。在连续铸造操作过程中的相对高的冷却速度提供更有利且精细的弥散体颗粒和其他微结构特征的分布,从而特别是在高温下,产生所需的高钎焊后强度和增加的抗下垂性。
鉴于存在作为合金元素的Sc和Zr,为了产生作为翅片坯料的铝合金的最佳性能,热轧前的均化温度和/或预热温度优选地在约300℃至500℃的范围内,且更优选地在约370℃至480℃的范围内,以控制小的弥散体颗粒的形成。均热时间通常在约1至50小时的范围内。
在均化和/或预热步骤之后,可进行热轧步骤。热轧机入口温度优选地在约350℃至470℃的范围内。可将铝合金热轧成通常约2mm至15mm的规格(gauge),并且随后冷轧成最终规格。可选地,轧制铝板可通过将薄板从室温加热到本领域中常规的退火温度进行退火以达到所需的回火。
在一个实施方案中,轧制翅片坯料在一侧或两侧设置有铝合金包覆层,每侧上使用的包覆层厚度为条带总厚度的3%至20%,优选地3%至15%。铝合金包覆层可以是通常具有5%至14%范围内的Si作为其主要合金成分的4xxx系列焊料合金。此系列内的典型焊料合金为AA4343、AA4045、AA4047、AA4004、AA4104、AA4047和AA4147,或它们的一些近组成变体,或有目的地添加多达约5%的Zn的4xxx合金,以及基于商业纯铝合金(例如AA1xxx系列)的典型保护。所述铝合金包覆层优选地通过如本领域众所周知的轧制结合(rollbonding)进行施加。
在一个实施方案中,轧制翅片坯料以裸露形式提供,因此在其外表面上没有任何金属层,诸如(例如)4xxx系列钎焊包覆层。
在最终规格时,轧制翅片坯料的规格通常在约0.02mm至1.0mm范围内,优选地约0.02mm至0.3mm。规格的优选下限为约0.03mm。规格的优选上限为约0.2mm,更优选地为0.15mm,且最优选地为0.10mm。
在预钎焊条件下,轧制翅片坯料通常以H1x或H2x回火提供,其中x具有1至9的值,诸如(例如)H14、H18、H22、H24和H26回火。
在本发明的一个方面中,提供了一种包括本发明的轧制翅片坯料的钎焊组件,所述钎焊组件通常是换热器。在这种具有本发明的轧制翅片坯料作为波纹翅片的换热器中,翅片可充当牺牲阳极。钎焊式换热器通常包括:至少一个箱,所述至少一个箱被构造来容纳冷却剂;集管板,所述集管板耦接到所述至少一个箱,所述集管板包括多个孔;多个基本上平行的流体承载管,所述流体承载管各自基本上垂直于所述集管板中的所述多个孔中的一个延伸,并且被构造来通过其接收所述冷却剂;以及多个翅片,所述翅片与所述多个流体承载管热连通,并且被构造来将热从其传递出去,以便冷却在其中循环的冷却剂,所述多个翅片由如本文公开和要求保护的轧制翅片坯料制成。
结合了根据本发明的轧制坯料的换热器可广泛用于运输工业(诸如汽车工业)、用于动力总成冷却和HVAC&R应用,以及用于家庭和工业冷却目的,例如用于流体处理和HVAC&R应用。
图1是钎焊式换热器的一部分的等距视图。
如图1所示,根据本发明的钎焊式铝换热器2包括多个流体承载管6。流体承载管6的端部向集管板8和箱10敞开(图1示出流体承载管6的一端、一个集管板8和一个箱10)。冷却剂从箱10通过流体承载管6并进入另一个箱(未示出)而进行循环。如图所示,由根据本发明的轧制翅片坯料制成的多个冷却翅片4设置在流体承载管6之间,以便将热从其传递出去,从而促进冷却其中的流体的热交换。
虽然已经详细描述了本文所述的技术的各种实施方案,但是显而易见的是,本领域技术人员将想到这些实施方案的修改和改变。然而,应当明确地理解,此类修改和改变在当前公开的技术的精神和范围内。
Claims (18)
2.根据权利要求1所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Sc含量为至少0.05%,且优选地为至少0.12%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Sc含量最高为0.4%,且优选地最高为0.30%。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Zr含量为至少0.06%,且优选地为至少0.08%。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Zr含量最高为0.30%,且优选地最高为0.20%。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Mn含量为至少1.0%,且优选地为至少1.3%。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Mn含量为至多1.85%。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Cu含量最高为0.30%,优选地最高为0.20%,且更优选地最高为0.05%。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Mg含量最高为0.5%,优选地最高为0.35%,且更优选地最高为0.10%。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述Zn含量为至少0.35%,且优选地为至少0.5%,且优选地多达3%。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中在所述轧制翅片坯料的一侧或两侧上施加包覆层。
12.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述轧制翅片坯料在任一侧上均没有施加任何金属层。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中在最终规格时所述翅片坯料具有0.02mm至0.3mm、优选0.03mm至0.15mm的厚度。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中在预钎焊条件下所述翅片坯料以H1x或H2x回火提供并且其中x为1至9。
15.根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料,其中所述翅片坯料已通过连续铸造操作进行生产。
16.一种制造根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料的方法,其包括以下步骤:铸造轧制给料;以在300℃至500℃的范围内、优选在370℃至480℃的范围内的温度对所述轧制给料进行均化和/或预热;之后热轧成2mm至15mm的规格;冷轧成最终规格;以及可选地在最终规格下对冷轧的材料进行退火。
17.一种部件的钎焊组件,其包括:多个基本上平行的流体承载管和多个翅片;所述翅片与所述多个流体承载管热连通并且被构造来将热从其传递出去,所述多个翅片包括根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的轧制翅片坯料。
18.根据权利要求17所述的部件的钎焊组件,其中所述部件的钎焊组件是换热器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18196278.8 | 2018-09-24 | ||
EP18196278 | 2018-09-24 | ||
PCT/EP2019/073661 WO2020064291A1 (en) | 2018-09-24 | 2019-09-05 | Aluminium alloy fin stock material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112752856A true CN112752856A (zh) | 2021-05-04 |
Family
ID=63683067
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201980062339.5A Pending CN112752856A (zh) | 2018-09-24 | 2019-09-05 | 铝合金翅片坯料 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210310754A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3821048B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN112752856A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2020064291A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112195375B (zh) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏常铝铝业集团股份有限公司 | 一种自钎焊铝合金箔材及其制造方法 |
CN113201672B (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-06-14 | 北京科技大学 | 一种高烤漆硬化增量的Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Zn合金及制备方法 |
CN115948681B (zh) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-04-16 | 广东兴发铝业有限公司 | 一种铲齿散热器用铝型材及其挤压生产方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000026931A (ja) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-01-25 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | ろう付け管形成用アルミニウム合金ブレージングシートおよびろう付け管 |
JP2006176852A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 耐エロージョン性に優れた熱交換器用の高強度アルミニウム合金クラッド材および熱交換器並びに高強度アルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法 |
JP2006176850A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 耐エロージョン性に優れた熱交換器用の高強度アルミニウム合金フィン材および熱交換器 |
SE0800898L (sv) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-19 | Sapa Heat Transfer Ab | Sandwichmaterial för lödning med hög hållfasthet vid hög temperatur |
CN103060622A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 江阴新仁科技有限公司 | 用连续铸轧法生产汽车散热片用铝-锰-锌-钪铝合金箔 |
CN103502493A (zh) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-01-08 | 爱励轧制产品德国有限责任公司 | 翅片坯材 |
US9714799B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-07-25 | Gränges Sweden Ab | Ultra sagging and melting resistant fin material with very high strength |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2816534B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-16 | 2003-01-31 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Procede de fabrication d'une bande plaquee en alliage d'aluminium pour la fabrication d'echangeurs de chaleur brases |
NO20016355D0 (no) * | 2001-12-21 | 2001-12-21 | Norsk Hydro As | Aluminium kjöleribbe med forbedret styrke og bestandighet |
SE0203009D0 (sv) * | 2002-10-14 | 2002-10-14 | Sapa Heat Transfer Ab | High strenth aluminium fin material for brazing |
AT413035B (de) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-10-15 | Arc Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen Gmbh | Aluminiumlegierung |
SE530437C2 (sv) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-06-03 | Sapa Heat Transfer Ab | Rankmaterial med hög hållfasthet och högt saggingmotstånd |
BR112013027220A2 (pt) * | 2011-04-25 | 2016-12-27 | Delphi Tech Inc | método para fabricar um trocador de calor de alumínio |
US20140130637A1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-05-15 | Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology, Armaments, Bureau, Ministry of National Defense | Method for Making a Strong Aluminum Alloy |
CN106282696A (zh) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-01-04 | 沈阳万龙源冶金新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高强高韧铝合金 |
JP6810508B2 (ja) | 2015-05-28 | 2021-01-06 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高強度アルミニウム合金板 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-05 EP EP19762165.9A patent/EP3821048B1/en active Active
- 2019-09-05 WO PCT/EP2019/073661 patent/WO2020064291A1/en unknown
- 2019-09-05 CN CN201980062339.5A patent/CN112752856A/zh active Pending
- 2019-09-05 US US17/250,786 patent/US20210310754A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000026931A (ja) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-01-25 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | ろう付け管形成用アルミニウム合金ブレージングシートおよびろう付け管 |
JP2006176852A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 耐エロージョン性に優れた熱交換器用の高強度アルミニウム合金クラッド材および熱交換器並びに高強度アルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法 |
JP2006176850A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 耐エロージョン性に優れた熱交換器用の高強度アルミニウム合金フィン材および熱交換器 |
SE0800898L (sv) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-19 | Sapa Heat Transfer Ab | Sandwichmaterial för lödning med hög hållfasthet vid hög temperatur |
CN103502493A (zh) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-01-08 | 爱励轧制产品德国有限责任公司 | 翅片坯材 |
US9714799B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-07-25 | Gränges Sweden Ab | Ultra sagging and melting resistant fin material with very high strength |
CN103060622A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 江阴新仁科技有限公司 | 用连续铸轧法生产汽车散热片用铝-锰-锌-钪铝合金箔 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3821048A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
WO2020064291A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
EP3821048B1 (en) | 2024-07-24 |
US20210310754A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109072357B (zh) | 包含轧制铝合金的热交换器 | |
US5125452A (en) | Aluminum alloy clad material | |
JP5079198B2 (ja) | アルミニウム蝋付け合金 | |
US6352789B1 (en) | Brazing sheet and method of making same | |
US9377249B2 (en) | Fin stock material | |
WO2007131727A1 (en) | Method of producing a clad aluminum alloy sheet for brazing purposes and sheet produced by said method | |
EP3797034B1 (en) | Brazed heat exchanger | |
EP3821048B1 (en) | Aluminium alloy fin stock material | |
CN111065753B (zh) | 换热器用铝合金硬钎焊片材 | |
US6610247B2 (en) | Aluminum brazing alloy | |
JP2017066494A (ja) | 熱交換器用アルミニウム合金材及びその製造方法 | |
CN110997958B (zh) | 换热器用铝合金硬钎焊片材 | |
CN115038546B (zh) | 多层铝钎焊板材料 | |
CA3168620C (en) | Aluminium alloy sheet material and heat exchanger incorporating such an aluminium alloy sheet material | |
JP2022522881A (ja) | ろう付けされた熱交換器の製造用のアルミニウム合金製ストリップ | |
CN117241912A (zh) | 用于制造钎焊式换热器的铝合金带材或片材 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Koblenz, Germany Applicant after: Novelis Coblenz LLC Address before: Koblenz, Germany Applicant before: ALERIS ROLLED PRODUCTS GERMANY GmbH |