CN112745458A - Water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112745458A CN112745458A CN202011611090.XA CN202011611090A CN112745458A CN 112745458 A CN112745458 A CN 112745458A CN 202011611090 A CN202011611090 A CN 202011611090A CN 112745458 A CN112745458 A CN 112745458A
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- water
- epibrassinolide
- retaining agent
- mesoporous carbon
- stress resistance
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-QHBHMFGVSA-N 24-epi-brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-QHBHMFGVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000247812 Amorphophallus rivieri Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000001206 Amorphophallus rivieri Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000010485 konjac Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 CAT Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011807 nanoball Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1545—Six-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance, which is prepared from the following components: acrylic acid and acrylamide, mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide, potassium persulfate, N-methylene bisacrylamide, potassium hydroxide, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide and deionized water; its preparing process is also disclosed. The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the water-retaining agent has good water absorption capacity, and simultaneously, the drought resistance and stress resistance of plants are further enhanced by good release control of 2, 4-epibrassinolide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-retaining agents, in particular to a water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The water-retaining agent resin is a high molecular material which can absorb and store hundreds or even thousands of times of water by swelling, and can be used as a micro reservoir in soil. When the soil is dry, the water-retaining agent can release the water stored in the water-retaining agent for the crops to absorb, so that the crops can survive under the dry condition. However, the traditional water-retaining agent has a limited effect on guiding the drought resistance of crops.
Brassinolide is a kind of plant growth regulator, and can be used for field crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and the like. Has multiple functions of maintaining and coordinating nutrition balance, resisting drought and cold, enhancing crop stress resistance and the like. Therefore, some mix brassinolide and water-retaining agent resin powder to improve the drought-resistant and stress-resistant effects of crops. However, the mode is not ideal for controlling the release of brassinolide, so that the final drought-resistant and stress-resistant effects are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the water-retaining agent with the enhanced anti-stress capability, which has good water absorption capability and can well control the release of 2, 4-epibrassinolide, and the preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance is prepared from the following components:
acrylic acid, acrylamide, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide which are used as basic water-retaining materials; mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 2, 4-epibrassinolide; potassium hydroxide; an initiator; a crosslinking agent; deionized water.
Further, the initiator is potassium persulfate, and the crosslinking agent is N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide.
Preferably, in the mesoporous carbon nanosphere loaded with 2, 4-epibrassinolide, 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide is loaded in the mesoporous carbon nanosphere in percentage by weight.
Further, in the water-retaining agent, by weight, 15-30 parts of potassium hydroxide, 30-60 parts of acrylic acid, 10-50 parts of acrylamide, 5-15 parts of konjac glucomannan, 5-15 parts of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1-1 part of potassium persulfate, 0.05-0.2 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-0.05 part of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300 parts of deionized water.
A preparation method of a water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving potassium hydroxide in part of deionized water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution;
s2, dissolving acrylic acid in the rest deionized water, and neutralizing the acrylic acid solution with a potassium hydroxide solution;
s3, adding acrylamide, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide, after the materials are completely dissolved, sequentially adding potassium persulfate and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for at least 3H;
s4, putting the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide;
s5, after being mixed uniformly, discharging and sending into a vacuum drying chamber, and carrying out vacuum drying at 40 ℃;
and S6, after drying, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Further, the mesoporous carbon nanosphere loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is prepared by the following steps: firstly, 1 part by mass of mesoporous carbon nanospheres is put into 80 parts by mass of 2mg/mL 2, 4-epibrassinolide solution, and stirred for 24 hours; and centrifuging, filtering, separating and precipitating, washing by using a phosphate buffer solution, and drying at 30 ℃ in vacuum to obtain a finished product.
The 2, 4-epibrassinolide used in the preparation of the multifunctional water-retaining agent has good effect on relieving various adversity stresses, and after the multifunctional water-retaining agent is applied to plants, the activity of enzymes such as CAT, POD, SOD and PPO in the plants can be improved to relieve the damage to the plants caused by drought, low temperature or high temperature. The mesoporous carbon nanospheres have the advantages of high surface area, large pore volume, large pore diameter and the like, so that the mesoporous carbon nanospheres become an effective drug carrier material. It can load various drugs in the mesoporous pore canal or on the surface of the mesoporous, and can slowly release the drug-loaded drugs.
In the preparation process of the water retention agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide are introduced into the water retention agent structure in a free radical polymerization mode (the konjac glucomannan and the soybean polysaccharide are grafted onto acrylic acid and acrylamide chains through free radical polymerization in a polymerization reaction to form a part of the chemical structure of the water retention resin), so that the water absorption property and the biodegradability are improved; the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide are added at the later stage of the polymerization reaction, and then the mesoporous carbon nanospheres are dried and crushed to seal the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide in the water-retaining agent resin. When the water-retaining agent gel is applied into soil, the water-retaining agent provides water for plants, and meanwhile, the 2, 4-epibrassinolide in the mesoporous carbon nanospheres in the gel is slowly released, so that the resistance of the plants to drought, low temperature or high temperature is enhanced.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the soybean polysaccharide is introduced into the structure of the water retaining agent, so that the water absorption is improved, and the 2, 4-epibrassinolide release control is facilitated through the synergistic degradation of the konjac glucomannan.
(2) At the later stage of polymerization reaction, the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide are added, and then the mesoporous carbon nanospheres are dried and crushed to seal the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide in the water-retaining agent resin, so that the release control of the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is enhanced, and the mesoporous carbon nanospheres are cooperated with the characteristics of the water-retaining agent resin, and the drought resistance and stress resistance of crops are finally improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example 1
A water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance is prepared from the following raw materials: 15g of potassium hydroxide, 30g of acrylic acid, 50g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan, 9g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.5g of potassium persulfate, 0.15g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants comprises the following steps: first, 15g of potassium hydroxide was dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 30g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and 50g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan and 9g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.5g of potassium persulfate and 0.15g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.01g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 2:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 2 is prepared from the following raw materials: 25g of potassium hydroxide, 50g of acrylic acid, 25g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan, 5g of soybean polysaccharide, 1g of potassium persulfate, 0.2g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.04g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 2 is as follows: 25g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and 50g of acrylic acid was then dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and 25g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan and 5g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, 1g of potassium persulfate and 0.2g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide are added in sequence; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.04g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 3:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 3 is prepared from the following raw materials: 30g of potassium hydroxide, 60g of acrylic acid, 17g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan, 15g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1g of potassium persulfate, 0.05g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.013g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 3 is as follows: 30g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 60g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then 17g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan and 15g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.1g of potassium persulfate and 0.05g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.013g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 4:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 4 is prepared from the following raw materials: 15g of potassium hydroxide, 30g of acrylic acid, 42g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan, 15g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.5g of potassium persulfate, 0.15g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.03g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 4 is as follows: first, 15g of potassium hydroxide was dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 30g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then 42g of acrylamide, 5g of konjac glucomannan and 15g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.5 parts of potassium persulfate and 0.15 parts of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.03g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 5:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 5 is prepared from the following raw materials: 20g of potassium hydroxide, 40g of acrylic acid, 40g of acrylamide, 7g of konjac glucomannan, 5g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.6g of potassium persulfate, 0.05g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.03g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 5 is as follows: first 20g of potassium hydroxide was dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 40g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then, 40g of acrylamide, 7g of konjac glucomannan and 5g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, 0.6g of potassium persulfate and 0.05g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide are added in sequence; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.03g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 6:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 6 is prepared from the following raw materials: 30g of potassium hydroxide, 60g of acrylic acid, 15g of acrylamide, 10g of konjac glucomannan, 10g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1g of potassium persulfate, 0.05g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.025g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 6 is as follows: 30g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 60g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then neutralizing the acrylic acid solution by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then adding 15g of acrylamide, 10g of konjac glucomannan and 10g of soybean polysaccharide. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.1g of potassium persulfate and 0.05g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and then adding 0.025g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 7:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 7 is prepared from the following raw materials: 30g of potassium hydroxide, 60g of acrylic acid, 17g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan, 5g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1g of potassium persulfate, 0.05g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.013g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 7 is as follows: 30g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 60g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then 17g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan and 5g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.1g of potassium persulfate and 0.05g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.013g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 8:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 8 is prepared from the following raw materials: 26g of potassium hydroxide, 52g of acrylic acid, 20g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan, 5g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.5g of potassium persulfate, 0.1g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.038g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 8 is as follows: 26g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and 52g of acrylic acid was then dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then 20g of acrylamide, 15g of konjac glucomannan and 5g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, 0.5g of potassium persulfate and 0.1g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide are added in sequence; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.038g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 9:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 9 is prepared from the following raw materials: 30g of potassium hydroxide, 60g of acrylic acid, 20g of acrylamide, 7g of konjac glucomannan, 5g of soybean polysaccharide, 1g of potassium persulfate, 0.1g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing the stress resistance of plants in the embodiment 9 is as follows: 30g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 60g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then, the acrylic acid solution is neutralized by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then 20g of acrylamide, 7g of konjac glucomannan and 5g of soybean polysaccharide are added. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 1g of potassium persulfate and 0.1g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.01g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Example 10:
the water-retaining agent for enhancing plant stress resistance of the embodiment 10 is prepared from the following raw materials: 30g of potassium hydroxide, 60g of acrylic acid, 10g of acrylamide, 10g of konjac glucomannan, 10g of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1g of potassium persulfate, 0.05g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.05g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300g of deionized water.
The preparation process of the water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance of plants in this embodiment 10 is as follows: 30g of potassium hydroxide was first dissolved in 100g of deionized water, and then 60g of acrylic acid was dissolved in 200g of deionized water. Then neutralizing the acrylic acid solution by using a potassium hydroxide solution, and then adding 10g of acrylamide, 10g of konjac glucomannan and 10g of soybean polysaccharide. After the dissolution is completed, sequentially adding 0.1g of potassium persulfate and 0.05g of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide; heating to 65 ℃, reacting for at least three hours, and adding 0.05g of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is discharged and sent into a vacuum drying chamber for vacuum drying at 40 ℃; and after the drying is finished, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
Test example 1
A polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan type water-retaining agent was used as a control, and a water absorption multiple test was performed with the water-retaining agents obtained by the components and preparation methods in the above examples 3 and 7.
Adopting a mesh bag method: firstly, 1.00g of water-retaining agent is put into excessive standard hard water and is swelled for half an hour; then transferring the hydrogel into gauze for filtering until no water drops, and then transferring the hydrogel of the water-retaining agent into a beaker for weighing; the test was repeated three times and averaged, and the test results are shown in table 1: the comparison shows that the water absorption times of the water retention agent can be effectively increased by introducing the soybean polysaccharide into the water retention agent.
TABLE 1 Water absorption Capacity of Water-retaining Agents
Name (R) | Example 3 | Example 7 | Control sample |
Multiple of water absorption | 466 | 442 | 425 |
Test example 2
The water-retaining agent obtained by the components and the preparation method in the embodiment 3 is used for drought resistance and stress resistance tests.
Firstly, uniformly mixing sand and sandy loam according to the ratio of 1:2 to obtain soil for testing. The soil for the test was then placed in pots, 2kg of soil per pot. Meanwhile, selecting red-color strawberry plants with good and consistent growth vigor as test plants.
1g of example 3 was taken up 300g of clear water and the absorbed gel was placed in a pot of soil:
then transplanting a red strawberry plant to a flowerpot as a test sample A;
transplanting a red strawberry plant into a flowerpot, and pouring clear water with the same amount as the test sample A to serve as a blank sample;
putting a red strawberry plant into a flowerpot, and pouring clear water and mesoporous carbon nanospheres which are equal to the test sample A into the flowerpot as a control sample 1;
a red strawberry plant was placed in a flowerpot, and the same amount of clear water and 2, 4-epibrassinolide as that of test sample A was poured as control sample 2.
1g of polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan-soybean polysaccharide water-retaining agent absorbs 300g of clear water, the gel after water absorption is placed in a pot of soil, and then a red strawberry plant is transplanted to a flowerpot as a control 3.
Mixing the mesoporous carbon nanospheres and the polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan-soybean polysaccharide water-retaining agent in equal proportion to the test sample A, taking 1g of the mixed solution to absorb 300g of clear water, placing the absorbed gel in a pot of soil, and then transplanting a red strawberry plant to a flowerpot as a control sample 4.
1g of polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan-soybean polysaccharide water-retaining agent was allowed to absorb 300g of clear water containing 2, 4-epibrassinolide in an amount equivalent to that of test sample A, the absorbed gel was placed in soil in a pot, and a red strawberry plant was transplanted into a flowerpot as control sample 5.
A red strawberry plant is poured into a flowerpot, and clear water and mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide which are equal to the test sample A are poured into the flowerpot to serve as a control sample 6.
Mixing mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide and a polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan-soybean polysaccharide water-retaining agent in equal proportion to a test sample A, taking 1g of the mixture to absorb 300g of clear water, placing the absorbed gel in a pot of soil, and then transplanting a red strawberry plant to a flowerpot as a control sample 7.
And selecting three rain sheltering test points. After each test point, 20 pots of each sample are placed for a fixed time, the survival rate of the red strawberry plants is used as the evaluation standard of the drought resistance and stress resistance, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Red strawberry plant survival rate
Sample (I) | Set for 21d |
Assay A survival/%) | 78.3 |
Blank survival/%) | 3.3 |
Control 1 survival/%) | 1.7 |
Control 2 survival/The | 18.3 |
Control 3 survival% | 41.7 |
Control 4 survival% | 43.3 |
Control 5 survival/%) | 56.6 |
Control 6 survival% | 26.6 |
Control 7 survival% | 65.0 |
It should be noted that: survival rate is 100% of surviving strains per total strains, and the survival rates of the three test points are averaged. The test environment temperature is 22-31 ℃, and the relative humidity is 40-70%.
As can be seen from table 2:
(1) it can be concluded from comparison between control 1 and control 2 that the mesoporous carbon nanoball itself does not improve the survival rate.
(2) By adding 2, 4-epibrassinolide to control 2, it can be seen that the survival rate is improved from 1.7 to 18.3 by adding 2, 4-epibrassinolide compared with control 1, and the survival rate can be improved to a certain extent.
As can be seen by comparing control 3, control 4 and control 5, the survival rates of 41.7% and 43.3% were increased to 56.6% by adding 2, 4-epibrassinolide.
Therefore, the survival rate can be effectively improved after the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is added.
(3) Compared with the control sample 2 and the control sample 6, the survival rate of the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide is higher after the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is directly added compared with the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide.
Therefore, the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide can be obtained, and the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is slowly released, so that the stress resistance of plants can be improved.
(4) It can be seen from the comparison sample 6 and the comparison sample 7 that by simply mixing the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide with the polyacrylic acid-acrylamide-konjac glucomannan-soybean polysaccharide type water-retaining agent, the stress resistance of the plants is better improved than that of the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide alone.
Finally, the comparison between the reference sample 7 and the test sample A shows that the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide are sealed in the water-retaining agent resin, so that the release control of the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is enhanced, and the mesoporous carbon nanospheres are cooperated with the characteristics of the water-retaining agent resin to further improve the drought resistance and stress resistance of crops.
The above embodiments are further illustrative of the present invention, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter is limited to the above embodiments. All the technologies realized based on the above contents belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the preparation is prepared from the following components:
acrylic acid, acrylamide, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide which are used as basic water-retaining materials;
mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 2, 4-epibrassinolide;
potassium hydroxide;
an initiator;
a crosslinking agent;
deionized water.
2. The water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining agent comprises the following components: the initiator is potassium persulfate, and the cross-linking agent is N, N-methylene bisacrylamide.
3. The water-retaining agent for enhancing stress tolerance as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the mesoporous carbon nanosphere loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide, 6 percent of the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is loaded on the mesoporous carbon nanosphere in percentage by weight.
4. The water-retaining agent for enhancing stress tolerance as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the water-retaining agent comprises, by weight, 15-30 parts of potassium hydroxide, 30-60 parts of acrylic acid, 10-50 parts of acrylamide, 5-15 parts of konjac glucomannan, 5-15 parts of soybean polysaccharide, 0.1-1 part of potassium persulfate, 0.05-0.2 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-0.05 part of mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with 6% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide and 300 parts of deionized water.
5. A preparation method of the water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance of claim 3 or 4 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving potassium hydroxide in part of deionized water to prepare a potassium hydroxide solution;
s2, dissolving acrylic acid in the rest deionized water, and neutralizing the acrylic acid solution with a potassium hydroxide solution;
s3, adding acrylamide, konjac glucomannan and soybean polysaccharide, after the materials are completely dissolved, sequentially adding potassium persulfate and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for at least 3H;
s4, putting the mesoporous carbon nanospheres loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide;
s5, after being mixed uniformly, discharging and sending into a vacuum drying chamber, and carrying out vacuum drying at 40 ℃;
and S6, after drying, crushing by using a crusher to obtain a finished product.
6. The water-retaining agent for enhancing stress resistance and the preparation method thereof according to claim 5, wherein the water-retaining agent comprises the following components: the mesoporous carbon nanosphere loaded with the 2, 4-epibrassinolide is prepared by adopting the following method: firstly, 1 part by mass of mesoporous carbon nanospheres is put into 80 parts by mass of 2mg/mL 2, 4-epibrassinolide solution, and stirred for 24 hours; centrifuging, filtering, separating precipitate, washing with phosphate buffer solution, and vacuum drying at 30 deg.C to obtain the final product.
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