CN112739869B - 耐腐蚀线缆 - Google Patents

耐腐蚀线缆 Download PDF

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CN112739869B
CN112739869B CN201980059944.7A CN201980059944A CN112739869B CN 112739869 B CN112739869 B CN 112739869B CN 201980059944 A CN201980059944 A CN 201980059944A CN 112739869 B CN112739869 B CN 112739869B
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cable
wires
core
strands
corrosion resistance
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CN112739869A (zh
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尤金·约翰·菲斯克
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Leggett and Platt Canada Co
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    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0693Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
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    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
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    • D07B1/0673Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
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    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
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Abstract

一种线缆,包括:芯部,该芯部具有由碳钢制成多根第一线材;和多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围芯部。每一根绞合线包括由不锈钢制成的多根第二线材。该线缆具有小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸。

Description

耐腐蚀线缆
技术领域
本公开涉及线缆,并且更特别是涉及用于在窗户调节器系统中使用的线缆。
背景技术
汽车玻璃调节器系统中使用的金属线缆通常对拉伸强度、抗紧弯曲疲劳性和耐腐蚀性有很高要求。另外,由于典型车门板内部的可用空间有限,所以这些线缆必须相对较细(例如,直径或最大横截面尺寸小于2毫米)并且是柔性的。
耐腐蚀性通常根据美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)测试B117以小时为单位进行测量。根据ASTM B117,测试样品被放置在密闭室中并且暴露于持续的重盐水雾或薄雾的喷雾中。测试样品的测得的耐腐蚀性是在测试样品开始明显腐蚀之前所经过的时间。根据ASTMB117,典型窗户调节器线缆具有在约144小时至约312小时之间的耐腐蚀性。这些线缆通常由镀覆碳钢线材制成,该镀覆碳钢线材具有镀锌涂层,以及在绞合线缆时在线材之间施加的润滑剂。然而,锌涂层相对较软,并且在组装、运输和使用期间可能容易损坏,从而导致性能下降。
期望提供比典型窗户调节器线缆更耐腐蚀的线缆,但是更大耐腐蚀性通常与诸如厚度、拉伸强度和抗疲劳性的其它要求形成对抗。例如,完全由不锈钢制成的线缆具有较高耐腐蚀性,但缺乏适于用作窗户调节器线缆的足够拉伸强度和抗疲劳性。此外,实际中不能增加镀覆碳钢线缆上的锌涂层的厚度以提供312小时以上的耐腐蚀性,同时又落在线缆的整体厚度、强度和柔性的要求内。
因此,需要一种具有改进耐腐蚀性的线缆,该线缆以适于在汽车窗户调节器系统中使用的厚度来维持足够强度、抗疲劳性和柔性。
发明内容
—方面,本公开提供了一种线缆,该线缆包括:芯部,该芯部具有由碳钢制成的多根第一线材;以及多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围芯部。每一根绞合线包括由不锈钢制成的多根第二线材。该线缆具有小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸。
另一方面,本公开提供了一种线缆,该线缆包括:芯部,该芯部具有多根第一线材;以及多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围芯部。每一根绞合线包括多根第二线材。线缆限定小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸,并且具有至少2000牛顿的断裂强度。另外,在断裂强度的约60%的拉伸载荷下,线缆弹性地伸长其总长度的小于1%,并且线缆塑性地伸长其总长度的小于0.05%。根据ASTM B117,线缆具有大于312小时的耐腐蚀性。
另一方面,一种窗户调节器系统包括:轨道;滑架,该滑架联接至轨道,用于沿着轨道移动;窗户,该窗户联接至滑架,用于与滑架一起沿者轨道移动;以及线缆,该线缆联接至滑架。该线缆包括:芯部,该芯部具有由碳钢制成的多根第一线材;和多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围芯部,每一根绞合线具有由不锈钢制成的多根第二线材。窗户调节器系统还包括马达,该马达联接至线缆并且能够操作以经由线缆使滑架沿着轨道移动。线缆的最大横截面尺寸小于2毫米,并且线缆具有至少2000牛顿的断裂强度。
通过考虑详细描述和附图,本公开的其它方面将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是窗户调节器系统的透视图,在该窗户调节器系统中可以实施本公开方面的线缆。
图2是根据本公开一个实施例的线缆的横截面图。
图3是根据本公开另一个实施例的线缆的横截面图。
在详细解释本公开的任何实施例之前,应理解,本公开的应用不限于在以下描述中阐述或在附图中示出的构造细节和部件布置。本公开内容能够支持其它实施例并且能够以各种方式被实践或执行。
具体实施方式
图1示出了窗户调节器系统10,该窗户调节器系统10包括轨道14、滑架18、马达22和线缆26。窗户30被固定到滑架18,并且滑架18(响应于马达22的操作)可沿轨道14移动,以升高和降低窗户30。线缆26将马达22与滑架18互连。在所示实施例中,线缆26布置成单个回路,其中第一部段34和第二部段38从马达22沿大致相反方向延伸。第一部段34布设在第一滑轮42上,该第一滑轮42将线缆26的第一部段34沿着轨道14向下重定向。第一部段34终止于远端46,该远端46固定到滑架18。第二部段38布设在第二滑轮50上,该第二滑轮42将第二部段38沿着轨道14向上重定向。第二部段38终止于远端54,远端54同样固定到滑架18。在其它实施例中,可以使用任何数量的滑轮或其它线缆布设装置以其它方式(例如,以8字形图案)布置或布设线缆26。在一些实施例中,线缆26可以被收容在套管内。
在使用中,马达在第一方向上被驱动,以将线缆26的第一部段34朝向马达22拉动,而第二部段38远离马达22移动。这使滑架18沿着轨道14向上移动,从而升高窗户30。马达22反转将线缆26的第二部段38朝向马达22拉动,而第一部段34远离马达22移动。这使滑架18沿着轨道14向下移动,从而降低窗户30。
图2示出了根据本公开一个实施例的线缆126。线缆126可用于窗户调节器系统(例如,作为图1的窗户调节器系统10的线缆26)。然而应理解,线缆126也可以有利地用在其它应用中。例如,线缆126可以用作束带线缆,或用于期望高强度、抗疲劳性和耐腐蚀性的其它汽车或非汽车应用中。
所示的线缆126包括:芯部128;和多根绞合线132,所述多根绞合线132包围并卷绕在芯部128周围。芯部128包括多根第一线材136,并且每一根绞合线132包括多根第二线材140。在所示的实施例中,芯部包括十九根第一线材136,而线缆126包括八根绞合线132,每一根绞合线132具有七根第二线材140。在其它实施例中,第一线材136、绞合线132和/或第二线材140的数量可以变化。线缆126具有小于两毫米的最大横截面尺寸D,使得线缆126足够细以适于用在窗户调节器系统中。在所示实施例中,线缆126的尺寸D为约1.5毫米。如在尺寸D的情况下所使用的,词语“约”意指在±0.05毫米的公差内。
继续参考图2,第一线材136由镀覆碳钢制成。例如,第一线材136可以由碳含量在0.4重量%至0.9重量%之间的60B型碳钢制成,并且第一线材136可以用锌以每平方米至少15克的涂层重量来镀覆。第二线材140由未涂覆不锈钢制成。例如,第二线材140可以由SAE304系列不锈钢制成。可替代地,可以使用其它类型的奥氏体不锈钢。如本文中所使用的,词语“未涂覆”意指没有涂层被结合至各个第二线材140。然而,在第二线材140上可以存在润滑剂,并且线缆126可以被完全覆盖在套管或护套中。在所示实施例中,芯部128包括包围第一线材136的塑料涂层。该塑料涂层可以是聚酰胺、聚乙烯或适于在芯部128与周围绞合线132之间形成蒸汽屏障层的任何其它塑料材料。在芯部128的组装期间,塑料涂层可施加到芯部128的各个第一线材136上(例如,被挤出到各个线材136上),或者可以涂覆整个芯部128。
不锈钢绞合线132比芯部128具有更高耐腐蚀性,因此保护芯部128免受腐蚀。塑料涂层在芯部128和绞合线132之间形成蒸汽屏障层,以防止水分渗透到芯部128中,这进一步提高了线缆126的耐腐蚀性。与绞合线132的不锈钢材料相比,芯部128的碳钢材料更强固(即,具有更高拉伸强度)且更抗疲劳。
图3示出了根据本公开另一个实施例的线缆226。类似于图2的线缆126,图3的线缆226可用于图1的窗户调节器系统10,但也可有利地用在其它应用中。线缆226类似于线缆126,并且线缆226中与线缆126的特征和元件相对应的特征和元件被赋予类似附图标记加上‘100’。
所示的线缆226包括:芯部228;和多根绞合线232,所述多根绞合线232包围并卷绕在芯部228周围。芯部228包括多根第一线材236,并且每一根绞合线232包括多根第二线材240。在所示实施例中,芯部包括十九根第一线材236,并且线缆226包括八根绞合线232,每一根绞合线232具有七根第二线材240。在其它实施例中,第一线材236、绞合线232和/或第二线材240的数量可以变化。第一线材236由碳钢制成。例如,第一线材236可以由碳含量在0.4重量%至0.9重量%之间的60B型碳钢制成。在一些实施例中,第一线材236可以由包围每一根单独线材236的锌铝涂层以每平方米至少15克的涂层重量来镀覆。可替代地,第一线材236可以包括包围每一根单独线材236的锌镍涂层。第二线材240由未涂覆不锈钢制成。例如,第二线材240可以由SAE 304系列不锈钢制成。可替代地,可以使用其它类型的奥氏体不锈钢。芯部228不像线缆126的芯部128那样包括塑料涂层。线缆226具有小于两毫米的最大横截面尺寸D,使得线缆226足够细以适于用在车窗调节器系统中。在所示的实施例中,线缆226的尺寸D为约1.5毫米。
不锈钢绞合线232比芯部228具有更高的耐腐蚀性,因此保护芯部228不受腐蚀。每一根第一线材236上的锌镍涂层保护芯部228免受可渗入到绞合线232之间的任何水分影响。与绞合线232的不锈钢材料相比,芯部228的碳钢材料更强固(即,具有更高拉伸强度)且更抗疲劳。
对线缆126、226进行了实验测试,这证实了线缆126、226的耐腐蚀性优于典型窗户调节器线缆的耐腐蚀性。测试了线缆126、226的耐久性(即,抗疲劳性)、断裂强度、耐腐蚀性、弹性伸长率和塑性伸长率。为了测试耐久性,线缆126、226经受了160牛顿(N)的拉伸载荷,并以每分钟六次(或循环)、200mm的行进距离来回移动。记录失效之前的循环次数。为了测试断裂强度,线缆126、226经受了逐渐增加的拉伸载荷,直到失效。根据ASTM B117中规定的程序来测试耐腐蚀性。通过向线缆126、226施加1560N的拉伸载荷,并将每一根线缆126、226的弹性伸长率测量为该线缆126、226的起始长度(即,在加载之前)的百分比,来测试弹性伸长率(或弹力)。通过从线缆126、226上去除1560N的拉伸载荷,并将每一根线缆126、226的起始长度与每一根线缆126、226的终止长度(即,卸载荷后)之间的差测量为每一根线缆126、226的起始长度的百分比,来测试塑性伸长率(或可塑性)。这些测试结果汇总在下表1中:
表1:线缆实验测试数据
线缆126 线缆226
耐久性循环 13,063 13,666
最小断裂强度 2,532N 2,599N
耐腐蚀性(按照ASTM B117) 1,000小时 600小时
弹性伸长率(1560N拉伸载荷) 0.86% 0.91%
塑性伸长率(1560N拉伸载荷) 0.04% 0.03%
从表1中的数据可以明显看出,线缆126和226具有大于2,000N的最小断裂强度,并且在一些实施例中,线缆126和226具有大于2500N的断裂强度。表1中的数据还表明,线缆126和226均具有大于13,000次耐久性循环的抗疲劳性。另外,在相应的线缆126、226的断裂强度的约60%的拉伸载荷下,每一根线缆126、226的弹性伸长率小于其总长度的1%,并且在相应的线缆126、226的断裂强度约60%的拉伸载荷下,每一根线缆126、226的塑性伸长率小于总长度的0.05%。最后,线缆126在ASTM B117下表现出1,000小时的耐腐蚀性,并且线缆226在ASTM B117下表现出600小时的耐腐蚀性。
在所附权利要求中阐述了本公开的各种特征。

Claims (20)

1.一种线缆,包括:
芯部,所述芯部包括由碳钢制成的多根第一线材;和
多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围所述芯部,并且每一根绞合线包括由不锈钢制成的多根第二线材,
其中,所述线缆具有小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸,并且
其中,所述线缆具有至少2000牛顿的断裂强度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,根据ASTM B117,所述线缆具有大于312小时的耐腐蚀性。
3.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,根据ASTM B117,所述线缆具有在600小时至1000小时之间的耐腐蚀性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述多根第一线材包括十九根第一线材。
5.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述多根第二线材包括七根第二线材。
6.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述多根第一线材中的每一根第一线材包括锌镍涂层,并且其中,所述多根第二线材中的每一根线材是未涂覆的。
7.根据权利要求6所述的线缆,其中,所述芯部包括塑料湿气屏障层,所述塑料湿气屏障层包围所述多根第一线材中的每一根第一线材。
8.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述多根绞合线包括八根绞合线。
9.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,在所述线缆的断裂强度的约60%的拉伸载荷下,所述线缆弹性地伸长所述线缆的总长度的小于1%,并且所述线缆塑性地伸长所述线缆 的总长度的小于0.05%。
10.一种线缆,包括:
芯部,所述芯部包括多根第一线材;和
多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围所述芯部,每一根绞合线包括多根第二线材,
其中,所述多根第一线材包括十九根第一线材,其中,所述多根第二线材包括七根第二线材,并且其中,所述多根绞合线包括八根绞合线,
其中,所述线缆限定小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸,
其中,所述线缆具有至少2000牛顿的断裂强度,
其中,在所述断裂强度的约60%的拉伸载荷下,所述线缆弹性地伸长所述线缆的总长度的小于1%,并且所述线缆塑性地伸长所述线缆的总长度的小于0.05%,并且
其中,根据ASTM B117,所述线缆具有大于312小时的耐腐蚀性。
11.根据权利要求10所述的线缆,其中,根据ASTM B117,所述线缆具有在600小时至1000小时之间的耐腐蚀性。
12.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述多根第一线材中的每一根第一线材由具有锌镍涂层的碳钢制成,并且其中,所述多根第二线材中的每一根第二线材由未涂覆的不锈钢制成。
13.根据权利要求10所述的线缆,其中,所述芯部包括塑料湿气屏障层。
14.根据权利要求10所述的线缆,其中,所述线缆的最大横截面尺寸为约1.5毫米。
15.一种窗户调节器系统,包括:
轨道;
滑架,所述滑架联接到所述轨道,用于沿着所述轨道移动;
窗户,所述窗户联接到所述滑架,用于与所述滑架一起沿着所述轨道移动;
线缆,所述线缆联接到所述滑架,所述线缆包括:
芯部,所述芯部具有由碳钢制成的多根第一线材,以及
多根绞合线,所述多根绞合线包围所述芯部,每一根绞合线具有由不锈钢制成的多根第二线材;以及
马达,所述马达联接到所述线缆,并且所述马达能够操作以经由所述线缆使所述滑架沿着所述轨道移动,
其中,所述线缆具有小于2毫米的最大横截面尺寸,并且
其中,所述线缆具有至少2000牛顿的断裂强度。
16.根据权利要求15所述的窗户调节器系统,其中,根据ASTM B117,所述线缆具有大于312小时的耐腐蚀性。
17.根据权利要求15所述的窗户调节器系统,
其中,所述多根第一线材包括十九根第一线材,
其中,所述多根第二线材包括七根第二线材,
其中,所述多根绞合线包括八根绞合线,并且
其中,所述多根第二线材中的每一根第二线材是未涂覆的。
18.根据权利要求17所述的窗户调节器系统,其中,所述芯部包括塑料湿气屏障层。
19.根据权利要求15所述的窗户调节器系统,其中,所述断裂强度是至少2500牛顿。
20.根据权利要求1所述的线缆,其中,所述断裂强度是至少2500牛顿。
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