CN112737032A - Control method and control device for battery charging and terminal - Google Patents
Control method and control device for battery charging and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN112737032A CN112737032A CN202011598673.3A CN202011598673A CN112737032A CN 112737032 A CN112737032 A CN 112737032A CN 202011598673 A CN202011598673 A CN 202011598673A CN 112737032 A CN112737032 A CN 112737032A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical field of battery charging, and provides a battery charging control method, a control device, a terminal and a computer-readable storage medium. The battery comprises more than two lithium battery cells connected in series; the control method comprises the following steps: monitoring the battery voltage; when the voltage of the battery is not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode; when the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than the preset constant current charging highest voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode; and when the voltage of the battery is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage, the battery is charged in a later period in a third charging mode. The invention is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery charging, and particularly relates to a battery charging control method, a control device, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
At present, with the ever-growing market and the ever-perfecting technology of lithium batteries, the cost of the lithium batteries is greatly reduced, and a large number of lithium batteries are put into use in various power equipment.
Since lead-acid batteries are widely used in the market, the corresponding battery charging control method is also for lead-acid batteries, for example, a common charging control method of uniform charging and then floating charging; however, lithium batteries have different characteristics from lead-acid batteries, and the existing charging control mode is not suitable for lithium batteries, and even seriously affects the service life of the lithium batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, a device, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium for controlling battery charging, so as to solve the problem that the existing charging control method is not suitable for a lithium battery, and even seriously affects the service life of the lithium battery.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling battery charging, where a battery includes two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, and the method includes:
monitoring the battery voltage;
when the voltage of the battery is not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode;
when the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than the preset constant current charging highest voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode;
when the voltage of the battery is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage, the battery is charged in a later period in a third charging mode;
the first charging mode, the second charging mode and the third charging mode are charging modes for charging the battery by controlling charging current, and the charging current controlled in different charging modes is different;
wherein the pre-charge maximum voltage is less than the constant current charge maximum voltage; the charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, and the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference.
Based on the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the pre-charging the battery in the first charging mode when the battery voltage is not greater than a preset pre-charging maximum voltage includes:
when the voltage of the battery is not more than a preset first pre-charging voltage, performing constant-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first charging current;
when the battery voltage is not less than the first pre-charging voltage and not more than the pre-charging highest voltage, performing variable-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first variable charging current, wherein the magnitude of the first variable charging current is positively correlated with the battery voltage, the minimum value of the first variable charging current is the first charging current, and the first charging current is numerically smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery.
Based on the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the performing constant-current charging on the battery in the second charging mode includes:
and carrying out constant current charging on the battery by using a second charging current, wherein the second charging current is not smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery in value.
Based on the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the performing, when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage, the post-charging on the battery in a third charging mode includes:
when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than a preset first later-stage charging voltage, carrying out variable-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a second variable charging current;
when the battery voltage is greater than the first later-stage charging voltage and not greater than a preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a third charging current;
wherein the magnitude of the second varying charging current is inversely related to the battery voltage, and the minimum value of the second varying charging current is the third charging current.
Based on the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage, performing the post-charging on the battery in a third charging mode further includes: and when the battery voltage is not less than the trickle charge voltage, trickle charging the battery by using a third charge current, and when the trickle charging meets a preset condition, stopping charging the battery.
Based on the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the trickle charging the battery with the third charging current includes: and charging the battery for a preset time length at a third charging current at preset time intervals.
In a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the stopping charging the battery when the trickle charge meets a preset condition includes:
stopping charging the battery when a specified trickle charge number is reached; and performing trickle charge on the battery for a preset time period by using the third charging current as a trickle charge time.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device for charging a battery, the battery including two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, the control device including:
a battery voltage monitoring unit for monitoring a battery voltage;
the pre-charging unit is used for pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is not greater than a preset pre-charging highest voltage;
the constant current charging unit is used for performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than a preset constant current charging highest voltage;
the later charging unit is used for carrying out later charging on the battery in a third charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the highest constant-current charging voltage;
the first charging mode, the second charging mode and the third charging mode are charging modes for charging the battery by controlling charging current, and the charging current controlled in different charging modes is different;
wherein the lowest charging voltage, the pre-charging highest voltage, the constant current charging highest voltage less than the constant current charging voltage and the trickle charging voltage are sequentially increased; the charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, and the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a terminal, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the method for controlling battery charging according to any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of controlling charging of a battery according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention monitors the battery voltage; when the voltage of the battery is not less than the lowest charging voltage of the battery and not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode; when the voltage of the battery is greater than the highest pre-charge voltage and not greater than the preset highest constant-current charging voltage, performing constant-current charging on the battery in a second charging mode; and when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than the preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-voltage later-period charging on the battery in a third charging mode. The charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference, and the battery is charged by controlling different charging currents in different charging stages, so that the influence of the overlarge pressure difference of each lithium battery cell on the service life of the battery is reduced, the intelligent charging management of the lithium battery is realized, the lithium battery works more stably, and the lithium battery has a longer life cycle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cell balance curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an implementation of a method for controlling battery charging according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for charging a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description is made by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a single cell (single cell) equalization curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the single cell equalization curve is obtained at a 1C charging current.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the 1C charging current is 1 time of the current of the nominal capacity of the battery, for example, for the battery with the nominal capacity of 2600 milliampere hours (mAh), the current of 1 time of the nominal capacity of the battery is 2600mA, and the battery can be fully charged in 1 hour.
As shown in fig. 1, the left ordinate is the cell voltage (from 2.8V to 3.6V), and the right ordinate is the single-cell maximum-minimum voltage value (from 0V to 400V); the upper curve represents the voltage corresponding to a plurality of lithium battery cells and can be roughly divided into three stages, wherein the voltage curves of the lithium battery cells in the second stage (middle part) are concentrated and even overlapped together, and the voltage difference of the lithium battery cells is small or even equal; the curves of the first stage (the left rising part) and the third stage (the right rising part) are separated from each other compared with the middle part, and the curves show that certain voltage difference exists between the voltages of the lithium battery cells. The lower curve is the corresponding cell voltage differential pressure line.
From the cell voltage difference line shown in fig. 1, it can be seen that:
first, under charging conditions, when the cell voltage of the battery reaches 3.2V, the cell voltage difference is within 50mV, which is in a downward trend.
Secondly, when the voltage of the battery monomer is 3.2V to 3.4V, the monomer differential pressure is within 50mV, the balance is better, and the battery is suitable for large-current charging.
Thirdly, after the cell voltage of the battery reaches 3.4V, the cell voltage difference is slowly amplified, and in this case, the larger the charging current is, the larger the single-cell voltage difference is.
The battery charging design is carried out based on the battery monomer equilibrium curve and the three conclusions obtained according to the curve, and the provided charging control method is more suitable for the battery characteristics and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the battery.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the method for controlling battery charging provided by the present invention, the battery refers to a lithium battery pack or a lithium battery pack, and includes two or more lithium battery cells connected in series.
Referring to fig. 2, it shows a flowchart of an implementation of the control method for battery charging according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is detailed as follows:
in step 201, monitoring the battery voltage;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery voltage, that is, the voltage of the battery to be charged, needs to be monitored first, so that the corresponding charging mode can be adapted according to the current battery voltage.
In an embodiment of the invention, the monitored battery voltage may be a voltage of a lithium battery pack or a lithium battery pack, e.g. for a lithium battery pack comprising 5 lithium battery cells connected in series, the monitored battery voltage corresponds to the sum of the voltages of the 5 lithium battery cells.
In step 202, when the battery voltage is not greater than the preset highest pre-charge voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode;
in the embodiment of the invention, the charging stage corresponding to the first charging mode represents the charging stage in which the voltage difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than the specified voltage difference, the charging stage is currently in the stage when the battery voltage is monitored to be not greater than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, and the charging stage is not suitable for charging with large current, so that the battery can be controlled to be slowly charged with small current by adopting small charging current, the voltage difference among the lithium battery cells is reduced, and the influence of the voltage difference on the service life of the lithium battery cells is reduced.
Optionally, step 202 may include:
when the voltage of the battery is smaller than the preset lowest charging voltage, outputting alarm information for indicating the damage of the battery;
and when the voltage of the battery is not less than the preset lowest charging voltage and not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, a lowest charging voltage can be set, that is, for a lithium battery, if the battery voltage is monitored to be too low, the battery is damaged, and the battery is not charged, so that when the battery voltage is monitored to be lower than the preset lowest charging voltage, the battery can not be charged any more.
For example, in one embodiment, for a lithium iron phosphate battery, when the voltage of the lithium battery cell is less than 2V, it can be considered that the battery is damaged, and then, the minimum charging voltage may be set to 2V multiplied by the number of the lithium battery cells, for example, for a lithium battery pack including 5 lithium battery cells connected in series, the minimum charging voltage may be set to 10V. The battery is charged when the monitored battery voltage is not less than the minimum charging voltage. Otherwise, a battery damage warning indication may be output.
In an alternative embodiment, the step 202 may include:
when the voltage of the battery is not more than a preset first pre-charging voltage, performing constant-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first charging current;
when the battery voltage is not less than the first pre-charging voltage and not more than the pre-charging highest voltage, performing variable-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first variable charging current, wherein the magnitude of the first variable charging current is positively correlated with the battery voltage, the minimum value of the first variable charging current is the first charging current, and the first charging current is numerically smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery.
In this embodiment, the first charging mode may be further divided into two charging phases, and the dividing boundary may be defined by the first precharge voltage.
The first stage in the first charging mode is a stage in which the current capacity of the battery is basically 0, and because the battery has poor balance and is not suitable for large-current charging, constant-current pre-charging can be performed by adopting a first charging current (low current);
the second stage in the first charging mode may be that when the current capacity of the battery reaches about 3% -6% of the nominal capacity, the charging current may be increased slowly and properly, and the variable-current pre-charging is performed by using the first variable charging current.
In one example, the first charging current may be 0.05C, i.e., a current corresponding to 0.05 times the nominal capacity of the battery. The first varying charge current may be a varying current gradually increasing from 0.05C to 1C.
In this embodiment, the first pre-charge voltage is used to divide two charging stages in the first charging mode, and according to the characteristic curve shown in fig. 1, the first pre-charge voltage may be specifically 2.7V for a lithium battery cell, and for a battery including two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, the first pre-charge voltage may be 2.7V for the number of lithium battery cells.
In step 203, when the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charge highest voltage and not greater than a preset constant current charge highest voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the charging stage corresponding to the second charging mode indicates a charging stage in which the voltage difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than a specified voltage difference, and indicates that the charging stage is currently in the stage when it is monitored that the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than a preset constant-current charging highest voltage, and the voltage difference between each lithium battery cell in the stage is not large, and large-current charging may be adopted to increase the charging speed.
In the embodiment of the invention, a constant current charging highest voltage can be set, when the voltage of the battery is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and is not greater than the preset constant current charging highest voltage, the battery is subjected to constant current charging in a second charging mode, in the stage, the voltages of the battery monomers are basically balanced, and at the moment, the lithium battery supports large current charging, so that the constant current charging can be carried out by adopting larger current.
In this embodiment, according to the characteristic curve of fig. 1, the maximum constant current charging voltage may be set to 3.4V for the lithium battery cells, and the first pre-charging voltage may be 3.4V × the number of lithium battery cells for the battery including two or more lithium battery cells connected in series.
Optionally, in step 203, the performing constant-current charging on the battery in the second charging mode may include: and carrying out constant current charging on the battery by using a second charging current, wherein the second charging current is not smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery in value.
At this stage, the second charging current may be a current corresponding to the nominal capacity of the battery, i.e., a 1C current.
And in step 204, when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage, performing post-charging on the battery in a third charging mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the charging stage corresponding to the third charging mode represents the charging stage in which the voltage difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than the specified voltage difference, the charging stage is currently in the stage when the battery voltage is monitored to be greater than the maximum voltage of the constant-current charging, and the charging stage is not suitable for large-current charging, so that the battery can be controlled to be slowly charged by small current with small charging current, the voltage difference among the lithium battery cells is reduced, and the influence of the voltage difference on the service life of the lithium battery cells is reduced.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the step 204 may include:
when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than a preset first later-stage charging voltage, carrying out variable-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a second variable charging current;
when the battery voltage is greater than the first later-stage charging voltage and not greater than a preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a third charging current;
wherein the magnitude of the second varying charging current is inversely related to the battery voltage, and the minimum value of the second varying charging current is the third charging current.
At this stage, since the battery voltage rises to be higher than the highest constant-current charging voltage, the single-cell voltage balance of the battery slowly begins to drift away, and if the battery is still charged with a large current, imbalance of the battery is likely to occur, so that the charging current of the battery needs to be adjusted downward at this time, and the charging current at this stage is less than 1 time of the current corresponding to the nominal capacity of the battery (i.e. less than 1C).
In the present embodiment, the trickle charge voltage may be set to 3.52V by the number of lithium battery cells according to the characteristic curve of fig. 1 described above.
In this embodiment, the third charging mode may be further divided into two charging phases, and the dividing limit may be defined by the first late-stage charging voltage.
In this embodiment, a second variable charging current may be used for variable-current late-stage charging, where the variable charging current is a charging current that gradually decreases.
The second stage in the third charging mode can be a stage that the current capacity of the battery reaches a full state, the single-core voltage of the battery is unbalanced at the moment, and the battery management system can start the equalizing circuit, so that the charging current cannot be too large at the moment, otherwise, the equalizing circuit has limited power, the single-core voltage of the battery cannot be equalized in time, and therefore, the constant current charging is carried out by adopting a small current.
In one example, the second varying charge current may be a current gradually decreasing from 1C to 0.05C, and the third charge current may be a current of 0.05C; the first late-stage charging voltage may be 3.45V by the number of lithium battery cells.
Optionally, in an embodiment, in step 204, the performing, when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage, the post-charging the battery in the third charging mode may further include:
and when the battery voltage is not less than the trickle charge voltage, trickle charging the battery by using a third charge current, and when the trickle charging meets a preset condition, stopping charging the battery.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the minimum charging voltage, the precharge maximum voltage, the constant-current charging maximum voltage, and the trickle charging voltage are sequentially increased.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the battery voltage reaches the trickle charge voltage, the battery can be trickle charged, so that the equalization circuit of the battery management system is set to have equalization time, and finally, the lithium battery is fully charged.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the charging current of the trickle charge may be a current of 0.05C. Optionally, in an embodiment, in the step 204, the trickle charging the battery with the third charging current includes: and charging the battery for a preset time length at a third charging current at preset time intervals.
In the present embodiment, the trickle charge is performed in a cycle of a plurality of times at a predetermined time interval and a predetermined trickle charge time period, and for example, the battery may be charged at a current of 0.05C for 5 minutes every 15 minutes, and the cycle may be performed in a plurality of times.
Optionally, in an embodiment, in the step 204, the stopping charging the battery when the trickle charge meets a preset condition may include:
stopping charging the battery when a specified trickle charge number is reached; and performing trickle charge on the battery for a preset time period by using the third charging current as a trickle charge time.
In this embodiment, after trickle charging a plurality of times, the battery will enter a sleep mode, i.e., no battery charging will occur. The reason is that the voltage of the battery at the tail end of the lithium battery is unbalanced, and if the uniform charging voltage of 3.52V is hung for a long time, the battery is inevitably charged, so that the battery is unbalanced. After the battery enters the dormancy, because the battery self-discharge and the battery management system both can consume the battery electric quantity, the battery can be awakened and recharged by judging the detection of the battery capacity/the battery voltage/the dormancy time and the like.
From the above, the present invention monitors the battery voltage; when the voltage of the battery is not less than the lowest charging voltage of the battery and not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode; when the voltage of the battery is greater than the highest pre-charge voltage and not greater than the preset highest constant-current charging voltage, performing constant-current charging on the battery in a second charging mode; and when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than the preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-voltage later-period charging on the battery in a third charging mode. The charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference, and the battery is charged by controlling different charging currents in different charging stages, so that the influence of the overlarge pressure difference of each lithium battery cell on the service life of the battery is reduced, the intelligent charging management of the lithium battery is realized, the lithium battery works more stably, and the lithium battery has a longer life cycle.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the invention, reference being made to the corresponding method embodiments described above for details which are not described in detail therein.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for charging a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the battery includes two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, and the battery charging control device 3 includes: a battery voltage monitoring unit 31, a pre-charging unit 32, a constant current charging unit 33, and a post-charging unit 34.
A battery voltage monitoring unit 31 for monitoring a battery voltage;
the pre-charging unit 32 is used for pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit 31 monitors that the battery voltage is not greater than a preset pre-charging highest voltage;
the constant current charging unit 33 is configured to perform constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit 31 monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and is not greater than a preset constant current charging highest voltage;
the later charging unit 34 is used for carrying out later charging on the battery in a third charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit 31 monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage;
the first charging mode, the second charging mode and the third charging mode are charging modes for charging the battery by controlling charging current, and the charging current controlled in different charging modes is different;
wherein the lowest charging voltage, the pre-charging highest voltage, the constant current charging highest voltage less than the constant current charging voltage and the trickle charging voltage are sequentially increased; the charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, and the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference.
Optionally, the pre-charging unit 32 may include a constant current pre-charging unit and a variable current pre-charging unit;
the constant-current pre-charging electronic unit is used for pre-charging the battery at a constant current by using a first charging current when the voltage of the battery is not greater than a preset first pre-charging voltage;
the variable-current pre-charging electronic unit is used for carrying out variable-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first variable charging current when the battery voltage is not less than the first pre-charging voltage and not more than the pre-charging highest voltage, wherein the magnitude of the first variable charging current is positively correlated with the battery voltage, the minimum value of the first variable charging current is the first charging current, and the first charging current is numerically smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery.
Optionally, the constant current charging unit 33 is specifically configured to perform constant current charging on the battery with a second charging current, where the second charging current is not smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery in value.
Optionally, the later charging unit 34 includes a variable-current later charging subunit and a constant-current later charging subunit;
the current-converting later-stage charging subunit is used for performing current-converting later-stage charging on the battery by using second variable charging current when the battery voltage is greater than the constant-current charging highest voltage and not greater than a preset first later-stage charging voltage;
the constant-current later-stage charging subunit is used for performing constant-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a third charging current when the battery voltage is greater than the first later-stage charging voltage and not greater than a preset trickle charging voltage;
wherein the magnitude of the second varying charging current is inversely related to the battery voltage, and the minimum value of the second varying charging current is the third charging current.
Optionally, the later charging unit 34 may further include a trickle charging electronic unit, configured to perform trickle charging on the battery with a third charging current when the battery voltage is not less than the trickle charging voltage, and stop charging the battery when the trickle charging meets a preset condition.
Optionally, the trickle charge electronic unit is specifically configured to, when the battery voltage is not less than the trickle charge voltage, perform trickle charge on the battery for a preset time duration at preset time intervals by using a third charge current.
Optionally, the trickle charge subunit is further specifically configured to stop charging the battery when a specified trickle charge number is reached; and performing trickle charge on the battery for a preset time period by using the third charging current as a trickle charge time.
From the above, the present invention monitors the battery voltage; when the voltage of the battery is not less than the lowest charging voltage of the battery and not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode; when the voltage of the battery is greater than the highest pre-charge voltage and not greater than the preset highest constant-current charging voltage, performing constant-current charging on the battery in a second charging mode; and when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than the preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-voltage later-period charging on the battery in a third charging mode. The charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference, and the battery is charged by controlling different charging currents in different charging stages, so that the influence of the overlarge pressure difference of each lithium battery cell on the service life of the battery is reduced, the intelligent charging management of the lithium battery is realized, the lithium battery works more stably, and the lithium battery has a longer life cycle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the terminal 4 of this embodiment includes: a processor 40, a memory 41 and a computer program 42 stored in said memory 41 and executable on said processor 40. The processor 40 executes the computer program 42 to implement the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the control method for charging the battery, such as the steps 201 to 204 shown in fig. 2. Alternatively, the processor 40, when executing the computer program 42, implements the functions of the units in the device embodiments described above, such as the functions of the units 31 to 34 shown in fig. 3.
Illustratively, the computer program 42 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 41 and executed by the processor 40 to implement the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution of the computer program 42 in the terminal 4. For example, the computer program 42 may be divided into a battery voltage monitoring unit, a pre-charging unit, a constant current charging unit and a post-charging unit, each unit functioning specifically as follows:
a battery voltage monitoring unit for monitoring a battery voltage;
the pre-charging unit is used for pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is not greater than a preset pre-charging highest voltage;
the constant current charging unit is used for performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than a preset constant current charging highest voltage;
and the later charging unit is used for carrying out later charging on the battery in a third charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the highest constant-current charging voltage.
The terminal 4 may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server, or other computing devices. The terminal may include, but is not limited to, a processor 40, a memory 41. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 4 is only an example of a terminal 4 and does not constitute a limitation of terminal 4 and may include more or less components than those shown, or some components in combination, or different components, for example, the terminal may also include input output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The Processor 40 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 41 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal 4, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal 4. The memory 41 may also be an external storage device of the terminal 4, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card) and the like provided on the terminal 4. Further, the memory 41 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the terminal 4. The memory 41 is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The memory 41 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus/terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain other components which may be suitably increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media which may not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals in accordance with legislation and patent practice.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling charging of a battery, the battery including two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, the method comprising:
monitoring the battery voltage;
when the voltage of the battery is not more than the preset highest pre-charging voltage, pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode;
when the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than the preset constant current charging highest voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode;
when the voltage of the battery is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage, the battery is charged in a later period in a third charging mode;
the first charging mode, the second charging mode and the third charging mode are charging modes for charging the battery by controlling charging current, and the charging current controlled in different charging modes is different;
wherein the pre-charge maximum voltage is less than the constant current charge maximum voltage; the charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, and the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein pre-charging the battery in the first charging mode when the battery voltage is not greater than a pre-set pre-charge maximum voltage comprises:
when the voltage of the battery is not more than a preset first pre-charging voltage, performing constant-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first charging current;
when the battery voltage is not less than the first pre-charging voltage and not more than the pre-charging highest voltage, performing variable-current pre-charging on the battery by using a first variable charging current, wherein the magnitude of the first variable charging current is positively correlated with the battery voltage, the minimum value of the first variable charging current is the first charging current, and the first charging current is numerically smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery.
3. The method of controlling battery charging according to claim 1, wherein said constant current charging the battery in the second charging mode comprises:
and carrying out constant current charging on the battery by using a second charging current, wherein the second charging current is not smaller than the nominal capacity of the battery in value.
4. The method for controlling battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the post-charging the battery in the third charging mode when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage comprises:
when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant-current charging voltage and not greater than a preset first later-stage charging voltage, carrying out variable-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a second variable charging current;
when the battery voltage is greater than the first later-stage charging voltage and not greater than a preset trickle charging voltage, performing constant-current later-stage charging on the battery by using a third charging current;
wherein the magnitude of the second varying charging current is inversely related to the battery voltage, and the minimum value of the second varying charging current is the third charging current.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of charging the battery in the third charging mode when the battery voltage is greater than the maximum constant current charging voltage further comprises:
and when the battery voltage is not less than the trickle charge voltage, trickle charging the battery by using a third charge current, and when the trickle charging meets a preset condition, stopping charging the battery.
6. The method of controlling battery charging according to claim 5, wherein said trickle charging the battery with the third charging current comprises:
and charging the battery for a preset time length at a third charging current at preset time intervals.
7. The method for controlling battery charging according to claim 6, wherein the stopping of the battery charging when the trickle charge meets a preset condition includes:
stopping charging the battery when a specified trickle charge number is reached; and performing trickle charge on the battery for a preset time period by using the third charging current as a trickle charge time.
8. A control device for charging a battery, the battery including two or more lithium battery cells connected in series, the control device comprising:
a battery voltage monitoring unit for monitoring a battery voltage;
the pre-charging unit is used for pre-charging the battery in a first charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is not greater than a preset pre-charging highest voltage;
the constant current charging unit is used for performing constant current charging on the battery in a second charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the pre-charging highest voltage and not greater than a preset constant current charging highest voltage;
the later charging unit is used for carrying out later charging on the battery in a third charging mode when the battery voltage monitoring unit monitors that the battery voltage is greater than the highest constant-current charging voltage;
the first charging mode, the second charging mode and the third charging mode are charging modes for charging the battery by controlling charging current, and the charging current controlled in different charging modes is different;
wherein the lowest charging voltage, the pre-charging highest voltage, the constant current charging highest voltage less than the constant current charging voltage and the trickle charging voltage are sequentially increased; the charging stages corresponding to the first charging mode and the third charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is greater than a specified pressure difference, and the charging stages corresponding to the second charging mode represent charging stages in which the pressure difference of each lithium battery cell is not greater than the specified pressure difference.
9. A terminal comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in said memory and executable on said processor, characterized in that said processor implements the steps of the method for controlling the charging of a battery as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for controlling the charging of a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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