CN112731784A - Static optical scanning tilt holographic system and implementation method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0443—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/10—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using modulated reference beam
- G03H1/12—Spatial modulation, e.g. ghost imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H2001/0208—Individual components other than the hologram
- G03H2001/0224—Active addressable light modulator, i.e. Spatial Light Modulator [SLM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0443—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
- G03H2001/0452—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means arranged to record an image of the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static optical scanning tilt holographic system and a realization method, belonging to the technical field of optical digital holographic imaging, and comprising a laser, a small hole, a first lens, a first polaroid, a beam splitter, a spatial light modulator, a second polaroid, a polarization beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, a rotating platform, an object, a second lens, a photoelectric detector and a computer; the spatial light modulator is adopted to replace a two-dimensional scanning device in the traditional OSH, so that the stability of the system is improved, the noise in the hologram recording process caused by the vibration of the two-dimensional scanning device is eliminated, and the reconstruction quality of the hologram is improved; the rotating table is added, so that a larger sampling interval can be realized to record the light information of the off-axis object, and the effect of reducing the sampling time under the condition of the same reconstruction hologram quality is achieved; the invention has simple integral system structure, convenient and fast data processing and wide application prospect in the fields of optical holographic microscopy, three-dimensional object recognition, optical remote sensing, medical imaging and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical holographic imaging, and particularly belongs to a static optical scanning tilt holographic system and an implementation method thereof.
Background
Optical Scanning Holography (OSH), as a special digital holography technique, can achieve incoherent real-time recording, and holographic information of a three-dimensional object can be obtained by performing one-time two-dimensional optical scanning on an object. OSH can effectively avoid the problems of twin images, zero-order spots and the like in the traditional holography, has the characteristics of good real-time performance, high resolution and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of optical holographic microscopy, three-dimensional object recognition, optical remote sensing, medical imaging and the like.
However, the conventional OSH requires an interferometer, a two-dimensional scanning device and a frequency shifter to first obtain a Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP) varying with time and to scan a three-dimensional object thereby, which complicates an optical setup, and the two-dimensional scanning device may increase noise of hologram recording due to the influence of mechanical vibration during scanning. In addition, as more pixel points are to be recorded, the scanning time will be longer.
The document "Coaxial scanning holography" proposes a Coaxial scanning holographic system, which generates a scanning beam pattern through a geometric phase lens without separating an optical path, but a two-dimensional scanning device is reserved, so that some noise is inevitably generated in the hologram recording process, and the imaging quality of object reconstruction is affected.
The document "optical scanning holographic technique without mechanical motion scanning" proposes an improved optical scanning holographic device, which still uses the traditional mach-zehnder interferometer of OSH as the basic architecture, the structure is more complicated, and the scanning time will increase due to the increase of the recorded pixel points.
The document "motion less optical scanning holography" proposes an improved optical scanning holographic system, which utilizes the polarization sensitivity of a spatial light modulator to solve the device complexity problem of the traditional OSH, but still avoids the problem that the scanning time will increase with the increase of the recording pixel points under the same condition.
The literature "Optical Scanning Tilt Holography" proposes a new scheme of Optical Scanning Holography, which can record off-axis object light by using a larger sampling interval, and solves the problem that the Scanning time can increase along with the increase of recording pixel points under the same condition. The device in the scheme still uses the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of the traditional OSH as a basic framework, and keeps the structure of the two-dimensional scanning device to be more complex, so that the noise recorded by the hologram is increased, and the quality of the reconstructed image is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a static optical scanning tilt holography realization method, which solves the defects in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a static optical scanning tilt holographic system, comprising: the device comprises a laser 1, a small hole 2, a first lens 3, a first polaroid 4, a beam splitter 5, a spatial light modulator 6, a second polaroid 7, a polarization beam splitter 8, a quarter-wave plate 9, a rotating platform 10, an object 11, a second lens 12, a photoelectric detector 13 and a computer 14.
The direction of an optical axis of emergent light of the laser 1 is consistent with the center of the small hole 2, the small hole 2 is arranged between the first lens 3 and the laser 1, and the distance between the small hole 2 and the first lens 3 is the focal length of the first lens 3. The first polaroid 4 and the beam splitter 5 are positioned at two sides of the first lens 3, and the spatial light modulator 6 is vertically arranged in the direction of the transmitted light of the beam splitter 5; the second polaroid 7 is positioned between the beam splitter 5 and the polarization beam splitter 8, the quarter-wave plate 9 is arranged between the polarization beam splitter 8 and the rotating platform 10, the object 11 is arranged on the rotating platform 10, the second lens 12 is positioned on two sides of the polarization beam splitter 8 and the electric detector 13, and the electric detector 13 is connected with the computer 14.
The invention relates to a static optical scanning tilt holography implementation method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: parallel light emitted by the laser 1 is modulated into divergent spherical waves after passing through the small hole 2, the spherical light beams form plane waves after passing through the first lens 3, and the plane waves can be modulated into diagonal polarization plane waves after passing through the first polarizing film 4.
Step 2: the linearly polarized plane wave irradiates the spatial light modulator 6 after passing through the beam splitter 5, and the spatial light modulator 6 only modulates the polarization state in the horizontal or vertical direction to generate plane wave and spherical wave with orthogonal polarization states. The light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 6 forms interference fringes through the beam splitter 5 and the second polarizer 7, and the p-wave completely passing through the polarization beam splitter 8 becomes a scanning light beam with circular polarization state to scan the object 10 after passing through the quarter-wave plate 9.
And step 3: the spherical phase distributions are sequentially displayed to the spatial light modulator 6, and each spherical phase distribution has different phases and spatial offset, so that the aim of scanning a three-dimensional object by moving a scanning beam is fulfilled.
And 4, step 4: the turntable 10 is rotated to tilt the scanning beam at a certain angle with respect to the object axis, thereby realizing recording of off-axis object light with a larger sampling interval. The light reflected from the object is modulated into s-wave by the quarter-wave plate 9, the s-wave target light is totally reflected by the polarization beam splitter 8 and converged on the photodetector 13 by the second lens 12, and the data recorded on the plane of the photodetector 13 is single-pixel hologram information. The hologram data recorded by the photodetector 13 is transmitted to the computer 14 to remove unnecessary components from the hologram using digital image processing techniques, thereby improving the quality of the reproduced image.
Compared with the prior art, the gain effect of the invention is as follows:
1. the spatial light modulator replaces a two-dimensional scanning device, so that the stability of the system is improved, the noise in the hologram recording process caused by the vibration of the two-dimensional scanning device is eliminated, and the reconstruction quality of the hologram is improved.
2. The off-axis object light information can be recorded by using a larger sampling interval, and the effect of reducing the sampling time under the condition of the same reconstruction hologram quality is achieved.
3. The whole simplified traditional OSH optical system has the advantages of convenient and quick data processing and simple structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanned beam pattern of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an oblique scanning beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a model of an object to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 5(1) and (2) are a simulated hologram and a reconstruction model map without tilt scanning according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 6(1) and (2) are a simulated hologram and a reconstruction model diagram scanned at an angle of 45 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a laser 1, a small hole 2, a first lens 3, a first polaroid 4, a beam splitter 5, a spatial light modulator 6, a second polaroid 7, a polarization beam splitter 8, a quarter-wave plate 9, a rotating platform 10, an object 11, a second lens 12, a photoelectric detector 13 and a computer 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, reference numerals in the drawings denote: the device comprises a laser 1, a small hole 2, a first lens 3, a first polaroid 4, a beam splitter 5, a spatial light modulator 6, a second polaroid 7, a polarization beam splitter 8, a quarter-wave plate 9, a rotating platform 10, an object 11, a second lens 12, a photoelectric detector 13, a computer 14 and an object axis a. Wherein the optical axis direction of emergent light of the laser 1 keeps the same with the center of the small hole 2, the small hole 2 is arranged between the first lens 3 and the laser 1, and the distance between the small hole 2 and the first lens 3 is the focal length of the first lens 3. The first polaroid 4 and the beam splitter 5 are positioned at two sides of the first lens 3, and the spatial light modulator 6 is vertically arranged in the direction of the transmitted light of the beam splitter 5; the second polarizer 7 is located between the beam splitter 5 and the polarizing beam splitter 8. The quarter wave plate 9 is arranged between the polarization beam splitter 8 and the rotating platform 10, the object 11 is arranged on the rotating platform 10, the second lens 12 is arranged on two sides of the polarization beam splitter 8 and the photoelectric detector 13, and the photoelectric detector 13 is connected with the computer 14.
The invention relates to a static optical scanning tilt holography implementation method, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): parallel light emitted by the laser 1 is modulated into divergent spherical waves after passing through the small hole 2, the spherical light beams form plane waves after passing through the first lens 3, and the plane waves can be modulated into diagonal polarization plane waves after passing through the first polarizing film 4.
Step (2): the linear polarization plane wave irradiates the spatial light modulator 6 after passing through the beam splitter 5, and the spatial light modulator 6 modulates the polarization state in the vertical direction to generate plane wave and spherical wave with orthogonal polarization states. The light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 6 forms interference fringes through the beam splitter 5 and the second polarizer 7, and the p-wave completely passing through the polarization beam splitter 8 becomes a scanning light beam with circular polarization state to scan the object 10 after passing through the quarter-wave plate 9.
Specifically, the expressions for modulating the horizontal and vertical components of the generated plane waves with orthogonal polarization states are:
P＝A1#
wherein A is1And A2Respectively representing the amplitude of the horizontal and vertical components, j being the unit of an imaginary number, k0In terms of the wave number, the number of waves,
for the offset phase shift amount, x and y denote the offset phase shift, respectively
Z is the light wave propagation direction.
The interference fringe expression on the object plane formed by the light waves on the two components after being transmitted by the second polaroid 7 is shown as
And (3): the spherical phase distributions are sequentially displayed to the spatial light modulator 6, and each spherical phase distribution has different phases and spatial offset, so that the aim of scanning a three-dimensional object by moving a scanning beam is fulfilled.
In particular, when the phase shift is
And the spatial offsets in the x and y directions are Δ x and Δ y, respectively, the scanning beam interference fringes are expressed as:
and (4): the turntable 10 is rotated to tilt the scanning beam at a certain angle with respect to the object axis, thereby realizing recording of off-axis object light with a larger sampling interval. The light reflected from the object is modulated into s-wave by the quarter-wave plate 9, the s-wave target light is totally reflected by the polarization beam splitter 8 and converged on the photodetector 13 by the second lens 12, and the data recorded on the plane of the photodetector 13 is single-pixel hologram information. The hologram data recorded by the photodetector 13 is transmitted to the computer 14 to remove unnecessary components in the hologram using a four-step phase shift algorithm to improve the quality of the reproduced image.
Specifically, the light after scanning the object 11 includes the relevant information of the object to be measured, and the current signal output as the current signal with the holographic information after being collected by the photodetector 13 is:
where l, w and h represent the length, width and depth, respectively, of the three-dimensional object, Γ0(x, y; z) represents the complex optical field of the object 11.
The reconstruction holographic information obtained by the calculation of the four-step phase shift algorithm is as follows:
wherein i0、iπ、
Respectively representing the offset phase shift amounts
Taking 0 percent,
Pi and
hologram information of time.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the manner in which the invention is practiced, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specifically recited statements and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A static optical scanning tilt holographic system, comprising: the device comprises a laser 1, a small hole 2, a first lens (3), a first polaroid (4), a beam splitter (5), a spatial light modulator (6), a second polaroid (7), a polarization beam splitter (8), a quarter-wave plate (9), a rotary table (10), an object (11), a second lens (12), a photoelectric detector (13) and a computer (14);
the direction of an optical axis of emergent light of the laser (1) is consistent with the center of the small hole (2), the small hole (2) is arranged between the first lens (3) and the laser (1), the distance between the small hole (2) and the first lens (3) is the focal length of the first lens (3), the first polaroid (4) and the beam splitter (5) are positioned on two sides of the first lens (3), and the spatial light modulator (6) is vertically arranged in the direction of transmitted light of the beam splitter (5); the second polaroid (7) is located beam splitter (5) with between polarization beam splitter (8), quarter wave plate (9) are arranged in polarization beam splitter (8) with between revolving stage (10), place revolving stage (10) in on object (11), second lens (12) are located polarization beam splitter (8) with the both sides of electric detector (13), photoelectric detector (13) with computer (14) are connected.
2. A static optical scanning tilt holography realization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: parallel light emitted by the laser passes through the small hole and is modulated into divergent spherical waves, the spherical light beams pass through the first lens to form plane waves, and the plane waves can be modulated into diagonal polarization plane waves through the first polarizing film;
step 2: the linear polarization plane wave irradiates the spatial light modulator after passing through the beam splitter, the spatial light modulator modulates the polarization state in the vertical direction to generate plane wave and spherical wave with orthogonal polarization states, the light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator passes through the beam splitter and the second polaroid to form interference fringes, and the p wave which completely passes through the polarization beam splitter becomes a scanning light beam scanning object with a circular polarization state after passing through a quarter-wave plate;
specifically, the expressions for modulating the horizontal and vertical components of the generated plane waves with orthogonal polarization states are:
P＝A1#
wherein A is1And A2Respectively representing the amplitude of the horizontal and vertical components, j being the unit of an imaginary number, k0In terms of the wave number, the number of waves,
for the offset phase shift amount, x and y denote the offset phase shift, respectively
Z is the light wave propagation direction;
the expression of interference fringes formed on an object plane after light waves on the two components are transmitted by the second polaroid is as follows:
and step 3: the spherical phase distributions are sequentially displayed to a spatial light modulator, and each spherical phase distribution has different phases and spatial offset, so that the aim of scanning a three-dimensional object by moving a scanning beam is fulfilled;
in particular, when the phase shift is
And the spatial offsets in the x and y directions are Δ x and Δ y, respectively, the scanning beam interference fringes are expressed as:
and 4, step 4: rotating the rotating platform to enable the scanning beam to incline a certain angle relative to the object axis, realizing the purpose of recording off-axis object light by using a larger sampling interval, modulating the light reflected from the object into s-wave by a quarter-wave plate, completely reflecting the s-wave target light by a polarization beam splitter and converging the s-wave target light on a photoelectric detector by a second lens, wherein the data recorded by the plane of the photoelectric detector is single-pixel hologram information, transmitting the hologram data recorded by the photoelectric detector to a computer 14 to eliminate unnecessary components in the hologram by using a digital image processing technology, so as to improve the quality of a reproduced image;
specifically, the light after scanning the object includes the relevant information of the object to be measured, and the current signal output as the current signal with the holographic information after being collected by the photodetector is as follows:
wherein l, w and h represent the length, width and depth, Γ, respectively, of a three-dimensional object0(x, y; z) represents the complex optical field of the object 11.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the direction of the optical axis of the laser emergent light in step 1 is consistent with the center of the aperture.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first polarizer is rotated at an angle of 45 ° with respect to its optical axis in step 1, so that the plane wave is modulated into a diagonally polarized plane wave by the first polarizer.
5. A static optical scanning slant holographic implementation method according to claim 1,
the scanning beam in step 2 is formed by the second polarizer through the diagonal linear polarized light.
6. The implementation method of static optical scanning slant holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein said moving scanning beam in step 3 is implemented by sequentially loading interference fringes with spherical phase distribution by spatial light modulator.
7. The implementation method of static optical scanning slant holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation angle of the rotation stage in step 4 can be precisely controlled.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113325683A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-31 | 昆明理工大学 | Off-axis scanning holographic three-dimensional target real-time joint transformation recognition system and method |
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| JPS5872121A (en) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-04-30 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Optical scanning device |
| CN101015446A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2007-08-15 | 北京理工大学 | 3-D high-definition mammary gland imager |
| US20190064737A1 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-02-28 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Optical modulation method, optical modulation device and holographic display apparatus |
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