CN112730083B - Simulation system and experimental method for regulating and controlling segment staggering by using rebate - Google Patents
Simulation system and experimental method for regulating and controlling segment staggering by using rebate Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 92
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation system for regulating and controlling a segment staggering by using a concave-convex tenon, which comprises a model unit, a segment staggering simulation unit, a displacement monitoring unit and a concave-convex tenon regulating and controlling unit; the model unit comprises a shield tunnel model formed by splicing a plurality of segment models; the segment staggering simulation unit comprises a staggering simulation device; the displacement monitoring unit comprises a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices arranged on the shield tunnel model; compared with the prior art, the simulation system provided by the invention can simulate and use a mechanism for regulating and controlling the dislocation of the pipe piece by using the concave-convex tenons, thereby providing reference and effective suggestion for regulating and controlling the dislocation of the pipe piece by using the concave-convex tenons, and effectively avoiding the problems of pipe piece fragmentation and leakage caused by the dislocation of the pipe piece. In addition, the invention also provides an experimental method of the simulation system for regulating and controlling the segment staggering by using the concave-convex tenons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a simulation system and an experimental method for regulating and controlling segment staggering by using a concave-convex tenon.
Background
Along with the promotion of urban progress in China, subway construction rapidly develops, and shield tunnels are widely applied to urban subways. The segment structure is an important structure of the shield tunnel, but the shield segment inevitably generates a dislocation problem due to various reasons such as improper excessive control on the segment, improper control of the stroke difference of the shield jack and the like. The segment staggering is a phenomenon that intrados surface between adjacent segments of the same ring or between adjacent segments of the ring is uneven after the segments are assembled, the former is called a circumferential staggering, the latter is called a longitudinal staggering, and the longitudinal staggering of the segments accounts for about 90% of all segment staggering in actual engineering. The segment staggering is extremely easy to cause segment cracking and leakage, the segment cracking not only can reduce the waterproof performance of a tunnel, but also can reduce the stress performance of a segment structure, influence the engineering quality, and bring great economic and safety risks to the construction operation of subways. Therefore, the problem of longitudinal dislocation of the segment in the shield tunnel is a problem that must be properly dealt with. The most effective method for solving the problem of longitudinal dislocation of shield segments is to increase the shearing strength between rings, and the shearing strength between rings can be effectively increased by arranging the concave-convex tenons between the segment rings. If the regulation and control mechanism of the longitudinal staggering of the tenons and the pipe pieces can be mastered, the occurrence of pipe piece fragmentation and leakage caused by the longitudinal staggering of the pipe pieces can be effectively avoided by utilizing the tenons and the tenons, so that the regulation and control mechanism of the longitudinal staggering of the tenons and the pipe pieces can be obtained, reliable technical suggestions and data support are provided for the splicing construction of the tenoned shield pipe pieces, and the technology is an important task to be solved in the construction process of the tenoned pipe pieces.
In the prior art, most of projects are implemented in shield construction, a post-wall high-pressure grouting mode is adopted according to actual conditions to eliminate segment dislocation, but the post-wall high-pressure grouting has very weak regulation and control effects on the longitudinal dislocation of the segment, the economic cost is high, and the quality after grouting is difficult to guarantee. In addition, part of engineering adopts a finite element modeling for analysis, but the finite element analysis method is quite strong in theory and cannot replace the actual shield segment staggering condition, technical parameters are often introduced manually, and the reference significance and the application value are not great, so that a laboratory system is needed to simulate the segment staggering process and the segment staggering process of the concave-convex tenon regulation and control in the actual engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, a regulating mechanism of a concave-convex tenon structure to a longitudinal dislocation of a shield segment cannot be obtained in advance in the assembly construction process of the shield tunnel segment, so that reference and effective suggestions cannot be provided for regulating the longitudinal dislocation of the shield segment by the concave-convex tenons, and further the problems of segment fragmentation, leakage and the like caused by the dislocation of the segment cannot be prevented, and provides a simulation system for regulating the dislocation of the segment by the concave-convex tenons. The invention also provides an experimental method of the simulation system for regulating and controlling the segment staggering by using the concave-convex tenons.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
The simulation system for regulating and controlling the segment staggering by using the rebate comprises a model unit, a segment staggering simulation unit, a displacement monitoring unit and a rebate regulating and controlling unit, wherein: the model unit comprises a shield tunnel model formed by splicing a plurality of segment models; the segment staggering simulation unit comprises a staggering simulation device, wherein the staggering simulation device comprises a blowing device, and when in use, the blowing device is controlled to blow air to the shield tunnel model so as to simulate the segment staggering state; the displacement monitoring unit comprises a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices arranged on the shield tunnel model; the concave-convex tenon regulating and controlling unit comprises a concave tenon, a convex tenon groove, a push rod and a connecting hole, wherein the concave tenon and the convex tenon groove are respectively arranged at the two ends of each segment model, the connecting hole is respectively formed in each segment model, the opening ends of the two ends of the connecting hole are respectively formed in the bottom of the concave tenon and the bottom surface of the convex tenon groove, one end of the push rod sequentially penetrates through the concave tenon and the connecting hole in a sliding manner, the end of the push rod is arranged in the convex tenon groove, the convex tenon is arranged at the end part of the push rod, which is positioned in the convex tenon groove, and the concave tenon and the convex tenon between two adjacent segment models are mutually matched.
The simulation system comprises a model unit, a segment staggering simulation unit, a displacement monitoring unit and a segment staggering regulation unit, wherein the model unit simulates the splicing construction condition of the shield tunnel, the segment staggering simulation unit simulates the segment staggering state of the shield tunnel, the segment staggering regulation unit is used for realizing the regulation control of the segment longitudinal staggering in the shield tunnel, the displacement monitoring system is used for measuring the longitudinal staggering quantity before and after regulation, and the regulation mechanism of the segment longitudinal staggering is revealed by analyzing measured data, so that reference and effective suggestion are provided for the segment staggering regulation of the segment by the segment staggering, and the segment fragmentation and leakage problems caused by the segment longitudinal staggering are effectively avoided. According to the technical scheme, the tenons and the tenons are arranged at two ends of the duct piece model, the tenons are located in the tenons and can slide along the tenons, the tenons are used for simulating the tenons between duct piece rings in actual construction, longitudinal staggering of the duct pieces is regulated and controlled, the connecting holes are located on the annular bottom surfaces of the tenons and the tenons of the duct piece model in pairs, the push rods penetrate through the connecting holes, the front ends of the push rods are free, and the rear ends of the push rods are connected with the tenons. The concave-convex tenon structure of the technical scheme can increase the shearing strength between the rings, thereby eliminating the dislocation quantity of the segment and realizing the regulation and control of the longitudinal dislocation of the shield segment. In addition, the lengths of the tenons can be selected according to actual conditions, when the device is used, tenons with different lengths can be provided by adjusting the pushing quantity of the initial push rod, the regulation and control effects of the tenons with different lengths on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece are obtained, the analysis of the regulation and control mechanism of the tenons on the longitudinal dislocation of the pipe piece under various conditions is facilitated, and more comprehensive and wide data reference is obtained; therefore, the longitudinal staggering condition of the regulating and controlling segments of the tenons with different lengths is simulated, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
Further, the model unit further comprises a model base, a model frame, a wind shield and a lifting rope, wherein the model base is a rectangular flat plate, the model frame is of a cuboid structure welded above the model base, the wind shield is fixed on four side faces of the model frame, two ends of the lifting rope are respectively connected with a shield tunnel model and the top of the model frame, two fixing frames are symmetrically arranged in the model frame and are used for supporting the bottom of the shield tunnel model; the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a ventilation pipe and a blowing device, the ventilation pipe is arranged below the shield tunnel model, one end of the ventilation pipe is communicated with an air outlet of the blowing device, the other end of the ventilation pipe is opened towards the bottom of the shield tunnel model, and the ventilation pipe is used for blowing air to the shield tunnel model through an opening end located below the shield tunnel model.
According to the technical scheme, the model frame is fixed on the model base, the segment models are assembled and then erected on the fixing frame, the situation that the actual shield tunnel segment is assembled is simulated, each segment of segment model is hoisted on two long sides at the top of the model frame through the lifting ropes, the ventilation pipe is arranged below the segment model, the blower is started to blow air to the bottom of the segment model at a constant speed through the ventilation pipe after the wind shield is installed, the segment model is lifted under the action of wind force, the condition of segment staggering is simulated in the shield segment construction process, the shearing strength between rings is increased through the concave-convex tenon structure, the segment staggering quantity is eliminated, the longitudinal staggering of the shield segment is regulated and controlled, the concave-convex tenon length of the scheme can be selected according to the actual condition, the longitudinal staggering condition of segment of the concave-convex tenon regulating segment with different lengths is simulated, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
Further, the segment staggering simulation unit further comprises a frequency converter for adjusting the wind speed of the blowing device, the ventilation pipe comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of auxiliary air pipes, the lower ends of the auxiliary air pipes are communicated with the main air pipe, one ends of the main air pipes are communicated with the air outlet of the blowing device, the upper ends of the auxiliary air pipes are open and extend upwards, and a control valve for adjusting the air outlet is further arranged at the upper ends of the auxiliary air pipes.
This technical scheme sets up the vice tuber pipe of a plurality of lower extreme and main tuber pipe intercommunication, utilizes a plurality of vice tuber pipes to blow to the section of jurisdiction model of difference in the shield tunnel model, simulates different effect of blowing, and in addition, control valve also can select whole or the part to open vice tuber pipe, makes the effect of blowing of ventilation pipe more various, and the flexibility is stronger, and application scope is extensive. When simulating the segment staggering phenomenon of different projects, different wind speeds and wind output are provided by adjusting the frequency converter and the control valve corresponding to the segment, so that different wind pressures are provided, and the relatively real segment staggering phenomenon is simulated.
Further, the model unit further comprises an annular frame sleeved on the outer side of the shield tunnel model, a plurality of rows of opening groups are formed in the side wall of the annular frame along the axial direction of the annular frame, each row of opening groups corresponds to one segment model, and each row of opening groups comprises a plurality of first through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular frame; a plurality of elastic units are arranged between the inner side wall of the annular frame and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model; the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a plurality of air injection units which are distributed in each first through hole one by one.
In actual tunnel construction, the pressure born by the shield tunnel is required to be at a plurality of angles along the circumferential direction, so that the ring-shaped frame is arranged outside the shield tunnel model, and the shield tunnel model is circumferentially coated by the ring-shaped frame. In addition, a plurality of jet units that circumference set up can simulate the pressure of a plurality of points that shield tunnel model circumference received, and set up the elastic element and simulate shield tunnel model and receive external pressure on the annular frame when its circumference receives the displacement change that the power produced, can simulate the power and the corresponding change that shield tunnel circumference received in the actual tunnel construction through the setting of elastic element and jet unit on the annular frame, have reference meaning to tunnel construction more, effectively avoid the cracked, the emergence of seepage problem of section of jurisdiction because of the vertical wrong platform of section of jurisdiction leads to.
Further, the elastic unit includes first press plate, sets up the resilience piece between first press plate and annular frame inside wall, the resilience piece includes first fixed plate, second fixed plate, depression bar, first spring, second spring, third spring, first preforming, second preforming and connecting rod, first fixed plate and second fixed plate are fixed on the annular frame, and first fixed plate and second fixed plate are located between annular frame and shield tunnel model, and the second fixed plate is located between first fixed plate and the annular frame, depression bar one end sets up on the surface that first press plate is close to annular frame inside wall, and the depression bar other end activity runs through first fixed plate and extends to annular frame inside wall, and first preforming sets up at depression bar free end tip, overlaps on the lateral wall that the depression bar is located between first fixed plate and the first preforming to be equipped with the second preforming, and the first spring cover is established on the depression bar, and first spring both ends set up respectively on first preforming and second preforming, are equipped with the second spring between first preforming and annular frame inside wall, and second movable plate are equipped with the second spring and third spring cover between first spring and third preforming, and third movable plate are equipped with the second preforming.
The inventor finds that, because tunnel construction is performed in perforation, in actual construction, the dislocation of the pipe sheet is greatly related to the density of the shield tunnel and the outer layer soil layer, in the gradual change process of the dislocation of the pipe sheet, as the soil layer is extruded by the deformed pipe sheet, the density of the soil layer is increased, and the interaction force of the deformed pipe sheet and the soil layer is also gradually increased, so that in the simulation process of the dislocation of the shield tunnel, the simulation of the change process is also important. Therefore, this technical scheme has set up the resilience piece that has three springs, when the resilience piece received the extrusion, three springs can produce the deformation of different states, and during the use, first press board pushes down and drives the depression bar and push down, and along with the depression bar pushes down, first spring is stretched, and the second spring is compressed, and the third spring is because third preforming downstream makes its upper segment tensile, and the lower segment compresses, and the deformation of three springs all can produce the resistance to the push down of depression bar, and the resistance increases along with the stroke that the depression bar pushed down is bigger. When the pressure of the shield tunnel is received, the force generated by huge shield tunnel volume is also very large, but in the actual construction process, the change generated by the soil layer is continuously tiny, if a single elastic structure is adopted to set up and hardly meets the application scene, and the elastic structure is easy to damage and can not be reused, therefore, the technical scheme is provided with a multi-nested rebound structure, because the multi-elastic structure is arranged when the pressure is received, the generated deformation can be controlled in a smaller range, the deformation and reset process is more stable, the long-term test requirement can be met, the force and the corresponding change of the shield tunnel circumference in the actual tunnel construction can be simulated, the method has more reference significance on the tunnel construction, and the problems of segment fracture and leakage caused by segment longitudinal dislocation can be effectively avoided.
It should be noted that, in this technical scheme, first fixed plate and second fixed plate can be through connecting plate or connecting rod isotructure and annular frame fixed connection in order to realize the fixed state of first fixed plate and second fixed plate.
Further, the elastic unit further comprises a second pressing plate, a first supporting piece, a second supporting piece and a rotating supporting unit, wherein the second pressing plate is arranged between the first pressing plate and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model, the first supporting piece is arranged between the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate, the first supporting piece comprises an air spring, two symmetrically arranged first supporting rods and two symmetrically arranged telescopic rods, each telescopic rod comprises an inner rod and an outer sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the inner rod, mutually matched threads are arranged on the outer side wall of the inner rod and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, the inner rods of the two telescopic rods are respectively hinged with the two first supporting rods one by one, a connecting block is rotatably connected to the end part of the outer sleeve, far away from the inner rod, of the connecting block is hinged to the surface of the second pressing plate, and two ends of the air spring are respectively arranged at the hinged positions of the two first supporting rods and the two telescopic rods; a second through hole is formed in the first pressing plate along the radial direction of the shield tunnel model, a bearing concentric with the second through hole is arranged in the second through hole, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the second through hole, a threaded hole concentric with the second through hole and an annular chute are formed in the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing, and a third through hole is formed in the bottom surface of one end of the annular chute; a screw rod matched with the threaded hole is arranged on one side of the second pressing plate, which is close to the first pressing plate; the second support piece comprises a second support rod with one end arranged on the inner side wall of the annular frame, the other end of the second support rod extends towards the first pressing plate, the end part of the second support rod, which is close to the first pressing plate, is in contact with the first pressing plate, and when the second support piece is used, the end part of the screw rod enters the threaded hole and drives the threaded hole to rotate until the end part of the second support rod enters the third through hole.
The inventor also finds that in the actual construction process, a tiny gap between the shield tunnel and the soil layer caused by construction is also an important reason for generating a segment dislocation, and how to simulate the segment dislocation caused by the gap is also an important problem. According to the technical scheme, the second pressing plate, the first supporting piece, the second supporting piece and the rotating supporting unit are arranged, the second through hole and the bearing matched with the second through hole are arranged on the first pressing plate, and the threaded hole and the annular sliding groove are formed in the bearing; when the pressing spring continues to compress and deform, the top of the screw rod enters the threaded hole along with the deformation of the first supporting piece, the bearing inner ring is rotated due to the threaded fit of the screw rod and the threaded hole and drives the annular sliding groove on the bearing inner ring to rotate, the end part of the second supporting rod slides in the annular sliding groove until the ejector rod enters the third through hole, at the moment, the second supporting rod does not support the supporting plate any more, and the rebound piece is subjected to pressure deformation. According to the technical scheme, through the arrangement of the structures such as the bearing, the second supporting rod and the screw rod, small resilience force is generated by using the first supporting piece, and the situation that the segment is dislocated due to a small gap between the shield tunnel and the soil layer is simulated; when the shield tunnel is continuously misplaced, the rebound piece provides a further supporting function; it can be seen that this technical scheme makes the elastic component have the elastic deformation of two-stage through the setting of these structures, can simulate different section of jurisdiction staggering effects according to different demands. In addition, the first support piece that this technical scheme set up, except utilizing air spring to provide the resilience force, still set up the telescopic link into threaded connection's interior pole and outer sleeve, because outer sleeve one end is rotated through the connecting block and is connected on the second presses the clamp plate, the other end is connected with interior pole through the screw thread, visible outer sleeve can rotate simultaneously for pressing clamp plate and interior pole, consequently, can manually adjust telescopic link length through rotating the outer sleeve, with the clearance of the equidimension not between simulation shield tunnel and the soil layer, it is more reference to tunnel construction, effectively avoid the cracked, the emergence of seepage problem of section of jurisdiction because of the vertical wrong platform of section of jurisdiction leads to.
The third through hole is a circular through hole, and the compression bar is not contacted with the bearing.
Further, the duct piece staggered platform simulation unit further comprises an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe comprises a main air outlet pipe and a plurality of disbursed air pipes communicated with the main air pipe, the main air outlet pipe is communicated with the air blowing device, and air outlets of the disbursed air pipes are communicated with the air blowing units one by one; the jet unit comprises a jet pipe and a rotary drum which are axially arranged along a first through hole, the axes of the jet pipe and the rotary drum are not in the same straight line, two ends of the jet pipe are open, the open end of the jet pipe, which is far away from a shield tunnel model, is an air inlet, the open end of the jet pipe, which is close to the shield tunnel model, is an air outlet, the rotary drum is sleeved outside the jet pipe, the end of the rotary drum, which is far away from the shield tunnel model, is provided with the first through hole, the jet pipe movably penetrates through the first through hole and extends towards the direction, which is far away from the shield tunnel model, the air inlet of the jet pipe is communicated with the air outlet of the disbursing air pipe, a baffle is arranged at the end of the rotary drum, which is close to the shield tunnel model, and the baffle contacts with the air outlet of the jet pipe in the initial state, so that the air outlet of the jet pipe is closed, and the rotary drum is rotated during use, so that the baffle is separated from the contact with the air outlet of the jet pipe until the air outlet of the jet pipe is opened.
This technical scheme sets up a plurality of one-to-one's tuber pipes that expend and jet unit, all is equipped with jet pipe and rotary drum structure in every jet unit, and during the use, through rotating the rotary drum, utilize the dog structure on the rotary drum, can rotate to open or close every jet unit, through these structure settings, can realize opening jet unit to whole or part, simulate the different power that shield tunnel circumference received, have more reference meaning to tunnel construction, effectively avoid the cracked, the emergence of seepage problem of section of jurisdiction that leads to because of the vertical dislocation of section of jurisdiction.
Further, the tenons and the tenons are annular coaxial with the shield tunnel model, and the tenons are annular plates matched with the tenons.
According to the technical scheme, the tenons, the mortises and the tenons are all arranged to be of annular structures and are matched with the annular shape of the shield tunnel model, and when the tenons are regulated and controlled, the whole shield tunnel model structure can be regulated more uniformly.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the simulation system for regulating and controlling the segment staggering by using the concave-convex tenons, which comprises the following steps: s1, splicing the number of segment models with the preset number to form a shield tunnel model, and installing a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices on the shield tunnel model; s2, starting a blowing device to blow air to the shield tunnel model so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model to generate staggered tables; s3, collecting the staggered bench quantity of the segment model by a displacement data collecting device; s4, closing the air blast device, and adjusting the position of the segment model of the shield tunnel model to reset the simulation system.
According to the technical scheme, the shield tunnel model is formed by assembling the duct piece model, the duct piece is lifted by uniformly blowing through the blower and the ventilation pipe, the duct piece staggering condition is simulated, and sufficient preparation is made for the analysis of a longitudinal duct piece staggering mechanism for regulating and controlling the tenons in the later stage.
Further, two segment models positioned at the outermost sides of two sides of the shield tunnel model in the simulation system are respectively an initial segment and a terminal segment, and the length of a push rod on the initial segment is greater than the length of the initial segment along the axial direction of the initial segment; after step S4, the method further comprises: s5, adjusting the gap between two adjacent segment models by pushing a push rod on the initial segment; s6, starting a blowing device to blow air to the shield tunnel model so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model to generate staggered tables; s7, collecting the staggered bench quantity of the segment model by a displacement data collecting device; s8, closing the air blast device, and adjusting the position of the segment model of the shield tunnel model to reset the simulation system.
According to the technical scheme, through adjusting the pushing quantity of the initial push rod, the concave-convex tenons with different lengths can be provided, so that the regulating and controlling effects of the concave-convex tenons with different lengths on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece are obtained, the regulating and controlling mechanism of the concave-convex tenons on the longitudinal dislocation of the pipe piece under various conditions can be analyzed, and more comprehensive and wide data reference can be obtained; the longitudinal dislocation of the pipe piece is regulated and controlled through the tenon regulating and controlling system, the dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece is eliminated, the dislocation quantity of the pipe piece before and after tenon regulation and control is measured by means of a measuring device arranged in a pipe piece model, and form parameters are collected and transmitted to an analysis processing device by means of a data collecting device, so that the more accurate dislocation quantity of the pipe piece is obtained through analysis and calculation of the processing device, a longitudinal dislocation mechanism of the tenon regulating and controlling pipe piece is obtained, and further the dislocation of the pipe piece is regulated and controlled by means of the tenon regulating and controlling mechanism, so that disaster accidents such as pipe piece fragmentation, leakage and the like caused by pipe piece dislocation of a shield tunnel in the actual construction process are avoided.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the splicing construction condition of the shield tunnel is simulated through the model unit, the segment staggering state of the shield tunnel is simulated through the segment staggering simulation unit, the adjustment control of the segment longitudinal staggering in the shield tunnel is realized through the rebate adjusting and controlling unit, the longitudinal staggering quantity before and after adjustment is measured by means of the displacement monitoring system, and the adjusting and controlling mechanism of the rebate on the segment longitudinal staggering is revealed through the analysis of the measured data, so that reference and effective suggestion are provided for the rebate adjusting and controlling segment staggering, and the segment fragmentation and leakage problems caused by segment longitudinal staggering are effectively avoided; by adjusting the pushing quantity of the initial push rod, the concave-convex tenons with different lengths can be provided, the regulating and controlling effects of the concave-convex tenons with different lengths on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece can be obtained, the regulating and controlling mechanism of the concave-convex tenons on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece under various conditions can be analyzed, and more comprehensive and wide data reference can be obtained; therefore, the longitudinal staggering condition of the regulating and controlling segments of the tenons with different lengths is simulated, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
2. According to the invention, the annular frame is arranged outside the shield tunnel model, and the shield tunnel model is circumferentially coated by the annular frame. In addition, a plurality of jet units that circumference set up can simulate the pressure of a plurality of points that shield tunnel model circumference received, and set up the elastic element and simulate shield tunnel model and receive external pressure on the annular frame when its circumference receives the displacement change that the power produced, can simulate the power and the corresponding change that shield tunnel circumference received in the actual tunnel construction through the setting of elastic element and jet unit on the annular frame, have reference meaning to tunnel construction more, effectively avoid the cracked, the emergence of seepage problem of section of jurisdiction because of the vertical wrong platform of section of jurisdiction leads to.
3. The invention is provided with the multiple nested rebound structures, and because the multiple elastic structures are arranged, when the multiple elastic structures are subjected to large force, the generated deformation can be controlled in a smaller range, the deformation and resetting process is more stable, the long-term test requirements can be met, the force and the corresponding change of the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel in the actual tunnel construction can be simulated, the invention has more reference significance for the tunnel construction, and the problems of segment fracture and leakage caused by segment longitudinal dislocation can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shield tunnel model of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shield tunnel model and a rebate control unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a shield tunnel model and a rebate control unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a shield tunnel model and a rebate control unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shield tunnel model and displacement monitoring unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a shield tunnel model, a ring frame, an elastic unit, and an air injection unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic unit of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a first press plate of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a bearing of the simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a jet unit of the simulation system of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-model base, 2-ventilation duct slot, 3-retainer, 4-model frame, 41-retainer, 42-groove, 5-shield tunnel model, 51-longitudinal bolt, 52-rope hole, 53-starting segment, 54-ending segment, 6-lifting rope, 7-wind deflector, 71-wire passing hole, 72-U-shaped hole, 8-ventilation duct, 81-main duct, 82-auxiliary duct, 83-control valve, 9-blower, 10-frequency converter, 11-tongue, 12-tongue slot, 13-tongue, 14-push rod, 15-connecting hole, 16-push ring, 17-displacement data acquisition device, 18-ring frame, 181-first through hole, 19-elastic unit 20-first pressing plate, 202-bearing, 203-threaded hole, 204-annular chute, 205-third through hole, 211-first fixed plate, 212-second fixed plate, 213-pressing rod, 214-first spring, 215-second spring, 216-third spring, 217-first pressing plate, 218-second pressing plate, 219-third pressing plate, 2110-connecting rod, 22-second pressing plate, 221-screw rod, 231-air spring, 232-first supporting rod, 233-telescopic rod, 234-connecting block, 241-second supporting rod, 25-expenditure air pipe, 26-air jet unit, 261-air jet pipe, 262-rotary drum, 263-baffle plate, 264-air funnel.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
The embodiment comprises a model unit, a segment staggering simulation unit, a displacement monitoring unit and a rebate regulating and controlling unit, wherein: the model unit comprises a shield tunnel model 5 formed by splicing a plurality of segment models; the segment staggering simulation unit comprises a staggering simulation device, the staggering simulation device comprises a blowing device 9, and when in use, the blowing device 9 is controlled to blow air to the shield tunnel model 5 so as to simulate the segment staggering state; the displacement monitoring unit comprises a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices 17 which are arranged on the shield tunnel model 5; the concave-convex tenon regulating unit comprises a concave tenon 11, a convex tenon 13, a convex tenon groove 12, a push rod 14 and a connecting hole 15, wherein the concave tenon 11 and the convex tenon groove 12 are respectively arranged at two ends of each segment model, the connecting hole 15 is respectively formed in each segment model, the open ends of two ends of the connecting hole 15 are respectively formed at the bottom of the concave tenon 11 and the bottom of the convex tenon groove 12, one end of the push rod 14 sequentially penetrates through the concave tenon 11 and the connecting hole 15 in a sliding manner, the end of the push rod is arranged in the convex tenon groove 12, the convex tenon 13 is arranged at the end of the push rod 14, which is positioned in the convex tenon groove 12, and the concave tenon 11 and the convex tenon 13 between two adjacent segment models are mutually matched.
Preferably, the segment mold is an annular segment; preferably, the segment models are hollow ring columns, and the segment models are connected through longitudinal bolts 51. Preferably, the displacement data acquisition device 17 is a displacement meter and a data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring the segment staggering amount measured by the displacement meter, the displacement meter is arranged on the inner surface of each segment model, and the displacement meter is a linear displacement sensor; preferably, the displacement meters are mounted on the inner surface of each segment of duct piece model, and four displacement meters are uniformly mounted on each segment of duct piece model along the circumferential direction of the duct piece model. Preferably, the blower 9 is a blower.
Preferably, the push rod 14 is a hollow aluminum rod, the length of the push rod 14 matched with the initial segment 53 is longer than the axial length of the initial segment 53, graduation marks for controlling the tenon length are arranged on the push rod 14, and a push ring 16 for pushing the push rod 14 is welded at the free end of the push rod 14 of the initial segment 53; the push ring 16 is a hollow aluminum ring.
Preferably, the tenons 11 and the tenons 12 are annular coaxial with the shield tunnel model 5, and the tenons 13 are annular plates matched with the tenons 11; preferably, the tenons 13 are hollow annular plates; preferably, the tenon 13 is a hollow ring columnar thin-wall aluminum cylinder and can slide along the tenon groove 12, and the size of the tenon 13 is matched with the tenon groove 12 and the tenon 11.
Preferably, the front ends of the push rods 14 are free, the rear ends of the push rods are connected with the tenons 13, four push rods 14 are arranged on each segment model, and the four push rods 14 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the tenons 13. Preferably, the number of the connecting holes 15 is four, the open ends of one end of the four connecting holes 15 are uniformly distributed on the tenon 11 along the circumferential direction of the tenon 11, the open ends of the other end of the four connecting holes 15 are uniformly distributed on the tenon 12 along the circumferential direction of the tenon 12, and the size of the connecting holes 15 is matched with the cross section of the push rod 14.
Preferably, all connecting holes 15 axes are parallel to the shield tunnel model 5 axis.
According to the embodiment, the segment staggering state of the shield tunnel is simulated through the segment staggering simulation unit, the adjustment and control of the longitudinal staggering of the segments in the shield tunnel are realized through the concave-convex tenon adjusting and controlling unit, and the longitudinal staggering quantity before and after adjustment and control is measured by means of the displacement monitoring system. Especially, set up tenon and tongue groove at section of jurisdiction model both ends, the tenon is located the tongue groove and can follow the tongue groove slides for simulate the unsmooth tenon between the section of jurisdiction ring in the actual construction, regulate and control the vertical dislocation of section of jurisdiction, the connecting hole is located section of jurisdiction model tenon and tongue groove annular bottom surface in pairs, the push rod passes the connecting hole, the push rod front end is free, and the rear end is connected with the tenon. The concave-convex tenon structure of the technical scheme can increase the shearing strength between the rings, thereby eliminating the dislocation quantity of the segment and realizing the regulation and control of the longitudinal dislocation of the shield segment. In addition, the lengths of the tenons can be selected according to actual conditions, when the device is used, tenons with different lengths can be provided by adjusting the pushing quantity of the initial push rod, the regulation and control effects of the tenons with different lengths on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece are obtained, the analysis of the regulation and control mechanism of the tenons on the longitudinal dislocation of the pipe piece under various conditions is facilitated, and more comprehensive and wide data reference is obtained; therefore, the longitudinal staggering condition of the regulating and controlling segments of the tenons with different lengths is simulated, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the model unit further includes a model base 1, a model frame 4, a wind guard 7 and a lifting rope 6, where the model base 1 is a rectangular flat plate, the model frame 4 is a cuboid structure welded above the model base 1, the wind guard 7 is fixed on four sides of the model frame 4, two ends of the lifting rope 6 are respectively connected with top parts of the shield tunnel model 5 and the model frame 4, two fixing frames 41 are symmetrically arranged in the model frame 4, and the two fixing frames 41 are used for supporting the bottom part of the shield tunnel model 5; the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a ventilation pipe 8 and a blowing device 9, the ventilation pipe 8 is arranged below the shield tunnel model 5, one end of the ventilation pipe 8 is communicated with an air outlet of the blowing device 9, the other end of the ventilation pipe 8 is opened towards the bottom of the shield tunnel model 5, and the ventilation pipe 8 is used for blowing air to the shield tunnel model 5 through an opening end located below the shield tunnel model 5.
Preferably, the model frame 4 is of a cuboid structure formed by welding hollow steel pipes with square sections; the fixing frames 41 are positioned at the left side and the right side of the shield tunnel model 5; preferably, the model base 1 and the model frame 4 are welded and fixed; preferably, the wind deflector 7 seals the side surface of the model frame 4, and the wind deflector 7 and the model frame 4 are fixed through bolts; preferably, one end of the lifting rope 6 is tied on the segment model, and the other end of the lifting rope 6 is tied on the longer side of the top of the model frame 4; preferably, two rope holes 52 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the segment model along the axial direction of the segment model, and two lifting ropes 6 are respectively and symmetrically tied in the two rope holes 52 at two sides of the segment model along the axial direction of the segment model; preferably, the lifting rope 6 is made of inelastic cotton thread.
Preferably, the wind shield 7 is provided with a U-shaped hole 72 for the main air pipe 81 to pass through and a wire passing hole 71 for the displacement monitoring unit to pass through, the ventilating pipe 8 is a PVC pipe, and when in use, the ventilating pipe 8 is used for uniformly blowing and lifting the pipe piece through the blower and the ventilating pipe, and each auxiliary air pipe 82 corresponds to one section of pipe piece model.
Preferably, the model base 1 is a rectangular steel plate with grooves 42 at four corners and is provided with a ventilation duct groove 2 along the central line of a short side of the rectangle, and the area of the rectangular model base 1 is slightly larger than the bottom area of the cuboid model frame 4; preferably, the ventilation pipe slots 2 are matched with the ventilation pipe 8 in size and the fixing buckles 3 are distributed at equal intervals along the direction of the pipe slots; preferably, the grooves 42 are adapted to the cross-sectional dimensions of the steel tube of the former 4 and are fixed by welding. Preferably, the mold base 1 is a solid stainless steel plate.
Preferably, the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a frequency converter 10 for adjusting the wind speed of the air blowing device 9, the ventilation pipe 8 comprises a main air pipe 81 and a plurality of auxiliary air pipes 82, the lower ends of the auxiliary air pipes 82 are communicated with the main air pipe 81, one ends of the main air pipes 81 are communicated with the air outlet of the air blowing device 9, the upper ends of the auxiliary air pipes 82 are open and extend upwards, and a control valve 83 for adjusting the air outlet is further arranged at the upper ends of the auxiliary air pipes 82.
In the embodiment, each segment of duct piece model is hoisted at two long edges at the top of the model frame through two lifting ropes, the ventilation pipe is arranged below the duct piece model, the blower is started to blow air to the bottom of the duct piece model at a constant speed through the ventilation pipe after the wind shield is installed, and the duct piece model is lifted under the action of wind power, so that the condition of duct piece staggering in the shield duct piece construction process is simulated. In addition, set up the vice tuber pipe of a plurality of lower extremes and main tuber pipe intercommunication, utilize a plurality of vice tuber pipes to blow to the section of jurisdiction model of difference in the shield tunnel model, simulate different effect of blowing, control valve also can select whole or the part to open vice tuber pipe, make the effect of blowing of ventilation pipe more various, the flexibility is stronger, and application scope is extensive.
Example 3:
As shown in fig. 3 to 12, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the model unit further includes an annular frame 18 sleeved on the outer side of the shield tunnel model 5, and a plurality of rows of hole sets are formed on the side wall of the annular frame 18 along the axial direction of the annular frame, each row of hole sets corresponds to one segment model, and each row of hole sets includes a plurality of first through holes 181 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular frame 18; a plurality of elastic units 19 are arranged between the inner side wall of the annular frame 18 and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model 5; the segment staggering simulation unit further comprises a plurality of air injection units 26 which are distributed in each first through hole 181 one by one. The ring frame is arranged outside the shield tunnel model, the shield tunnel model is circumferentially coated by the ring frame, and the force and corresponding change of the shield tunnel in the actual tunnel construction can be simulated through the arrangement of the elastic units and the air injection units on the ring frame.
Preferably, the elastic unit 19 includes a first pressing plate 20, a rebound member disposed between the first pressing plate 20 and the inner side wall of the annular frame 18, the rebound member includes a first fixing plate 211, a second fixing plate 212, a pressing rod 213, a first spring 214, a second spring 215, a third spring 216, a first pressing plate 217, a second pressing plate 218 and a connecting rod 2110, the first fixing plate 211 and the second fixing plate 212 are fixed on the annular frame 18, the first fixing plate 211 and the second fixing plate 212 are disposed between the annular frame 18 and the shield tunnel model 5, the second fixing plate 212 is disposed between the first fixing plate 211 and the annular frame 18, one end of the pressing rod 213 is disposed on a surface of the first pressing plate 20 near the inner side wall of the annular frame 18, the other end of the pressing rod 213 movably penetrates through the first fixing plate 211 and extends towards the inner side wall of the annular frame 18, the first pressing rod 217 is disposed at a free end of the pressing rod 213, a second pressing rod 218 is sleeved on a side wall of the annular frame 211 located between the first fixing plate 211 and the first pressing plate 217, the pressing rod 213 movably penetrates through the second pressing plate 218, the first spring 214 is sleeved on the first pressing rod 214, the second pressing rod 213 is movably penetrates through the first pressing rod 218, the second pressing rod 217 is disposed between the first fixing plate 211 and the second pressing plate 215 and the annular frame 218, the second pressing rod 219 is disposed between the first pressing rod 215 and the second pressing rod 219 and the third pressing plate 219 is movably penetrates through the second pressing rod 219, the second pressing rod 219 is disposed at the inner side 219 and the second pressing rod 219 is disposed at the other end 219, one end of the second pressing rod 219 is movably penetrates between the annular frame 218 and the first pressing plate 218 and the pressing plate 218, and is disposed at 219 is movably penetrates between the first pressing rod 219 and the pressing rod 218 and the first pressing rod 218, and the first 219 is disposed at 219 and the first 219 is respectively, and the first 219 and the first and is movably, and is connected. The rebound piece with three springs, when the rebound piece receives the extrusion, the deformation of different states can be produced to three springs, and the deformation of three springs can all produce the resistance to the pushing down of depression bar, and the resistance is big the bigger along with the stroke that the depression bar pushed down, adopts multiple nested rebound structure, because multiple elastic structure setting when receiving big power, the deformation that produces can be controlled in less scope, and deformation and reset process are more stable, can satisfy long-term test demand.
Preferably, the elastic unit 19 further includes a second pressing plate 22, a first supporting member, a second supporting member and a rotating supporting unit, the second pressing plate 22 is disposed between the first pressing plate 20 and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model 5, the first supporting member is disposed between the first pressing plate 20 and the second pressing plate 22, the first supporting member includes an air spring 231, two symmetrically disposed first supporting rods 232 and two symmetrically disposed telescopic rods 233, each telescopic rod 233 includes an inner rod and an outer sleeve sleeved outside the inner rod, mutually matched threads are disposed on the outer side wall of the inner rod and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, the inner rods of the two telescopic rods 233 are respectively hinged with the two first supporting rods 232 one by one, a connecting block 234 is rotatably connected at an end portion of the outer sleeve away from the inner rod, the connecting block 234 is hinged on a surface of the second pressing plate 22 close to the first pressing plate 20, and two ends of the air spring 231 are respectively disposed at the hinge positions of the two first supporting rods 232 and the two telescopic rods 233; a second through hole is formed in the first pressing plate 20 along the radial direction of the shield tunnel model 5, a bearing 202 concentric with the second through hole is arranged in the second through hole, the outer ring of the bearing 202 is fixed on the inner wall of the second through hole, a threaded hole 203 concentric with the second through hole and an annular chute 204 are formed in the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing 202, and a third through hole 205 is formed in the bottom surface of one end of the annular chute 204; a screw rod 221 matched with the threaded hole 203 is arranged on one side of the second pressing plate 22 close to the first pressing plate 20; the second support member includes a second support rod 241 having one end disposed on the inner side wall of the annular frame 18, the other end of the second support rod 241 extends toward the first pressing plate 20, the end of the second support rod 241 near the first pressing plate 20 contacts the first pressing plate 20, and in use, the end of the screw rod 221 enters the threaded hole 203 and drives the threaded hole 203 to rotate until the end of the second support rod 241 enters the third through hole 205. The first supporting piece is utilized to generate smaller resilience force through the arrangement of the structures such as the bearing, the second supporting rod and the screw rod, and the situation that the segment is dislocated due to a small gap between the shield tunnel and the soil layer is simulated; when the shield tunnel is continuously misplaced, the rebound piece provides a further supporting function; the elastic piece has two-stage elastic deformation, and different duct piece staggering effects can be simulated according to different requirements. Besides, the first supporting piece not only utilizes the air spring to provide resilience force, but also sets the telescopic link as the inner rod and the outer sleeve of threaded connection, and the length of the telescopic link can be manually adjusted through rotating the outer sleeve so as to simulate gaps with different sizes between the shield tunnel and the soil layer, so that the method has more reference significance on tunnel construction, and effectively avoids the occurrence of segment fragmentation and leakage caused by segment longitudinal staggering.
Preferably, the first spring 214, the second spring 215 and the third spring 216 are disposed along the radial direction of the shield tunnel model 5, and the first fixing plate 211, the second fixing plate 212, the second pressing plate 22 and the first pressing plate 20 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the first spring 214.
Preferably, a circle of elastic units 19 is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of each pipeline model, namely, a plurality of circles of elastic units 19 matched with the pipeline model are arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 5.
Preferably, the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe comprises a main air outlet pipe and a plurality of outlet air pipes 25 communicated with the main air pipe 81, the main air outlet pipe is communicated with the air blowing device 9, and air outlets of the plurality of outlet air pipes 25 are communicated with the plurality of air blowing units 26 one by one; the jet unit 26 comprises a jet pipe 261 and a rotary drum 262 which are axially arranged along the first through hole 181, the axes of the jet pipe 261 and the rotary drum 262 are not in the same straight line, two ends of the jet pipe 261 are open, the open end of the jet pipe 261, which is far away from the shield tunnel model 5, is an air inlet, the open end of the jet pipe 261, which is close to the shield tunnel model 5, is an air outlet, the rotary drum 262 is sleeved outside the jet pipe 261, the end of the rotary drum 262, which is far away from the shield tunnel model 5, is provided with the first through hole 181, the jet pipe 261 movably penetrates through the first through hole 181 and extends towards the direction far away from the shield tunnel model 5, the air inlet of the jet pipe 261 is communicated with the air outlet of the expenditure air pipe 25, the end, which is close to the shield tunnel model 5, of the rotary drum 262 is provided with a baffle 263 in contact with the air outlet of the jet pipe 261 in an initial state, the air outlet of the jet pipe 261 is closed, and when in use, the rotary drum 262 is rotated, the baffle 263 is in contact with the air outlet of the jet pipe 261 until the air outlet of the jet pipe 261 is separated from the opening. By rotating the drum, each jet unit can be turned on or off by means of a stop structure on the drum, and by means of these structural arrangements, a complete or partial opening of the jet units can be achieved.
Preferably, a truncated cone-shaped air funnel 264 is further arranged at the end, close to the shield tunnel model 5, of the rotary drum 262 along the direction of the axis extension line of the rotary drum 262, two ends of the air funnel 264 are open, the open end, far away from the shield tunnel model 5, of the air funnel 264 is an air inlet, the open end, close to the shield tunnel model 5, of the air funnel 264 is an air outlet, and the cross section area of the air funnel 264 gradually increases along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet of the air funnel; when the shutter 263 contacts with the air outlet of the air lance 261 to close the air outlet of the air lance 261, both side surfaces of the shutter 263 contact with the air outlet of the air lance 261 and the air inlet of the air funnel 264, respectively.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an experimental method of a simulation system for regulating and controlling segment staggering by using a concave-convex tenon, which comprises the following steps:
S1, splicing the number of segment models with the preset number to form a shield tunnel model 5, and installing a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices 17 on the shield tunnel model 5;
s2, starting a blowing device 9 to blow air to the shield tunnel model 5 so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model 5 to generate dislocation;
S3, a displacement data acquisition device 17 acquires the dislocation amount of the segment model;
s4, closing the air blowing device 9, and adjusting the segment model position of the shield tunnel model 5 to reset the simulation system.
Preferably, two segment models positioned at the two outermost sides of the shield tunnel model 5 in the simulation system are a starting segment 53 and a terminal segment 54 respectively, and the length of the push rod 14 on the starting segment 53 is greater than the length of the starting segment 53 along the axial direction thereof; after step S4, the method further comprises: step S5, the gap between two adjacent segment models is adjusted by pushing the push rod 14 on the initial segment 53; s6, starting a blowing device 9 to blow air to the shield tunnel model 5 so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model 5 to generate dislocation; s7, a displacement data acquisition device 17 acquires the dislocation amount of the segment model; s8, closing the air blowing device 9, and adjusting the segment model position of the shield tunnel model 5 to reset the simulation system.
Preferably, in the step S1, the size of the segment model is determined according to the actual engineering, and the size of the segment model is required to meet the actual construction segment prototype.
Preferably, in the shield tunnel model 5, the initial segment 53 is located at the foremost end, the terminal segment 54 is located at the rearmost end, and the tenons 11 are located at the front end of the segment model and are recessed in a direction away from the initial segment 53 along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 5, and the tenons 12 are located at the rear end of the segment model and are recessed in a direction close to the initial segment 53 along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 5; the tenons 11 and the tenons 12 are axially and symmetrically arranged along the segment model.
Preferably, in the shield tunnel model 5, the initial segment 53 has no tongue 11, the terminal segment 54 has no tongue groove 12, and the connecting hole 15 on the initial segment 53 extends away from the open end of the tongue groove 12 along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 5 toward the direction close to the initial segment 53 until penetrating the initial segment 53.
According to the embodiment, the shield tunnel model is formed by assembling the duct piece model, the duct piece is lifted by uniformly blowing through the blower and the ventilation pipe, the duct piece staggering condition is simulated, and sufficient preparation is provided for the analysis of a longitudinal duct piece staggering mechanism of the rebate regulating and controlling duct piece in the later stage. By adjusting the pushing quantity of the initial push rod, the concave-convex tenons with different lengths can be provided, the regulating and controlling effects of the concave-convex tenons with different lengths on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece can be obtained, the regulating and controlling mechanism of the concave-convex tenons on the longitudinal dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece under various conditions can be analyzed, and more comprehensive and wide data reference can be obtained; the longitudinal dislocation of the pipe piece is regulated and controlled through the tenon regulating and controlling system, the dislocation phenomenon of the pipe piece is eliminated, the dislocation quantity of the pipe piece before and after tenon regulation and control is measured by means of a measuring device arranged in a pipe piece model, and form parameters are collected and transmitted to an analysis processing device by means of a data collecting device, so that the more accurate dislocation quantity of the pipe piece is obtained through analysis and calculation of the processing device, a longitudinal dislocation mechanism of the tenon regulating and controlling pipe piece is obtained, and further the dislocation of the pipe piece is regulated and controlled by means of the tenon regulating and controlling mechanism, so that disaster accidents such as pipe piece fragmentation, leakage and the like caused by pipe piece dislocation of a shield tunnel in the actual construction process are avoided.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Use analog system of unsmooth regulation and control section of jurisdiction slab stagger, its characterized in that includes model unit, section of jurisdiction slab stagger analog unit, displacement monitoring unit and unsmooth regulation and control unit, wherein:
The model unit comprises a shield tunnel model (5) formed by splicing a plurality of segment models;
the segment staggering simulation unit comprises a staggering simulation device, the staggering simulation device comprises a blowing device (9), and when in use, the blowing device (9) is controlled to blow air to the shield tunnel model (5) so as to simulate a segment staggering state;
the displacement monitoring unit comprises a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices (17) arranged on the shield tunnel model (5);
The concave-convex tenon regulating unit comprises a concave tenon (11), a convex tenon (13), a convex tenon groove (12), a push rod (14) and a connecting hole (15), wherein the concave tenon (11) and the convex tenon groove (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of each segment model, the connecting hole (15) is respectively formed in each segment model, the open ends at the two ends of the connecting hole (15) are respectively formed in the bottom of the concave tenon (11) and the bottom surface of the convex tenon groove (12), one end of the push rod (14) sequentially penetrates through the concave tenon (11) and the connecting hole (15) in a sliding manner, the end part of the push rod (14) is arranged in the convex tenon groove (12), the convex tenon (13) is arranged at the end part of the push rod (14) which is positioned between the convex tenon groove (12), and the concave tenon (11) and the convex tenon (13) between two adjacent segment models are mutually matched;
The model unit further comprises a model base (1), a model frame (4), a wind shield (7) and a lifting rope (6), wherein the model base (1) is a rectangular flat plate, the model frame (4) is of a cuboid structure welded above the model base (1), the wind shield (7) is fixed on four sides of the model frame (4), two ends of the lifting rope (6) are respectively connected with the top of the shield tunnel model (5) and the top of the model frame (4), two fixing frames (41) are symmetrically arranged in the model frame (4), and the two fixing frames (41) are used for supporting the bottom of the shield tunnel model (5); the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a ventilation pipe (8) and a blowing device (9), wherein the ventilation pipe (8) is arranged below the shield tunnel model (5), one end of the ventilation pipe (8) is communicated with an air outlet of the blowing device (9), the other end of the ventilation pipe (8) is opened towards the bottom of the shield tunnel model (5), and the ventilation pipe (8) is used for blowing air to the shield tunnel model (5) through an opening end positioned below the shield tunnel model (5);
The model unit further comprises an annular frame (18) sleeved on the outer side of the shield tunnel model (5), a plurality of rows of opening groups are formed in the side wall of the annular frame (18) along the axial direction of the annular frame, each row of opening groups corresponds to one segment model, and each row of opening groups comprises a plurality of first through holes (181) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular frame (18); a plurality of elastic units (19) are arranged between the inner side wall of the annular frame (18) and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model (5); the duct piece staggering simulation unit further comprises a plurality of air injection units (26) which are distributed in each first through hole (181) one by one.
2. A simulation system for regulating and controlling the dislocation of a duct piece by using a rebate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the duct piece dislocation simulation unit further comprises a frequency converter (10) for regulating the wind speed of the blast device (9), the ventilation pipe (8) comprises a main air pipe (81) and a plurality of auxiliary air pipes (82) with lower ends communicated with the main air pipe (81), one end of the main air pipe (81) is communicated with an air outlet of the blast device (9), the upper end of the auxiliary air pipe (82) is opened and extends upwards, and a control valve (83) for regulating the air output is further arranged at the upper end of the auxiliary air pipe (82).
3. The simulation system using a tongue and groove regulation segment staggering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic unit (19) comprises a first pressing plate (20), a rebound member arranged between the first pressing plate (20) and the inner side wall of the annular frame (18), the rebound member comprises a first fixing plate (211), a second fixing plate (212), a pressing rod (213), a first spring (214), a second spring (215), a third spring (216), a first pressing plate (217), a second pressing plate (218) and a connecting rod (2110), the first fixing plate (211) and the second fixing plate (212) are fixed on the annular frame (18), the first fixing plate (211) and the second fixing plate (212) are arranged between the annular frame (18) and the shield tunnel model (5), the second fixing plate (212) is arranged between the first fixing plate (211) and the annular frame (18), one end of the pressing rod (213) is arranged on the surface of the first pressing plate (20) close to the inner side wall of the annular frame (18), the pressing rod (213) is movably arranged at the other end of the pressing rod (213) penetrating the first fixing plate (211) to the free end of the pressing rod (213), the compression bar (213) is arranged on the side wall between the first fixing plate (211) and the first compression bar (217) in a sleeved mode, the compression bar (213) movably penetrates through the second compression bar (218), the first spring (214) is sleeved on the compression bar (213), two ends of the first spring (214) are respectively arranged on the first compression bar (217) and the second compression bar (218), a second spring (215) is arranged between the first compression bar (217) and the inner side wall of the annular frame (18), the second spring (215) movably penetrates through the second fixing plate (212), a third spring (216) sleeved outside the first spring (214) and the second spring (215) is arranged between the first compression bar (217) and the second compression bar (218), a third compression bar (219) used for compressing the third spring (216) is arranged between the first compression bar (217) and the second compression bar (218), and the connecting rod (2110) movably penetrates through the third compression bar (219).
4. A simulation system using a rebate to regulate and control the dislocation of a segment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic unit (19) further comprises a second pressing plate (22), a first supporting piece, a second supporting piece and a rotating supporting unit, the second pressing plate (22) is arranged between the first pressing plate (20) and the outer side wall of the shield tunnel model (5), the first supporting piece is arranged between the first pressing plate (20) and the second pressing plate (22), the first supporting piece comprises an air spring (231), two symmetrically arranged first supporting rods (232) and two symmetrically arranged telescopic rods (233), each telescopic rod (233) comprises an inner rod and an outer sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the inner rod, the inner side wall and the inner side wall of the inner rod are provided with mutually matched threads, the inner rods of the two telescopic rods (233) are respectively hinged with the two first supporting rods (232), connecting blocks (234) are rotatably connected at the ends of the outer sleeves, which are far away from the inner rods, of the inner rods, the outer sleeves are hinged with the surfaces of the second pressing plate (22) close to the first pressing plate (20), and the two symmetrically arranged telescopic rods (233) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the two telescopic rods (232); a second through hole is formed in the first pressing plate (20) along the radial direction of the shield tunnel model (5), a bearing (202) concentric with the second through hole is arranged in the second through hole, the outer ring of the bearing (202) is fixed on the inner wall of the second through hole, a threaded hole (203) concentric with the second through hole and an annular chute (204) are formed in the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing (202), and a third through hole (205) is formed in the bottom surface of one end of the annular chute (204); a screw rod (221) matched with the threaded hole (203) is arranged on one side of the second pressing plate (22) close to the first pressing plate (20); the second support piece comprises a second support rod (241) with one end arranged on the inner side wall of the annular frame (18), the other end of the second support rod (241) extends towards the first pressing plate (20), the end part of the second support rod (241) close to the first pressing plate (20) is in contact with the first pressing plate (20), and when in use, the end part of the screw rod (221) enters the threaded hole (203) and drives the threaded hole (203) to rotate until the end part of the second support rod (241) enters the third through hole (205).
5. A simulation system for regulating and controlling the dislocation of a duct piece by using a rebate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the duct piece dislocation simulation unit further comprises an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe comprises a main air outlet pipe and a plurality of outlet air pipes (25) communicated with the main air pipe (81), the main air outlet pipe is communicated with the air blowing device (9), and air outlets of the plurality of outlet air pipes (25) are communicated with the plurality of air injection units (26) one by one; the jet unit (26) comprises a jet pipe (261) and a rotary drum (262) which are axially arranged along a first through hole (181), the axes of the jet pipe (261) and the rotary drum (262) are not in the same straight line, two ends of the jet pipe (261) are open, the open end of the jet pipe (261) away from the shield tunnel model (5) is an air inlet, the open end of the jet pipe (261) close to the shield tunnel model (5) is an air outlet, the rotary drum (262) is sleeved outside the jet pipe (261), the end of the rotary drum (262) away from the shield tunnel model (5) is provided with the first through hole (181), the jet pipe (261) movably penetrates through the first through hole (181) and extends towards the direction away from the shield tunnel model (5), the air inlet of the jet pipe (261) is communicated with the air outlet of the disbursing air pipe (25), the end of the rotary drum (262) close to the shield tunnel model (5) is provided with a baffle (263), the baffle (263) is contacted with the air outlet of the jet pipe (261) in an initial state, the air outlet of the shield tunnel model (5) is closed, the air outlet is rotated until the baffle (263) is separated from the air outlet of the air outlet (261) when in use.
6. A simulation system using a tongue and groove to regulate segment staggering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tongue (11) and tongue groove (12) are annular coaxial with the shield tunnel model (5), and the tongue (13) is an annular plate matched with the tongue (11).
7. The experimental method of the simulation system for regulating and controlling the dislocation of the pipe segment by using the rebate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, splicing the number of segment models with a preset number to form a shield tunnel model (5), and installing a plurality of displacement data acquisition devices (17) on the shield tunnel model (5);
S2, starting a blowing device (9) to blow air to the shield tunnel model (5) so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model (5) to generate dislocation;
s3, a displacement data acquisition device (17) acquires the dislocation quantity of the segment model;
S4, closing the air blowing device (9), and adjusting the segment model position of the shield tunnel model (5) to reset the simulation system.
8. The experimental method of the simulation system using the rebate to regulate and control the segment staggering table according to claim 7, wherein two segment models positioned at the two sides of the shield tunnel model (5) and at the outermost side in the simulation system are a starting segment (53) and a terminal segment (54), respectively, and the length of a push rod (14) on the starting segment (53) is greater than the length of the starting segment (53) along the axial direction thereof; after step S4, the method further comprises: s5, pushing a push rod (14) on the initial segment (53) to adjust the gap between two adjacent segment models; s6, starting a blowing device (9) to blow air to the shield tunnel model (5) so as to enable a segment model in the shield tunnel model (5) to generate dislocation; s7, a displacement data acquisition device (17) acquires the dislocation quantity of the segment model; s8, closing the air blowing device (9), and adjusting the segment model position of the shield tunnel model (5) to reset the simulation system.
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