CN211553993U - Simulation device for regulating shield floating of mudstone stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a analogue means for regulating and control mudstone stratum shield upward floating, include the analog system, shield structure come-up regulation and control system, sensing system and processing system, the model system includes the mold box, tunnel model, section of jurisdiction model and preceding, back shroud, preceding, back shroud are used for fixed section of jurisdiction model, shield structure come-up regulation and control system is the drain bar of mold box bottom and the drinking-water pipe and the pump that links to each other with it, sensing system is for installing the measuring equipment on section of jurisdiction model, is connected with processing system. The working condition of mudstone tunnel shield construction is simulated, morphological parameter measurement is carried out after the shield floats, automatic regulation and control of shield floating are achieved after analysis and treatment of a treatment system, a shield floating mechanism in a mudstone stratum is disclosed, a reference suggestion is provided for engineering construction, and the purposes of avoiding tunnel invasion limit and segment dislocation, breakage and water seepage are achieved.

Description

A simulation device for regulating the uplift of shield tunnels in mudstone formations

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction model tests, in particular to a simulation device for regulating the floating of a shield in a mudstone stratum.

Background technique

Mudstone is widely distributed in my country. With the continuous development of urban subway in our country, it is inevitable to carry out shield construction in mudstone areas. Since mudstone contains more hydrophilic clay minerals, when the water content changes, it will cause more serious problems. Large volume change, it is easy to absorb water to expand and shrink from water loss, and the plasticity of mudstone is large, and it is easy to deform after being stressed, especially when it encounters water, it can cause volume expansion and instability, and the engineering stability is poor. This brings about a serious problem of segment floating. Therefore, if we can master the water absorption and expansion laws of different mudstone strata and the floating mechanism of the shield, we can take corresponding measures to avoid the “encroachment” of the shield tunnel, the occurrence of misplaced, broken, and water seepage accidents. Therefore, how to obtain the water absorption of mudstone Expansion law and shield floating mechanism provide reliable technical advice and data support for shield construction in mudstone strata, which have become important tasks to be solved urgently in the process of mudstone strata construction.

In the prior art, when shield construction is carried out in mudstone strata, most of the projects are adapted to local conditions, and corresponding countermeasures are taken according to the actual situation encountered in the project, but a set of effective methods and countermeasures have not been formed. The Chinese patent with publication number CN108872297A discloses "a model test device for the process of grouting slurry coagulation of shield tail and the floating process of segments". The simulation test system has the following problems: it cannot truly simulate the buoyancy caused by the buoyancy generated by the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone in the mudstone stratum. There is a problem of floating on the chip, and it is impossible to automatically stop the floating of the shield and eliminate the floating of the shield. In addition, some projects use the finite element model to establish a model for analysis, but this finite element analysis method is too theoretical and cannot replace the actual situation of shield tunnel floating in mudstone strata. It is often artificially introduced by technical parameters, which has little reference significance and application value. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laboratory system equipment, which can be operated simply and can simulate the floating process of the segment when the slurry is not condensed in actual engineering.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the purpose is to provide a simulation device for regulating the uplift of shield tunnels in mudstone strata. Therefore, it is impossible to provide reference and effective suggestions for the engineering construction to control the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum, which leads to the failure to prevent accidents such as misplacement, fragmentation and water seepage of the segment in advance. A simulation device and an experimental method for the floating of the shield, the simulation system includes a model system, a simulation system for the floating of the shield, a control system for the floating of the shield, and a sensing system. Simulate the floating situation of the shield, stop the shield from floating through the shield floating control system, measure the floating shape parameters of the shield by the sensing system, and use the processing system to analyze, process and control, revealing the dynamic evolution law of mudstone water absorption and expansion. The shield floating mechanism automatically adjusts the shield floating to eliminate the shield floating phenomenon, thereby providing reference and effective suggestions for the engineering construction to control the floating of the segment, and effectively avoid the occurrence of problems such as misplacement, breakage, and water seepage of the segment.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

A simulation device for regulating the floating of a shield in a mudstone stratum, including a model system, a shield floating simulation system, a shield floating control system, a sensing system and an external processing system, wherein the model system includes a model for holding mudstone Box, tunnel model, segment model and front and rear cover plates, the front and rear of the model box are respectively provided with tunnel holes for installing the tunnel model, so that the tunnel model can be erected on the tunnel hole and pushed out from the hole, thereby forming Simulate shield excavation of mudstone tunnels;

The shield floating simulation system includes a water injection pipe, a water delivery pipe and a micro water pump. The water injection pipe is horizontally laid at a certain distance at the lower part of the tunnel model, and is connected with the water delivery pipe and the micro water pump for pressure water injection and forcing mudstone generation. buoyancy;

The shield floating control system includes a drainage plate, a water suction pipe and a suction pump. The drainage plate is laid flat on the bottom of the model box and is connected with the suction pipe and the suction pump to eliminate mudstone buoyancy and prevent the shield from floating up. ;

The sensing system is a displacement meter and an inclinometer, and the displacement meter and the inclinometer are installed in the segment model and connected with the processing system, and are used for measuring the shape parameters of the shield after the floating and automatically regulating the floating of the shield;

The processing system is an existing technology and can be purchased in the market. The processing system is connected to the device. The processing system includes a data acquisition device for collecting the shape parameters of the shield after the floating shield measured by the sensing system. The acquisition device is connected to an intelligent processing device for storing and analyzing the floating shape parameters of the shield and determining target control instructions, the intelligent processing device is connected to a transmission device for transmitting the target control instructions, and the transmission device transmits the target control instructions to the target The main body is controlled, and the floating of the shield is automatically regulated by the shield floating control system, so as to eliminate the floating phenomenon of the shield.

After the shield excavation, water is injected into the mudstone pressure through the shield floating simulation system, and the buoyancy is generated due to the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone, which in turn causes the shield to float up. In this scheme, after the tunnel model is pushed out of the mudstone, the simulated shield excavation mudstone tunnel is exposed, the segment model is placed, the front and rear cover plates are installed, and water is injected into the mudstone under pressure, thereby simulating the mudstone formation during the shield construction process. The shield floats up, and the sensor system installed in the segment model is used to measure the segment float and the expansion angle between segments, and rely on the processing system to analyze the water absorption and expansion law of mudstone and the shield float mechanism, and self-judgment the current float. The target control command is obtained, and the target control command is transmitted to the pump through the transmission device, and the shield floating is automatically regulated by the shield floating control system, so as to eliminate the phenomenon of shield floating, and provide reference and reference for the engineering construction to control the shield floating in mudstone strata. Effective advice.

This scheme simulates the uplift of the shield in mudstone strata through the model system and the shield uplift simulation system, and relies on the sensing system installed in the segment model to measure the shape parameters of the shield uplift, and relies on the acquisition device of the processing system to collect these parameters. And transmit it to the intelligent processing device, so that through the analysis and calculation of the intelligent processing device, the water absorption and expansion law of the mudstone and the floating mechanism of the shield can be obtained, and the target control command can be obtained by judging the current floating situation. Eliminate the floating phenomenon of the shield, and avoid accidents such as segment misplacement, fragmentation, and water seepage during the actual construction of the tunnel.

The model system includes a model box containing mudstone, a tunnel model for simulating shield excavation, a segment model, and front and rear cover plates. The shield floating simulation system includes water injection pipes, water pipes and micro-pumps, and the shield floating control system Including the drainage plate, the water suction pipe and the pump, there are tunnel holes in the front and back of the model box, so that the tunnel model can be erected on the tunnel hole and can be pushed out along the hole, simulating the situation of shield excavation mudstone tunnel, put in the segment model, install The front and rear cover plates fix the segment model, and then turn on the micro water pump to inject water into the mudstone through the water injection pipe. The segment in the model box floats up under the action of the buoyancy generated by the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone, thereby simulating the mudstone tunnel shield construction pipe In the case of the slab floating, the vacuum negative pressure strength of the drainage plate is changed by the pump, so as to eliminate the excess pore water pressure of the mudstone and control the floating of the shield. The tunnel construction conditions in mudstone strata have strong flexibility and a wide range of applications.

The simulation system is simple in composition and easy to operate. It can simulate the water absorption and expansion process of mudstone in actual engineering and the floating process of segments under the buoyancy generated by mudstone water absorption and expansion, and can control the floating of the shield, thereby revealing the law of mudstone water absorption and expansion and shielding. floating mechanism.

Preferably, the length of the tunnel model is greater than the distance between the tunnel holes on the front and rear surfaces of the model box. The tunnel model can be erected on the tunnel hole of the model box. After filling the model box with mudstone, the tunnel model is pushed out from one end along the hole to form Simulate shield tunneling in mudstone formations.

The tunnel model is a cylindrical thin-walled aluminum barrel without upper and lower bottom surfaces.

Preferably, the segments of the segment model are connected by a flexible spring, and a waterproof rubber film is laid on the inner wall of the segment model.

In the segment model, the front and rear segments are adapted to the inner wall fixing grooves of the front and rear cover plates, so that the segment models can be fixed with the cover plate.

The lower part of the segment model is provided with a metal frame, and the two ends of the metal frame are respectively fixed to the front and rear segments to support the segment model, so that the segment model is not offset or misaligned during the installation process.

The segment model is made of gypsum.

Preferably, the front cover is provided with a wire hole for the wiring of the sensing system to pass through.

Since a sensing system for measuring the floating shape parameters of the shield is arranged in the segment model, the sensing system is a displacement meter and an inclinometer, and the measuring equipment needs to be connected with the processing system. The wiring of the measuring device is passed through.

The wire hole is adapted to the wiring.

Preferably, the water injection pipe is a double-layered water injection pipe, including an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and the upper parts of the inner pipe and the outer pipe are provided with water injection holes and can overlap. , the inner pipe is rotated around the axis by a certain angle, and the water injection holes of the inner and outer pipes are dislocated, so that the water injection holes can be closed.

Preferably, geotextiles are laid on the drainage plate, and the periphery is sealed to prevent mudstone from being drawn out by the pump.

Shield tunnel excavation mudstone tunnel is formed, the segment model is installed, and water is injected by micro-pump pressure. In this way, the real state of shield floating in mudstone environment can be simulated, ensuring that the simulation system of this scheme is more suitable for construction in mudstone areas. According to the real environment, more accurate and reliable mudstone water absorption and expansion law and shield floating shape parameters can be obtained, which is fully prepared for the later analysis of shield floating mechanism.

The buoyancy generated by the water absorption and expansion of mudstone is the main reason for the floating of the shield. The vacuum negative pressure strength of the drainage plate is changed by the pump, so as to eliminate the excess pore water pressure of the mudstone, control the floating of the shield, and more thoroughly analyze the pore water pressure on the expansion of mudstone. According to the influence degree of the mudstone, the effect of water absorption and expansion of mudstone on regulating the floating of the segment is obtained.

Preferably, the model box is a rectangular box body with a back pressure plate installed at the top, the back pressure plate is detachably connected to the model box, so that the model box can be opened and closed through the back pressure plate, and the model box and the back pressure plate are fixed by bolts.

The model box is opened and/or closed through the back pressure plate, so that the simulation system can be arranged and installed during the experiment, and mudstone with different properties can be filled as required to carry out the floating analysis of shield tunnel segments in various mudstone environments.

The four directions of the upper, lower, left and right around the tunnel holes on the front and rear surfaces of the model box are provided with locks for fixing the front and rear cover plates.

The front end surface of the model box is located at a certain distance below the tunnel hole and is provided with horizontally evenly distributed water delivery holes.

Since the water injection pipe needs to be connected with the micro water pump through the water delivery pipe, a water delivery hole is opened on the model box for the connection between the water delivery pipe and the water injection pipe.

The water delivery hole is adapted to the water delivery pipe.

The front end surface of the model box is provided with a water pumping hole below the water delivery hole.

Since the drainage plate needs to be connected with the pump through the drainage pipe, a drainage hole is opened on the model box for the connection between the drainage pipe and the drainage plate.

The water suction holes are adapted to the water suction pipes.

The displacement meter and the inclinometer are installed on each segment of the segment model, and a displacement meter and an inclinometer are arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of each segment of the segment.

The displacement meter is used to measure the floating amount of each segment at each measurement time point, and the inclinometer is used to measure the opening angle between the segments at each measurement time point, so as to obtain the floating shape parameters of the shield, which can provide information for the analysis of the shield floating mechanism. Basic data.

Preferably, the displacement meter is a linear displacement sensor.

Preferably, the inclinometer is a dual-axis inclination sensor.

The processing system is an existing technology and can be purchased in the market. The processing system includes a data acquisition device for collecting the shape parameters of the shield after the floating shield measured by the sensing system, and the data acquisition device is connected for storing, An intelligent processing device for analyzing the floating shape parameters of the shield and determining target control instructions, the intelligent processing device is connected to a transmission device for transmitting the target control instructions, and the transmission device transmits the target control instructions to the target control body.

Preferably, the data acquisition device is a data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is used to obtain the floating amount of the segment measured by the displacement meter and the segment opening angle measured by the inclinometer, and the data acquisition device is connected to the artificial intelligence processing device , the artificial intelligence processing device is a computer system, and the computer system can also store the data monitored by the sensing system, and has a built-in analysis module for data analysis.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The utility model is used for the simulation device for regulating the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum, and simulates the floating phenomenon of the shield in the mudstone stratum through the model system and the shield floating simulation system. Measure the morphological parameters, and rely on the acquisition device of the processing system to collect and transmit these morphological parameters to the intelligent processing device, so that through the analysis and calculation of the processing device, the water absorption and expansion law of mudstone and the floating mechanism of the shield can be obtained, and then rely on the floating control system of the shield. Automatically adjust the floating of the shield to avoid accidents such as misplacement, fragmentation and water seepage of segments during the actual construction of the tunnel;

2. The utility model is used for the simulation device for regulating the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum. The segment model is loaded into the mudstone tunnel, and the front and rear cover plates are fixed to fix the segment model. In this way, it is possible to simulate the mudstone environment. The real state of the segment below ensures that the simulation system of this scheme is more suitable for the real environment of shield tunnel construction in mudstone strata, and obtains more accurate mudstone water absorption and expansion law and shield floating shape parameters, which is good for the later analysis of shield floating mechanism. adequate preparation;

3. The utility model is used for the simulation device for regulating the uplift of the shield in the mudstone stratum. A displacement meter and an inclinometer are arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of each segment, which makes the arrangement of the displacement meter and the inclinometer more comprehensive. The floating situation of all segments can be measured, which makes the data analysis and processing more accurate, and is closer to the actual construction situation in the mudstone stratum, so that the analysis of the floating mechanism of the shield tunnel in the mudstone stratum obtained by the simulation system of this scheme is more accurate;

4. The simulation device of the present invention is used to control the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum. When the mudstone is contained in the model box, the type of the mudstone is similar to the mudstone in the actual construction process. When the floating problem occurs, the corresponding mudstone type should be adopted accordingly, so as to obtain the shield floating mechanism of the mudstone stratum, and provide corresponding solutions. The simulation system and the experimental method of the utility model can be used for the simulation analysis of various mudstone types, and provide suggestions and reference opinions for the construction of actual projects;

5. After installing the segment model and the front and rear cover plates, inject water into the mudstone under pressure through the water injection pipe, which can simulate the different buoyancy of the mudstone, and obtain the floating situation of the shield under different mudstone buoyancy. The situation of eliminating the floating of the shield under different vacuuming negative pressure strengths is obtained, and a multi-faceted analysis is carried out from the obtained various situations to obtain a more comprehensive and extensive data reference.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached image:

Fig. 1 is the tunnel model and model box schematic diagram of the model system of the simulation system of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the model system structure schematic diagram of the simulation system of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the water injection pipe of the simulation system of the present invention after the rotation of the water injection inner pipe is stopped;

4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sensing system of the simulation system of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the simulation system of the present invention from another perspective;

6 is a schematic diagram of the on-site layout of the simulation system of the present invention;

The marks in the attached drawings and the corresponding parts names:

1-Model box, 2-Tunnel model, 3-Tunnel hole, 4-Segment model, 41-Segment, 42-Flexible spring, 43-Metal frame, 44-Rubber film, 5-Displacement meter, 6-Inclinometer , 7-water injection pipe, 71-water injection hole, 72-inner pipe, 73-outer pipe, 8-water delivery pipe, 9-water delivery hole, 10-miniature water pump, 11-drainage plate, 12-geotextile, 13-water pumping Hole, 14- water pipe, 15- pump, 16- back pressure plate, 17- cover plate, 171- cable hole, 172- fixing slot.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The invention is not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 , the simulation device for regulating and controlling the floating of a shield in a mudstone stratum includes a model system, a simulation system for the floating of a shield, a control system for the floating of a shield, a sensing system and a processing system, wherein the model system Including a model box 1 for holding mudstone, a tunnel model 2 for simulating shield excavation, a segment model 4 and two front and rear cover plates 17, the front and rear faces of the model box 1 are provided with a tunnel model 2. Tunnel hole 3, so that the tunnel model 2 can be erected on the tunnel hole 3 and can be pushed out from the hole, thereby forming a simulated shield excavation mudstone tunnel;

The shield floating simulation system includes a water injection pipe 7, a water delivery pipe 8 and a micro water pump 10. The water injection pipe 7 is horizontally laid at a certain distance at the lower part of the tunnel model 2, and is connected with the water delivery pipe 8 and the micro water pump 10. Water injection under pressure, forcing mudstone to produce buoyancy;

The shield floating control system includes a drainage plate 11, a water suction pipe 14 and a suction pump 15. The drainage plate 11 is laid on the bottom of the model box 1 and is connected with the suction pipe 14 and the suction pump 15 to eliminate the Mudstone buoyancy prevents the shield from floating;

The sensing system includes a displacement meter 5 and an inclinometer 6, and the displacement meter 5 and the inclinometer 6 are installed in the segment model 4 and connected with the processing system for measuring the floating shape parameters of the shield and automatically regulating the floating of the shield. ;

The processing system is in the prior art, and includes a data acquisition device for collecting the shape parameters of the shield after the floating shield measured by the sensing system, and the data acquisition device is connected to store and analyze the floating shape parameters of the shield and determine the target. An intelligent processing device for control instructions, the intelligent processing device is connected to a transmission device for transmitting target control instructions, the transmission device transmits the target control instructions to the target control body, and automatically regulates the shield floating through the shield floating control system , to eliminate the shield floating phenomenon.

After the shield excavation, water is injected into the mudstone pressure through the shield floating simulation system. Due to the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone, buoyancy is generated, which in turn causes the shield to float up. In this scheme, after the tunnel model 2 is pushed out of the mudstone, the simulated shield excavation mudstone tunnel is exposed, and the segment model 4 is put into it. The front and rear cover plates 17 are installed, and water is injected into the mudstone under pressure, thereby simulating the mudstone formation shield. During the construction process of the shield tunnel, the floating amount of the segment and the opening angle between segments 41 are measured by the sensing system installed in the segment model 4, and the water absorption and expansion law of the mudstone and the floatation of the shield are obtained through the analysis of the processing system. Mechanism and self-judgment of the current floating situation to obtain the target control command, the target control command is transmitted to the target control body through the transmission device, and the shield floating control system is used to automatically control the shield floating, eliminate the phenomenon of shield floating, and regulate the construction of the project. Provide reference and effective suggestions for shield floating in mudstone strata.

In this embodiment, the model system and the shield floating simulation system are used to simulate the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum. The sensing system installed in the segment model 4 is used to measure the floating shape parameters of the shield. The parameters are collected and transmitted to the intelligent processing device, so that through the analysis and calculation of the intelligent processing device, the water absorption and expansion law of mudstone and the floating mechanism of the shield can be obtained, and the target control command can be obtained by judging the current floating situation, and the shield can be automatically adjusted through the shield floating control system. Floating, eliminating the floating phenomenon of the shield, and avoiding accidents such as misplacement, fragmentation and water seepage of the segment during the actual construction process of the tunnel.

During the specific implementation, tunnel holes 3 are respectively opened in the front and rear of the model box 1, so that the tunnel model 2 can be erected on the tunnel hole 3 and can be pushed out along the hole, simulating the situation of shield excavation of mudstone tunnels, put into the segment model 4, before installation , The rear cover plate 17 is fixed on the segment model 4, and then the micro water pump 10 is turned on to inject water into the mudstone through the water delivery pipe 8 and the water injection pipe 7. The segment 41 in the model box 1 floats under the buoyancy generated by the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone. phenomenon, thus simulating the floating situation of the mudstone tunnel shield construction segment, and then changing the vacuum negative pressure strength of the drainage plate by the pump, thereby eliminating the excess pore water pressure of the mudstone and regulating the floating of the shield. The mudstone can be selected according to the actual situation, so as to simulate the tunnel construction conditions of different mudstone formations, with strong flexibility and a wide range of applications.

The simulation system is simple in composition and easy to operate. It can simulate the water absorption and expansion process of mudstone in actual engineering and the floating process of segments under the buoyancy generated by mudstone water absorption and expansion, and can control the floating of the shield, thereby revealing the law of mudstone water absorption and expansion and shielding. floating mechanism.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the length of the tunnel model 2 is greater than the distance between the tunnel holes 3 on the front and rear surfaces of the model box 1. The tunnel model 2 can be erected on the tunnel hole 3 of the model box. After filling the model box 1 with mudstone, the tunnel model 2 Push out from one end along the hole to form a simulated shield to excavate a tunnel in the mudstone stratum.

Further, the tunnel model 2 is a cylindrical thin-walled aluminum barrel without upper and lower bottom surfaces.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the segments 41 of the segment model 4 are connected by flexible springs 42, and a waterproof rubber film 44 is laid on the inner wall of the segment model 4.

Further, the segments 41 on the front and rear ends of the segment model 4 are adapted to the fixing grooves 172 on the cover plate 17 , so that the segment model 4 can be fixed with the cover plate 17 .

Further, a metal frame 43 is arranged at the lower part of the segment model 4, and both ends of the metal frame 43 are respectively fixed to the front and rear segments 41 to support the segment model 4, so that the segment model 4 does not shift during the installation process. , wrong direction.

Further, the segment model 4 is made of gypsum, and the metal frame 43 is made of stainless steel. Using this material can greatly improve the service life of the model system.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the front cover 17 is provided with a wire hole 171 for the wiring of the sensing system to pass through. The system is a displacement meter 5 and an inclinometer 6. The measuring equipment needs to be connected to the processing system. By opening a wire hole 171 on the front cover 17, the wiring of the measuring equipment passes through. The size of the wire hole 171 is adapted to the wiring.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the water injection pipe 7 is a double-layered water injection pipe, including an inner pipe 72 and an outer pipe 73. The upper parts of the inner pipe 72 and the outer pipe 73 are provided with water injection holes 71 and can overlap. When the water injection holes 71 are overlapped, water can be discharged. When the water injection is stopped, the inner pipe 72 is rotated around the axis by a certain angle, and the water injection holes 71 of the inner and outer pipes are dislocated, so that the water injection holes 71 can be closed. , block the pipe.

As one of the preferred embodiments, geotextiles 12 are laid on the drainage plate 11 and sealed at the periphery to prevent mudstone from being drawn out by the pump 15 .

The shield excavation mudstone tunnel is formed, the segment model 4 is installed, and the water is injected by the micro water pump 10 under pressure. In this way, the real state of the floating shield in the mudstone environment can be simulated, ensuring that the simulation system of this scheme is more suitable for the real environment of construction in the mudstone area, and more accurate and reliable mudstone water absorption and expansion law and shield floating shape parameters can be obtained. Make adequate preparations for the analysis of the shield floating mechanism in the later stage.

The buoyancy generated by the water absorption and expansion of the mudstone is the main reason for the floating of the shield. The vacuum negative pressure strength of the drainage plate 11 is changed by the pump 15, thereby eliminating the excess pore water pressure of the mudstone, regulating the floating of the shield, and more thoroughly analyzing the effect of the pore water pressure on the mudstone. According to the degree of influence of expansion, the effect of water-absorbing expansion of mudstone on regulating the uplift of segment is analyzed.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the model box 1 is a rectangular box body with a back pressure plate 16 installed at the top. The back pressure plate 16 is detachably connected to the model box 1 so that the model box 1 can be opened through the back pressure plate 16 closed, the model box 1 and the back pressure plate 16 are fixed by bolts.

Further, the material of the back pressure plate 16 is iron, and the model box is opened and/or closed through the back pressure plate 16, so as to arrange and install the simulation system during the experiment, and fill the mudstone with different properties according to the needs. Analysis of the uplift of shield segments in various mudstone environments.

Further, the two tunnel holes 2 on the front and rear surfaces of the model box 1 are provided with four locks, the locks are evenly distributed on the circumference of the tunnel holes 2, and the locks are used to fix the front and rear covers. plate 17.

Further, the front end face of the model box 1 is located at a certain distance below the tunnel hole 3 and is provided with horizontally evenly distributed water delivery holes 9, because the water injection pipe 7 needs to be connected with the miniature water pump 10 through the water delivery pipe 8, by setting up water delivery on the model box 1. The hole 9 is used for the connection between the water injection pipe 7 and the water delivery pipe 8 , and the size of the water delivery hole 9 is adapted to the water delivery pipe 8 .

Further, the front surface of the model box 1 is located below the water delivery hole 9 and is provided with a water pumping hole 13. Since the drainage plate 11 needs to be connected with the pump 15 through the water pumping pipe 14, the water pumping hole 13 is opened on the model box 1 for the water pumping pipe. 14 is connected to the drain plate 11, and the size of the water suction hole 13 is adapted to the water suction pipe 14.

As one of the embodiments, the displacement gauge 5 and the inclinometer 6 are installed on each segment of the segment model, and a displacement gauge 5 and an inclinometer 6 are arranged under the inner surface of each segment, using the displacement gauge 5 Measure the floating amount of each segment 41 at each measurement time point, and use the inclinometer 6 to measure the opening angle between the segments 41 at each measurement time point, so as to obtain the floating shape parameters of the shield, so as to provide the basis for analyzing the floating mechanism of the shield. Basic data.

Further, the displacement meter 5 is a linear displacement sensor.

Further, the inclinometer 6 is a dual-axis inclination sensor.

The processing system includes a data acquisition device for collecting the shape parameters of the shield after the floating shield measured by the sensing system, and the data acquisition device is connected to an intelligent processing device for storing and analyzing the floating shape parameters of the shield and determining target control instructions. The intelligent processing device is connected to a transmission device for transmitting target control instructions, and the transmission device transmits the target control instructions to the target control subject.

As one of the preferred embodiments, the data acquisition device is a data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is used to obtain the floating amount of the segment 41 measured by the displacement meter 5 and the opening angle of the segment 41 measured by the inclinometer 6 . The data acquisition instrument is connected to an artificial intelligence processing device, and the artificial intelligence processing device is a computer system. The computer system can also store data monitored by the sensing system, and has a built-in analysis module for data analysis.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6, the experimental method for regulating the floating of the shield in the mudstone stratum adopts the simulation system in Example 1 to regulate the floating of the shield, including the following steps:

a. Assemble the model system, determine the size of the tunnel model 2 in advance, and open the tunnel hole 3 corresponding to the tunnel model 2 on the front and rear surfaces of the model box 1, and open the water delivery hole 9 and the water pumping hole 13 at the same time. After preparing the model box 1 Fix it, open a wire hole 171 on the front cover plate 17, and arrange a shield floating simulation system and a shield floating control system at the bottom of the model box;

b. Move the tunnel model 2 to the inside of the model box 1, erect it on the tunnel hole 3 of the model box 1, and lay the mudstone to be analyzed in the model box 1;

c. Push out the tunnel model 2 to form a simulated shield excavation mudstone tunnel;

d. Arrange the sensing system in the segment model 4;

e. Install the segment model 4 in the mudstone tunnel, and install the front and rear cover plates 17 to fix the segment model 4;

f. Turn on the micro water pump 10 to inject water into the mudstone under pressure;

g. Obtain the law of water absorption and expansion of mudstone and the floating mechanism of the shield through the processing system, and realize the automatic control of the floating negative pressure strength of the shield to eliminate the floating of the shield.

When the mudstone is contained in the model box, the type of mudstone is similar to the mudstone in the actual construction process. When the shield floats up during the shield excavation process of different mudstone strata, the corresponding mudstone type is used to obtain the mudstone stratum. Shield floating mechanism, and provide corresponding solutions. The simulation system and the experimental method of the utility model can be used for the simulation analysis of various mudstone types, and provide suggestions and reference opinions for the construction of actual projects.

After installing the segment model 4 and the front and rear cover plates 17, water is injected into the mudstone under pressure through the water injection pipe 7, which can simulate the different buoyancy of the mudstone, and obtain the floating situation of the shield under different mudstone buoyancy. By vacuuming and draining water, we can obtain the situation of eliminating the floating shield of the shield under different vacuuming negative pressure strengths. From the various situations obtained, we can conduct multi-faceted analysis to obtain more comprehensive and extensive data reference.

The experimental method of this embodiment is tested by the aforementioned simulation system, and after obtaining the floating mechanism of the shield in the mudstone stratum, corresponding countermeasures can be taken in the actual construction process, and the grouting method can be adjusted, so as to effectively avoid the misplacement and fragmentation of segments. , water seepage and other disasters.

As one of the preferred embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in the step a, the size of the tunnel model 2 is determined according to the actual project, and the size of the tunnel model 2 should meet the actual construction tunnel prototype.

As one of the preferred embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , in the step d, a displacement gauge 5 and an inclinometer 6 are arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of each segment of the segment 41 . The arrangement of gauge 5 and inclinometer 6 is more comprehensive.

As one of the preferred embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , in the step f, after the pressure water injection is stopped, the inner pipe 72 of the water injection pipe is rotated to dislocate the water injection holes 71 to achieve sealing to prevent the backflow of water and mud and sand from clogging the water injection pipe. 7.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention The protection scope of the utility model, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. The simulation device for regulating and controlling the shield floating of the mudstone stratum is characterized by comprising a model system, a shield floating simulation system, a shield floating regulation and control system and a sensing system, wherein the model system comprises a model box (1), tunnel models (2), a segment model (4) and two cover plates (17), two sides of the model box (1) are respectively provided with a tunnel hole (3) for mounting the tunnel model (2), the tunnel model (2) is positioned in one tunnel hole (3) and can be pushed out from the other tunnel hole (3), a mudstone tunnel is formed in the model box (1), the segment model (4) is sequentially mounted in the mudstone tunnel, and the cover plates (17) are respectively fixed at two ends of the segment model (4);

the shield floating simulation system comprises a water injection pipe (7), a water delivery pipe (8) and a micro water pump (10), wherein the water injection pipe (7) is horizontally laid in the model box (1) and is positioned below the tunnel model (2), and the water injection pipe (7) is connected with the water delivery pipe (8) and the micro water pump (10);

the shield floating regulation and control system comprises a drainage plate (11), a water pumping pipe (14) and a pump (15), wherein the drainage plate (11) is tiled at the bottom of the model box (1) and is connected with the water pumping pipe (14) and the pump (15);

the sensing system comprises a displacement meter (5) and an inclinometer (6), wherein the displacement meter (5) and the inclinometer (6) are both positioned on the inner bottom of the segment model (4).

2. The simulation device for regulating shield uplift of a mudstone formation according to claim 1, wherein the segments (41) of the segment model (4) are connected through a flexible spring (42), and a waterproof rubber film (44) is laid on the inner wall of the segment model (4).

3. The simulation device for regulating shield floating of a mudstone formation according to claim 1, wherein the segment model (4) further comprises a metal frame (43) for supporting the segment model (4), the metal frame (43) is located at the bottom of the segment model (4), and two ends of the metal frame (43) are respectively fixed at two ends of the segment model (4).

4. The simulation device for regulating and controlling the shield floating of the mudstone stratum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the model box (1) is a rectangular box body, a top plate of the rectangular box body is an openable back pressure plate, and the back pressure plate is fixed with the model box (1) through bolts.

5. The simulation device for regulating shield uplift of a mudstone formation according to claim 1, wherein a fixing groove (172) is formed in the inner side of the cover plate (17), and the fixing groove (172) is used for fixing the segment (41) at two ends of the segment model (4).

6. The simulation device for regulating and controlling the shield floating of the mudstone formation according to claim 1, wherein the water injection pipe (7) comprises an inner pipe (72) and an outer pipe (73), the upper surfaces of the inner pipe (72) and the outer pipe (73) are respectively provided with a plurality of water injection holes (71) in one-to-one correspondence, six water delivery holes (9) are formed below the tunnel hole (3) on the front end surface of the model box (1), and the water injection holes (71) are connected with a water delivery pipe (8) and a micro water pump (10) through the water delivery holes (9) and used for pressure water injection.

7. The simulation device for regulating shield uplift of a mudstone formation according to claim 1, wherein the drainage plate (11) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the model box (1), and a geotextile (12) is laid on the upper part of the drainage plate (11).

8. The simulation device for regulating and controlling the shield floating of the mudstone stratum as claimed in claim 6, wherein six water pumping holes (13) are formed below the water delivery hole (9), and the drainage plate (11) is connected with a water pumping pipe (14) and a pump (15) through the water pumping holes (13) and is used for eliminating excess pore water pressure and preventing the shield from floating.

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