CN112720798A - Sagger dry-method pressing forming method and equipment and sagger - Google Patents

Sagger dry-method pressing forming method and equipment and sagger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112720798A
CN112720798A CN202011486600.5A CN202011486600A CN112720798A CN 112720798 A CN112720798 A CN 112720798A CN 202011486600 A CN202011486600 A CN 202011486600A CN 112720798 A CN112720798 A CN 112720798A
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Prior art keywords
sagger
cavity
pressing
mold core
die
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CN112720798B (en
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叶松君
张德荣
余锐平
邱昭午
潘伟斌
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Foshan Henglitai Machinery Co Ltd
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Foshan Henglitai Machinery Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry pressing forming method of a sagger, which comprises the following steps: distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold; pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity; jacking the side lower die to a preset height to form a pre-pressed blank body; and pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a dry-method pressing forming device of the sagger and the sagger. By implementing the sagger forming method, the uniformity of different positions of the sagger can be effectively improved, the forming fracture of the sagger is prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced.

Description

Sagger dry-method pressing forming method and equipment and sagger
Technical Field
The invention relates to a press and the technical field of press forming, in particular to a sagger dry-method pressing forming method and equipment and the sagger.
Background
Sagger is a common type of kiln furniture that generally has a bottom and sides, with the bottom being generally rectangular or circular. When used, saggers generally need to have superior refractoriness, high temperature structural strength and thermal stability. The guarantee of the characteristics depends on good pressing, and the sagger needs to be pressed uniformly and has consistent density; the two sagger should not have the defects of cracks and the like.
In the prior art, in order to ensure uniformity and density, an isostatic pressing process is generally adopted to form a sagger (such as CN 109551612A); but the isostatic compaction efficiency is low, the equipment structure is complex, and the maintenance cost is high. Another common method is to use dry pressing method to form, specifically, a mold with a specific shape is selected and pressed together by an upper mold core or an upper and a lower mold cores to obtain the sagger. As in CN111574227A, it is pressed to form a sagger with a mold of a specific shape, an upper ram and a lower ram, and at the time of pressing, pressing is performed in a form of pressing up and down, and then ejected with the lower ram. However, this form of pressing is often difficult to ensure uniformity, and tends to cause cracking or crack defects at the side-to-bottom junction, resulting in a reduction in the structural strength of the sagger at high temperatures. Moreover, this mold is fixed in form and is difficult to adapt to the production of saggers of various sizes.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a sagger dry-method pressing forming method, which can effectively improve the uniformity and the strength of the sagger, is easy to control and has low requirement on equipment.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a casket-like bowl pressing and forming device.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a sagger.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a sagger dry-method pressing forming method, which comprises the following steps:
distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
jacking the side lower die to a preset height to form a pre-pressed blank body;
and pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the method further comprises:
and after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, lowering the mold frame and taking out the sagger.
As an improvement of the technical proposal, the method comprises
(1) Determining the thickness T of the bottom of a saggersHeight H of side edgesAnd a compression ratio ε;
(2) moving the side lower die and the die frame to initial positions so that the bottom lower die core, the side lower die and the die frame enclose to form a die cavity; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(3) filling sagger powder into the die cavity;
(4) pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
(5) jacking the lower die at the side part to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the side lower die is as follows:
x＝Tp-Hp+Ts-Hs
wherein x is the jacking displacement of the lower die at the side part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(6) pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
wherein, the downward displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
(7) after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hs-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(8) and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the side lower die to the initial positions.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the thickness T of the bottom of a saggersAnd a compression ratio ε; dividing the non-equal-height side into a plurality of side units according to the height of the non-equal-height side, and recording the height H of each side unitsi(ii) a Dividing the side lower die into a plurality of side lower die cores according to the side units;
(2) moving the plurality of side lower mold cores and the mold frame to an initial position so that the bottom lower mold core, the side lower mold and the mold frame enclose to form a mold cavity; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a plurality of second die cavities for accommodating a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypiComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tpi＝εHsi
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, ε is the compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
(3) filling sagger powder into the die cavity;
(4) pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
(5) jacking up the side lower mold cores to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body; in the prepressing process, the jacking displacement of the lower die cores at the side parts is controlled so as to keep the compression ratio of the powder aggregate at the side parts of a plurality of groups to be the same;
wherein, the jack-up displacement of mold core under the ith side does:
xi＝Tpi-Hp+Ts-Hsi
wherein x isiFor the jacking displacement of the mold core at the ith lateral part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at any moment of different side parts accords with the following relationship:
Figure BDA0002839520760000031
wherein D isiAt any moment in the pre-pressing processJacking displacement of the i side lower cores, DimaxThe side lower mold core corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height is jacked up and displaced at any moment in the prepressing process, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TpimaxThe depth of the second die cavity corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height;
(6) pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the plurality of side lower mold cores still, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
wherein, the downward displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
(7) after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hsmax-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsmaxThe height of the side unit that is the maximum height;
(8) and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the plurality of side lower die cores to the initial positions.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-10); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the side thickness of the sagger is (5-50): 1.
as the improvement of the technical scheme, the side lower die comprises 2-12 side lower die cores.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a sagger dry-method pressing forming device, which is used for implementing the sagger dry-method pressing forming method and comprises a die frame, an upper die core, a bottom lower die core and a side lower die, wherein the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die form a die cavity for containing sagger powder, and the sagger powder positioned above the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower die core and the side lower die;
during pressing, the upper mold core is pressed down to the upper surface of the mold cavity, and then the lower mold at the side part is jacked up to pre-press the sagger powder to form a pre-pressed green body; and then pressing the upper mold core down into the mold cavity, keeping the lower mold cores at the side part and the bottom part immovable, and pressing the prepressing blank into a sagger through the upper mold core.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the mould frame can be moved separately to take out the sagger after the pressing is finished.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores which can move independently and divide sagger powder positioned above the side lower die cores into a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates; and during pressing, the plurality of groups of side lower die cores move independently.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a sagger which is formed by adopting the press forming method.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sagger fully considers the structural characteristics of the sagger, and is provided with a fixed bottom lower die core, an upper die core capable of moving independently and a side lower die during forming; when in compression molding, the lower die at the side part is jacked up for a preset distance for prepressing, and then the upper die core is pressed down integrally for pressing; the forming mode can improve the uniformity of different positions of the sagger to a certain degree and improve the strength of the sagger; meanwhile, only the upper die core is used for integrally pressing in the high-pressure pressing stage, so that the integral pressure is convenient to control, the control difficulty is reduced, and the equipment requirement on the side lower die is also reduced. In addition, the forming method can effectively reduce the forming fracture rate of the saggar and reduce the defects of forming cracks and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for forming a sagger by pressing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a state diagram of the press molding apparatus after step S102;
fig. 3 is a state diagram of the press molding apparatus after step S103;
fig. 4 is a state diagram of the press molding apparatus after step S105;
fig. 5 is a state diagram of the press molding apparatus after step S106;
fig. 6 is a state diagram of the press molding apparatus after step S107;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for pressing a sagger in another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
As a first aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a dry press molding method of a sagger, comprising:
(1) distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
(2) pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
specifically, the lower surface of the upper mold core is kept flush with the upper surface of the mold cavity (i.e., the plane of the upper surface of the mold frame).
(3) Jacking the side lower die to a preset height to form a pre-pressed blank body;
(4) and pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
(5) and after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, lowering the mold frame and taking out the sagger.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a sagger pressing method includes the following steps:
s101: determining the thickness of the bottom of the sagger, the height of the side edge and the compression ratio;
specifically, in this embodiment, the sagger has one or more sides with uniform height. And the thickness of the bottom of the sagger: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-10); bottom width: the side thickness of the sagger is (5-50): 1. preferably, the thickness of the bottom: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-8), bottom width: and the thickness of the side edge of the sagger is (5-30): 1; the sagger has the advantages that the height of the side edge of the sagger is relatively low, the thickness of the side edge of the sagger is relatively wide, the uniformity of the sagger can be ensured by applying an acting force on the whole upper die core, a pressing mode that the side edge lower die and the upper die core apply pressure together is not needed, and the equipment requirement on the side edge lower die core is reduced; the control difficulty is reduced, and the defects that cracks and even fracture are generated at the joint of the bottom of the sagger and the side edge of the sagger due to poor control of the side lower die and the upper die core are reduced.
Specifically, the side height HsRefers to the height from the outer surface of the bottom of the sagger to the top surface of the side of the sagger.
Specifically, the compression ratio epsilon is determined according to the formula and the granularity of the sagger powder, and specifically, the compression ratio can be 1.5-3, but the method is not limited to the specific compression ratio epsilon. In the present invention, the compression ratio refers not only to the ratio of the depth of the filler to the target thickness/height before and after molding, but also to the ratio of the depth of the bottom filler of the sagger to the bottom thickness of the sagger at any time during pressing, and the ratio of the depth of the side filler of the sagger to the side height of the sagger at that time.
S102: moving the side lower die and the die frame to initial positions so that the bottom lower die core, the side lower die and the die frame enclose to form a die cavity;
wherein, referring to fig. 2, the mold cavity comprises a first mold cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second mold cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
s103: filling sagger powder into the mold cavity;
specifically, referring to fig. 3, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold core divide the sagger powder located above them into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate. Wherein, the thickness (filling depth) of the powder aggregate at the bottom and the depth H of the first die cavitypThe same; thickness of side powder aggregate (depth of filler) and depth T of second cavitypThe same is true.
S104: pressing the upper mold core down to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
specifically, the upper mold core is pressed down, and the lower surface of the upper mold core is kept flush with the upper surface of the mold cavity.
S105: jacking the lower die on the side part to pre-press the sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body;
specifically, the lower die at the side part is jacked up, and the powder aggregate is pre-pressed to form a pre-pressed blank body (see fig. 4); wherein, the jacking displacement of the lateral lower die is as follows:
x＝Tp-Hp+Ts-Hs
wherein x is the jacking displacement of the lower die at the side part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
s106: pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
specifically, the upper mold core is pressed down into the mold cavity to press the pre-pressed green body, and a sagger is formed after pressing (see fig. 5). Wherein, the pressing displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing stage, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
s107: after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hs-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger.
Specifically, the lifting displacement of the upper mold core is larger than the maximum downward movement displacement of the upper mold core after the upper mold core is contacted with the saggar powder, so that a certain space is formed between the upper mold core and the upper surface of the mold frame, and the material distribution is facilitated.
Specifically, since the sagger has a fragile structure, the sagger may be damaged by directly pushing up the lower mold core at the bottom, and thus, the entire sagger is lowered (see fig. 6).
S108: and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the side lower die to the initial positions.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for forming a sagger by pressing includes the steps of:
s201: determining the thickness T of the bottom of a saggersAnd a compression ratio ε; dividing the non-equal-height side into a plurality of side units according to the height of the non-equal-height side, and recording the height H of each side unitsi(ii) a Dividing the side lower die into a plurality of side lower die cores according to the side units;
wherein the sagger has sides with different heights. And the thickness of the bottom of the sagger: the maximum height of the side edge of the sagger is 1: (3-10); bottom width: the maximum thickness of the side edge of the sagger is (5-50): 1. preferably, the thickness of the bottom: the maximum height of the side edge of the sagger is 1: (3-8), bottom width: the maximum thickness of the side edge of the sagger is (5-30): 1; the sagger has the advantages that the height of the side edge of the sagger is relatively low, the thickness of the side edge of the sagger is relatively wide, the uniformity of the sagger can be ensured by applying an acting force on the whole upper die core, a pressing mode that the side edge lower die and the upper die core apply pressure together is not needed, and the equipment requirement on the side edge lower die core is reduced; the control difficulty is reduced, and the defects that cracks and even fracture are generated at the joint of the bottom of the sagger and the side edge of the sagger due to poor control of the side lower die and the upper die core are reduced.
Specifically, the side lower die is divided into a plurality of side lower die cores according to the positions and shapes of the side units, each side lower die core can be driven independently, or two or more side lower die cores can be driven simultaneously, but the side lower die is not limited to this.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the side lower die comprises 2-12 side lower die cores; when the lower mold core is too much, sealing is difficult.
S202: moving the plurality of side lower mold cores and the mold frame to an initial position so that the bottom lower mold core, the side lower mold and the mold frame enclose to form a mold cavity;
the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the powder aggregate at the bottom and a plurality of second die cavities for accommodating a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypiComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tpi＝εHsi
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, ε is the compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
s203: filling sagger powder into the mold cavity;
specifically, the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower molds is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates. Wherein, the thickness (filling depth) of the powder aggregate at the bottom and the depth H of the first die cavitypThe same; thickness of powder aggregate on ith group side (depth of filler) and depth T of ith second cavitypiThe same is true.
S204: pressing the upper mold core down to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
specifically, the upper mold core is pressed down, and the lower surface of the upper mold core is kept flush with the upper surface of the mold cavity.
S205: jacking up the lower die cores on the side parts to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body;
specifically, the lower die at the side part is jacked up, and the powder aggregate is pre-pressed to form a pre-pressed blank body; in the prepressing process, the jacking displacement of the lower die cores at the side parts is controlled so as to keep the compression ratio of the powder aggregate at the side parts of a plurality of groups to be the same;
wherein, the jack-up displacement of mold core under the ith side does:
xi＝Tpi-Hp+Ts-Hsi
wherein x isiFor the total jacking displacement of the mold core at the ith lateral part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at any moment of different side parts accords with the following relationship:
Figure BDA0002839520760000091
wherein D isiFor the jacking displacement of the ith side lower mold core at any moment in the prepressing process, DimaxThe side lower mold core corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height is jacked up and displaced at any moment in the prepressing process, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TpimaxThe depth of the second die cavity corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height;
s206: pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the plurality of side lower mold cores still, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
specifically, the upper mold core is pressed down to press the pre-pressed green body, and a sagger is formed after pressing. Wherein, the pressing displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing stage, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
s207: after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein, the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hsmax-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsmaxThe height of the side unit that is the maximum height;
specifically, the lifting displacement of the upper mold core is larger than the maximum downward movement displacement of the upper mold core after the upper mold core is contacted with the saggar powder, so that a certain space is formed between the upper mold core and the upper surface of the mold frame, and the material distribution is facilitated.
Specifically, since the sagger is structurally fragile, if the sagger is directly jacked up through the bottom lower mold core, the sagger can be damaged, and therefore the scheme that the overall sagger descends is adopted.
S208: and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the plurality of side lower die cores to the initial positions.
As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention discloses a sagger press-forming apparatus, see fig. 2 to 6, which comprises a mold frame 1, an upper mold core 2, a bottom lower mold core 3, and a side lower mold 4, wherein the mold frame 1, the bottom lower mold core 3, and the side lower mold 4 form a mold cavity 6 for accommodating sagger powder 5, and the bottom lower mold core 3 and the side lower mold 4 divide the sagger powder located above them into a bottom powder aggregate 51 and a side powder aggregate 52; during pressing, the upper mold core 2 is pressed down to the upper surface of the mold cavity, and then the lower mold 4 at the side part is jacked up to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed green body; the upper core 2 is then pressed down into the cavity 6, the side lower dies 4 and the bottom lower die core 3 are kept stationary, and the preform is pressed into a sagger by the upper core. Further, the mould frame 1 can be moved to take out the sagger 8 after the pressing is finished.
The sagger press forming equipment also comprises a driving device 7 which can be a driving oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric driving device or the like, but is not limited to the above. Specifically, the driving means 7 includes a first driving means 71 for driving the upper mold core 2, a second driving means 72 for driving the mold frame 2, and a third driving means 73 for driving the side lower mold 4. Wherein, the first driving device 71 is arranged above the upper mold core 2, the second driving device 72 is arranged above the mold frame 1, and 2 second driving devices 72 are arranged above the mold frame 2 for driving the mold frame 2 more stably; the third driving device 73 is disposed below the side lower mold 4. Further, in order to more stably drive the side lower molds 4, 2 or more third driving devices 73 are provided below the side lower molds 4. It should be noted that no drive 7 is provided below the bottom lower mold core 3, and it remains stationary before and after pressing.
Further, in order to form sagger with non-uniform side height, the side lower mold 4 may include a plurality of side lower mold cores capable of moving independently, and in an embodiment of the present invention, a third driving device 73 is disposed below each side lower mold core to realize independent movement without being influenced by other side lower mold cores. In other embodiments of the present invention, the side lower cores may be moved in groups, i.e., 2 or more lower cores (corresponding to the same thickness side unit) may be driven by using one third driving device 73 in common. Through the structure, the compression ratio of the powder aggregates on the side edges of different groups can be kept the same in the pre-pressing process, and the pressing uniformity is improved.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a sagger which is pressed and formed by adopting the pressing method.
By adopting the forming method, the pressing yield of the saggar can be improved to more than 85% (the yield of the traditional dry pressing forming method is about 75%).
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sagger dry pressing forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
jacking the side lower die to a preset height to form a pre-pressed blank body;
and pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger.
2. The method of dry compacting sagger set forth in claim 1, further comprising:
and after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, lowering the mold frame and taking out the sagger.
3. A method of dry compacting sagger as claimed in claim 2, including
(1) Determining the thickness T of the bottom of a saggersHeight H of side edgesAnd a compression ratio ε;
(2) moving the side lower die and the die frame to initial positions so that the bottom lower die core, the side lower die and the die frame enclose to form a die cavity; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(3) filling sagger powder into the die cavity;
(4) pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
(5) jacking the lower die at the side part to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the side lower die is as follows:
x＝Tp-Hp+Ts-Hs
wherein x is the jacking displacement of the lower die at the side part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(6) pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
wherein, the downward displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
(7) after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hs-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
(8) and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the side lower die to the initial positions.
4. The method for dry-press forming of a sagger as claimed in claim 2, comprising:
(1) determining the thickness T of the bottom of a saggersAnd a compression ratio ε; dividing the non-equal-height side into a plurality of side units according to the height of the non-equal-height side, and recording the height H of each side unitsi(ii) a Dividing the side lower die into a plurality of side lower die cores according to the side units;
(2) moving the plurality of side lower mold cores and the mold frame to an initial position so that the bottom lower mold core, the side lower mold and the mold frame enclose to form a mold cavity; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a plurality of second die cavities for accommodating a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypiComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tpi＝εHsi
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, ε is the compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
(3) filling sagger powder into the die cavity;
(4) pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
(5) jacking up the side lower mold cores to pre-press sagger powder to form a pre-pressed blank body; in the prepressing process, the jacking displacement of the lower die cores at the side parts is controlled so as to keep the compression ratio of the powder aggregate at the side parts of a plurality of groups to be the same;
wherein, the jack-up displacement of mold core under the ith side does:
xi＝Tpi-Hp+Ts-Hsi
wherein x isiFor the jacking displacement of the mold core at the ith lateral part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at any moment of different side parts accords with the following relationship:
Figure FDA0002839520750000031
wherein D isiFor the jacking displacement of the ith side lower mold core at any moment in the prepressing process, DimaxThe side lower mold core corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height is in the prepressing processJacking displacement at any one time, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TpimaxThe depth of the second die cavity corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height;
(6) pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the plurality of side lower mold cores still, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger;
wherein, the downward displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
(7) after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, and moving the mold frame downwards;
wherein the downward shift z of the mold frame is:
z＝Hp+Hsmax-Ts
wherein z is the downward displacement of the mold frame after pressing is finished, and HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsmaxThe height of the side unit that is the maximum height;
(8) and taking out the sagger, and restoring the die frame and the plurality of side lower die cores to the initial positions.
5. A method for dry-press forming of sagger as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein said thickness of sagger bottom: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-10); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the side thickness of the sagger is (5-50): 1.
6. the dry press molding method for sagger as claimed in claim 4, wherein said side lower molds comprise 2-12 side lower molds.
7. A sagger dry-method press forming device for implementing the sagger dry-method press forming method of any claim 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing sagger powder, and the sagger powder positioned above the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold are divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate;
during pressing, the upper mold core is pressed down to the upper surface of the mold cavity, and then the lower mold at the side part is jacked up to pre-press the sagger powder to form a pre-pressed green body; and then pressing the upper mold core down into the mold cavity, keeping the lower mold cores at the side part and the bottom part immovable, and pressing the prepressing blank into a sagger through the upper mold core.
8. Sagger dry compaction apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the mould frame is individually movable to remove the sagger after compaction is complete.
9. Sagger dry press forming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said side lower dies comprise a plurality of independently movable side lower die cores which divide the sagger powder located above them into a plurality of sets of side powder aggregates; and during pressing, the plurality of groups of side lower die cores move independently.
10. A sagger which is obtained by molding the sagger according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by a dry press molding method.
CN202011486600.5A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Sagger dry-method pressing forming method and equipment and sagger Active CN112720798B (en)

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CN204235669U (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-04-01 宜兴中村窑业有限公司 A kind of saggar and mfg. moulding die thereof
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JPH10278017A (en) * 1997-04-10 1998-10-20 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Molding tool for hydraulic inorganic molded product
CN101125285A (en) * 2007-07-27 2008-02-20 房建春 Pressing ball forming method and device
CN103273561A (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-09-04 湖南省美程陶瓷科技有限公司 Electronic ceramic dry-pressing die
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114152088A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-08 江苏润鸿高温窑具有限公司 Sintering processing technology and processing system for high-quality lithium battery positive electrode material
CN114152088B (en) * 2021-11-25 2024-02-23 江苏润鸿高温窑具有限公司 Sintering processing technology and processing system for high-quality lithium battery anode material

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