CN215660859U - Casket-like bowl compression moulding equipment and casket-like bowl - Google Patents
Casket-like bowl compression moulding equipment and casket-like bowl Download PDFInfo
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- CN215660859U CN215660859U CN202023061602.8U CN202023061602U CN215660859U CN 215660859 U CN215660859 U CN 215660859U CN 202023061602 U CN202023061602 U CN 202023061602U CN 215660859 U CN215660859 U CN 215660859U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses sagger press forming equipment which is used for forming saggers and is characterized by comprising a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing sagger powder; the upper mold core is arranged above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold, the side lower mold is arranged on the outer side of the bottom lower mold core, and the mold frame is arranged on the outer side of the side lower mold; the upper mold core can move independently, the side lower mold can move independently, and the bottom lower mold core is fixed. Correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a sagger. By implementing the sagger forming method, the uniformity of different positions of the sagger can be effectively improved, the forming fracture of the sagger is prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a press and the technical field of press forming, in particular to sagger pressing forming equipment and a sagger.
Background
Sagger is a common type of kiln furniture that generally has a bottom and sides, with the bottom being generally rectangular or circular. When used, saggers generally need to have superior refractoriness, high temperature structural strength and thermal stability. The guarantee of the characteristics depends on good pressing, and the sagger needs to be pressed uniformly and has consistent density; the two sagger should not have the defects of cracks and the like.
In the prior art, in order to ensure uniformity and density, an isostatic pressing process is generally adopted to form a sagger (such as CN 109551612A); but the isostatic compaction efficiency is low, the equipment structure is complex, and the maintenance cost is high. Another common method is to use dry pressing method to form, specifically, a mold with a specific shape is selected and pressed together by an upper mold core or an upper and a lower mold cores to obtain the sagger. As in CN111574227A, it is pressed to form a sagger with a mold of a specific shape, an upper ram and a lower ram, and at the time of pressing, pressing is performed in a form of pressing up and down, and then ejected with the lower ram. However, it is difficult to ensure the same compression ratio of the side edges and the bottom portion and to ensure uniformity in this form of pressing. In addition, the forming process is prone to fracture or crack defects at the joints of the side edges and the bottom during the pressing process, which leads to the reduction of the high-temperature structural strength of the sagger. Moreover, this mold is fixed in form and is difficult to adapt to the production of saggers of various sizes.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a sagger pressing and forming device, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the sagger and the strength of the sagger.
The utility model also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a sagger.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model discloses sagger press forming equipment which is used for forming saggers and comprises a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing sagger powder; the upper mold core is arranged above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold, the side lower mold is arranged on the outer side of the bottom lower mold core, and the mold frame is arranged on the outer side of the side lower mold;
the upper mold core can move independently, the side lower mold can move independently, and the bottom lower mold core is fixed.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the mould frame can be moved separately to take out the sagger after the pressing is finished.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the mold further comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device comprises a first driving device for driving the upper mold core, a second driving device for driving the mold frame, and a third driving device for driving the side lower mold;
the first driving device is arranged above the upper mold core, the second driving device is arranged above the mold frame, and the third driving device is arranged below the lateral lower mold.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate;
during pressing, the upper die core is integrally pressed down, the bottom lower die core is kept still, the side lower die is jacked upwards, and the sagger is formed by pressing through the relative movement of the upper die core, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die;
and the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (5-20); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the side thickness of the sagger is (20-100): 1.
as an improvement of the technical scheme, the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores which can move independently and divide sagger powder positioned above the side lower die cores into a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates;
and during pressing, the plurality of groups of side lower die cores move independently so that the compression ratios of different groups of side powder aggregates are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
As the improvement of the technical scheme, the side lower die comprises 2-12 side lower die cores.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-10); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: the side thickness of the sagger is (5-50): 1.
correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a sagger which is formed by adopting the sagger pressing forming equipment.
The implementation of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the sagger fully considers the structural characteristics of the sagger, and is provided with a fixed bottom lower die core, an upper die core capable of moving independently and a side lower die during forming; during compression molding, the movement of the upper mold core and the lateral lower mold is controlled, so that the uniformity of different positions of the sagger is effectively enhanced, and the strength of the sagger is improved; meanwhile, the forming fracture of the composite material is effectively prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sagger press-forming apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a state of a press molding apparatus after step (1) in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (2) in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the press-molding apparatus after step (3) in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (2) in example 3;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of a press molding apparatus after step (3) in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (4) in example 3;
FIG. 8 is a view showing a state of a press molding apparatus after step (5) in example 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a sagger press forming apparatus, referring to fig. 1 to 4, including: the sagger powder forming mold comprises a mold frame 1, an upper mold core 2, a bottom lower mold core 3 and a side lower mold 4, wherein the mold frame 1, the bottom lower mold core 3 and the side lower mold 4 form a mold cavity 6 for containing sagger powder 5. Wherein, go up the die core 2 and set up in bottom lower die core 3 and lateral part lower mould 4's top, lateral part lower mould 4 locates the outside of bottom lower die core 3, and the outside of lateral part lower mould 4 is located to framed 1. Wherein, the upper die core 2 can move independently, the side lower die 4 can move independently, and the bottom lower die core 3 is fixed. Further, the mould frame 1 can be moved to take out the sagger 8 after the pressing is finished. Through the arrangement mode, reasonable control in the pressing process can be realized, so that the uniformity of different positions of the saggar is improved, and the strength of the saggar is improved; meanwhile, the forming fracture of the composite material is effectively prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced.
The sagger press forming equipment also comprises a driving device 7 which can be a driving oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric driving device or the like, but is not limited to the above. Specifically, the driving means 7 includes a first driving means 71 for driving the upper mold core 2, a second driving means 72 for driving the mold frame 2, and a third driving means 73 for driving the side lower mold 4. Wherein, the first driving device 71 is arranged above the upper mold core 2, the second driving device 72 is arranged above the mold frame 1, and 2 second driving devices 72 are arranged above the mold frame 2 for driving the mold frame 2 more stably; the third driving device 73 is disposed below the side lower mold 4. Further, in order to more stably drive the side lower molds 4, 2 or more third driving devices 73 are provided below the side lower molds 4.
Further, in order to form sagger with non-uniform side height, the side lower mold 4 may include a plurality of side lower mold cores capable of moving independently, and in an embodiment of the present invention, a third driving device 73 is disposed below each side lower mold core to realize independent movement without being influenced by other side lower mold cores. In other embodiments of the utility model, the side lower mold cores may be moved in groups, i.e. 2 or more lower mold cores (corresponding to side units of the same height) may be driven by the same third driving means 73. Through the structure, the compression ratios of different groups of side powder aggregates can be maintained to be the same, and the pressing uniformity is improved.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the side lower die comprises 2-12 side lower die cores; when the number of the side lower mold cores is too large, sealing is difficult. Preferably, the side lower mold comprises 8 side lower mold cores.
The cross section of the side lower mold core can be in a regular triangle, square, rectangle or regular hexagon shape; these shapes enable a pattern inlay to be formed, thereby facilitating sealing between the side lower cores. The clearance between the side lower mold cores can be reduced to 0.1mm or less based on the above shape.
Based on the sagger press forming device of the above embodiment, the following two control methods can be adopted, specifically, refer to embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a sagger press-forming method based on the sagger press-forming apparatus of embodiment 1, including:
(1) distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpBeing a second mould cavityDepth, ε is the compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsIs the height of the side;
specifically, the compression ratio epsilon is determined according to the formula and the granularity of the sagger powder, and specifically, the compression ratio can be 1.5-3, but the method is not limited to the specific compression ratio epsilon. In the present invention, the compression ratio refers not only to the ratio of the depth of the filler to the target thickness/height before and after molding, but also to the ratio of the depth of the bottom filler of the sagger to the bottom thickness of the sagger at any time during pressing, and the ratio of the depth of the side filler of the sagger to the side height of the sagger at that time.
(2) Pressing the upper mold core to the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core still, jacking the side lower mold upwards, and pressing the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold to form a sagger through the relative motion of the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
the compression ratio of the bottom powder aggregate and the compression ratio of the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
Wherein, when the displacement that moves down of going up the mold core is x, the displacement that moves down of lateral part lower mould y is:
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpAnd the depth of the second die cavity is defined as x, the downward movement displacement of the upper die core after contacting with the saggar powder is defined as y, and the upward movement displacement of the lower die on the side part is defined as y.
Preferably, when the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores, the displacement of the upper die core and the plurality of side lower die cores is controlled so that the compression ratio of the bottom powder aggregate and the compression ratio of the plurality of groups of side powder aggregates are kept the same during the pressing process and after the pressing process;
wherein when the downward movement displacement of the upper mold core is x, the downward movement displacement of the ith side lower mold core is yiComprises the following steps:
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiThe depth of the ith second die cavity, x is the downward movement displacement of the upper die core after contacting with the saggar powder, yiThe upward movement displacement of the ith side lower mold core is realized;
further, the method also comprises the following steps:
(3) and after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, lowering the mold frame and taking out the sagger.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the bottom of the sagger: the height of the side edge of the sagger (maximum height) is 1: (5-20); bottom width: the side thickness of the sagger is (20-100): 1. such a bowl is narrow on the sides and is difficult to form efficiently by conventional dry pressing. Preferably, the thickness of the bottom: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (15-20); the sagger has the advantages that the height of the side edge of the sagger is too high, and the side edge lower die and the upper die core are adopted to apply acting force together, so that the side edge of the sagger is more uniform.
By adopting the forming method of the embodiment, the pressing yield of the saggar can be improved to more than 95% (the yield of the traditional dry pressing forming method is about 75%).
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a sagger press-forming method based on the sagger press-forming apparatus of embodiment 1, including:
(1) distributing the sagger powder in a die cavity formed by the die frame, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die according to a preset height; the sagger powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate by the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsIs the height of the side;
specifically, the compression ratio epsilon is determined according to the formula and the granularity of the sagger powder, and specifically, the compression ratio can be 1.5-3, but the method is not limited to the specific compression ratio epsilon. In the present invention, the compression ratio refers not only to the ratio of the depth of the filler to the target thickness/height before and after molding, but also to the ratio of the depth of the bottom filler of the sagger to the bottom thickness of the sagger at any time during pressing, and the ratio of the depth of the side filler of the sagger to the side height of the sagger at that time.
(2) Pressing down the upper mold core to the upper surface of the mold cavity;
specifically, the lower surface of the upper mold core is kept flush with the upper surface of the mold cavity (i.e., the plane of the upper surface of the mold frame).
(3) Jacking the side lower die to a preset height, and prepressing the powder aggregate to form a prepressed blank;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lateral lower die is as follows:
x＝Tp-Hp+Ts-Hs
wherein x is the jacking displacement of the lower die at the side part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsThe height of the side of the sagger;
when the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores, the jacking displacement of the side lower die cores is controlled so as to keep the compression ratio of a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates the same;
specifically, the jack-up displacement of mold core under the ith side does:
xi＝Tpi-Hp+Ts-Hsi
wherein x isiFor the total jacking displacement of the mold core at the ith lateral part in the pre-pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TsThickness of the bottom of the sagger HsiIs the height of the ith side cell;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at any moment of different side parts accords with the following relationship:
wherein D isiFor the jacking displacement of the ith side lower mold core at any moment in the prepressing process, DimaxThe side lower mold core corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height is jacked up and displaced at any moment in the prepressing process, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TpimaxThe depth of the second die cavity corresponding to the side unit with the maximum height;
(4) and pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, keeping the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold immobile, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper mold core to form a sagger.
Wherein, the pressing displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing stage, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
(5) and after pressing is finished, lifting the upper mold core, lowering the mold frame and taking out the sagger.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the bottom of the sagger: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-10); bottom width: the side thickness of the sagger is (5-50): 1. preferably, the thickness of the bottom: the height of the lateral side of the sagger is 1: (3-8), bottom width: and the thickness of the side edge of the sagger is (5-30): 1; the sagger has the advantages that the height of the side edge of the sagger is relatively low, the thickness of the side edge of the sagger is relatively wide, the uniformity of the sagger can be ensured by applying an acting force on the whole upper die core, a pressing mode that the side edge lower die and the upper die core apply pressure together is not needed, and the equipment requirement on the side edge lower die core is reduced; the control difficulty is reduced, and the defects that cracks and even fracture are generated at the joint of the bottom of the sagger and the side edge of the sagger due to poor control of the side lower die and the upper die core are reduced.
By adopting the forming method of the embodiment, the pressing yield of the saggar can be improved to more than 85% (the yield of the traditional dry pressing forming method is about 75%).
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these modifications and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A sagger press forming device is used for forming saggers and is characterized by comprising a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing sagger powder; the upper mold core is arranged above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold, the side lower mold is arranged on the outer side of the bottom lower mold core, and the mold frame is arranged on the outer side of the side lower mold;
the upper mold core can move independently, the side lower mold can move independently, and the bottom lower mold core is fixed.
2. Sagger press forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising driving means including first driving means for driving said upper mold core, second driving means for driving said mold frame, third driving means for driving said side lower molds;
the first driving device is arranged above the upper mold core, the second driving device is arranged above the mold frame, and the third driving device is arranged below the lateral lower mold.
3. Sagger press forming equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sagger powder located above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold core is divided into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate;
during pressing, the upper die core is integrally pressed down, the bottom lower die core is kept still, the side lower die is jacked upwards, and the sagger is formed by pressing through the relative movement of the upper die core, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die;
and the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
4. Sagger press forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said sagger bottom thickness: sagger side height = 1: (5-20); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: sagger side thickness = (20-100): 1.
5. saggar press forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said side lower dies comprise a plurality of side lower die cores which are individually movable and divide saggar powder located above them into a plurality of sets of side powder aggregates;
and during pressing, the plurality of groups of side lower die cores move independently so that the compression ratios of different groups of side powder aggregates are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
6. The saggar press forming apparatus of claim 5, wherein the side lower molds include 2-12 side lower molds.
7. Sagger press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said sagger bottom thickness: sagger side height = 1: (3-10); the width of the bottom of the sagger is as follows: sagger side thickness = (5-50): 1.
8. a sagger, characterized in that, it is formed by the sagger press forming device of any claim 1-7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023061602.8U CN215660859U (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Casket-like bowl compression moulding equipment and casket-like bowl |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023061602.8U CN215660859U (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Casket-like bowl compression moulding equipment and casket-like bowl |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215660859U true CN215660859U (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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ID=79949458
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202023061602.8U Active CN215660859U (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Casket-like bowl compression moulding equipment and casket-like bowl |
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| CN (1) | CN215660859U (en) |
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