CN111571773A - A kind of non-equal thickness brick press molding equipment, method and non-equal thickness brick - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses non-uniform-thickness green brick pressing and forming equipment, which comprises a die frame, an upper die and a lower die, wherein the lower die and the die frame form a die cavity for containing green brick powder; the lower die comprises a plurality of groups of lower die cores capable of moving independently, and the plurality of groups of lower die cores divide the green brick powder positioned above the lower die cores into a plurality of groups of powder aggregates; the upper die integrally moves, a plurality of groups of lower die cores independently move, and green brick powder is pressed into non-uniform-thickness green bricks through the relative motion of the upper die and the lower die; the compression ratio of different groups of powder aggregates is kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a pressing forming method of the non-uniform-thickness green brick and the non-uniform-thickness green brick formed by the method. The forming equipment and the forming method can effectively improve the internal uniformity of the non-uniform-thickness green bricks and improve the strength of the non-uniform-thickness green bricks.

Description

A kind of non-equal thickness brick press molding equipment, method and non-equal thickness brick

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of presses and press forming, in particular to an apparatus and method for pressing and forming non-equal thickness bricks and non-equal thickness bricks.

Background technique

Existing brick forming methods include extrusion and dry pressing. The extrusion method is to extrude the slurry through a specific die, which can form various irregular shaped parts with uneven thickness, but its production cycle is long and the requirements for raw materials are high. The dry pressing method is to arrange the powder into the mold cavity, and then form it through the joint action of the upper and lower mold cores. It has high efficiency and low requirements for raw materials. It is currently used on a large scale in the production of bricks.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, when using the dry pressing method to produce irregular bricks with different thicknesses: first arrange the powder into the cavity composed of the lower core A and the frame B, and then pass the upper core C downward. Press to get bricks. During the pressing process, the lower core A remains stationary or is lifted upwards. The existing lower core A is an integrally driven (or stationary) entity, but in order to form irregular bricks, it is provided with a protruding part D; when fabricating, the fabric depth of the protruding part of the lower core is H ₂ , and the rest of the is H ₁ ; after pressing, the thickness of the protruding part of the lower core corresponding to the brick is h ₂ , and the rest is h ₁ ; the compression ratio of the thicker part of the brick is ε ₁ =H ₁ /h ₁ , and the thinner part of the brick is h 1 . The compression ratio of ε ₂ =H ₂ /h ₂ ; it is clear that ε ₁ ≠ε ₂ . The uniformity and density of dry-pressed bricks have a great relationship with their compression ratio; bricks with poor density and non-uniformity are prone to fracture and edge cracks during the later firing (curing) process. Especially for some bricks with larger thickness, this different compression ratio will lead to a large difference in the density of different areas in the brick, making the brick strength small, making it easy to break in the later processing, affecting the yield. For example, in the existing refractory brick production process, the yield is mostly about 80%.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a non-equal thickness brick pressing and forming equipment, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the non-equal thickness brick and enhance the brick strength.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for pressing and forming non-equal thickness bricks, which can effectively improve the uniformity of non-equal thickness bricks and improve the strength of bricks.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a non-equal thickness brick.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a non-equal thickness brick pressing and forming equipment, which is characterized in that it includes a mold frame, an upper mold and a lower mold, and the lower mold and the mold frame form a mold cavity for accommodating brick powder. The lower mold comprises multiple groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently, and the multiple groups of lower mold cores divide the brick powder above them into multiple groups of powder aggregates;

The upper mold moves as a whole, and the multiple sets of lower mold cores move independently, and the brick powder is pressed by the relative motion of the upper mold and the lower mold to form non-equal thickness bricks;

During and after pressing, the compression ratios of different groups of powder aggregates remained the same.

Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses a method for pressing and forming a non-equal thickness brick blank, which comprises:

The brick powder is distributed in the mold cavity formed by the mold frame and the lower mold according to the preset height;

The lower mold includes multiple groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently, and the multiple groups of lower mold cores divide the brick powder above it into multiple groups of powder aggregates;

The upper mold moves as a whole, and the multiple sets of lower mold cores move independently, and the brick powder is pressed by the relative motion of the upper mold and the lower mold to form non-equal thickness bricks;

Among them, during the pressing process and after the pressing, the compression ratios of different groups of powder aggregates remain the same.

As the improvement of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the described compression molding method comprises:

(1) Divide the non-equal thickness brick into multiple brick units according to the target thickness of the non-equal thickness brick, record the thickness _hi of each brick unit; lower core;

(2) Determine the compression ratio ε;

(3) moving the lower mold core corresponding to each brick unit to the initial position, so that the lower mold core and the mold frame are enclosed to form a mold cavity;

Among them, when the i-th lower mold core is at its initial position, the distance H _i between its bottom and the top of the mold frame is:

H _i =εh _i

Among them, ε is the compression ratio, H _i is the distance between the tops of the bottom mold frames of the i-th group of lower mold cores at the initial position, and _hi is the thickness of the i-th group of brick units;

(4) filling the brick powder into the mold cavity, and dividing the brick powder above it into multiple groups of powder aggregates by multiple sets of lower mold cores;

(5) Move the upper mold and the lower mold core to compress the brick powder; during the compression process, control the displacement of the upper mold and the lower mold core, so that the compression process and the end of the compression process, the compression of different groups of powder aggregates than the same;

Among them, when the downward displacement of the upper die is x, the downward displacement of the i-th lower die core is:

Among them, _yi is the downward displacement of the ith group of lower mold cores, h _max is the maximum thickness of non-equal thickness bricks, hi is the thickness of the _i -th brick unit, and x is the downward displacement of the upper mold.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, in step (1), the section of the brick unit is one or more of a triangle, a rectangle, a circle, a pentagon, a hexagon or an octagon.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the maximum thickness of the non-equal thickness brick is 20-2000mm.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the unequal thickness brick blanks are ceramic brick blanks, refractory brick blanks, artificial stone granite blanks or artificial quartz stone blanks.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the lower mold includes 2-50 sets of lower mold cores.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the lower mold includes 2-4 sets of lower mold cores.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, in step (5), the lower mold core corresponding to the brick unit with the largest thickness does not move.

Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses an unequal thickness brick blank, which is formed by the above-mentioned forming method.

Implement the present invention, have the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, the lower molds are arranged into several groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently. During the pressing process, these lower mold cores move independently under the drive of the driving device, and the movements of the respective lower mold cores are not affected by each other. Thus, the compression ratios of different parts of the unequal thickness bricks are effectively guaranteed to be consistent, the uniformity of different positions of the bricks is enhanced, and the strength of the bricks is improved.

2. The unequal thickness brick forming method of the present invention divides the unequal thickness brick into brick units with different thicknesses, and accordingly, according to the brick unit, the lower mold is divided into multiple groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently. During molding, by controlling the depth of filler, the displacement of different lower mold cores and the displacement of upper mold, the compression ratio of each part of the molded brick is the same, which enhances the uniformity of different positions of the brick and improves the strength of the brick.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the state schematic diagram of non-equal thickness brick material cloth in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the state schematic diagram after pressing molding of non-equal thickness brick blanks in the prior art;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-equal thickness brick pressing and forming equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of a kind of non-equal thickness brick press molding method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-equal thickness brick in Example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the state of non-equal thickness brick cloth in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the state of the non-equal thickness brick blank after molding in Example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below.

As the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention discloses a non-equal thickness brick press molding equipment, referring to FIG. 3 , which includes a mold frame 1, an upper mold 2 and a lower mold 3, and the mold frame 1 and the lower mold 3 are enclosed. A mold cavity 4 is formed, and the mold cavity 4 is used to accommodate the powder 5 . Wherein, the lower mold 3 includes multiple groups of lower mold cores 31 that can be moved independently. Correspondingly, the brick powder 5 includes multiple groups of powder aggregates 51 arranged above different lower mold cores. During pressing, the upper die 2 moves as a whole, and multiple sets of lower die cores 31 move individually, and the brick powder 5 is pressed to form bricks of uneven thickness through the relative motion of the upper die 2 and the lower die 3; , the compression ratios of different groups of powder aggregates 41 remain the same.

Specifically, each lower mold core 31 is driven by a driving device 6 disposed below it, and the driving device may be a driving oil cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electric driving device, etc., but is not limited thereto.

In the non-equal thickness brick forming equipment of the present invention, the lower mold is set into several groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently. The displacement of the lower core effectively ensures that the compression ratios of different parts of the unequal-thickness bricks are consistent, enhances the uniformity of different positions of the bricks, and improves the strength of the bricks.

Correspondingly, as a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention discloses a non-equal thickness brick press molding method based on the above non-equal thickness brick press molding equipment, which comprises: (1) presetting the brick powder 5 according to the preset The height distribution is in the mold cavity 5 formed by the mold frame 1 and the lower mold 3; (2) the lower mold 3 includes multiple groups of lower mold cores 31 that can be moved independently, and the multiple groups of lower mold cores 31 will be located above the brick powder 5. It is divided into multiple groups of powder aggregates 51; (3) the upper mold 2 moves as a whole, and multiple groups of lower mold cores 31 move individually, and the brick powder 5 is pressed by the relative motion of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 3 to form non-equal thickness brick; Moreover, the compression ratios of different groups of powder aggregates remain the same during and after the pressing.

Preferably, with reference to FIG. 4 , the non-equal thickness brick press molding method in the present invention comprises the following steps:

S1: Divide the non-equal thickness brick into multiple brick units according to the target thickness of the non-equal thickness brick, record the thickness _hi of each brick unit; mold core;

Specifically, S1 includes:

S11: According to the target thickness, divide the bricks with different thicknesses to be formed, divide the parts with the same thickness into the same brick unit, and record the thickness _hi ;

Specifically, the shape of the section of the brick blank unit may be a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, etc., but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the section of the brick unit is equilateral triangle, square, rectangle or hexagon; these shapes can form a graphic mosaic.

Specifically, in the present invention, the unequal thickness bricks comprise 2-50 brick units, preferably 2-4.

Specifically, in the present invention, the thickness of the unequal thickness brick is 8-2000mm; exemplarily, it can be 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 20mm, 40mm, 80mm, 120mm, 500mm, 1000mm or 2000mm, but not limited to this . Preferably, the thickness of the unequal thickness brick is 20-2000mm; more preferably, it is 20-200mm. Unequal thickness bricks in this thickness range have a greater influence on their strength and yield.

S12: Divide the lower die of the press into multiple sets of lower die cores according to the section of the brick unit;

Specifically, according to the position and shape of the brick unit, the lower mold of the press is divided into multiple groups of lower mold cores; each group of lower mold cores can be driven independently, and its movement is not affected by other lower mold cores.

The cross-sectional shape of the lower core may be circular, oval, triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, etc., but not limited thereto. Preferably, the cross-section of the lower mold core is an equilateral triangle, a square, a rectangle or a regular hexagon; these shapes can form a graphic mosaic, thereby making it easy to seal between the lower mold cores. Based on the above-mentioned shape of the lower core, the gap between them can be reduced to less than 0.1mm, and the particles of the pressed powder are larger than 60 mesh (0.25mm), so they will not leak from the gap.

Specifically, in the present invention, the lower mold includes 2 to 50 lower mold cores. When there are too many lower mold cores, it is difficult to seal, and the powder will leak from the gap of the lower mold core. Preferably, the lower mold includes 2-4 lower mold cores.

S2: Determine the compression ratio ε;

Specifically, the compression ratio is determined according to the type of powder and the type of brick. For example, for ordinary ceramic bricks, the compression ratio should be controlled between 2.5 and 4; for ordinary refractory bricks, the compression ratio should be controlled between 1.5 and 3. Those skilled in the art can select the compression ratio according to specific working conditions.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the compression ratio is not only the ratio of the initial filler depth before and after molding to the thickness of the brick after molding. It also refers to the ratio of the initial filler depth to the powder thickness at any time during the pressing process.

S3: Move the lower mold core corresponding to each brick unit to the initial position, so that the lower mold core and the mold frame are enclosed to form a mold cavity;

Among them, when the i-th lower mold core is at the initial position, the distance H _i between the bottom and the top of the mold frame is:

H _i =εh _i

Specifically, H _i is the distance between the bottom of the lower mold core and the top of the mold frame when the i-th group of lower mold cores is at the initial position (that is, the filling depth of the i-th group of powder aggregates); ε is the compression ratio; h _i is the thickness of the i-th unit of unequal thickness bricks after pressing.

S4: Fill the brick powder into the mold cavity;

Specifically, multiple groups of lower mold cores divide the brick powder above them into multiple groups of powder aggregates, and the thickness (filler depth) of the i-th group of powder aggregates is the bottom of the i-th group of lower mold cores and the top of the mold frame. distance (when in the initial position).

S5: Move the upper mold and the lower mold core, and press the brick powder to obtain a non-equal thickness brick product.

During the pressing process, the displacement of the upper die and the lower die core is controlled so that the compression ratios of different groups of powder aggregates are the same during and after the pressing.

Specifically, when the downward displacement of the upper die is x, the downward displacement of the i-th lower die core is:

Among them, _yi is the downward displacement of the ith group of lower mold cores, h _max is the maximum thickness of non-equal thickness bricks, hi is the thickness of the _i -th brick unit, and x is the downward displacement of the upper mold.

Preferably, in order to facilitate control, during the pressing process, the lower mold core corresponding to the brick unit with the largest thickness does not move; the rest of the lower mold cores move.

Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses an unequal thickness brick blank, which is formed by the above-mentioned forming method.

Specifically, the unequal thickness brick blanks may be ceramic brick blanks, refractory brick blanks, artificial stone granite blanks or artificial quartz stone blanks. The preferred ones are ceramic tile blanks or refractory brick blanks, both of which are formed by dry pressing of powder. Further preferred is the refractory brick body, which has a larger thickness and has a greater influence on its uniformity; and the powder particles used for its molding are larger.

The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments

Example 1

Referring to Figure 5, the present invention provides a kind of non-equal thickness brick, which is a refractory brick; its molding method is as follows:

(1) According to the thickness of the unequal thickness bricks, the unequal thickness bricks are divided into brick units, and the lower mold is correspondingly divided into multiple groups of lower mold cores that can be moved independently according to the brick units;

Specifically, referring to FIG. 5 , according to the thickness, the unequal thickness bricks are divided into a first brick unit 71 and a second brick unit 72 ; wherein, the thickness of the first brick unit 71 is h ₁ =100mm; the thickness of the second brick unit 72 h ₂ =60mm;

6, according to the situation of the brick unit, the lower mold is divided into a first lower mold core 31 corresponding to the first brick unit 71 and a second lower mold core 32 corresponding to the second brick unit 72;

(2) Determine the compression ratio;

According to the powder formula type and strength, determine the compression ratio ε=2.0;

(3) moving the lower mold core corresponding to each brick unit to the initial position, so that the lower mold core and the mold frame are enclosed to form a mold cavity;

Referring to FIG. 6 , when the first lower mold core 31 is at the initial position, the distance between the bottom of the first lower mold core 31 and the top of the mold frame 1 (filling depth) H ₁ =εh ₁ =2.0×100=200mm;

When the second lower mold core 32 is at the initial position, the distance between the bottom of the second lower mold core 31 and the top of the mold frame 1 (filling depth) H ₂ =εh ₂ =2.0×60=120mm;

(4) filling the brick powder into the mold cavity 4 formed by the mold frame, the first lower mold core 31, and the second lower mold core 32;

(5) Move the upper die and the lower die core, and press the brick powder to obtain the finished bricks of different thickness;

Wherein, during the pressing process, the first lower mold core 31 is controlled to stand still;

When the moving distance of the upper mold is x, the downward displacement of the second lower mold core is:

During the pressing process, according to the above formula, the displacement of the second lower mold core is controlled according to the displacement of the upper mold.

Referring to Fig. 7, after the pressing is finished, the total displacement of the upper die x _t =H ₁ -h ₁ =200-100=100mm;

And the total displacement of the second lower core is y _2t =0.4x=0.4×100=40mm.

Then according to the displacement calculation, the thickness of the second brick unit h ₂ =H ₂ -x _t +y _2t =120-100+40=60mm, which is the same as the actual situation, and the present invention can be seen.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides an application example of pressing and molding of non-equal thickness brick blanks;

Specifically, stacking and firing 100 non-equal thickness bricks prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

100 pieces of unequal thickness bricks of the same specification prepared in the prior art (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) are stacked and fired;

According to statistics, the yield of non-equal thickness bricks in Example 1 of the present invention is 94%, while the yield in the prior art is only 79%. It can be seen that the unequal thickness bricks prepared by the molding method of the present invention can effectively improve the strength and improve the yield.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A non-uniform-thickness green brick pressing forming device is characterized by comprising a die frame, an upper die and a lower die, wherein the lower die and the die frame form a die cavity for containing green brick powder; the lower die comprises a plurality of groups of lower die cores capable of moving independently, and the plurality of groups of lower die cores divide the green brick powder positioned above the lower die cores into a plurality of groups of powder aggregates;

the upper die integrally moves, a plurality of groups of lower die cores independently move, and green brick powder is pressed into non-uniform-thickness green bricks through the relative motion of the upper die and the lower die;

the compression ratio of different groups of powder aggregates is kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.

2. A pressing forming method of non-uniform-thickness green bricks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

distributing the green brick powder in a die cavity formed by a die frame and a lower die according to a preset height;

the lower die comprises a plurality of groups of lower die cores capable of moving independently, and the plurality of groups of lower die cores divide the green brick powder positioned above the lower die cores into a plurality of groups of powder aggregates;

the upper die integrally moves, a plurality of groups of lower die cores independently move, and green brick powder is pressed into non-uniform-thickness green bricks through the relative motion of the upper die and the lower die;

wherein, the compression ratio of the powder aggregates of different groups is kept the same during the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.

3. The method for press forming a non-uniform thickness green brick according to claim 2, comprising:

(1) dividing the unequal-thickness green bricks into a plurality of green brick units according to the target thickness of the unequal-thickness green bricks, and recording the thickness h of each green brick unit_i(ii) a The lower die is correspondingly divided into a plurality of groups of lower die cores which can move independently according to the adobe units;

(2) determining a compression ratio;

(3) moving the lower mold core corresponding to each green brick unit to an initial position so that the lower mold core and the mold frame enclose to form a mold cavity;

wherein, when the ith group lower die core is positioned at the initial position, the distance H between the bottom of the ith group lower die core and the top of the die frame_iComprises the following steps:

H_i＝h_i

wherein, is the compression ratio, H_iIs the distance between the tops of the bottom die frames h when the i-th group of lower die cores are in the initial position_iIs the thickness of the ith group of green brick units;

(4) the green brick powder is filled into the die cavity, and the green brick powder above the die cavity is divided into a plurality of groups of powder aggregates by the lower die cores;

(5) moving an upper die and a lower die core, and pressing the green brick powder; the pressing process, the displacement of the upper die core and the lower die core is controlled, so that the compression ratio of different groups of powder aggregates is the same after the pressing process and the pressing are finished;

wherein, when the upper die moves down and shifts for x, the i-th group of lower die cores move down and shift for:

wherein, y_iIs the downward movement of the i-th group of lower mold cores, h_maxIs the maximum thickness of the non-uniform-thickness green brick, h_iThe thickness of the ith green brick unit is shown, and x is the downward movement displacement of the upper die.

4. The method for press forming non-uniform-thickness adobe as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the adobe units have one or more of triangular, rectangular, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal or octagonal cross sections.

5. The press-forming method of non-uniform-thickness adobe as claimed in claim 3, wherein the maximum thickness of the non-uniform-thickness adobe is 20 to 2000 mm.

6. The method for press-forming a non-uniform-thickness adobe according to claim 3, wherein the non-uniform-thickness adobe is a ceramic tile body, a refractory brick body, an artificial granite body or an artificial quartz body.

7. The press forming method for non-uniform-thickness green bricks according to claim 3, wherein the lower mold comprises 2-50 sets of lower mold cores.

8. The method for press forming a non-uniform-thickness adobe as claimed in claim 3 or 7, wherein the lower die comprises 2-4 sets of lower die cores.

9. The press-forming method of non-uniform-thickness adobe as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (5), the lower mold core corresponding to the adobe unit with the largest thickness does not move.

10. A non-uniform thickness green brick, characterized in that it is formed by the forming method according to any one of claims 2 to 9.

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