CN112719628A - Complex-color laser foreign matter removing device and method based on foreign matter transparency - Google Patents
Complex-color laser foreign matter removing device and method based on foreign matter transparency Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基于异物透明度的复色激光异物清除装置及方法，包括复色激光发生装置、复色激光合成缩束装置、云台和激光能量探测器，复色激光发生装置包括多个不同波段的激光发生器，复色激光合成缩束装置将复色激光发生装置发射的不同波段的激光进行单向导通与准直聚焦，形成复色激光束，通过云台控制将复色激光束射向异物，激光能量探测器接收近红外波段的异物反射的反射激光，通过反射激光的能量确定异物的透明度，复色激光合成缩束装置根据异物的透明度调整复色激光束的激光构成和功率，对异物进行切割。所述装置及方法通过判别异物透明度，调整各波长的激光发生器的工作情况和功率大小，达到更高的清理效率。
The invention provides a multi-color laser foreign matter removal device and method based on the transparency of foreign objects, including a multi-color laser generating device, a multi-color laser synthesis beam reduction device, a pan/tilt and a laser energy detector. The multi-color laser generating device includes a plurality of different The laser generator of the wavelength band, the polychromatic laser synthesis beam reduction device conducts one-way conduction and collimation focusing of the lasers of different wavelength bands emitted by the polychromatic laser generator to form a polychromatic laser beam. For foreign objects, the laser energy detector receives the reflected laser light reflected by the foreign objects in the near-infrared band, and determines the transparency of the foreign objects by the energy of the reflected laser light. Cut foreign objects. The device and method achieve higher cleaning efficiency by judging the transparency of foreign objects and adjusting the working conditions and power levels of the laser generators of each wavelength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foreign matter removal on overhead transmission lines, in particular to a compound-color laser foreign matter removal device and method based on the transparency of foreign matters.
Background
Due to the complexity of the working environment, the overhead transmission line is often wound by floating foreign matters such as plastic films, kite lines and the like, or is also obstructed by trees and the like. These situations often cause insulation problems of the lines, and further cause damage to the economy, safety and reliability of the power grid.
Under the background, the remote cutting technology of laser is more and more widely applied to the power grid due to the safety and flexibility of the technology, and the technology gradually starts to replace the traditional manual obstacle clearing means. The existing laser technology can emit a beam of monochromatic laser with near-infrared wavelength or middle-infrared wavelength to directionally irradiate foreign matters, the foreign matters are spontaneously combusted or carbonized and fused by fully absorbing laser energy, and finally the cutting of the foreign matters is completed through the control of a holder.
However, different types of foreign matters are encountered in the practical use process of the laser foreign matter removing device, and the different foreign matters have different surface characteristics, especially color characteristics, which determine the inconsistent absorption effect of the different types of foreign matters on laser energy with different wavelengths. In general, a dark opaque foreign object such as a tree barrier can well absorb short-wavelength laser (mainly near infrared wavelength) generated by a semiconductor or optical fiber laser and long-wavelength laser generated by a CO2 laser (mainly mid-infrared wavelength), but the short-wavelength laser is more favored due to its higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and low-cost focusing system; the plastic film and other light-colored transparent foreign matters have high transmission and reflection characteristics on short-wavelength laser, so that laser energy is wasted, the cutting efficiency is low, and the cutting can be finished by adopting long-wavelength laser. The conventional laser does not output multi-wavelength polychromatic lasers simultaneously, and it is difficult to remove each foreign object efficiently and with low cost in practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foreign matter removing device and method of a compound color laser based on the transparency of foreign matters, which can adjust the working condition and the power of the compound color laser by judging the transparency of the foreign matters, thereby achieving higher cleaning efficiency.
According to one aspect of the invention, a compound color laser foreign matter removing device based on foreign matter transparency is provided, which comprises a compound color laser generating device, a compound color laser synthesis beam reducing device, a tripod head and a laser energy detector, wherein the compound color laser generating device comprises a plurality of laser generators with different wave bands, the compound color laser synthesis beam reducing device conducts and collimates and focuses the laser with different wave bands emitted by the compound color laser generating device in a one-way mode to form a compound color laser beam, the compound color laser beam is emitted to foreign matters through the control of the tripod head, the laser energy detector receives reflected laser reflected by the foreign matters with near infrared wave bands, the transparency of the foreign matters is determined through the energy of the reflected laser, the higher the energy of the reflected laser is, the higher the transparency of the foreign matters is, and the compound color laser synthesis beam reducing device adjusts the laser composition and the power of the compound color laser beam according to the, and cutting the foreign matters.
Preferably, the laser energy detector further comprises a reflecting mirror, and the laser path of the reflected laser reflected by the foreign matter is changed through the reflecting mirror, so that the reflected laser is emitted into the laser energy detector.
Preferably, the device further comprises a cooling system for dissipating heat of the laser generator of the multicolor laser generating device.
Preferably, the bands include near infrared bands and mid infrared bands.
Preferably, the laser energy detector receives reflected laser in a near-infrared band, and converts an optical signal into a voltage value through a photoelectric tube and an amplifying circuit, wherein the higher the voltage value is relative to a voltage threshold value, the higher the transparency of the foreign matter is; the lower the voltage value relative to the voltage threshold, the lower the transparency of the foreign matter.
Preferably, the laser energy detector further comprises an indicator light, and the transparency of the foreign matter is distinguished by the indicator lights of different colors.
Preferably, the ratio of the laser light in the middle infrared band to the laser light in the near infrared band is higher when the transparency of the multi-color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device is higher.
Further, it is preferable that the distance between the complex-color laser synthesis beam reducing device and the foreign object is smaller as the transparency is higher.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a foreign substance removing method using a laser of a multi-color based on transparency of a foreign substance, comprising:
emitting laser with different wave bands by a laser generator;
performing one-way conduction and collimation focusing on the laser with different wave bands to form a polychromatic laser beam;
shooting the composite color laser beam to a foreign body;
receiving reflected laser reflected by foreign matters in near-infrared wave bands, determining the transparency of the foreign matters according to the energy of the reflected laser, wherein the higher the energy of the reflected laser is, the higher the transparency of the foreign matters is;
and adjusting the laser composition and power of the polychromatic laser beam according to the transparency of the foreign matters, and cutting the foreign matters.
According to the device and the method for removing the foreign matters by the multi-color laser based on the transparency of the foreign matters, the working condition and the power of the laser generator with each wavelength are adjusted by judging the transparency of the foreign matters, so that the foreign matters can efficiently absorb laser energy suitable for the characteristic wave band of the foreign matters, and higher cleaning efficiency is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a complex-color laser foreign matter removing device based on the transparency of foreign matter according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the foreign matter removing method of the multicolor laser based on the transparency of the foreign matter.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments, however, may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
In the present disclosure, the terms "include", "disposed" and "disposed" are used to mean open-ended inclusion, and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a foreign matter removing device of a multi-color laser based on the transparency of a foreign matter according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the foreign matter removing device of the multi-color laser comprises a multi-color laser generating device 1, a multi-color laser synthesizing beam shrinking device 2, a holder (not shown), and a laser energy detector 3, the multi-color laser generating device comprises a plurality of laser generators with different wave bands, the multi-color laser synthesizing beam shrinking device conducts and collimates and focuses the laser with different wave bands emitted by the multi-color laser generating device in a single direction to form a multi-color laser beam, the multi-color laser beam is emitted to a foreign matter 10 through the holder control, the laser energy detector receives the reflected laser reflected by the foreign matter in a near infrared band, the transparency of the foreign matter is determined by the energy of the reflected laser, the energy of the reflected laser is higher, the transparency of the foreign matter is higher, the multi-color laser synthesizing beam, and cutting the foreign matters.
Preferably, the ratio of the laser light in the middle infrared band to the laser light in the near infrared band is higher when the transparency of the multi-color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device is higher.
Further, it is preferable that the distance between the complex-color laser synthesis beam reducing device and the foreign object is smaller as the transparency is higher.
In the foreign matter removing device based on the foreign matter transparency, the compound color laser generating device can simultaneously emit near-infrared wavelength laser and intermediate-infrared wavelength laser with certain power by adopting the laser array, the near-infrared wavelength laser and the intermediate-infrared wavelength laser are mixed to form compound color laser, and the compound color laser is focused and collimated through a light path to generate compound color laser beams. The laser energy detector obtains the transparency of the remote foreign matter by receiving and analyzing the light intensity of the near-infrared laser reflected by the surface of the foreign matter, adjusts the working condition (opening or closing) and the power of each wavelength laser in the multi-color laser generating device by judging the transparency of the foreign matter from the adjustment of the multi-color condition of the laser band to be emitted by the laser generating device, so that the foreign matter can efficiently absorb the laser energy suitable for the characteristic wave band of the foreign matter, and higher cleaning efficiency is achieved.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser energy detector further comprises a reflector 4, and the laser path of the reflected laser light reflected by the foreign matter is changed through the reflector, so that the reflected laser light is emitted into the laser energy detector.
In an optional embodiment, the laser generating device further comprises a cooling system for dissipating heat of the laser generator of the multicolor laser generating device.
In one embodiment, the compound color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device adopts a two-dimensional symmetrical cone-shaped structure, the edge of the cone-shaped structure is provided with an overflowing light absorption coating, incident laser is uniformly mixed after multiple reflections, and the material shape of the mixed compound color laser beam foreign matter is expanded or shrunk into a flattened parallel energy beam.
In one embodiment, the laser energy detector receives reflected laser in a near infrared band, and converts an optical signal into a voltage value through a photoelectric tube and an amplifying circuit, wherein the higher the voltage value is relative to a voltage threshold value, the higher the transparency of a foreign matter is; the lower the voltage value relative to the voltage threshold, the lower the transparency of the foreign matter.
Preferably, the laser energy detector further comprises an indicator light, and the transparency of the foreign matter is distinguished by the indicator lights of different colors.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foreign matter removing device of the compound color laser based on the transparency of the foreign matter comprises a compound color laser generating device 1, a compound color laser synthesizing beam shrinking device 2, a cooling system, a holder, a reflector 4 and an energy detector 3, wherein:
the multi-color laser generating device 1 is a plurality of near-infrared band (mainly 760nm-1100nm) strip-shaped laser generators 11 and mid-infrared band (mainly 10um-12um) laser generators 12, and is used for emitting a multi-color laser band with set power to the multi-color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device 2, for example, the multi-color laser generating device 1 is a plurality of semiconductor and CO2 laser generators; the power of the near-infrared laser generator reaches 100W, and the total power of the multicolor laser generating device can reach 600W; the light emitting angle is 30 degrees in the fast axis direction and 10 degrees in the slow axis direction; the working switch of each laser generator is manually controlled, so that an operator can adjust the occurrence condition and the power of the compound color laser band according to engineering experience or transparency indication of the reflected laser energy detection device aiming at different transparency foreign matters, thereby achieving the purposes of high efficiency and low power consumption. For example, for cleaning dark substances with low transparency such as tree barriers, only a near-infrared band laser generator is required to be opened; for example, for cleaning a light-colored substance with high transparency such as a plastic film, it is necessary to simultaneously turn on two band-shaped laser generators.
The complex color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device 2 conducts unidirectional conduction and collimation focusing on the complex color laser band to form a complex color laser beam, and the complex color laser beam is accurately shot to a foreign body through the control of a holder; the composite color laser beam combining and shrinking device adopts a two-dimensional symmetrical cone-shaped structure, the bevel edge angle of a waveguide of the device is determined based on the divergence angle of laser, the edge of the cone-shaped structure is provided with an overflow light absorption coating, the incident laser is uniformly mixed after multiple reflections, simultaneously the material shape of the mixed composite color laser beam foreign matter is expanded or shrunk into a flattened parallel energy beam, and the laser power density can reach 500W/cm2The above.
The cooling system is a liquid cooling device for the semiconductor laser and is used for rapid heat dissipation in the working process.
The cradle head adjusts the motion path of the emitted multi-color laser beam through the electric two-dimensional driving control of the rotating shaft, and is used for forming a laser path.
The reflector 4 is used for changing the light path of the laser reflected by the target object, so that the reflected laser can be accurately emitted into the laser energy detector.
The laser energy detector 3 comprises an indicator lamp 31, an energy probe 32, a data control processing system 33, a filter, a photoelectric tube and an amplifying circuit, wherein the energy probe is used for receiving the reflected laser refracted by the reflector; through filtering processing, the laser energy detector only receives reflected laser light in a near infrared band, an optical signal is converted into a voltage value Vn through a photoelectric tube and an amplifying circuit, the data control processing system 33 carries out threshold value judgment on the voltage value, and controls the indicator light to emit different indicator lights, for example, a green light (the indicator light is green) represents low transparency, a red light (the indicator light is red) represents high transparency, and if the voltage value Vn is higher than a voltage threshold value V0, the transparency of foreign matters is high, and the red light is turned on; if the voltage value Vn is lower than the voltage threshold value V0, the transparency of the foreign matter is low, and a green lamp is lighted; for example, a dark foreign object such as a tree barrier has low transparency and very low reflectivity to near-infrared laser light and mid-infrared laser light, and the voltage value is measured to be lower than a voltage threshold value V0, and a green light is turned on. For example, a light-colored foreign matter such as a plastic film has high transparency, the reflectivity to near-infrared laser is higher than that of a dark-colored substance, the voltage value is measured to be higher than a voltage threshold value V0, and a red light is lighted; because the laser generator with the near-infrared wavelength has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and low focusing cost, when a green light is on, an operator often only adopts the laser generator with the near-infrared wavelength; the laser generator with near infrared wavelength has better heat effect on transparent substances, and when the red light is on, an operator often adopts the polychromatic laser with two wave bands simultaneously and adjusts the distance between the device and the foreign matter to reduce the scattering loss of the intermediate infrared wavelength.
Preferably, at the initial working moment, only all the near-infrared lasers are turned on for preliminary cutting of the foreign matters, and meanwhile, the energy detector detects the near-infrared lasers reflected by the foreign matters; the working switch of each strip-shaped laser generator (near-infrared laser) is manually controlled, so that an operator can adjust the occurrence condition and the power of the compound-color laser strip according to engineering experience or transparency indication of the reflected laser energy detection device aiming at different transparency foreign matters, thereby achieving the purposes of high efficiency and low power consumption.
The complex color laser foreign matter removing device based on the foreign matter transparency can use laser suitable for a foreign matter characteristic waveband for different foreign matters in a targeted manner by manually controlling the working condition and the power of each wavelength laser of the complex color laser generating device, so that the absorption rate of the foreign matters to laser energy is improved; the transparency of the foreign matter is indicated through the reflected laser energy detection device, and particularly when the transparency of the long-distance narrow foreign matter is difficult to distinguish, an operator can conveniently and directly adjust the working condition of the compound color laser device according to the transparency distinguishing result.
Although the above description shows an embodiment of manual control, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the adjustment of the power and the band composition of the cutting laser can be realized by electric control, for example, by sending signals to different laser generators to operate or not to operate, so that the laser with different bands is emitted, and the distance between the complex color laser synthesis beam reducing device and the foreign object can also be realized by electric control.
Fig. 2 is a method for removing foreign matters by using a polychromatic laser based on the transparency of foreign matters, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, emitting laser with different wave bands by a laser generator;
step S2, performing unidirectional conduction and collimation focusing on the lasers in different wave bands to form a multi-color laser beam;
step S3, projecting the polychromatic laser beam to a foreign object;
step S4, receiving reflected laser reflected by the foreign matter in the near-infrared wave band, determining the transparency of the foreign matter according to the energy of the reflected laser, wherein the higher the energy of the reflected laser is, the higher the transparency of the foreign matter is;
and step S5, adjusting the laser composition and power of the polychromatic laser beam according to the transparency of the foreign matter, and cutting the foreign matter.
In step S1, the bands include a near-infrared band and a mid-infrared band, that is, the laser generator includes a near-infrared laser generator and a mid-infrared laser generator, preferably, the near-infrared band is in a range of 760nm to 1100nm, the mid-infrared band is in a range of 10um to 12um, further, preferably, the power of the near-infrared laser generator reaches a single 100W, the emission light angle is 30 degrees in the fast axis direction, and the emission light angle is 10 degrees in the slow axis direction.
In step S2, the method further includes: the multi-color laser beam is expanded or reduced according to the material shape of the foreign matter, for example, a kite line needs an extremely narrow laser spot line width, and a branch and bird nest needs a larger laser spot line width.
In step S4, the determining the transparency of the foreign object by reflecting the energy of the laser light includes:
filtering the radiated laser, and receiving the reflected laser in a near-infrared band;
converting the reflected laser light of the near infrared band into an electric signal (current value or voltage value);
the method includes the steps of constructing a mapping relation between transparency of foreign matters and an electric signal, for example, converting the optical signal into the electric signal through a photoelectric tube, determining the mapping relation between the transparency of the foreign matters and the electric signal through experiments, constructing a neural network model between the transparency of the foreign matters and the electric signal, and obtaining the mapping relation between the transparency of the foreign matters and the electric signal through sample training.
Preferably, the step of determining the transparency of the foreign matter by reflecting the energy of the laser light further includes:
converting the reflected laser of the near-infrared band into a voltage value;
setting a voltage threshold;
the voltage value is larger than the voltage threshold value, and the transparency of the foreign matter is high;
the voltage value is less than the voltage threshold value, and the transparency of the foreign matter is small.
In step S5, the adjusting the laser composition and the power of the polychromatic laser beam according to the transparency of the foreign substance includes:
when the transparency of the foreign matter is larger, the proportion of the laser in the middle infrared band in the polychromatic laser beam is larger.
Preferably, the greater the transparency of the foreign matter, the higher the power of the polychromatic laser beam.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method for removing the foreign matters by using the multicolor laser foreign matter removing device based on the foreign matter transparency indication comprises the following steps:
and aligning a laser emitting lens of the compound-color laser synthesis beam-shrinking device with the foreign matter, and adjusting a holder to aim at the foreign matter. Opening a multi-color laser generating device, wherein when the multi-color laser generating device is in an initial working state, a semiconductor strip laser (a laser generator in a near infrared band) is in a full working state, and a high-energy laser beam is formed through the focusing and collimating action of a multi-color laser synthesizing beam shrinking device; and forming a cutting path of the laser knife through the azimuth control action of the holder.
And adjusting the reflector to enable the laser reflected by the foreign matter to emit to the laser energy detector.
After the reflected laser enters the laser energy detector, only the reflected laser in the near-infrared band is detected through filtering processing. Then the optical signal is converted into a voltage value through the action of the photoelectric tube and the amplifying circuit. If the voltage value Vn is higher than the voltage threshold value V0, the transparency of the foreign matter is high, and a red light is lighted; if the voltage value Vn is lower than the voltage threshold value V0, the transparency of the foreign matter is low, and a green lamp is lighted;
when the green light is on, the full working state of the semiconductor laser is kept, and the semiconductor laser is used for efficiently cutting dark low-transparency foreign matters; when the red light is on, all co2 lasers (laser generators in the middle infrared band) are turned on simultaneously, so that the laser generating device can simultaneously emit double-color lasers with two wavelengths for efficient cutting of light-color high-transparency foreign matters.
The foreign matter transparency indication-based composite color laser foreign matter removing device and method adjust the working condition (opening or closing) and the power of each wavelength laser in the composite color laser generating device by judging the transparency of the foreign matter, so that the foreign matter can efficiently absorb laser energy suitable for the characteristic wave band of the foreign matter, and higher removing efficiency is achieved.
While the foregoing disclosure shows illustrative embodiments of the invention, it should be noted that various changes and modifications could be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the inventive embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to a single element is explicitly stated.
Claims (9)
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