CN112710490B - Performance detection method for laser spraying welding machine - Google Patents
Performance detection method for laser spraying welding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112710490B CN112710490B CN202011520851.0A CN202011520851A CN112710490B CN 112710490 B CN112710490 B CN 112710490B CN 202011520851 A CN202011520851 A CN 202011520851A CN 112710490 B CN112710490 B CN 112710490B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance detection method for a laser material spraying welding machine, which comprises the following steps: adjusting a nozzle of a laser material spraying welding machine to a working height relative to the test piece; causing a laser spray welder to emit a laser beam from within the nozzle; setting a distance between the focal position and the solder position to a predetermined distance along an axial direction of the nozzle; fixing the preset interval, so that the laser material spraying welding machine adopts different laser beam irradiation powers to respectively perform welding tests on the test piece, and obtain welding time; or fixing the laser beam irradiation power, enabling the laser material spraying welding machine to adopt different preset intervals to respectively carry out welding test on the test piece, and obtaining the welding time. The performance detection method for the laser material spraying welding machine can obtain the performance of the laser material spraying welding machine according to the welding time of the test piece, is favorable for quickly and accurately testing products on site, and is also favorable for improving the welding quality of the products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a performance detection method for a laser material spraying welding machine.
Background
Laser welding is a high-efficiency precision welding method using a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source, and the welding process belongs to a heat conduction type, namely, the surface of a workpiece is heated by laser radiation, the surface heat is diffused inside through heat conduction, and the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool by controlling parameters such as the width, the energy, the peak power, the repetition frequency and the like of laser pulses. The method is applied to the precise welding of micro and small parts. Soldering is a welding method in which a metal solder with a low melting point is melted by heating and then penetrates into and fills gaps at the joint of metal parts, and has good weldability to copper and its alloys, gold, silver, and the like, and is widely used in the electronic industry.
The laser tin-spraying welding machine has the advantages of both laser welding and tin soldering, and is widely used in micro and small electronic industry. However, the laser tin-spraying welding machine is easy to puncture the welded material during welding, the delivery quality of the welded product is affected, and the material cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel technical scheme for a performance detection method of a laser spraying welding machine.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance detection method for a laser material spray welder, comprising:
adjusting a nozzle of a laser material spraying welding machine to a working height relative to the test piece;
the nozzle is internally provided with a welding material position for melting welding materials; causing a laser spray welder to emit a laser beam from within the nozzle;
adjusting the focal position of the laser beam, and enabling the distance between the focal position and the welding material position to be a preset distance along the axial direction of the nozzle;
fixing the preset interval, so that the laser material spraying welding machine adopts different laser beam irradiation powers to respectively perform welding tests on the test piece, and obtain welding time;
or fixing the laser beam irradiation power, enabling the laser material spraying welding machine to adopt different preset intervals to respectively carry out welding test on the test piece, and obtaining the welding time.
Optionally, the laser beam is adjusted to be coaxial with the nozzle.
Optionally, the solder is a ball, and the working height of the nozzle is matched with the diameter of the ball.
Optionally, the different predetermined pitches are distributed in an arithmetic progression.
Optionally, the predetermined spacing is greater than or equal to 0mm.
Optionally, the welding time includes at least one of a time to no-break to maintain the test piece in a non-broken state, a time to melt to maintain the test piece in a molten state, and a time to break to puncture the test piece.
Optionally, the non-breakdown time is the longest time from the start of the welding test to the time when the test piece is kept in a non-breakdown state;
the melting time is the longest time from the beginning of the welding test to the time when the test piece is kept in a molten state;
the breakdown time is the shortest time from the start of the weld test to the piercing of the test piece.
Optionally, the test piece has a pad surface and a support surface, the pad surface faces the nozzle, the pad surface is opposite to the support surface, and the test piece is fixed to the support member through the support surface;
when the welding test is carried out, at least part of the supporting surface of the test piece is not in contact with the surface of the supporting piece.
Optionally, a groove is arranged on the supporting surface of the test piece, and a gap is formed between the bottom surface of the groove and the surface of the supporting piece.
Optionally, the material of the test piece is one of copper, copper alloy, gold, and silver.
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, welding data such as welding time in different welding states can be obtained by performing welding test on a test piece by the laser material spraying welding machine, so that the performance of the laser material spraying welding machine can be obtained, a technician can rapidly test a product on the spot according to the welding data, the field test time of the product is greatly reduced, the test accuracy is improved, and the test material is effectively saved. Meanwhile, the performance detection method for the laser spraying welding machine can well guarantee the welding quality of products.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a performance detection method for a laser material spraying welding machine according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser material-spraying welding machine provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the focal position of the laser beam provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the test piece provided in this embodiment.
In the figure: 1. testing a piece; 11. a welding disk surface; 12. a support surface; 2. laser spraying and welding machine; 3. a nozzle; 31. a nozzle bottom surface; 4. welding flux; 5. a laser beam; 51. a focal position; 6. and a support member.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 2 to 4, the present embodiment provides a performance detection method for a laser spray welder, which is used to detect the performance of the laser spray welder 2 and obtain relevant performance parameters of the laser spray welder 2, such as welding time, etc. The debugging personnel weld the test to the product according to the performance parameter of laser spraying material welding machine 2, has not only saved the welding test time of product widely, has also saved the test material, has guaranteed the welding quality of product moreover.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment, the laser material spraying welding machine welds the test piece 1 by spraying the solder, different solders can be selected according to different materials of the test piece 1, as long as the solder can meet the welding quality of the test piece 1, and the material of the solder is not limited in the present application. In the present embodiment, the material of the solder is preferably tin.
In this embodiment, when the laser material spraying welding machine 2 subjected to the welding test is used for welding a product, the welded product is not easy to break down, so that the welding quality of the product meets the requirement, meanwhile, the welding efficiency of the product can be improved, the welding time is saved, and the cost is reduced better.
As shown in FIG. 1, the performance detection method for the laser spray welding machine comprises the following steps:
step S1, adjusting a nozzle 3 of a laser material spraying welding machine 2 to a working height relative to a test piece 1.
The working height refers to the distance from the bottom surface 31 of the nozzle of the laser spray welder 2 to the pad surface 11 of the test piece 1. Adjusting the nozzle 3 of the laser material discharge welder 2 to the working height helps to maintain a stable welding performance of the laser material discharge welder 2 and also helps to adjust other performance parameters of the laser material discharge welder 2, such as the distance between the focal point of the laser beam 5 and the solder 4, to more accurately determine the welding time of the laser material discharge welder 2.
Step S2, the nozzle 3 is internally provided with a solder 4 position for melting the solder 4; the laser jet welder 2 is caused to emit a laser beam 5 from within the nozzle 3.
The nozzle 3 is internally provided with a solder 4 position, the solder 4 position is used for placing solid solder 4, when the laser of the laser spraying welding machine 2 is turned on, the laser beam 5 melts the solder 4 positioned at the solder 4 position, and then the melted solder 4 flows out of the nozzle 3 and is welded on the test piece 1.
And S3, adjusting the focal position 51 of the laser beam 5, and enabling the distance between the focal position 51 and the solder 4 to be a preset distance along the axial direction of the nozzle 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the focal position 51 of the laser beam 5 has the highest power density and the smallest spot size, which is most efficient for heating the workpiece during the welding process. Determining the focal position 51 is a necessary condition for proper selection of the amount of focus. By setting the spacing between the focal position 51 and the solder 4 to a predetermined spacing, accurate performance parameters of the laser jet welder 2 can be measured by adjusting the predetermined spacing, thereby facilitating high quality soldering of the product.
In one possible implementation manner, step S4 is: and fixing the preset interval, so that the laser material spraying welding machine 2 adopts different laser beam 5 irradiation powers to respectively perform welding tests on the test piece 1, and obtain the welding time.
In this embodiment, the distance between the focal position 51 and the solder 4 position may be fixed first, and then the welding time of the test piece 1 may be measured by causing the laser-jet welder 2 to irradiate power with different laser beams 5. Then, the welding time of the test piece 1 is measured by adjusting and fixing the distance between the focal position 51 and the position of the solder 4 and by making the laser material spraying welder 2 irradiate with different laser beams 5. And summarizing the distances between the different focus positions 51 and the 4 positions of the solder, determining welding information such as welding time of the welding parts and the like, and further obtaining the performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2. When the product needs to be detected, technicians can quickly test the product on site according to the performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2, so that the site test time of the product is greatly reduced, the test accuracy is improved, and the test material is effectively saved. Meanwhile, the performance detection method for the laser material spraying welding machine can well guarantee the welding quality of products.
The welding test needs to be carried out on the product before the product is welded, after the welding test is carried out on the product, if the performance parameters of the laser spraying welding machine 2 meet relevant requirements, the product can be directly welded according to the performance parameters of the laser spraying welding machine 2, the welding quality is good, the laser spraying welding machine can be effectively prevented from puncturing the welded product in the welding process, the delivery quality of the welded product is guaranteed, and the reduction of the processing cost is facilitated.
In another practical manner, step S4 is: and fixing the irradiation power of the laser beam 5, so that the laser material spraying welding machine 2 respectively performs welding tests on the test piece 1 by adopting different preset intervals, and obtaining the welding time.
In this embodiment, the welding test is performed on the test piece 1 by fixing the irradiation power of the laser beam 5 so that the laser material-jet welding machine 2 uses different predetermined pitches to obtain the welding time. The two main factors of the welding time of the test piece 1 are the distance between a focus position 51 and a welding material 4 position, the irradiation power of the laser beam 5 is adopted, one factor is fixed, the other factor is adjusted to accurately measure the welding time of the test piece 1, and then the performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2 can be obtained according to the welding time of the test piece 1. When a product is welded, a welding test needs to be carried out on the product, and the welding test is carried out on the product according to the performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2, so that the welding test speed of the product can be improved, the field test time of the product is greatly reduced, the welding efficiency of the product after the welding test is improved, the welding quality of the product is greatly ensured, test materials are saved, and the test cost is effectively reduced.
Therefore, the performance detection method for the laser material spraying welding machine provided by the embodiment can obtain the performance of the laser material spraying welding machine 2 according to the welding time of the test piece 1, is favorable for rapidly and accurately carrying out field test on a product, and is also favorable for improving the welding quality of the product.
Optionally, the laser beam 5 is adjusted to be coaxial with the nozzle 3. The laser beam 5 and the nozzle 3 are coaxial, so that the laser beam 5 can be rapidly emitted from the nozzle 3 when the laser spraying welder 2 sprays the laser beam 5, the welding flux 4 positioned at the welding flux 4 is melted, the melted welding flux 4 falls on a specific position of the test piece 1 and accurately welds the position to be welded of the test piece 1, the melted welding flux 4 is effectively prevented from falling on other positions of the test piece 1, and the welding quality is well ensured.
Optionally, the solder 4 is a solder ball, which helps the laser beam 5 to melt the solder 4 at the position of the solder 4, and helps the melted solder 4 to flow out of the nozzle 3 of the laser material spraying welder 2 and fall on the position to be welded of the test piece 1, so as to weld the test piece 1. The solder ball is a common low-melting-point metal, is non-toxic and good in ductility, has stable physical and chemical properties at normal temperature, can resist organic acid corrosion, and generates compounds with a plurality of metals, so that the solder ball has low melting point, good welding performance and low price, and when the solder ball is adopted, the solder ball can better ensure the welding quality and is beneficial to reducing the welding cost.
The working height of the nozzle 3 is matched with the diameter of the material ball. It should be noted that, when the working height of the nozzle 3 is too high, the material ball is ejected from the nozzle 3 of the laser material-spraying welding machine 2, and there is pressure impact, so that the ejection distance of the material ball is too far, and angle change is easy to occur, and therefore the material ball cannot vertically fall on the welding surface to be welded of the test piece 1, and the welding quality of the test piece 1 cannot be effectively ensured. When the working height of the nozzle 3 is too low, the ball may not be completely ejected due to the close ejection distance of the ball because the ball has a certain volume and shape, and the test piece 1 may be poorly welded. Therefore, when the working height of the nozzle 3 is matched with the diameter of the ball, the spraying path of the ball is proper, and the ball can be completely sprayed from the nozzle 3 of the laser material spraying welding machine 2, and can vertically and accurately fall on the welding surface to be welded of the test piece 1, so that the test piece 1 has better welding quality.
Optionally, the different predetermined pitches are distributed in an arithmetic series. When the irradiation power of the laser beam is fixed, the preset intervals are adjusted to be distributed in an arithmetic progression mode, and the regularity of the preset intervals is helpful for accurately determining the welding time of the test piece 1 so as to better determine the performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2.
Optionally, the predetermined spacing is greater than or equal to 0mm. This enables the solder 4 located at the position of the solder 4 to be irradiated by the laser beam 5 sprayed from the laser material spray welder 2 and sprayed from the nozzle 3 in a molten state and to vertically and accurately land on the soldering surface to be soldered of the test piece 1, thereby enabling the test piece 1 to have a good soldering quality.
Optionally, the welding time includes at least one of a non-breakdown time for maintaining the test piece 1 in a non-breakdown state, a melting time for maintaining the test piece 1 in a molten state, and a breakdown time for perforating the test piece 1.
The welding state of the test piece 1 can be accurately determined by selecting at least one of the time of not puncturing the test piece 1, the time of melting the test piece 1 and the time of puncturing the test piece 1 as the welding time of the test piece 1, so that the performance parameters of the laser spray welding machine 2 can be determined, the welding time of a product can be accurately determined when the product is tested, the test time of the product is reduced, and test materials are effectively saved.
The time of the test piece 1 remaining in the non-breakdown state, the time of the test piece 1 remaining in the melting state and the time of the breakdown of the test piece 1 through the hole can be used as the welding time of the laser spray welding machine 2 on the test piece 1, so that the performance parameters of the laser spray welding machine 2 can be determined, the product can be tested more comprehensively and accurately, the accuracy of product testing is improved, the number of test materials is effectively reduced, and the testing cost is saved.
Further optionally, the non-breakdown time is a maximum time from the start of the welding test to the test piece 1 remaining in a non-breakdown state. The breakdown time of the test piece 1 is determined by measuring the longest time from the start of the welding test to the time when the test piece 1 is in the non-breakdown state, so that the product is effectively prevented from being broken down during the test, and the welding quality of the product can be well ensured.
The melting time is the longest time from the start of the welding test to the time when the test piece 1 is kept in a molten state. The melting time can well reflect the maximum time for the test piece 1 to remain in a molten state, so that the welding state of the test piece 1 in the molten stage during welding can be well grasped.
The breakdown time is the shortest time from the start of the welding test to the piercing of the test piece 1. The puncture time can well reflect the shortest time for the test piece 1 to be punctured, so that the welding time basis is provided for the product to be punctured in the welding process during testing.
Optionally, the test piece 1 has a pad surface 11 and a support surface 12, the pad surface 11 faces the nozzle 3, the pad surface 11 is opposite to the support surface 12, and the test piece 1 is fixed to the support member 6 through the support surface 12.
At least part of the support surface 12 of the test piece 1 is not in contact with the surface of the support 6 when the welding test is performed.
The welding pad surface 11 is used for welding the test piece 1, and the supporting surface 12 is used for fixing the test piece 1 on the supporting piece 6. When the test piece 1 is tested, the test piece 1 is fixed on the support piece 6, so that the stability of the test piece 1 in the welding process is kept, and the laser material spraying welding machine 2 can weld the test piece 1 conveniently.
In addition, part of the supporting surface 12 of the test piece 1 is not in contact with the surface of the supporting part 6, and the position to be welded of the test piece 1 is positioned on the part of the supporting surface 12, so that the test piece 1 only welds the test piece 1 in the welding process, and the test piece 1 is effectively prevented from being fixed on the supporting part 6 by part of the welding flux 4 after the welding of the test piece 1 is completed.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, a groove is provided on the supporting surface 12 of the test piece 1, and a gap is formed between the bottom surface of the groove and the surface of the supporting member 6. The groove enables the test piece 1 to form a large gap between the welding position and the support piece 6, so that the welding effect of the test piece 1 can be well protected, the test piece 1 can be rapidly detached from the support piece 6 after the test is completed, and the support piece 6 is not easy to damage.
Optionally, the material of the test piece 1 is one of copper, copper alloy, gold, and silver. The material selection range of the test piece 1 is wide, the laser material spraying welding machine 2 can conveniently perform welding tests on the test piece 1, and related performance parameters of the laser material spraying welding machine 2 can be obtained quickly.
In the embodiment, welding test is performed on the test piece 1 by the laser material spraying welding machine 2 to obtain welding data such as welding time in different welding states, so that the performance of the laser material spraying welding machine 2 is obtained, a technician can rapidly test a product on the spot according to the welding data, the on-spot test time of the product is greatly reduced, the test accuracy is improved, and the test material is effectively saved. Meanwhile, the performance detection method for the laser material spraying welding machine can well guarantee the welding quality of products.
In the above embodiments, the differences between the embodiments are described with emphasis, and different optimization features between the embodiments may be combined to form a better embodiment as long as the differences are not contradictory, and in consideration of the brevity of the text, no further description is given here.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A performance detection method for a laser material spraying welding machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adjusting a nozzle of a laser material spraying welding machine to a working height relative to the test piece;
the nozzle is internally provided with a welding material position for melting welding materials; causing a laser spray welder to emit a laser beam from within the nozzle;
adjusting the focal position of the laser beam, and enabling the distance between the focal position and the welding material position to be a preset distance along the axial direction of the nozzle;
fixing the preset interval, so that the laser material spraying welding machine adopts different laser beam irradiation powers to respectively perform welding tests on the test piece, and obtain welding time;
or fixing the laser beam irradiation power, enabling the laser material spraying welding machine to adopt different preset intervals to respectively carry out welding test on the test piece, and obtaining welding time;
the welding time includes at least one of a non-breakdown time to maintain the test piece in a non-breakdown state, a melting time to maintain the test piece in a molten state, and a breakdown time to perforate the test piece.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser beam is adjusted to be coaxial with the nozzle.
3. The performance testing method of claim 1, wherein the solder is a solder ball, and the operating height of the nozzle is matched to the diameter of the solder ball.
4. The performance testing method of claim 1, wherein said different predetermined spacings are distributed in an array of equal difference numbers.
5. The performance testing method of claim 1, wherein said predetermined pitch is greater than or equal to 0mm. .
6. The performance testing method of claim 1,
the non-breakdown time is the longest time from the beginning of the welding test to the time when a test piece is kept in a non-breakdown state;
the melting time is the longest time from the beginning of the welding test to the time when the test piece is kept in a molten state;
the breakdown time is the shortest time from the start of the weld test to the piercing of the test piece.
7. The performance testing method of claim 1, wherein the test piece has a pad surface facing the nozzle and a support surface opposite to the pad surface, the test piece being fixed to a support member via the support surface;
when the welding test is carried out, at least part of the supporting surface of the test piece is not in contact with the surface of the supporting piece.
8. The performance testing method according to claim 7, wherein a groove is provided on the supporting surface of the test piece, and a gap is formed between the bottom surface of the groove and the surface of the supporting member.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the test piece is one of copper, copper alloy, gold, and silver.
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