CN112705462A

CN112705462A - Garbage sorting machine with separation effect monitoring function

Info

Publication number: CN112705462A
Application number: CN202011454222.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李嘉豪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2021-04-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage sorting machine with a separation effect monitoring function, which comprises a sorting machine body, a feeding mechanism, a light and heavy sorting mechanism, a shape sorting mechanism and a metal sorting mechanism, wherein one end of the feeding mechanism is fixed on the side wall of the sorting machine body, the other end of the feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism, the discharging end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the shape sorting mechanism, the discharging end of the shape sorting mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the metal sorting mechanism, and the discharging end of the metal sorting mechanism is fixed on the side wall of the sorting mechanism body. The invention can subdivide light and heavy construction wastes with different shapes, and then further distinguish metals from non-metals by utilizing the change of physical properties generated by the movement of metals in the eddy magnetic field, and the separation effect can be monitored in real time by arranging a separation effect monitoring component at the outlet end; in addition, in the separation process, a plurality of sand-dust separation devices are arranged, so that the subsequent complicated cleaning steps for the metal can be omitted.

Description

Garbage sorting machine with separation effect monitoring function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage sorting equipment, in particular to a garbage sorting machine with a separation effect monitoring function.

Background

At present, the urbanization development speed of the country is increased linearly, and the quantity of the construction waste in the city is continuously increased. The construction waste is mainly dregs and waste materials generated in the process of demolition or construction and laying in the construction process, and the construction waste is mostly metal materials and can be recycled, so that the waste sorting machine for the construction waste is very necessary.

The existing garbage sorting machine generally adopts the adsorption effect of a magnet to collect waste metals, but the collection of the method can not subdivide the size and the shape of the waste metals, so that the sorting effect is poor; in addition, in the separation process, if no real-time separation effect monitoring is carried out, the influence on subsequent recycling can be caused by neglecting that part of small particle substances such as sand and dust are easy to attach to the surface of the waste metal.

The invention provides a garbage sorting machine with separation effect monitoring, which can subdivide light and heavy construction garbage with different shapes, further distinguish metals from non-metals by utilizing the change of physical properties generated by the movement of metals in a vortex magnetic field, and the separation effect can be monitored in real time by arranging a separation effect monitoring component at the outlet end; in addition, in the separation process, a plurality of sand-dust separation devices are arranged, so that the subsequent complicated cleaning steps for the metal can be omitted.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring to solve the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the garbage sorting machine with the separation effect monitoring function comprises a sorting machine body, a feeding mechanism, a light and heavy sorting mechanism, a shape sorting mechanism and a metal sorting mechanism. One end of the feeding mechanism is fixed on the side wall of the sorting machine body, and the other end of the feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism. The feeding mechanism is arranged to realize the intermittent feeding of the garbage, and firstly, the phenomenon that the garbage is blocked at a feeding port is avoided; and secondly, the intermittent feeding can enable the garbage sorting process to be more efficient, and the garbage sorting effect to be more accurate. The discharge end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism is connected with the feed end of the shape sorting mechanism, and the set aim is to perform preliminary sorting according to different qualities of construction waste. The discharge end of the shape sorting mechanism is connected with the feed end of the metal sorting mechanism, and the arrangement aims to perform secondary sorting on the construction waste in a certain mass range according to the shape and size. The discharge end of the metal sorting mechanism is fixed on the side wall of the sorting mechanism body, and the metal sorting mechanism is used for sorting construction waste with similar shapes and sizes within a certain mass range again according to the characteristic that the physical properties of metal change along with the influence of the external environment.

Furthermore, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding port, a baffle, a driven ratchet wheel, a movable rod, an action rod, a driving motor, a driving ratchet wheel and a feeding port. The baffle is located the lower extreme of dog-house, and the both sides of baffle respectively with the lateral wall sliding connection of dog-house, aim at controlling that building rubbish gets into. The driven ratchet wheel is connected to the side wall of the separator body in a switching mode and is located below the baffle. One end of the movable rod is rotatably connected with the eccentric part of the driven ratchet wheel, and the other end of the movable rod is movably connected with the action rod. The action bars are movably arranged in the vertical direction in a limiting mode, and one ends, far away from the movable bars, of the action bars are movably connected with the eccentric positions of the baffles. The driving motor is positioned on one side of the driven ratchet wheel far away from the light and heavy sorting mechanism, the driving ratchet wheel is connected with the action end of the driving motor in a switching way, and the pawls of the driving ratchet wheel and the pawls of the driven ratchet wheel are mutually abutted. The feed inlet is obliquely arranged at one end of the baffle plate far away from the action rod. The interaction of the driving ratchet wheel and the driven ratchet wheel realizes the intermittent entering of the garbage, and firstly, the phenomenon that the garbage is blocked at a feed port is avoided; and secondly, the intermittent feeding can enable the garbage sorting process to be more efficient, and the garbage sorting effect to be more accurate.

Further, light weight sorting mechanism includes light weight sorting chamber, dust and sand bin, heavy weight discharge gate, light weight discharge gate, first fan, first trachea, filter screen, branch, telescopic link and extension spring. The sand and dust bin links up in the lower extreme in light and heavy separation chamber, and the sand and dust bin is kept away from first tracheal one side in heavy discharge gate is located, and the light discharge gate links up in the upper end in light and heavy separation chamber. First fan is located the upper end of light discharge gate, and first fan is linked together with light discharge gate, sand and dust bin respectively through first trachea. The first fan can make the light discharge port and the sand storage box region be in a negative pressure environment, so that the light garbage and the sand can be adsorbed. The filter screen is obliquely arranged at the joint of the sand dust storage box and the light and heavy separation cavity. The branch sets up with vertical direction, and on the one end of branch was fixed in light heavy separation chamber lateral wall, the other end and the filter screen swing joint of branch. The telescopic link is on a parallel with branch setting, and on the one end of telescopic link was fixed in light and heavy sorting chamber lateral wall, the other end and the light and heavy sorting chamber fixed connection of telescopic link, extension spring wore to locate on the telescopic link. The end that the filter screen links to each other with branch is higher than the one end that the filter screen links to each other with the telescopic link. The outlet end of the feed inlet penetrates through the telescopic rod and extends to the position above the filter screen. Rubbish falls into the filter screen by the feed inlet, the filter screen receives the gravity impact of rubbish for telescopic link and extension spring are stretched, then extension spring drives the telescopic link and makes the contraction motion that restores to the throne, give an ascending effort of rubbish, light rubbish breaks away from the filter screen upward movement, and under the adsorption of first fan, get into the light discharge gate, and heavy rubbish falls on the filter screen after only small amplitude is upwards owing to self weight, and move downwards until falling into the heavy discharge gate along the incline direction of filter screen.

Further, the shape sorting mechanism comprises a shape sorting cavity, a small discharge port, a large discharge port, a distribution wheel, a second fan, a second air pipe, an air duct and a dust collecting box. The feed end of the shape sorting cavity is respectively communicated with the heavy discharge port and the light discharge port, the small discharge port and the large discharge port are connected to the lower end of the shape sorting cavity, and the small discharge ports are located on two sides of the large discharge port. Divide the runner switching in the middle part of chamber is selected separately to the shape, the aim at of setting: firstly, garbage with different shapes and sizes enters different discharge ports to realize the guiding function; secondly, the shape and the size of the garbage are balanced by teeth on the sub-rotating wheels; and thirdly, the garbage is prevented from being blocked in the shape sorting cavity. The wind channel is respectively arranged along the side wall of the shape separation cavity, the second fan is positioned outside the shape separation cavity, the second fan is communicated with the wind channel through a second air pipe, and a sand and dust collection box is arranged at one end, far away from the second fan, of the wind channel. The second fan is driven to enable the air channel to form a negative pressure environment, dust carried on the surface of the garbage is adsorbed, then the dust is collected to the dust collecting box in a unified mode, and the influence of the dust on the garbage sorting process is avoided.

Further, the metal sorting mechanism comprises a metal sorting cavity, a metal discharge port, a nonmetal discharge port, a motor, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod, a rotating drum, a coil column and a coil. The feed end of the metal separation cavity is respectively communicated with the small discharge hole and the large discharge hole. The metal discharge port and the nonmetal discharge port are connected at the lower end of the metal sorting cavity, and the metal discharge port is positioned at two sides of the nonmetal discharge port. The motor is located the outside in metal separation chamber, and the pivot sets up with vertical direction, and the one end of pivot links to each other with the effect end of motor, and the other end of pivot passes the lateral wall in metal separation chamber and extends to the inside in metal separation chamber. One end of the connecting rod is respectively connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is respectively connected with the inner side wall of the rotary drum. The axial positions of the rotating shaft, the rotating drum and the metal sorting cavity are coincident, and the feeding end of the non-metal discharge port is positioned at the lower end of the rotating drum. The motor drives the rotating shaft to do rotating motion, the rotating shaft drives the rotating drum to do rotating motion through the connecting rod, centrifugal acting force is generated on the sorted garbage, and therefore the metal sorting mechanism is used. The coil posts are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the metal sorting cavity, and the coils are wound on the coil posts. The coil pole is externally connected with a power supply, so that an eddy magnetic field is generated between the coils, and the garbage containing metal components passes through and moves as cutting magnetic induction lines, so that the temperature of the garbage containing metal components is increased, and the garbage containing metal components is different from the garbage containing no metal components in physical properties.

Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the rotary drum and used as channels for sorting the metal garbage. Both ends of the through hole are provided with rubber which is a main component for distinguishing whether the garbage contains metal components. Meet by compression spring between the rubber, the purpose of setting lies in: firstly, the spring plays a certain rigid support for rubber, and the spring and the elastic characteristic of the rubber are combined, so that the best elastic effect is achieved for garbage without metal components; and secondly, the rubber plastic deformation resetting is assisted. The rubber is provided with the eccentric hole which is positioned beside the center of the rubber, so that the garbage without metal components can be prevented from directly passing through due to the elastic deformation of the rubber, and whether the garbage contains the metal components can be better distinguished. The edge of the eccentric hole is connected with the edge of the rubber through an elastic spring, so that the resetting of the rubber after plastic deformation is facilitated.

Furthermore, the metal sorting mechanism further comprises a separation effect monitoring component, and the separation effect monitoring component comprises a monitoring ring, a magnet block and a pressure sensor. Monitoring ring cavity and inside are equipped with the cavity, and monitoring ring is located the upper end of nonmetal discharge gate, and the inside wall setting of the nonmetal discharge gate of excircle lateral wall laminating of monitoring ring. The magnet block is attached to the inner circle side wall of the monitoring ring, the coverage area is large and thin, magnetism is achieved, and the best temperature transfer effect is achieved. The pressure sensor is located inside the monitoring ring, so that the pressure sensor is not influenced by the outside, and the most accurate monitoring result is ensured in real time. The magnet piece can realize the adsorption to the metal crushed aggregates that probably carry in the rubbish that leads to the nonmetal discharge gate, and this metal crushed aggregates has the heat because of the inside magnetic induction line cutting motion of metal separation chamber for the inside pressure of monitoring ring changes, and the change signal is passed out by pressure sensor again, realizes the separation monitoring effect with this.

Furthermore, a plurality of rollers are arranged at the mesh positions of the filter screens in a penetrating mode, and the purpose of the arrangement is to accelerate downward movement of heavy garbage which cannot move upwards greatly under the action of self gravity, so that the sorting process of the light and heavy sorting mechanism is accelerated.

Further, be equipped with a plurality of archs on the inside wall in chamber is selected separately to the shape, the aim at of setting: firstly, the shape sorting device interacts with the garbage moving in the shape sorting cavity, balances the shape and size of each garbage in the process, and prevents the garbage from being blocked in the sorting process; secondly, the movement of the garbage in the shape sorting cavity is blocked, and the movement speed of the garbage is slowed down, so that the optimal sorting effect is achieved.

Furthermore, the rubber has thermal plasticity, and when the rubber is contacted with the metal garbage with heat, the rubber can generate plastic deformation, otherwise, the rubber only generates slight deformation due to the elastic characteristic of the rubber, so that the metal garbage and the nonmetal garbage are distinguished, the effect of a metal sorting mechanism is realized, and the most accurate sorting effect is achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a garbage sorting machine with separation effect monitoring function

1. The feeding mechanism is arranged to realize the intermittent feeding of the garbage, and firstly, the phenomenon that the garbage is blocked at a feeding port is avoided; and secondly, the intermittent feeding can enable the garbage sorting process to be more efficient, and the garbage sorting effect to be more accurate.

2. The light and heavy sorting mechanism and the shape sorting mechanism are matched, so that the sorting function is performed twice according to the different qualities and the different shapes and sizes of the construction wastes, the functions are overlapped, and the sorting result is more accurate.

3. The metal sorting mechanism is arranged to sort the construction waste with similar shape and size within a certain mass range again according to the characteristic that the physical property of the metal changes along with the influence of the external environment.

4. The metal sorting mechanism further comprises a separation effect monitoring component, and the metal sorting mechanism is arranged to utilize the change of the physical property of metal to realize real-time monitoring of the garbage separation effect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the connections between the mechanisms of the waste sorting machine with separation effectiveness monitoring of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-heavy sorting mechanism and a feeding mechanism of the garbage sorting machine with separation effect monitoring according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the screen of the waste sorting machine with separation monitoring of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shape sorting mechanism of the garbage sorter with separation effect monitoring according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the metal sorting mechanism of the garbage sorter with separation effect monitoring of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of view A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a side view schematic of the structure of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the effect monitoring section of the waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a separator body; 2. the feeding mechanism 21, the feeding port 22, the baffle plate 23, the passive ratchet wheel 24, the movable rod 25, the action rod 26, the driving motor 27, the driving ratchet wheel 28 and the feeding port; 3. the device comprises a light and heavy sorting mechanism 31, a light and heavy sorting cavity 32, a sand storage box 33, a heavy discharge port 34, a light discharge port 35, a first fan 36, a first air pipe 37, a filter screen 371, rollers 38, a support rod 39, a telescopic rod 310 and an extension spring; 4. the shape sorting mechanism 41, the shape sorting cavity 411, the bulge 42, the small discharge hole 43, the large discharge hole 44, the branch rotating wheel 45, the second fan 46, the second air pipe 47, the air duct 48 and the dust collecting box; 5. the device comprises a metal sorting mechanism 51, a metal sorting cavity 52, a metal discharge port 53, a nonmetal discharge port 54, a motor 55, a rotating shaft 56, a connecting rod 57, a rotating drum 571, a through hole 572, rubber 5721, an eccentric hole 573, a compression spring 574, an elastic spring 58, a coil column 59 and a coil; 6. separation effect monitoring part 61, monitoring ring 62, magnet block 63 and pressure sensor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: garbage separator with separation effect monitoring, including sorter body 1, feed mechanism 2, light and heavy sorting mechanism 3, shape sorting mechanism 4 and metal sorting mechanism 5, feed mechanism 2's one end is fixed in on the lateral wall of sorter body 1, feed mechanism 2's the other end links to each other with light and heavy sorting mechanism 3's feed end, light and heavy sorting mechanism 3's discharge end links to each other with shape sorting mechanism 4's feed end, shape sorting mechanism 4's discharge end links to each other with metal sorting mechanism 5's feed end, metal sorting mechanism 5's discharge end is fixed in on sorting mechanism body 1's the lateral wall.

The garbage is fed from the feeding mechanism 2, enters the light and heavy sorting mechanism 3, and is primarily sorted according to different qualities of the construction garbage; respectively entering a shape sorting mechanism 4, and carrying out secondary sorting on the construction waste in a certain mass range according to the shape and size; respectively enter the metal sorting mechanism 5, and according to the characteristic that the physical property of the metal changes along with the influence of the external environment, the construction waste with similar shape and size in a certain mass range is sorted again, and finally the best sorting effect is achieved.

The feeding mechanism 2 comprises a feeding port 21, a baffle 22, a passive ratchet wheel 23, a movable rod 24, an action rod 25, a driving motor 26, a driving ratchet wheel 27 and a feeding port 28, wherein the baffle 22 is positioned at the lower end of the feeding port 21, two sides of the baffle 22 are respectively connected with the side wall of the feeding port 21 in a sliding manner, the passive ratchet wheel 23 is connected to the side wall of the sorting machine body 1 in a switching manner, the passive ratchet wheel 23 is positioned below the baffle 22, one end of the movable rod 24 is rotatably connected with the eccentric position of the passive ratchet wheel 23, the other end of the movable rod 24 is movably connected with the action rod 25, the action rod 25 is movably arranged in the vertical direction in a limiting manner, one end of the action rod 25, far away from the movable rod 24, is movably connected with the eccentric position of the baffle 22, the driving motor 26 is positioned at one side of the passive ratchet wheel 23, far away from the light and heavy sorting mechanism 3, the feed opening 28 is provided obliquely at an end of the baffle plate 22 remote from the action rod 25.

The power supply is connected, the driving motor 26 is started, the driving motor 26 drives the driving ratchet wheel 27 to move, the driving ratchet wheel 27 is abutted against the pawl of the driven ratchet wheel 23, the driven ratchet wheel 23 is driven to move intermittently, one end of the movable rod 24 rotates relative to the driven ratchet wheel 23, and the other end drives the action rod 25 to do reciprocating linear motion up and down; garbage is fed into the feeding port 21, and the baffle plate 22 and the feeding port 21 are relatively displaced under the driving of the action rod 25, so that the garbage intermittently enters the feeding port 28 from the feeding port 21.

The light and heavy sorting mechanism 3 comprises a light and heavy sorting cavity 31, a sand storage tank 32, a heavy discharge port 33, a light discharge port 34, a first fan 35, a first air pipe 36, a filter screen 37, a support rod 38, a telescopic rod 39 and an extension spring 310, wherein the sand storage tank 32 is connected with the lower end of the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, the heavy discharge port 33 is arranged on one side of the sand storage tank 32 far away from the first air pipe 36, the light discharge port 34 is connected with the upper end of the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, the first fan 35 is arranged at the upper end of the light discharge port 34, the first fan 35 is respectively communicated with the light discharge port 34 and the sand storage tank 32 through the first air pipe 36, the filter screen 37 is obliquely arranged at the connection position of the sand storage tank 32 and the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, the support rod 38 is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the support rod 38 is fixed on the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, one end of the telescopic rod 39 is fixed on the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, the other end of the telescopic rod 39 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity 31, the extension spring 310 penetrates through the telescopic rod 39, and the end, connected with the support rod 38, of the filter screen 37 is higher than the end, connected with the telescopic rod 39, of the filter screen 37; the outlet end of the feed port 28 extends through a telescoping rod 39 above the screen 37.

Garbage enters the light and heavy sorting cavity 31 from the feeding hole 28, is communicated with a power supply, starts the first fan 35, and enables the areas of the light discharging hole 34 and the sand dust storage tank 32 to be in a negative pressure environment under the action of the first air pipe 36; the dust storage box 32 can adsorb dust carried in the garbage, so that the dust can be uniformly collected after falling through the filter screen 37; the garbage falls into the filter screen 37, the filter screen 37 is impacted by the gravity of the garbage, so that the telescopic rod 39 and the extension spring 310 are extended, and then the extension spring 310 drives the telescopic rod 39 to perform resetting and contracting motions to provide an upward acting force for the garbage; the light garbage moves upwards away from the filter screen 37 and enters the light discharge port 34 under the adsorption action of the first fan 35; the heavy garbage falls into the filter screen 37 again after going upwards by a small amplitude due to the self weight, and moves downwards along the inclined direction of the filter screen 37 until falling into the heavy garbage outlet 33.

The shape sorting mechanism 4 comprises a shape sorting cavity 41, a small discharge hole 42, a large discharge hole 43, a sorting wheel 44, a second fan 45, a second air pipe 46, an air duct 47 and a sand and dust collecting box 48, wherein the feed end of the shape sorting cavity 41 is respectively communicated with a heavy discharge hole 33 and a light discharge hole 34, the small discharge hole 42 and the large discharge hole 43 are connected with the lower end of the shape sorting cavity 41, the small discharge hole 42 is positioned at two sides of the large discharge hole 43, the sorting wheel 44 is connected with the middle part of the shape sorting cavity 41 in a switching manner, the air duct 47 is respectively arranged along the side wall of the shape sorting cavity 41, the second fan 45 is positioned at the outer side of the shape sorting cavity 41, the second fan 45 is communicated with the air duct 47 through the second air pipe 46, and one end, far away from the second.

The garbage with different mass ranges respectively enters the shape sorting cavity 41, is communicated with a power supply, drives the second fan 45, and forms a negative pressure environment inside the air duct 47 under the action of the second air pipe 46 to adsorb sand and dust carried on the surface of the garbage, and then is uniformly collected to the sand and dust collecting box 48, so that the influence of the sand and dust on the garbage sorting process is avoided; the garbage moves under the action of gravity and collides with the inner wall of the shape sorting cavity 41 in the process to be balanced until the garbage moves to the branch rotating wheel 44, and the garbage with different shapes and sizes is respectively guided into the small discharge port 42 and the large discharge port 43 by the branch rotating wheel 44; in addition, since part of the garbage with smaller shape and size also enters the large discharge port 43, and the garbage with larger shape and size is not affected by the adsorption effect of the air duct 47, the garbage with smaller shape and size can move along the inner wall of the large discharge port 43 until the garbage falls into the small discharge port 42 again.

The metal sorting mechanism 5 comprises a metal sorting cavity 51, a metal discharge port 52, a non-metal discharge port 53, a motor 54, a rotating shaft 55, a connecting rod 56, a rotating drum 57, a coil column 58 and a coil 59, wherein the feed end of the metal sorting cavity 51 is respectively communicated with the small discharge port 42 and the large discharge port 43, the metal discharge port 52 and the non-metal discharge port 53 are connected with the lower end of the metal sorting cavity 51, the metal discharge port 52 is positioned at two sides of the non-metal discharge port 53, the motor 54 is positioned at the outer side of the metal sorting cavity 52, the rotating shaft 55 is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the rotating shaft 55 is connected with the action end of the motor 54, the other end of the rotating shaft 55 penetrates through the side wall of the metal sorting cavity 51 and extends into the metal sorting cavity 51, one end of the connecting rod 56 is respectively connected with the rotating shaft 55, the other end of the connecting rod, the feed end of the non-metal discharge port 53 is positioned at the lower end of the rotary drum 57, the coil columns 58 are symmetrically arranged at the outer side of the metal separation cavity 51, and the coils 59 surround the coil columns 58.

Garbage in a certain mass range and similar in shape and size respectively enters the metal sorting cavity 51, the motor 54 is driven, the motor 54 drives the rotating shaft 55 to rotate, the rotating shaft 55 drives the rotating drum 57 to rotate through the connecting rod 56, and centrifugal acting force is generated on the sorted garbage; the coil pole 58 is externally connected with a power supply, so that an eddy magnetic field is generated between the coils 59, and the garbage containing metal components passes through and makes cutting magnetic induction line movement, so that the temperature of the garbage containing metal components is increased, and the garbage containing metal components is different from the garbage containing no metal components in physical properties; the garbage containing the metal components passes through the drum 57 and enters the metal outlet 52, and the garbage free of the metal components falls directly from the drum 57 into the non-metal outlet 53.

The side wall of the rotary drum 57 is provided with a plurality of through holes 571, two ends of the through holes 571 are respectively provided with rubber 572, the rubbers 572 are connected by a compression spring 573, the rubber 572 is provided with an eccentric hole 5721, and the edge of the eccentric hole 5721 is connected with the edge of the rubber 572 by an elastic spring 574.

Under the centrifugal action, the garbage moves to the through hole 571 along the side wall of the rotary drum 57, and the rubber 572 and the compression spring 573 are squeezed; the garbage containing metal components is continuously contacted with the rubber 572 under the action of centrifugal force due to high heat of the garbage containing metal components, the eccentric hole 5721 deforms in the process, the elastic spring 574 is stretched, so that the garbage containing metal components can enter the metal discharge hole 52 through the eccentric hole 5721, and then the eccentric hole 5721 realizes reset motion under the action of the elastic spring 574; in the process that the garbage without metal components contacts the rubber 572, the eccentric hole 5721 is not deformed and only stays on the surface of the rubber 572, and then collides with other garbage to continue moving along the side wall of the rotary drum 57 until the garbage falls into the nonmetal discharging hole 53.

Metal sorting mechanism 5 still includes separation effect monitoring part 6, separation effect monitoring part 6 is including monitoring ring 61, magnet piece 52 and pressure sensor 63, monitoring ring 61 cavity and inside cavity that is equipped with, monitoring ring 61 is located nonmetal discharge gate 53's upper end, monitoring ring 61's the inside wall setting of nonmetal discharge gate 53 of excircle lateral wall laminating, magnet piece 52 laminates monitoring ring 61's the setting of interior circle lateral wall, pressure sensor 63 is located monitoring ring 61's inside.

When the garbage without metal components falls into the nonmetal discharge hole 53, the magnet block 52 can adsorb the metal crushed aggregates which may be carried in the garbage, and the metal crushed aggregates have high heat due to the magnetic induction linear cutting motion inside the metal sorting cavity 51, so that the pressure inside the monitoring ring 61 changes, and then the pressure sensor 63 transmits a change signal, thereby realizing the separation monitoring effect.

The mesh of the filter screen 37 is provided with a plurality of rollers 371, which are arranged to accelerate downward movement of heavy garbage that cannot move upward greatly due to self gravity, and accelerate the sorting process of the light and heavy sorting mechanism 3.

Be equipped with a plurality of archs 411 on the inside wall of shape sorting chamber 41, the aim at of setting: firstly, the shape sorting chamber 41 interacts with the garbage moving in the shape sorting chamber, the shape and size of each garbage are balanced in the process, and the phenomenon of garbage blockage in the sorting process is prevented; secondly, the movement of the garbage in the shape sorting cavity 41 is blocked, and the movement speed of the garbage is slowed down, so that the optimal sorting effect is achieved.

The rubber 572 has thermal plasticity, and when contacting with the garbage with metal components with heat, the rubber 572 generates plastic deformation, otherwise, only generates slight deformation due to self elastic characteristics, so as to distinguish whether the garbage contains the metal components, and realize the function of the metal sorting mechanism 5, thereby achieving the most accurate sorting effect.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: 1. the power supply is connected, the driving motor 26 is started, the driving motor 26 drives the driving ratchet wheel 27 to move, the driving ratchet wheel 27 is abutted against the pawl of the driven ratchet wheel 23, the driven ratchet wheel 23 is driven to move intermittently, one end of the movable rod 24 rotates relative to the driven ratchet wheel 23, and the other end drives the action rod 25 to do reciprocating linear motion up and down;

2. the garbage is put into the feeding port 21, and the baffle 22 and the feeding port 21 are relatively displaced under the driving of the action rod 25, so that the garbage intermittently enters the feeding port 28 from the feeding port 21;

3. garbage enters the light and heavy sorting cavity 31 from the feeding hole 28, is communicated with a power supply, starts the first fan 35, and enables the areas of the light discharging hole 34 and the sand dust storage tank 32 to be in a negative pressure environment under the action of the first air pipe 36;

the dust storage box 32 can adsorb dust carried in the garbage, so that the dust can be uniformly collected after falling through the filter screen 37; the garbage falls into the filter screen 37, the filter screen 37 is impacted by the gravity of the garbage, so that the telescopic rod 39 and the extension spring 310 are extended, and then the extension spring 310 drives the telescopic rod 39 to perform resetting and contracting motions to provide an upward acting force for the garbage;

the light garbage moves upwards away from the filter screen 37 and enters the light discharge port 34 under the adsorption action of the first fan 35; the heavy garbage falls into the filter screen 37 again after upwards in a small amplitude due to the self weight, and moves downwards along the inclined direction of the filter screen 37 under the auxiliary action of the roller 371 until falling into the heavy garbage outlet 33;

4. the garbage with different mass ranges respectively enters the shape sorting cavity 41, is communicated with a power supply, drives the second fan 45, and forms a negative pressure environment inside the air duct 47 under the action of the second air pipe 46 to adsorb sand and dust carried on the surface of the garbage, and then is uniformly collected to the sand and dust collecting box 48, so that the influence of the sand and dust on the garbage sorting process is avoided;

the garbage moves under the action of gravity, and collides with the protrusion 411 in the process to be balanced until the garbage moves to the sub-rotating wheel 44, and the garbage with different shapes and sizes is respectively guided into the small-sized discharge hole 42 and the large-sized discharge hole 43 by the sub-rotating wheel 44;

in addition, as part of the garbage with smaller shape and size also enters the large discharge port 43, the garbage with larger shape and size is not influenced by the adsorption effect of the air duct 47, and the garbage with smaller shape and size moves along the inner wall of the large discharge port 43 until the garbage falls into the small discharge port 42 again;

5. garbage in a certain mass range and similar in shape and size respectively enters the metal sorting cavity 51, the motor 54 is driven, the motor 54 drives the rotating shaft 55 to rotate, the rotating shaft 55 drives the rotating drum 57 to rotate through the connecting rod 56, centrifugal acting force is generated on the sorted garbage, and the garbage moves downwards along the side wall of the rotating drum 57;

the coil pole 58 is externally connected with a power supply, so that an eddy magnetic field is generated between the coils 59, and the garbage containing metal components passes through and makes cutting magnetic induction line movement, so that the temperature of the garbage containing metal components is increased, and the garbage containing metal components is different from the garbage containing no metal components in physical properties;

6. the garbage moves to the through hole 571 along the side wall of the rotating drum 57, and the rubber 572 and the compression spring 573 are squeezed under the centrifugal action;

the garbage containing metal components continuously contacts with the rubber 572 under the action of centrifugal force, in the process, the rubber 572 is subjected to plastic deformation due to high heat of the garbage containing metal components, the eccentric hole 5721 is deformed accordingly, the elastic spring 574 is stretched, so that the garbage containing metal components can enter the metal discharge hole 52 through the eccentric hole 5721, and then the eccentric hole 5721 realizes reset movement under the action of the elastic spring 574;

in the process that the garbage without metal components contacts the rubber 572, the eccentric hole 5721 does not deform and only stays on the surface of the rubber 572, and then collides with other garbage to continue moving along the side wall of the rotary drum 57 until the garbage falls into the nonmetal discharge hole 53;

7. when the garbage without metal components falls into the nonmetal discharge hole 53, the magnet block 52 can adsorb the metal crushed aggregates which may be carried in the garbage, and the metal crushed aggregates have high heat due to the magnetic induction linear cutting motion inside the metal sorting cavity 51, so that the pressure inside the monitoring ring 61 changes, and then the pressure sensor 63 transmits a change signal, thereby realizing the separation monitoring effect.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Garbage separator with separation effect monitoring, its characterized in that: the garbage sorting machine comprises a sorting machine body (1), a feeding mechanism (2), a light and heavy sorting mechanism (3), a shape sorting mechanism (4) and a metal sorting mechanism (5), wherein one end of the feeding mechanism (2) is fixed on the side wall of the sorting machine body (1), the other end of the feeding mechanism (2) is connected with the feeding end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism (3), the discharging end of the light and heavy sorting mechanism (3) is connected with the feeding end of the shape sorting mechanism (4), the discharging end of the shape sorting mechanism (4) is connected with the feeding end of the metal sorting mechanism (5), and the discharging end of the metal sorting mechanism (5) is fixed on the side wall of the sorting mechanism body (1).

2. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism (2) comprises a feeding port (21), a baffle (22), a driven ratchet wheel (23), a movable rod (24), an acting rod (25), a driving motor (26), a driving ratchet wheel (27) and a feeding port (28), wherein the baffle (22) is positioned at the lower end of the feeding port (21), two sides of the baffle (22) are respectively connected with the side wall of the feeding port (21) in a sliding manner, the driven ratchet wheel (23) is connected onto the side wall of the sorting machine body (1) in a switching manner, the driven ratchet wheel (23) is positioned below the baffle (22), one end of the movable rod (24) is rotatably connected with the eccentric part of the driven ratchet wheel (23), the other end of the movable rod (24) is movably connected with the acting rod (25), the acting rod (25) is movably arranged in a limiting vertical direction, one end, far away from the movable rod (24), of the acting rod (25) is movably connected with the eccentric part of the baffle (22, the driving motor (26) is located on one side, far away from the light and heavy sorting mechanism (3), of the driven ratchet wheel (23), the driving ratchet wheel (27) is connected with the action end of the driving motor (26) in a switching mode, the driving ratchet wheel (27) is abutted to the pawl of the driven ratchet wheel (23), and the feed port (28) is obliquely arranged at one end, far away from the action rod (25), of the baffle plate (22).

3. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 2, wherein: the light and heavy sorting mechanism (3) comprises a light and heavy sorting cavity (31), a sand and dust storage box (32), a heavy discharge port (33), a light discharge port (34), a first fan (35), a first air pipe (36), a filter screen (37), a support rod (38), an expansion rod (39) and an extension spring (310), wherein the sand and dust storage box (32) is connected with the lower end of the light and heavy sorting cavity (31), the heavy discharge port (33) is arranged on one side of the sand and dust storage box (32) far away from the first air pipe (36), the light discharge port (34) is connected with the upper end of the light and heavy sorting cavity (31), the first fan (35) is arranged at the upper end of the light discharge port (34), the first fan (35) is respectively communicated with the light discharge port (34) and the sand and dust storage box (32) through a first air pipe (36), the filter screen (37) is obliquely arranged at the connection position of the sand and dust storage box (32) and the light and heavy, the supporting rod (38) is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the supporting rod (38) is fixed on the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity (31), the other end of the supporting rod (38) is movably connected with the filter screen (37), the telescopic rod (39) is arranged in parallel to the supporting rod (38), one end of the telescopic rod (39) is fixed on the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity (31), the other end of the telescopic rod (39) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the light and heavy sorting cavity (31), the extension spring (310) penetrates through the telescopic rod (39), and one end, connected with the supporting rod (38), of the filter screen (37) is higher than one end, connected with the telescopic rod (39), of the filter screen (37); the outlet end of the feed inlet (28) penetrates through an expansion rod (39) and extends above the filter screen (37).

4. A waste sorter with separation effectiveness monitoring as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the shape sorting mechanism (4) comprises a shape sorting cavity (41), a small discharge hole (42), a large discharge hole (43), a sorting wheel (44), a second fan (45), a second air pipe (46), an air duct (47) and a sand and dust collecting box (48), wherein the feeding end of the shape sorting cavity (41) is respectively communicated with a heavy discharge hole (33) and a light discharge hole (34), the small discharge hole (42) and the large discharge hole (43) are connected with the lower end of the shape sorting cavity (41), the small discharge holes (42) are positioned on two sides of the large discharge hole (43), the sorting wheel (44) is connected with the middle part of the shape sorting cavity (41), the air duct (47) is respectively arranged along the side wall of the shape sorting cavity (41), the second fan (45) is positioned on the outer side of the shape sorting cavity (41), and the second fan (45) is communicated with the air duct (47) through the second air pipe (46), and a sand and dust collecting box (48) is arranged at one end of the air duct (47) far away from the second fan (45).

5. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 4, wherein: the metal sorting mechanism (5) comprises a metal sorting cavity (51), a metal discharge port (52), a nonmetal discharge port (53), a motor (54), a rotating shaft (55), a connecting rod (56), a rotating drum (57), a coil column (58) and a coil (59), wherein the feeding end of the metal sorting cavity (51) is respectively communicated with a small discharge port (42) and a large discharge port (43), the metal discharge port (52) and the nonmetal discharge port (53) are connected to the lower end of the metal sorting cavity (51), the metal discharge ports (52) are positioned on two sides of the nonmetal discharge port (53), the motor (54) is positioned on the outer side of the metal sorting cavity (52), the rotating shaft (55) is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the rotating shaft (55) is connected with the action end of the motor (54), and the other end of the rotating shaft (55) penetrates through the side wall of the metal sorting cavity (51) and extends to the inside of the metal sorting, one end of the connecting rod (56) is connected with the rotating shaft (55), the other end of the connecting rod (56) is connected with the inner side wall of the rotating drum (57), the axial positions of the rotating shaft (55), the rotating drum (57) and the metal sorting cavity (51) are overlapped, the feeding end of the non-metal discharging port (53) is located at the lower end of the rotating drum (57), the coil posts (58) are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the metal sorting cavity (51), and the coil (59) is wound on the coil posts (58).

6. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 5, wherein: the side wall of the rotary drum (57) is provided with a plurality of through holes (571), two ends of each through hole (571) are provided with rubber (572), the rubbers (572) are connected through a compression spring (573), each rubber (572) is provided with an eccentric hole (5721), and the edge of each eccentric hole (5721) is connected with the edge of each rubber (572) through an elastic spring (574).

7. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 5, wherein: metal sorting mechanism (5) still include separation effect monitoring part (6), separation effect monitoring part (6) are including monitoring ring (61), magnet piece (52) and pressure sensor (63), monitoring ring (61) cavity and inside are equipped with the cavity, and monitoring ring (61) are located the upper end of non-metal discharge gate (53), and the inside wall setting of the non-metal discharge gate (53) of the outer circle lateral wall laminating of monitoring ring (61), the interior circle lateral wall setting of magnet piece (52) laminating monitoring ring (61), pressure sensor (63) are located the inside of monitoring ring (61).

8. A waste sorter with separation effectiveness monitoring as claimed in claim 3 wherein: a plurality of rollers (371) are arranged at the mesh of the filter screen (37) in a penetrating way.

9. The waste sorting machine with separation effect monitoring of claim 4, wherein: the inner side wall of the shape sorting cavity (41) is provided with a plurality of bulges (411).

10. The waste sorter with separation effectiveness monitoring of claim 6, wherein: the rubber (572) has thermoplastic properties.