CN112702432A - Automatic network building method for photovoltaic module array - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic network construction method for a photovoltaic module array, which realizes automatic networking of all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array on the direct current side of an inverter, automatically identifies inverter information to which the photovoltaic modules belong, avoids manual registration and entry, reduces labor cost and avoids the possibility of manual error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to an automatic network construction method for a photovoltaic module array.
Background
Solar energy is a renewable clean energy source, and is increasingly popular with the attention of domestic and foreign countries to clean energy sources and the interest factors such as energy structure adjustment. Therefore, the photovoltaic industry has a good development prospect, and especially a distributed photovoltaic system can utilize solar energy according to local conditions.
In the prior art, in order to realize information management of a single photovoltaic module and a real-time monitoring function, information of an inverter to which each photovoltaic module belongs needs to be recorded in a system, so that a networking process is conveniently completed. As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of photovoltaic modules form a string, and the plurality of strings are connected in parallel to an inverter. One end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the inverter, and the other end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the main station. Under the current solution of the photovoltaic module array type power generation system, the information of the inverter of each module needs to be manually recorded in the photovoltaic module installation stage, and then a network white list needs to be manually established. This requires the input of manpower and material resources during the installation phase and the manual recording of the information relating to the component. However, manual recording is time consuming, labor intensive, inefficient, and prone to error.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
an automatic network building method for a photovoltaic module array comprises the following steps:
step S1, the master station sends a starting instruction to the data collector through the wireless communication network;
step S2, the data collector sends a first instruction to a Central Coordinator (CCO), wherein the first instruction is used for closing a white list and starting the registration of a component STA;
step S3, the module STA starts to send registration message to the central coordinator;
step S4, the central coordinator reports information of the network access STA to the data collector, wherein the information comprises an MAC address and component number information;
step S5, the central coordinator judges the end of registration, generates registration end information, sends the registration end information to the data collector through the serial port message, and the data collector forwards the registration end information to the master station;
step S6, the master station generates a white list by using the information of all the registered network-accessing STAs and issues the white list to the data collector;
and step S7, the data acquisition unit informs the central coordinator of synchronizing the white list issued in the step S6, and the automatic network establishment process is completed.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a photovoltaic module array system, including: the system comprises a main station, a data acquisition unit, a Central Coordinator (CCO) and an inverter; the master station and the data acquisition unit transmit data through wireless communication; the data acquisition unit, the Central Coordinator (CCO) and the inverter are sequentially connected; a plurality of banks connected in series-parallel to the inverter; each group string is formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series; the photovoltaic assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel, a junction box and an STA (station); STA is installed in photovoltaic module's terminal box, realizes data acquisition and BPLC communication. The STA is internally recorded with a component number, and the main station is internally stored with the corresponding relation between the MAC address of the STA and the component number.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the automatic networking method of the photovoltaic module array system provided by the invention realizes automatic networking of all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array on the DC side of the inverter, automatically identifies inverter information to which the photovoltaic modules belong, avoids manual registration and entry, reduces labor cost and avoids the possibility of manual error.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art DC side topology diagram of a photovoltaic module array power generation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic module array system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a data flow diagram of a photovoltaic module array ad hoc network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of implementation in many different ways than those herein set forth and of similar import by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of this application and is therefore not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an architecture of a photovoltaic module array system according to the present invention, which includes a master station, a data collector, a Central Coordinator (CCO), and an inverter; the master station and the data acquisition unit transmit data through wireless communication; the data acquisition unit, the Central Coordinator (CCO) and the inverter are connected in sequence. A plurality of banks are connected in series-parallel to the inverter. Each group string is formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series. The photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a junction box and an STA. STA is installed in photovoltaic module's terminal box, realizes data acquisition and BPLC communication. The STA is internally recorded with a component number, and the main station is internally stored with the corresponding relation between the MAC address of the STA and the component number.
The master station is a server system for realizing informatization management in the photovoltaic power generation system. A data collector (Concentrator Device) is a central communication Device that connects photovoltaic power plant field devices and a master station. A CCO (Central Coordinator) is a master node in a BPLC (Broadband Power Line Communication) Communication network, and is responsible for performing networking control, network maintenance and management, and other functions. The photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a junction box and an STA. The photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic power generation unit with BPLC communication capability. The STA (Station) is a terminal which is arranged in a junction box of a photovoltaic module and realizes data acquisition and BPLC communication. The assembly junction box is internally provided with an STA module, the STA has a unique MAC address identifier, and when the assembly is assembled, the assembly number is burnt into the STA module. And simultaneously, recording the corresponding relation between the MAC address of the STA and the component number into the master station.
The ad hoc network method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, which is a data flow chart of the photovoltaic module array ad hoc network of the present invention, after the field installation and the power on, the photovoltaic module array automatic network building method of the present invention executes the following steps:
step S1, the master station sends a starting instruction to the data collector through the wireless communication network;
step S2, the data collector sends a first instruction to a Central Coordinator (CCO), wherein the first instruction is used for closing a white list and starting the registration of a component STA;
step S3, the module STA starts to send registration message to the central coordinator;
step S4, the central coordinator reports information of the network access STA to the data collector, wherein the information comprises an MAC address and component number information;
step S5, the central coordinator judges the end of registration, generates registration end information, sends the registration end information to the data collector through the serial port message, and the data collector forwards the registration end information to the master station;
step S6, the master station generates a white list by using the information of all the registered network-accessing STAs and issues the white list to the data collector;
and step S7, the data acquisition unit informs the central coordinator of synchronizing the white list issued in the step S6, and the automatic network establishment process is completed.
The ad hoc network process is initiated by the master station, and the start instruction in step S1 is "start component search". The wireless communication network is any one of GPRS, a 4G network, a 5G NR, WLAN, WiMAX, Bluetooth and Zigbee.
In step S2, the white list is a set of entries of MAC addresses of allowed network entry stations. The CCO may perform management authentication on the site requesting for network access through the white list. Different communication networks may have different white lists. After receiving the association request message of the site, the CCO compares the MAC address of the site requesting to be accessed with a white list table item stored locally by the CCO, and when the MAC address of the site requesting to be accessed is in a CCO white list, the CCO allows the site to be added into the network; when the MAC address of the station requesting to enter the network is not in the white list, the CCO rejects the station to join and informs the station that it may not request to join the network again for a period of time (default 150 s). After the STA registers for network entry, the CCO needs to start the white list function by default and needs to configure white list entries. When the white list function is started by default, if the specific table entry of the white list is not configured, the STA station cannot pass the white list authentication, so that the STA cannot access the network.
Before step S1, step S0 is further included, in which the component number is burned into the STA module, and the correspondence between the MAC address of the STA and the component number is recorded into the master station.
Wherein, the step S3 includes the following substeps at the STA end:
step S31, selecting a network to be added according to the communication success rate or the network level;
step S32, selecting agents, selecting at most 5 optimal agents in the network to be added according to the channel quality;
step S33, joining the network, after the candidate agent is selected, the STA sends a network access request to the CCO; if not, the STA tries to send the network access request again; if the number of times of the network access request failure sent by the STA reaches a preset threshold value, judging that the network access is failed, and returning to the step S31 again; if the network access confirmation reply of the CCO is received, the registration process is finished.
Network selection (Network select) refers to selecting a Network to join. After the STA is powered on, it may receive messages of multiple networks (with different NIDs), and the STA station may select a network with a better signal among the multiple networks according to the multiple network preference flag, and use the network as an access target network of the STA station, or select a network discovered for the first time as an access target network. Network Identification (NID), is a unique ID used to identify a communication network. When a station in the same communication network, including a CCO, sends a packet, it is necessary to indicate NID in "frame control" of an MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit), which indicates the communication network to which the current packet belongs.
An optimum is selected among the plurality of discovered networks. The optimal logic is determined to be a priority of communication success rate, and then a priority of network level indicated by a discovery list message (MMeDiscoverNodeList) is determined to be a priority of network level being small. The communication success rate indicates the success rate of uplink and downlink communication between the site sending the discovery list message and the proxy site thereof. The communication success rate is expressed using percentage data, and if the communication success rate with the proxy station is 78%, the value is 78. The communication success rate is obtained by a communication success rate report message (MMeSeuccesReport) of the agent site. The communication success rate information includes the communication success rate of each sub-site of the proxy site. The agent station in the network needs to report the communication success rate between itself and its sub-station in a fixed period (4 routing periods).
The agent station can calculate the success rate of uplink communication from the sub-station to the agent station by counting the discovery list messages of the receiving sub-stations. The agent site can obtain the receiving success rate of the discovery list message sent by the agent site through analyzing the discovery list message of the sub-site, which is the success rate of downlink communication. The agent station needs to collect all the uplink communication success rate and the downlink communication success rate with the sub-stations to form a communication success rate report message, and the report message is sent to the CCO, and the CCO maintains the communication success rate data of the whole network topology. When a station calculates a communication success rate (or an uplink and downlink communication success rate) with other stations, the station can be calculated by multiplying the uplink communication success rate by the downlink communication success rate.
Proxy select (Proxy select): when a network is selected to join, at most 5 optimal agents are selected in the network.
When an STA accesses a network, it first needs to select its proxy site through receiving and evaluating network messages, where the proxy site may be a CCO or other STA sites. The principle of selecting proxy sites is generally that the channel quality is better and the path to the CCO is shorter. The channel quality is represented by the raw signal-to-noise ratio data.
Join network (Join network): after the candidate agent is selected, the STA sends a network access request to the CCO. If no reply is received from the CCO, the STA will attempt to send the network access request again. If the multiple attempts fail, the joining of the network fails, and the network selection process is returned again. If the network access confirmation reply of the CCO is received, the registration process is finished.
The network access of the STA is to notify the CCO by sending the association request message, and the CCO knows the network access request of the STA according to the association request message and performs confirmation reply. After the STA sends the association request, it needs to wait for the CCO to process the association request message, and then an association confirmation message or an association summary indication message sent by the CCO, or an association confirmation message sent by the proxy station. And the STA judges whether the network access is successful according to the result in the message. If the association confirmation or the association summary indication message is not received, the association request can be reinitiated; if the network access request is rejected, the STA may wait for a time interval according to the reassociation time and then request network access again, or may select another network (switching NID) to request network access.
According to the embodiment disclosed above, the automatic networking method for the photovoltaic module array system provided by the invention realizes automatic networking of all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array on the direct current side of the inverter, automatically identifies the inverter information to which the photovoltaic modules belong, avoids manual registration and entry, reduces the labor cost, and avoids the possibility of manual errors.
Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore, the scope of the present application should be determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic network building method for a photovoltaic module array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, the master station sends a starting instruction to the data collector through the wireless communication network;
step S2, the data collector sends a first instruction to a Central Coordinator (CCO), wherein the first instruction is used for closing a white list and starting the registration of a component STA;
step S3, the module STA starts to send registration message to the central coordinator;
step S4, the central coordinator reports information of the network access STA to the data collector, wherein the information comprises an MAC address and component number information;
step S5, the central coordinator judges the end of registration, generates registration end information, sends the registration end information to the data collector through the serial port message, and the data collector forwards the registration end information to the master station;
step S6, the master station generates a white list by using the information of all the registered network-accessing STAs and issues the white list to the data collector;
and step S7, the data acquisition unit informs the central coordinator of synchronizing the white list issued in the step S6, and the automatic network establishment process is completed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: before step S1, step S0 is further included, the component number is burned into the STA module, and the correspondence between the MAC address of the STA and the component number is recorded into the master station.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the wireless communication network is any one of GPRS, a 4G network, a 5G NR, WLAN, WiMAX, Bluetooth and Zigbee.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: step S3 is on the STA side, and includes the following sub-steps:
step S31, selecting a network to be added according to the communication success rate or the network level;
step S32, selecting agents, selecting at most 5 optimal agents in the network to be added according to the channel quality;
step S33, joining the network, after the candidate agent is selected, the STA sends a network access request to the CCO; if not, the STA tries to send the network access request again; if the number of times of the network access request failure sent by the STA reaches a preset threshold value, judging that the network access is failed, and returning to the step S31 again; if the network access confirmation reply of the CCO is received, the registration process is finished.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: the communication success rate indicates an uplink and downlink communication success rate between the station transmitting the discovery list message and the agent station thereof.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: the channel quality is represented by the raw signal-to-noise ratio data.
7. A photovoltaic module array system, comprising: the system comprises a main station, a data acquisition unit, a Central Coordinator (CCO) and an inverter; the master station and the data acquisition unit transmit data through wireless communication; the data acquisition unit, the Central Coordinator (CCO) and the inverter are sequentially connected; a plurality of banks connected in series-parallel to the inverter; each group string is formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series; the photovoltaic assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel, a junction box and an STA (station); the STA is arranged in a junction box of the photovoltaic module to realize data acquisition and BPLC communication; the STA is recorded with a component number, the main station is stored with the corresponding relation between the MAC address of the STA and the component number, and the system executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
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