CN106357305A - Self-networking method, device and system of tree structure network - Google Patents
Self-networking method, device and system of tree structure network Download PDFInfo
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- CN106357305A CN106357305A CN201610973736.6A CN201610973736A CN106357305A CN 106357305 A CN106357305 A CN 106357305A CN 201610973736 A CN201610973736 A CN 201610973736A CN 106357305 A CN106357305 A CN 106357305A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/244—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-networking method, device and system of a tree structure network, and belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things. The self-networking method of the tree structure network comprises the following steps: periodically sending beacon information through a central control node; after receiving the beacon information, sending association request information by a node in the network to the central control node; and re-sending association confirmation information by the central control node to a request node and distributing a node identifier and a transmission resource for the request node. The method further comprises the steps of providing a new node for network accessing, node removing and router optimizing. Through the adoption of the self-networking method of the tree structure network, an electric device is capable of rapidly networking in the tree network structure, and thus the technical problem of low networking efficiency caused by more network devices and low message transmission efficiency in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to internet of things field, particularly to a kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network, device
And system.
Background technology
Electric line carrier communication (referred to as: plc) is a kind of communication technology being carried out data transmission by electric wire.Plc is profit
With existing electrical network as the Transfer Medium of signal, make electrical network can carry out data communication, this mode while transmitting electric power
Power equipment in electrical network, instrument and household electrical appliance can be effectively monitored and controlled.Meanwhile, power line carrier technology is inserted i.e.
With, substantially increase production, work and life efficiency, saved cable wiring manufacture cost to a great extent, and it is stable, can
Lean on, abundant system resource is also easy to obtain.Above-mentioned a variety of feature and advantage make it be compared to other communication modes more to win one
Raise.
Based on the long-distance meter-reading system of broadband power line carrier (bpl), amr (remote meter reading) be in smart electric grid system
Basic application, broadband power line carrier electric energy meter is most important link during its realization.Remote meter reading (amr) is electricity
Energy table and other instrument (water, coal gas) usage amount accessing in electric energy meter pass through power line transmission to database server, and
Carry out charging and usage amount data analysiss that is to say, that electricity consumption (water, coal gas) charge need not rely on manually visit, estimate etc. former
The backward method that begins is realizing.Meanwhile, both sides of supply and demand preferably can carry out interaction, and then improves service quality, and branch out canal
Road.
The electricity consumption data of another aspect real-time and precise guarantees that power supply department obtains proficiency, abundant information material.For example,
By use time be divided into charging, with electrical feature, consumption habit, load curve record, have a power failure warnings, stealing warning, requirement predict,
The information that the various traditional approachs such as electric leakage record, long-range cut-out cannot obtain in time, in order to set up more accurate mathematical model,
Science realizes the big target of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The annual company standard modification plan of State Grid Corporation of China 2014 notifies, and in national grid section [2014] 64, provides
" power user power consumption information acquisition system " series standard.In the standard, in giving during single network organizing
Centre controls the networking behavior of coordinator (abbreviation cco), agent controller and equipment, but generally, the description of this specification is rough,
Particularly it is not directed to concrete implementation details.
" power user power consumption information acquisition system " standard being provided based on State Grid Corporation of China and the power network of reality
Network structure, power consumer electricity consumption information collecting device networking mode employs tree routing structure and carries out networking, as shown in Figure 1.
This network structure is used not only for the networking structure of power consumer electricity consumption information collecting device, is also largely used to various Internet of Things
In, have a wide range of applications scene.It is impossible to only consider the realization of function in addition it is also necessary to consider equipment in Practical Project is realized
Production and selling, and later stage operation maintenance cost, in the Internet of Things of other similar network topological structure, equally exist this
Individual problem.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network, device and be
System so that power equipment in tree network structure can quickly networking, solve in prior art because the network equipment is many and report
Civilian efficiency of transmission is low and leads to the low technical problem of networking efficiency.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention following technical scheme of offer:
A kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network, the method specifically includes following steps:
S1: periodically send beacon message after electricity on central control node；
After s2: nodes receive the beacon message of central control node transmission, send association request information to central authorities
Control node；
S3: central control node receives the association request information of node transmission, and association request information is processed, inspection
Look into association request node legitimacy, if legal, send association confirmation to requesting node；If illegal, abandon association
Solicited message；Described association confirmation includes the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node.
Further, after electricity on described central control node, other nodes are waited to send association request and start intervalometer；
After central control node has processed each association request information, all will restart this intervalometer；If this timer expiry, central authorities' control
Node processed does not continue to receive association request information then it is assumed that first nodes networking completes.
Further, after the completion of described first nodes networking, central control node request first nodes send beacon message；And
Start intervalometer, carry out two-level node networking；
After the node of undone networking receives the beacon message that first nodes are sent, then set this first nodes as this
Locum's node of node, and send association request information to described locum's node, described locum's node forwards
This association request information is to central control node；
Central control node receives the association request information that described locum's node forwards, and association request information is entered
Row is processed, and checks association request node legitimacy, if legal, sends association confirmation to locum's node, interim generation
Reason node is forwarded to requesting node by associating confirmation；If illegal, abandon association request information；Described association confirmation letter
Breath includes the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node；
If timer expiry, central control node does not continue to receive association request information then it is assumed that two-level node group
Net completes, and repeats this step, until all nodes all complete networking.
Further, methods described also includes new node networking step, particularly as follows: after electricity on new node, around search being
No have other nodes, and selects a locum's node as oneself；
New node saves to described locum and sends association request information, and locum saves the association request letter of new node
Breath is forwarded to central control node；
Central control node is processed to association request information, checks association request node legitimacy, if legal, sends out
Send association confirmation to locum's node, locum's node is forwarded to new node by associating confirmation；If illegal,
Then abandon association request information；Described association confirmation includes the node identification that central control node distributes for new node；
If locum saves as central control node, directly association request information is processed；
New node receives association confirmation, then set locum's node as father node, records central control node
The node identification distributing for it, completes to network.
Further, described new node select locum's node when, if having central control node in the node searching,
Then prioritizing selection central control node, as locum's node, if not having, selects first nodes, two-level node conduct successively
Locum's node；If in same one-level, search multiple nodes, then the top-quality node of new node selection signal is as facing
When agent node.
Further, methods described also includes node and removes step, particularly as follows: described node receives association confirmation
Afterwards, then complete the networking of node, the information that on node searching transfer resource, other nodes send, the content in parsing information, will
In the discovery list of node, measurement simultaneously receives the signal quality of information to the node identification record sending information node；If
This node does not receive a certain nodal information in discovery list within continuous two discovery cycles, then by this node from discovery row
Delete in table；Described node includes end node and agent node；
End node reception, to after association confirmation, starts supervision timer, periodically sends and find list information extremely
Agent node, is then transmit to central control node, if end node is first nodes, is sent directly to central control node；
Agent node receives end segment point discovery list information, checks this node the need of the discovery reporting agent node
List information is to central control node, if agent node had reported the discovery list of oneself, and the discovery row of this node
Table does not change, then do not need to report the discovery list information of this node to central control node, then agent node is by end
The discovery list information of node is reassembled into heartbeat message and sends toward even higher level of node；Otherwise, agent node is by this node
Find that list information is also assembled in heartbeat message, send to even higher level of node；
Central control node collects the discovery list information of all nodes, has detected whether nodes break down or has been moved
Remove, if there are node not in the discovery list information of all nodes, judging this nodes break down or being removed, in
Centre control node removes this node in routing iinformation.
Further, described central control node finds there is nodes break down or is removed, then central control node enters
Row agent update configures again repair way by central control node sends agency's change solicited message and saves to the agency removing node
Point, then the child node for removing node reassign agent node.
Further, methods described also includes routing optimality step, particularly as follows: after the completion of described node networking, central authorities control
Periodic harvest is derived from the discovery list information of each node by node, and is saved in the routing iinformation of central control node
In；I.e. central control node saves the adjacent node information of each node in current network in real time；
Central control node routing optimality starts it is assumed that each node first nodes is agency's section from first nodes
Point, then that lists each first nodes communicates node, communicates the most first nodes of nodes and is defined as new agent node, with
The node that it communicates is all the child node of this node, have determined as in this process central control node, agent node or
It is that the child node of agent node is not being listed in wherein, each node only one of which father node；After first nodes complete, equally former
Reason carries out two-level node networking optimization again, to the last first nodes；
Central control node, according to finding list information, is reassembled into a complete optimization routing table, now central authorities' control
Optimization routing table and original routing table are compared by node processed, are compared one by one with each node in first nodes, then
Two-level node, three-level node to the last first nodes, if the child node of contrast node changes, central control node
Send agency's change solicited message to this node, change its child node route information；
Central control node sends agency's change solicited message, the intermediate node of all processes, and all being changed according to agency please
Seek the child node information of the more new node in information, change the routing iinformation of this intermediate node.
A kind of automatic networking device of tree structure network, described device includes mesh information receiving unit, for receiving
Central controller and the mesh information of other device transmission；Mesh information transmitting element, for receive central controller or
After the beacon message that other devices send, send association request information to central control node；Routing iinformation storage element, is used for
Store the routing iinformation of this device, including the higher level equipment of this device, the node identification of subordinate equipment and signal quality.
A kind of automatic network-building system of tree structure network, this system includes central controller and automatic networking device, institute
State central controller and include mesh information transmitting element, for periodically sending beacon message when networking；Legitimacy detects
Unit, for receiving after the association request information that node sends, carries out validity checking to node；Node removes checklist
Whether unit, have nodes break down or be removed for checking in network；Described automatic networking device includes mesh information and connects
Receive unit, for receiving the mesh information of central controller and other device transmission；Mesh information transmitting element, for receiving
After the beacon message sending to central controller or other device, send association request information to central control node；Route letter
Breath storage element, for storing the routing iinformation of this device, including the higher level equipment of this device, the node identification of subordinate equipment and
Signal quality.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the present invention provide a kind of tree structure network automatic network-building method so that
Power equipment is capable of quickly networking in tree network structure, solves in prior art because the network equipment is many and message transmissions
The low technical problem leading to networking efficiency low of efficiency.
Brief description
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below to carry out
Illustrate:
Fig. 1 is the equipment connection structure figure in plc power meter reading system；
Fig. 2 is tree structure network interior joint 1 route information table；
Fig. 3 is tree structure network Road by relation table；
Fig. 4 is tree structure network interior joint 2 route information table；
Fig. 5 is tree structure network interior joint 3 route information table；
Fig. 6 is that the discovery list of node 3 preserves；
Fig. 7 is the route information table increasing the node 3 after node 5；
Fig. 8 is the route information table increasing the node 3 after node 6；
Fig. 9 is the scene removing node；
Figure 10 is the node topology structure chart in routing optimality；
Figure 11 is the route information table preserving in device memory；
Figure 12 is the group network process of first nodes after cco device power-up in plc system；
Figure 13 is the group network process of two-level node in plc system and two grades of lower node；
Figure 14 is to increase new sta equipment schematic diagram in plc system；
Figure 15 increases the association processs such as sta equipment for after starting shooting in plc system；
Figure 16 is to delete sta equipment schematic diagram in plc system；
Figure 17 is plc system interior joint exception or the processing procedure being removed；
Figure 18 is routing optimality schematic diagram in plc system；
Figure 19 is routing optimality schematic diagram in plc system；
Figure 20 is to find list preserving type in central control node.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
A kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network that the present invention provides is so that power equipment is in tree network structure
In can quickly networking, solve in prior art and lead to networking efficiency low because the network equipment is many and message transmissions efficiency is low
Technical problem.The method specifically includes following steps:
Node in network, including central control node and other node, in order to adapt to tree-like networking structure in Internet of Things,
Routing iinformation can be preserved using tree structure body.In routing table, data structure includes node structure and child node structure, it
Be defined as follows:
Node structure
Routing table is in the preservation form in internal memory as shown in Fig. 2 the highest node wherein in tree structure network is referred to as
Central control node, the referred to as first nodes being directly connected with central control node；Be connected with first nodes, but not with central authorities
The referred to as two-level node that control node is connected；It is connected with two-level node, but the node not being connected with first nodes, referred to as three-level
Node.By that analogy, the node 1 in level Four node, Pyatyi node ..., such as Fig. 3 is central control node.
In the Internet of Things of tree structure, all nodes all preserve the complete routing iinformation of the node of below this node, and
This node also needs to preserve the node identification of father node.As shown in Figure 3.
Node 1 preserve routing table as shown in Fig. 2 node 2 preserve routing table as shown in figure 4, node 3 preserve route
Table is as shown in Figure 5.
Node in network, all adopts tree node structure body and child node knot including central control node and other node
Structure body preserves the discovery list of this node.
A kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network that the present invention provides, specifically includes following steps:
S1: periodically send beacon message after electricity on central control node；Include in described beacon and distribute to each node
The resource information that can use；
After s2: nodes receive the beacon message of central control node transmission, send association request information to central authorities
Control node；Node, can only be in the transfer resource enterprising row data distributing to the use of this node when sending association request information
Send.
S3: central control node receives the association request information of node transmission, and association request information is processed, inspection
Look into association request node legitimacy, if legal, send association confirmation to requesting node；If illegal, abandon association
Solicited message；Described association confirmation includes the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node.
Should during, central control node will record requesting node for its child node, and this child node is increased to
In the routing table child node of centre control node.Send association request node, receive central controller association confirmation it
Afterwards, the mark of record central control node distribution, and record the father node that central control node is this node.
After electricity on central control node, wait other nodes to send association request, and start intervalometer；Central authorities control section
After point has processed each association request information, all will restart this intervalometer；If this timer expiry, central control node does not have
Continue to receive association request information then it is assumed that first nodes networking completes.
After the completion of first nodes networking, central control node request first nodes send beacon message and start intervalometer,
Carry out two-level node networking；
After the node of undone networking receives the beacon message that first nodes are sent, then set this first nodes as this
Locum's node of node, and send association request information to described locum's node, described locum's node forwards
This association request information is to central control node；
Central control node receives the association request information that described locum's node forwards, and association request information is entered
Row is processed, and checks association request node legitimacy, if legal, sends association confirmation to locum's node, interim generation
Reason node is forwarded to requesting node by associating confirmation；If illegal, abandon association request information；Described association confirmation letter
Breath includes the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node.Meanwhile, central control node will record association request
The routing iinformation of node.
After described locum's node receives association confirmation, this node route list will be changed, setting sends association
The node of solicited message is the child node of oneself, and sends the association confirmation letter from central control node in transfer resource transfer
Breath；Send association request node, receive automatic network association request confirm after, preserve distribution node identification, and
Set locum's node as the father node of this node.
If timer expiry, central control node does not continue to receive association request information then it is assumed that two-level node group
Net completes, repeat the above steps, until all nodes all complete networking.
In tree topology network, tree topology node divide into a lot of levels, and central control node adopts rank groups
Net mode, is sequentially completed all classification networkings.Node between central control node and locum's node referred to as forwards section
Point, forward node receives and associates confirmation from central control node, needs to increase association request node in routing table, so
Forward the association confirmation receiving afterwards again.
Shown in Fig. 3, node 5 networks after completing, and the route information table of node 3 is as shown in Figure 7.
Central controller continues networking, sends to the association confirmation of node 6, after node 3, then node 3
Routing iinformation is changed into shown in Fig. 8.
In actual application, after initially tree-like topologic network completes, there is increase node or remove node
Situation, this will have influence on the record information of whole routing table.So after start networking completes, each node in network will continue
Continuous co-ordination is safeguarding the routing function of network.
New node Adding Way, in networking initial procedure, for the intermediate node that there is child node, central authorities control system
Node will distribute to the resource information that intermediate node can use, and such as central control node will be its point in central beacon
Join fixing agent beacon time slot, for broadcast agent beacon.In this process, central control node can also be in central authorities' letter
Certain node broadcasts concrete are required to find beacon in mark.The node searching newly increasing is to central beacon (i.e. central control node week
Phase property sends beacon message) or the signaling beacon of agent beacon or endpoint node transmission, then newly-increased node will select it
One of node as locum's node, and send association request information to central control node.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
After electricity on new node, whether there is other nodes around search, and select a locum as oneself
Node；, when selecting locum's node, if there being central control node in the node searching, prioritizing selection is central for new node
Control node, as locum's node, if not, selects first nodes, two-level node as locum's node successively；If
In same one-level, search multiple nodes, then the top-quality node of new node selection signal is as locum's node.
Newly increase node and pass through locum's node to central control node transmission association request information, central control node
After receiving association request information, check newly-increased node legitimacy, if illegally, abandon association request information, if legal,
Then identify for its distribution node, then assembling association confirmation, to locum's node, is forwarded to newly by locum's node
Increase node.
Central control node sends after associating confirmation, all nodes being passed through, i.e. intermediate node needs basis
Association confirmation content, change the routing iinformation of this intermediate node, will this intermediate node record locum's node son
A new child node (new child node is exactly to send the node of association request) is increased in node.
Newly increase node and receive association confirmation from locum's node, then set locum's node and save as father
Point, record central control node is the node identification of its distribution.
Through several processes above, newly increase node and just become one of whole tree-shaped topology network effectively node, and
And newly increase nodal information all recording to the intermediate node newly increasing node from central control node.
In addition to newly increasing node, in use, also have that node removes or node failure is it is impossible to provide
Whole routing function, the step that described node removes is as follows:
Node (including end node and agent node) receives and associates after confirmation, then complete the networking of node, node
The information that on search transfer resource, other nodes send, the content in parsing information, the node identification sending information node is remembered
In the discovery list of node, measurement simultaneously receives the signal quality of information for record；If this node finds the cycle at continuous two
Inside do not receive a certain nodal information in discovery list, then this node is deleted from discovery list.
The node not having child node is referred to as end node, and periodicity is sent and finds list information by end node, that is, end segment
After point completes association request process, start supervision timer, continue search for the information that on transfer resource, other nodes send, solution
Content in analysis information, record sends the node identification of this information to finding in list, and measurement simultaneously receives the signal matter of information
Record in this process, if receiving the beacon message that other nodes send, is also sent the node identification of beaconing nodes by amount
It is saved in discovery list, measure the signal quality of beacon simultaneously.Supervision timer time-out, then end node transmission finds list information
To father node (father node can be agent node can also be central control node), if a node finds the cycle at two
Inside do not receive a certain nodal information in discovery list, then this node is deleted from discovery list.
Agent node receive discovery list information after, check this node the need of report agent node find list letter
Cease central control node, if agent node had reported the discovery list of oneself and it was found that list does not change
Become, then agent node directly forwards the discovery list information of end node is heartbeat message, otherwise needs this agent node more
Newly oneself find list and after updating, will find that list information is also sent to central control node, that is, forwarding discovery list information is
When heartbeat message, the discovery list information increasing this node is in heartbeat message.
From agent node to central control node transmitting procedure, heartbeat message can be through multiple intermediate nodes, each
Intermediate node checks that this node finds list information to central control node the need of reporting, if intermediate node did not reported
Find list information, or find that list information has occurred and that change, then parse heartbeat message, increase the discovery list of this node
Information is in heartbeat message.
Central control node collect all nodes discovery list information, if there is node not other nodes send out
In existing list, then can be concluded that this nodes break down or be removed.
Central control node finds to remove node, needs to notify other this node of node to be removed, central authorities control section
Point carry out agent update configuration again repair way by.Central control node sends agency's change solicited message first to removing node
Agent node, then the child node for removing node reassign agent node, route is repaired.
After each node networking completes, by finding list information and heartbeat message, central control node obtains
The all nodes communicating with node 4, including node 6.If node 5 does not report discovery list information, and in node 4 and node
There is no node 5, then central control node thinks that node 5 has been removed in 6 discovery list yet.
In the scene of Fig. 9, central control node sends agency's change solicited message to node 4, by node 5 from node 4
Child list in delete, and increase node 6, setting node 4 is its agent node simultaneously.Proxy information change request warp
When crossing node 3, node 3 needs to change routing iinformation, records the child list of node 4 in modification node 3.
Said method gives device power-up automatic network-building, newly increases node and the step removing node, but networking
The route path being formed afterwards is not necessarily optimum line, so also needing to carry out periodically in routing iinformation maintenance process
Route optimization process.
Described routing optimality comprises the following steps:
After in network, each node completes routing table foundation, periodic harvest is derived from each node by central control node
Discovery list information, and be saved in central control node, that is, central control node preserves each in current network in real time
The adjacent node information of node.
Central control node routing optimality from the beginning of first nodes, find list search in, as long as and central authorities control section
The node definition that point communicates is first nodes, it is then assumed that each node in first nodes is agent node, then lists every
Individual first nodes communicate node, communicate the most first nodes of nodes and be defined as agent node, the node communicating therewith is all
It is the child node of this node.Have determined as the son of central control node, agent node or agent node in this process
Node is not being listed in wherein, each node only one of which father node.After first nodes complete, same principle carries out two-level node
Again networking optimization, three-level node, to the last first nodes.
Central control node, according to finding list information, is reassembled into a complete optimization routing table, now central authorities' control
Optimization routing table and original routing table are compared by node processed, are compared one by one with each node in first nodes, then
Two-level node, three-level node to the last first nodes.If the child node of contrast node changes, central control node
Send agency's change solicited message to this node, change its child node route information.
Central control node sends agency's change solicited message, and the intermediate node of all processes is all according to agency's change request
The child node information of the more new node in information, changes the routing iinformation of this intermediate node.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 10, circle represents each node to tree topology network, and node a is central control node, node
Between solid line routing iinformation, identical between broken line representation node, but whether route lines, such as node c4 sends letter
Breath, node c3 and node b2 can receive.
Data uplink data downlink transmission process of the present invention is as follows:
Down direction, that is, central control node is to the direction of downstream site transmission data.Central control node is sent
Destination node marking is contained, after central control node sends packet, first nodes can receive this data in packet
Bag, receives the node of this packet, checks whether the destination node marking in packet is this node or belongs to this node
Node in subtree.If it is, processing this packet or forwarding this packet to next stage node, otherwise discard processing.With
Sample, next stage node receives this packet, checks whether destination node marking is in this node or the subtree belonging to this node
Node.If it is, processing this packet or forwarding this packet to next stage node, otherwise packet discard process.?
In every grade of node, have and only one of which node can forward this packet, or have and only one of which node be destination node.As
In Figure 10 route information table, central control node transmits packets to node d4, comprises the mark of node d4 in this packet.
After central control node sends this packet, node b1, node b2 and node b3 can receive this packet, but section
Point d4 is in the subtree of node b2, so child node b2 will forward this packet, node b1 and node b3 then directly abandons.Section
After point b2 forwards packet, node c4 receives, and node c4 continues to forward, now node c3, node d4, node d5 and node d6
This packet can be received, then node d4 directly receives this packet and processed, node c3 will not forward, because node
D4 is not the node in node c3 subtree.Node d5 and node d6 also will not process this packet (destination node in packet
Mark is different with node d5 and node 6).
Up direction, that is, downstream site is to the direction of central control node transmission data.The data that downstream site is sent
Node identification containing central control node in bag, after each intermediate node receives this packet, checks that this packet sends
Node whether in this section point subtree, if it is, this packet is transmitted to the father node of oneself by this node, until be forwarded to
Central control node.As shown in Figure 1 it is assumed that node d4 transmits packets to central control node, then after node c4 receives,
Because node d4 is this section point children tree nodes, so node c4 forwards this packet.Node b2 receives the data of c4 node forwarding
Bag, because c4 node is the children tree nodes on node b2, so node b2 will forward this packet, until central control node is received
To this packet.As shown in Figure 10 it is assumed that node d4 transmits packets to central control node, must indicate that in this packet
The mark of agent node, after node d4 sends packet, node c3, node c4, node d3 can receive this packet, but
It is only to only have that in node c4 mark data bag, agent node is identical, then forward this packet, and other node is due to agency
Node identification is different and direct discard processing.Forward in packet in node c4, again packet agent node is changed node
B2, the same manner, always data is forwarded a packet to central control node.
In packet up direction transmitting procedure, if had problems between node c4 and node d4, that is, node d4 sends out
Send packet to node c4, but do not receive the confirmation of node c4 all the time, then node d4 thinks and communicates out and node c4 between
Show problem.According in discovery list records, prioritizing selection superior node is agent node to node d4, if there is multiple nodes
All meet condition, then select a good node of signal quality to be agent node.In Fig. 10, node d4 can select c3 node
Forward as agent node and send packet.
Embodiment 2
It is as follows that process is realized in the preservation design of routing table:
In plc system, each equipment, for complete documentation routing iinformation, is initially used for preserving the route section of nodal information
Point data structure (referred to as: t_nodestruct), this structure includes the father node pointer of this node, and points to next height
The pointer of node, this structure is expressed as using standard c language:
Wherein each child node is then managed using single linked list mode, and each child node adopts child node data structure
(referred to as: t_Childstruct) preserve, this structure saves the next next one child node at the same level of sensing, this structure is adopted
It is expressed as with standard c language:
In order in plc system, each equipment effectively communicates, then save complete setting in each equipment
Routing table between standby, as shown in figure 11.
Described central authorities control the coordinator cco routing iinformation complete by preserving whole plc system.
Miscellaneous equipment only preserves the node routing information of below this node, does not preserve the route of the above father node of this node
Information.Such as node b2 in Fig. 1 only saves the node identification (referred to as: tei) of node b1, does not preserve node b1 and node
Any routing iinformation of a.
Miscellaneous equipment also needs to preserve the tei value of father node, is specifically saved in the parenttei member of structure, and
Grade residing for this equipment, is specifically saved in the stage member of structure.
During described nodal information preserves, each node only only one of which father node.
Datanode pointer in each child node, points to the particular content of this child node.In Figure 11, face under node a
In node b2 structure, datanode will point to b2 node.
It is as follows that automatic network-building realizes process:
Plc networking incipient stage although all of plc equipment has been all connected on plc network, but all nodes
The route information table of equipment is all empty.In plc system, plc equipment is using classification networking mode, so start networking is all the time
From the beginning of central control node, then classification carries out networking.After central control node networking completes, proceed by first order group
Net, the first order proceeds by the second level after completing, and does not have next stage equipment or reached maximum level in network
Other 15 grades of requirement.Here first introduce the group network process of central control node in plc system, specifically as shown in figure 12.
Step 1: after electricity on central control node, first listen to nearby whether there is plc sub-network, main monitoring is other
The central beacon content of sub-network.If listening to the central beacon of other sub-networks, this cco will initiate interframe and coordinate
Journey, that is, send interframe and coordinate frame to other sub-networks, to obtain the transfer resource that can use.As Figure 12 step 1.
Step 2: the transfer resource that central control node obtains according to coordination, central authorities' letter is sent on specified transfer resource
Mark.This csma and tdma resource that plc network can use is given in this central beacon.Now, if other node
Equipment (referred to as: sta) without receiving central beacon, then periodically scans for, till searching central beacon.As
Figure 12 step 2.
Step 3: node device searches after central beacon message, selects an association request random number, assembling
Association request message in plc system, sends association request message in the csma region that central beacon provides, then waits
The reply of cco confirms.As step 4 in Figure 12.
Step 4: central controller cco completes to start shooting after upper electricity, waits the sta equipment of one-level to send association request report
Literary composition, if receiving the association request message from node device sta, cco checks whether this node is legal.If illegal save
Point, then directly abandon.If legitimate node, then cco will reply association confirmation message.Comprising to come auto correlation in this message please
Seek the association request random number in message, and record a child node sending the node of association request message for cco.As figure
Step 5 in 12.
The association confirmation message that cco sends, all node devices in one-level can receive association confirmation message,
Each sends the node device of association request, and the association in parsing association confirmation message is confirmed random number and mac address.If
With mating then it is assumed that being that cco confirms to the association request of this node of this node.
After the start of step 5:cco sends central beacon, the association request message follow-up by starting timer monitor, wait
Node device sends association request, receives the cco of association request, after replying association confirmation message, restarts this intervalometer.
If this timer expiry, show that first nodes networking completes.
In electric initial group network process on plc, the group network process illustrating first nodes presented hereinbefore, in plc system,
15 grades of networking at most can be supported.It is explained below the present invention is how to realize the networking of multistage upper electricity.
According to plc system network architecture, less than two grades of nodes at different levels, carry out interacting message and all need with cco if necessary
Will be through superior node equipment.As shown in figure 13, in this embodiment it is assumed that the even higher level of node that sta equipment is new sta equipment sets
Standby.Concrete operations flow process is as follows:
After central control node completes start networking, then central control node has been obtained for the direct phase with cco
The even facility information of node, and be saved in the route beacon table in cco equipment.
Central control node checks the route information table of cco equipment, takes out first that cco route cco in beacon first
Child node is it is assumed that this node is sta1.In central beacon, request sta1 sends discovery letter on specified transfer resource to cco
Mark.As step 2 in 13.
Sta1 periodic receipt is derived from cco central authorities beacon, if cco requires this sta1 node to send finds beacon,
Sta1 node sends discovery beacon, step 2 in such as Figure 13 on the transfer resource that central beacon is specified.
New sta node, after electricity in start, is not stopped the central beacon around searching for, agent beacon or is found beacon,
In this embodiment, if new sta equipment searches the discovery beacon from sta1, initiate association request process.
Detailed process, after new sta receives discovery beacon, assembling association request message, to cco, wraps in this association request
Include the tei value (abbreviation locum pco) sending the sta1 finding beacon.Sta1 receives the pass from new sta node device
Connection request, if indicating is due to receiving this section point discovery beacon, forwarding association request to even higher level of node.Same principle,
The mac address including new sta node and one-level association request random number is needed in association request message.
Cco receives the association request message of the new sta node from far-end, first checks for legitimacy, i.e. abbreviation mac address
Whether in white list.If illegal association request message, cco will directly abandon, if legitimate node, then cco is new
Sta node distribution tei, and it is sent to new sta node by associating confirmation message, comprise interim in this association confirmation message
Act on behalf of the tei value of pco.
Between cco and new sta node, other nodes receive association confirmation message, whether check locum's pco node
It is in this subtree.If present in the subtree of this node, then forwarding this association confirmation message, association is not otherwise forwarded to confirm
Message.
Have been sent from the new sta node of association request message, by the data block on foldback circuit.If received from agency
The association confirmation message sending, and mac address therein with associate confirm random number identical with this node then it is assumed that this association
Confirmation message is that cco responds to the request of this node, and this nodes records father node is locum's pco node.As walked in Figure 13
Rapid 6.
Cco is the sta1 node distribution agent beacon time in central beacon, and sta1 node receives the generation specified from cco
After reason beacon times, send agent beacon.As step 7 in Figure 13.
Cco often sends an association confirmation message, then start intervalometer, waits other sta to send association request message.As
Really this timer expiry, then cco complete the group network process of a child node, cco is by all for poll child nodes, all child nodes
Networking all completes, then plc system completes the group network process of this grade.
Group network process after complete description plc system starts power up above, includes on cco electric networking and at different levels
The group network process of node.It is similar to successively, cco control completes the second level, the third level, most 15 grades of group network process.
It is as follows that what new node networked realizes process:
Every time start networking require time for longer, but in practical application, during being also frequently present use, increase sta section
The scene of point, this will upset the routing iinformation that each device node original preserves, and needs to re-start routing and optimization.?
In this embodiment, as shown in figure 14, need during use to increase x node, and x node can receive from node b3, section
Point c4, the information of node d6.Specific as follows:
After plc system group network completes, if cco equipment, then periodically send central beacon.If acting on behalf of pco
Equipment, then periodically send agent beacon.If general sta equipment, then the requirement according to cco sends and finds beacon.As figure
Step 1 in 15.
After new sta device power-up in this, if having received cco and sending central beacon, acting on behalf of the agent beacon of pco
And sta sends and finds beacon., then new sta equipment prioritizing selection central controller cco, secondly select to act on behalf of pco, finally select
Select and send the locum pco that the sta equipment finding beacon sends association request as new sta equipment.If same excellent
There is multiple equipment, then the preferable equipment of prioritizing selection snr is as locum pco in first level.As step 2 in Figure 15.
New sta equipment sends association request message, waits cco to reply association confirmation message.As step 3,4 in Figure 15.Tool
Body processes identical with start networking.
It is as follows that what malfunctioning node removed realizes process:
It is inseparable that plc system can smoothly complete data transfer and each node, enters between distant-end node and cco
Row message interaction, may be through the forwarding of multiple sta equipment.If in whole plc system, removing sta equipment or sta
Equipment work is abnormal, not only affects this node normal work, also can affect the work of other nodes, so in plc networking
During, need to realize node to remove process.In Figure 16, if node c4 removes or breaks down, then will have influence on
Node b2, node d4, node d5 and node d6.In node c4 normal work, c4 node is node d4, node d5 and section
The father node of point d6.In actual applications, cco not only have recorded routing iinformation in addition it is also necessary to collecting path information, that is, in cco
Save node c3 and node d4 path, node d4 and node d5 path and node d5 and node d6 path.Realize when
Wait, node removes process and is segmented into two parts, be to find that node has been removed first, next to that modification plc system sets
Standby route information process.Specific as follows:
In plc system, each node receives after the association of cco confirms, by the real-time number monitoring that surrounding devices send
According to, and parse the signal noise ratio (referred to as: snr) of tei therein and measurement signal, it is saved in this node and find in list.
As step 1 in Figure 17, wherein distant-end node, that is, there is no the equipment of child node, start the intervalometer of a cycle, work as intervalometer
When overtime, send and find list message to its father node.Include sta in finding list message and detect all sta
Device identification.
After the father node of sta node receives discovery list message, it is reassembled into heartbeat message and sends out toward even higher level of node
Send.If the heartbeat message in pco node only includes the discovery list message of sta, then pco node can increase pco's
Find list to heartbeat message.In the present invention, each heartbeat message can report discovery message and the pco of a sta equipment
The discovery message of node.
Central control node cco receives heartbeat messages at different levels from below, records the discovery list of each node.Central authorities
Control node cco, detects whether all nodes have node to be removed.It is removed if there are node, then cco will organize road construction again
By information.As step 3 and 4 in Figure 17.
For example such as in Figure 16, because node c4 there occurs fault or is removed, so central control node cco will change
The agent content of c3 agent node, increased the child node that node d4 is node c3.
Central control node sends agency's change request message to acting on behalf of pco node, wraps in agency's change request message
The tei value of agent node pco, and the tei value of all child nodes of pco are included.In central control node cco and agent node
Through all of node between pco, all will change routing table information, and forward agency's change message data block.
For example in Figure 16, when cco sends agency's change request message to node c3, then node b1 forwards agency
When change request message, equally have modified the routing iinformation in node b2.
It is to act on behalf of pco node that this agency changes the last node forwarding of message, and that is, central control node cco sends generation
Reason change request message, after acting on behalf of pco forwarding agency's change request message, next stage node no longer forwards this agency to change
Request message.
In figure 16, node c3 receives the agency's change request from central control node cco, then node c3 changes oneself
Routing iinformation, node d4 is set to the child node of oneself, and forwards this agency change message.After node d4 receives, will
Node c3 is set to the father node of oneself.
As a same reason, central control node arranges the father node that node d4 is node d5, that is, node d4 is d5 node
Act on behalf of pco node；Setting node d5 be node d6 father node, that is, node d5 be d6 node act on behalf of pco node.?
During central control node cco sends agency's change request, the sta node of all processes is required for changing corresponding route
Information table.
After plc system electrification, carry out immediately organizing network process.After but networking completes, even if not increasing or moving
Except node, due to the conversion of communication line, or during start networking, the tree topology that central control node networking is formed
Structure is not necessarily optimization tree topology.As shown in figure 18, increased communication line between node b3 and d6, in section
There is communication line between point b3 and node c4, between node c3 and node d4, there is also communication line it is also possible to there is node
Between b2 and node c4, original communication line is already off, so in actual use, needs timing to carry out route information table
Optimization.
The routing table optimization of plc system is divided into two stages, be the collection of routing iinformation first, followed by routing iinformation
Optimize and re-configuration process, specific as follows:
After central control node cco completes start networking, in central beacon, pco broadcasts in agent beacon cco
Sta node periodically sends the cycle finding list message.To afterwards, sta node sends and finds list message to father intervalometer
Node, that is, the agent node pco of sta node.As step 1 in Figure 19.
Agent node pco receives sta node and finds list message, then be assembled into heartbeat message.If acting on behalf of pco node
Find that list did not report central control node cco, then increase the discovery list acting on behalf of pco node in heartbeat message, that is,
There is the discovery list of two nodes in heartbeat message.
During heartbeat message is sent to central control node cco, may forward through multiple pco, if pass through
Pco node needs to report the discovery list of oneself, then parse heartbeat message through node pco.If in this heartbeat message only
The discovery list information of only one of which chapters and sections, then can increase to the discovery list of oneself in heartbeat message through node pco.
Act on behalf of whether pco node adds the discovery list of oneself to heartbeat message, have two kinds of scenes.One kind is pco agency
Node did not report discovery list, and another kind is to act on behalf of pco node to find that the discovery list of oneself has occurred and that change.
Collect all sta nodes and the discovery list information acting on behalf of pco node in the central controller, in Figure 18
Routing infrastructure, in the central controller collector node can preserve as shown in figure 20.In this discovery list records information, do not have
Father node concept, only each node of itemized record can receive the information of which node.
Step 3: in plc system, route planning and control are completed by central controller, and central controller is from top to bottom
It is optimized process, that is, central controller optimizes the sta list of first nodes agency first, then optimize two-level node agency's
Sta list, to the last till one-level sta.As the step 3,4 in Figure 19.
Concrete optimization process is as follows:
The node definition direct-connected with central control node is first nodes.
For each node in first nodes, search for the storage information in Figure 20, count the son of all first nodes
Nodes.Set the most node of son node number first as acting on behalf of pco node, this node will be in addition to all sub- sections beyond father node
The agent node of point, then counts the son node number of all other first nodes, the most node of selected son node number is again
Act on behalf of pco node, this node will be in addition to the agent node of all child nodes beyond father node.The like, central authorities control section
All first nodes are processed.
The same manner successively, will process two-level node, three-level node, to the last one-level in central control node.Formed
One complete route information table.
The route information table being formed according to above step, will be optimum route information table.From the beginning of central control node,
Successively from the beginning of first nodes, node and the original route information table preserving are compared one by one.If the son section of a node
Point changes, then central control node uses agent update message, and reconfigure this node acts on behalf of child node.With one-level section
After point compares end, start two-level node, after two-level node terminates, continue three-level node, to the last first nodes are complete
Become.Send in agency's change request message in central control node, all nodes receiving agency's change request are required for updating
The routing iinformation of oneself.
Present invention also offers a kind of automatic networking device of tree structure network, this device be above-mentioned agent node or
End node, this device includes mesh information receiving unit, for receiving the mesh information of central controller and other device transmission；
Mesh information transmitting element, for, after the beacon message receiving central controller or other device transmission, sending association please
Seek information to central control node；Routing iinformation storage element, for storing the routing iinformation of this device, upper including this device
Level equipment, the node identification of subordinate equipment and signal quality.
A kind of automatic network-building system of tree structure network, this system includes central controller and automatic networking device, institute
State central controller and include mesh information transmitting element, for periodically sending beacon message when networking；Legitimacy detects
Unit, for receiving after the association request information that node sends, carries out validity checking to node；Node removes checklist
Whether unit, have nodes break down or be removed for checking in network.
Automatic networking device includes mesh information receiving unit, for receiving the group of central controller and other device transmission
Net information；Mesh information transmitting element, for, after the beacon message receiving central controller or other device transmission, sending
Association request information is to central control node；Routing iinformation storage element, for storing the routing iinformation of this device, including this dress
Higher level equipment, the node identification of subordinate equipment and the signal quality put.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention to be described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
In form and various changes are made to it, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range in details.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automatic network-building method of tree structure network it is characterised in that: the method specifically includes following steps:
S1: periodically send beacon message after electricity on central control node；
After s2: nodes receive the beacon message of central control node transmission, send association request information and control to central authorities
Node；
S3: central control node receives the association request information of node transmission, and association request information is processed, and checks and closes
Connection requesting node legitimacy, if legal, sends association confirmation to requesting node；If illegal, abandon association request
Information；Described association confirmation includes the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node.
2. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 1 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: described central authorities control
After electricity on node processed, wait other nodes to send association request, and start intervalometer；Central control node has processed each pass
After connection solicited message, all will restart this intervalometer；If this timer expiry, central control node does not continue to receive to associate asks
Seek information then it is assumed that first nodes networking completes.
3. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 2 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: described one-level section
After the completion of point networking, central control node request first nodes send beacon message and start intervalometer, carry out two-level node group
Net；
After the node of undone networking receives the beacon message that first nodes are sent, then set this first nodes as this node
Locum's node, and send association request information to described locum's node, described locum's node forwards this pass
Connection solicited message is to central control node；
Central control node receives the association request information that described locum's node forwards, at association request information
Reason, and check association request node legitimacy, if legal, send association confirmation to locum's node, locum
Node is forwarded to requesting node by associating confirmation；If illegal, abandon association request information；Described association confirmation
Include the node identification that central control node distributes for requesting node；
If timer expiry, central control node does not continue to receive association request information then it is assumed that two-level node networking is complete
Become, repeat this step, until all nodes all complete networking.
4. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 1 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: methods described is also
Including new node networking step, particularly as follows: after electricity on new node, whether there is other nodes around search, and select one
Locum's node as oneself；
New node sends association request information to described locum's node, and locum saves the association request information of new node
It is forwarded to central control node；
Central control node is processed to association request information, checks association request node legitimacy, if legal, send and closes
To locum's node, locum's node is forwarded to new node by associating confirmation to connection confirmation；If illegal,
Then abandon association request information；Described association confirmation includes the node mark that central control node distributes for new node
Know；If locum saves as central control node, directly association request information is processed；
New node receives association confirmation, and record central control node is the node identification of its distribution, completes to network.
5. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 4 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: described new node
When selecting locum's node, if there being central control node in the node searching, prioritizing selection central control node is made
For locum's node, if not having, select first nodes, two-level node successively as locum's node；If in same one-level
In, search multiple nodes, then the top-quality node of new node selection signal is as locum's node.
6. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 1 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: methods described is also
Remove step including node, particularly as follows: after described node receives association confirmation, then completing the networking of node, node is searched
The information that on rope transfer resource, other nodes send, the content in parsing information, the node identification record of information node will be sent
In the discovery list of node, measurement simultaneously receives the signal quality of information；If this node is within continuous two discovery cycles
Do not receive a certain nodal information in discovery list, then this node is deleted from discovery list；Described node includes end segment
Point and agent node；
End node reception, to after association confirmation, starts supervision timer, periodically sends and finds that list information is extremely acted on behalf of
Node, is then transmit to central control node, if end node is first nodes, is sent directly to central control node；
Agent node receives end segment point discovery list information, checks this node the need of the discovery list reporting agent node
Information is to central control node, if agent node had reported the discovery list of oneself, and the discovery list of this node does not have
Change, then do not need to report the discovery list information of this node to central control node, then agent node is by end node
Discovery list information be reassembled into heartbeat message toward even higher level of node send；Otherwise, agent node is by the discovery of this node
List information is also assembled in heartbeat message, sends to even higher level of node；
Central control node collects the discovery list information of all nodes, has detected whether nodes break down or has been removed,
If there are node not in the discovery list information of all nodes, judging this nodes break down or being removed, central authorities
Control node removes this node in routing iinformation.
7. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 6 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: described central authorities control
Node processed finds there is nodes break down or is removed, then central control node carries out agent update configuration repair way again
By central control node sends agency's change solicited message to the agent node removing node, then for removing the son section of node
Point reassigns agent node.
8. a kind of tree structure network according to claim 1 automatic network-building method it is characterised in that: methods described is also
Including routing optimality step, particularly as follows: after the completion of described node networking, periodic harvest is derived from each and saves by central control node
The discovery list information of point, and be saved in the routing iinformation of central control node；
Central control node routing optimality starts from first nodes it is assumed that each node first nodes is agent node,
That then lists each first nodes communicates node, communicates the most first nodes of nodes and is defined as new agent node, with it
The node communicating is all the child node of this node, have determined as in this process central control node, agent node or
The child node of agent node is not being listed in wherein, each node only one of which father node；After first nodes complete, same principle
Carry out two-level node networking optimization again, to the last first nodes；
Central control node, according to finding list information, is reassembled into a complete optimization routing table, and now central authorities control section
Optimization routing table and original routing table are compared by point, are compared one by one with each node in first nodes, then two grades
Node, three-level node to the last first nodes, if the child node of contrast node changes, central control node sends
Agency's change solicited message, to this node, changes its child node route information；
Central control node sends agency's change solicited message, and the intermediate node of all processes, all according to agency's change request letter
The child node information of the more new node in breath, changes the routing iinformation of this intermediate node.
9. a kind of automatic networking device of tree structure network it is characterised in that: described device includes mesh information receiving unit,
For receiving the mesh information of central controller and other device transmission；
Mesh information transmitting element, for, after the beacon message receiving central controller or other device transmission, sending and closing
Connection solicited message is to central control node；
Routing iinformation storage element, for storing the routing iinformation of this device, including the higher level equipment of this device, subordinate equipment
Node identification and signal quality.
10. a kind of automatic network-building system of tree structure network it is characterised in that: this system includes central controller and automatic group
Net device, described central controller includes mesh information transmitting element, for periodically sending beacon message when networking；
Legitimacy detector unit, for receiving after the association request information that node sends, carries out validity checking to node；
Node removes inspection unit, whether has nodes break down or is removed for checking in network；
Described automatic networking device includes mesh information receiving unit, for receiving the group of central controller and other device transmission
Net information；
Mesh information transmitting element, for, after the beacon message receiving central controller or other device transmission, sending and closing
Connection solicited message is to central control node；
Routing iinformation storage element, for storing the routing iinformation of this device, including the higher level equipment of this device, subordinate equipment
Node identification and signal quality.
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