CN112701393A

CN112701393A - Battery module and have its vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112701393A
Application number: CN202011592730.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹永强; 何鑫; 刘崇威; 李岩; 李树会; 单红艳
Original assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN112701393B; WO2022143131A1

Abstract

The application discloses battery module and vehicle that has it, battery module includes: a housing; the battery comprises a plurality of battery cores which are all arranged in a shell, and the upper surface of each battery core is provided with an explosion-proof valve; the isolation plate is arranged above the shell, and the area of the isolation plate, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is formed into a weakening area which is suitable for being flushed away by the gas and fire flow sprayed out of the explosion-proof valve so as to discharge the gas and fire flow out of the battery core; and the isolation cover is covered on the shell, and the isolation cover and the isolation plate are spaced in the up-down direction to define a discharge channel, and the discharge channel is suitable for discharging the gas fire flow. From this, not only can prolong thermal runaway's speed of stretching between the battery module, extension passenger's break away from time and rescue personnel's rescue time, can avoid moreover in the battery module to step up fast (promptly discharge gas fire and flow), reduce the damage degree of battery module, avoid the battery module to catch fire or explode to improve the safety in utilization of battery module.

Description

Battery module and have its vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a battery module and a vehicle with the same.

Background

In the correlation technique, install firebreak devices such as mica plate additional between battery module and the battery package box (upper cover), battery module does not have special protection all around, in case the module takes place the thermal runaway, spun flame can get into adjacent battery module from the top of neighbouring battery module and the battery module has one side of end plate, causes the chain reaction of a plurality of battery module thermal runaway, singly use the mica plate can only delay the speed that the flame broke through battery package box outdiffusion, but can't prevent stretching of thermal runaway between battery module.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery module, which can perform isolation protection on the battery module, prolong the thermal runaway propagation speed between a plurality of battery modules, and prevent the battery modules from being ignited and exploded.

The application further provides a vehicle that adopts above-mentioned battery module.

The battery module for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: a housing; the battery comprises a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of battery cells and a plurality of anti-explosion valves, wherein the battery cells are arranged in the shell, and the upper surface of each battery cell is provided with the anti-explosion valve; the isolation plate is arranged above the shell, and the area of the isolation plate, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is formed into a weakening area which is suitable for being flushed away by the gas and fire flow ejected by the explosion-proof valve so as to discharge the gas and fire flow out of the battery cell; the isolation cover covers the shell, and the isolation cover and the isolation plate are spaced in the vertical direction to define a discharge channel, and the discharge channel is suitable for discharging the gas and fire flow.

According to the battery module of this application embodiment, through setting up division board and cage, make electric core combustion gas stream can keep apart through the division board, in order to avoid or reduce the influence of gas stream not taking place thermal runaway's electric core to the battery module, can separate battery module and battery module on every side through the cage, avoid or reduce the influence of gas stream to battery module on every side, not only can prolong the speed of stretching of thermal runaway between the battery module, extension passenger's break-away time and rescue time of rescue personnel, and can avoid stepping up fast in the battery module (promptly discharge gas stream of fire promptly), reduce the damage degree of battery module, avoid the battery module to catch fire or explode, in order to improve the safety in utilization of battery module.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the shield case has a discharge port communicating with the discharge passage, the discharge port being formed on a side of the shield case opposite to an end plate of the housing.

In some embodiments, the side of the isolation cover opposite to the end plate is provided with a mounting hole for fixing with the end plate.

Furthermore, one side face of the isolation cover opposite to the end plate is provided with the discharge port, and the other side face is provided with an electric plug-in port.

Furthermore, an outlet protective curtain is arranged on the outlet, and an electrical protective curtain is arranged on the electrical interface.

In some embodiments, the battery module further includes: a spacer block located at an end of the isolation plate remote from the exhaust port and configured to space the electrical interface from the exhaust channel.

Further, the outline shape of the weakening area is consistent with the outline shape of the explosion-proof valve.

In some embodiments, further comprising: the explosion-proof valve is arranged above the battery cell body; the yunnan electricity core includes: the explosion-proof valve comprises a battery cell body and a battery cell shell, wherein an open hole is formed in the bottom of the battery cell shell and sleeved outside the battery cell body, and an explosion discharging hole for installing the explosion-proof valve is formed in the top of the battery cell shell.

Further, the pressure threshold is 1Mpa-1.2 Mpa.

According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, comprising: the battery module described in the above embodiments.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application (a separator is not shown);

fig. 2 is another schematic view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a separation cap of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

the battery module 100 is provided with a battery case,

a housing 10, side plates 11, end plates 12, an upper plate 13,

a battery cell 20, a battery cell body 21, a battery cell casing 22,

the separation plate 30, the weakened section 31,

the number of the wiring boards 40 is such that,

a shield 50, a discharge port 51, a mounting hole 52, an electrical jack 53,

cushion block 60, discharge port protective curtain 70 and explosion-proof valve 80.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A battery module 100 and a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a battery module 100 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application includes: the battery comprises a shell 10, a battery core 20, a separation plate 30 and a separation cover 50.

A plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in the casing 10, and an explosion-proof valve 80 is arranged on the upper surface of each battery cell 20; the partition plate 30 is disposed above the casing 10, and an area of the partition plate 30 facing the explosion-proof valve 80 is formed as a weakened area 31, the weakened area 31 being adapted to be blown open by the stream of gas and fire ejected through the explosion-proof valve 80 to discharge the stream of gas and fire out of the battery cell 20; the shielding shell 50 is housed on the casing 10, and the shielding shell 50 is spaced apart from the partition plate 30 in the up-down direction to define a discharge passage adapted to discharge the stream of the gas fire.

Specifically, the housing 10 defines a receiving space, a plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in the housing 10 in an array, adjacent battery cells 20 are electrically connected through a wiring board 40, a partition plate 30 is further arranged above the housing 10, and an area right opposite to the partition plate 30 and the explosion-proof valve 80 is formed into a weakening area 31, when one or more battery cells 20 in the battery module 100 are out of thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 80 on the battery cell 20 is opened, the gas and fire flow generated in the battery cell 20 is ejected out to firstly flush the housing 10, and then the weakening area 31 is acted, and the weakening area 31 is flushed to discharge the battery module 100.

It can be understood that the weakening area 31 is not a through hole, and it can separate the electric core 20 without thermal runaway from the ejected gas-fire current, prolong the spreading speed of the thermal runaway between a plurality of electric cores 20 in the battery module 100, avoid or reduce the influence of other electric cores 20 around the electric core 20 generating the thermal runaway, and realize the individual isolation protection for each electric core 20.

Furthermore, the isolation cover 50 is covered outside the casing 10, and an exhaust channel is defined between the isolation cover 50 and the isolation plate 30, so that the fire current exhausted through the weakening area 31 is exhausted in a drainage manner through the exhaust channel, and thus the directional exhaust of the fire current generated by the thermal runaway cell 20 is realized.

It should be noted that, the isolation cover 50 covers the circumference of the housing, so that the battery module 100 adjacent to the lateral side or the end of the battery module 100 adjacent to the exhaust flame flow can be prevented from burning, the spreading speed of the thermal runaway between the battery modules 100 can be prolonged, the internal part of the battery module 100 can be prevented from being rapidly pressurized, the battery module 100 can be prevented from being ignited or exploded, and the safety of the battery module 100 can be improved.

According to battery module 100 of the embodiment of the application, through setting up division board 30 and cage 50, make electric core 20 combustion gas stream can keep apart through division board 30, in order to avoid or reduce the influence that the thermal runaway's electric core 20 does not take place to battery module 100 of gas combustion gas stream, can separate battery module 100 and battery module 100 on every side through cage 50, avoid or reduce the influence that the gas combustion gas stream flows battery module 100 on every side, not only can prolong the speed of stretching of thermal runaway between battery module 100, the time of breaking away from of extension passenger and rescuer's rescue time, and can avoid stepping up fast in the battery module 100 (promptly discharge gas combustion gas stream promptly), reduce battery module 100's damage degree, avoid battery module 100 to catch fire or explode, in order to improve battery module 100's safety in utilization.

It should be noted that the gas-fire flow is a mixture of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and liquid ejected after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20.

As shown in fig. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the shielding cover 50 is configured as an integrally molded piece, and the shielding cover 50 has a discharge port 51 communicating with the discharge passage, the discharge port 51 being formed on a side of the shielding cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12.

That is to say, the gas and fire flow guided through the discharge channel can be discharged through the discharge port 51 located on the side of the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12, and the end plates 12 on the same side of the plurality of battery modules 100 are arranged at intervals in the length direction or the width direction of the battery pack, so that the probability that the other battery modules 100 are fired due to the gas and fire flow discharged through the discharge port 51 is lower, the isolation protection effect of the isolation cover 50 can be further improved, and the use safety of the battery modules 100 can be effectively improved.

It should be noted that the outlet 51 of the embodiment of the present application may be formed on both sides of the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12, or only one of the two sides, and those skilled in the art can flexibly set the outlet according to actual situations, but all belong to the technical solutions claimed in the present application.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the cage 50 is provided with a drain opening 51 on one side opposite the end plate 12 and an electrical socket 52 on the other side. That is, in an embodiment of the present application, the discharge port 51 is formed on one side surface, the electrical connection port 53 is formed on the other side surface, and the electrical connection port 53 is used for electrically connecting with the surrounding battery module 100 and other electrical components, so that not only the electrical connection between the battery module 100 and the surrounding electrical components and the battery module 100 in the present application is simpler and more convenient, but also the discharge port 51 and the electrical connection port 53 are located on two side surfaces of the isolation cover 50, which can prevent the gas and fire from being discharged through the electrical connection port 53, so as to prevent the surrounding electrical components from being ignited, and further improve the safety of the battery module 100.

It is understood that in some embodiments, the outlet 51 is provided with an outlet protective curtain 70, the housing 10 in the shielding case 50 can be separated from the outside by the outlet protective curtain 70, and the electrical socket 53 is provided with an electrical protective curtain (not shown), so that the fire area of the housing 10 inside the battery module 100 is reduced by the outlet protective curtain 70 and the electrical protective curtain, and the isolation protection effect is further improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a mounting hole 52 for fixing to the end plate 12 is provided on the side of the shield 50 opposite to the end plate 12.

Wherein, battery module 100's casing 10 has two end plates 12, all is provided with mounting hole 52 on the cage 50 and two sides that two end plates 12 are just right, and the number of the mounting hole 52 that corresponds on every side is at least two, fixes cage 50 on end plate 12 through the fastener that wears to locate mounting hole 52, can avoid cage 50 relative casing 10 to appear the drunkenness to make discharge passage maintain stably, ensure that the gas fire flows and can discharge via discharge port 51, in order to improve the guard effect.

In the specific embodiment shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the battery module 100 further includes: a spacer 60, the spacer 60 being located at an end of the partition 30 remote from the outlet 51 and serving to space the electrical socket 53 from the outlet channel.

Specifically, the length of the isolation plate 30 is the same as that of the isolation cover 50, and then the end of the isolation cover 50 provided with the battery plug socket is provided with the cushion block 60, the cushion block 60 is in a strip structure, the upper side surface of the cushion block 60 is attached to the isolation cover 50, the lower side surface of the cushion block 60 is attached to the upper surface of the isolation plate 30, so that the electrical plug socket 53 is spaced from the discharge channel, the isolation effect is further improved, it is ensured that the gas and fire flow can not act on the electrical plug socket 53, and the use safety of the battery module 100 is effectively improved.

As shown in fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present application, the housing 10 includes: curb plate 11, end plate 12 and upper plate 13, upper plate 13 are located between division board 30 and the electric core 20, and division board 30 and the laminating setting of upper plate 13.

Particularly, curb plate 11, end plate 12 and upper plate 13 inject accommodation space, electricity core 20 sets up in accommodation space, upper plate 13 with give the setting of division board 30 laminating, can directly be used to the weak area 31 after rushing away casing 10 with the gas fire stream that ensures that electricity core 20 produced, avoid having the clearance between division board 30 and the casing 10, use other electricity cores 20 by the clearance in order to avoid gas fire stream to play at the discharge process, improve battery module 100's structural rationality, prolong the speed of stretching of 20 thermal runaway gold of electricity core effectively, improve battery module 100's safety in utilization.

It can be understood that the slower the spreading speed is, the more sufficient the escape time corresponding to the occupant and the rescue time corresponding to the rescuer are after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 occurs.

Preferably, the contour of the weakened area 31 conforms to the contour of the explosion-proof valve 80. In this way, in the process of discharging the gas fire flow, the area of the open opening formed after the weakening area 31 is flushed is ensured to be consistent with the cross-sectional area of the explosion-proof valve 80, so that the gas fire flow discharging efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, a gap is prevented from being formed between the upper plate 13 of the shell 10 and the flushed weakening area 31, so that the isolation and protection effect of the isolation plate 30 on limitation is further improved.

In the specific embodiment shown in fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present application, further comprising: the explosion-proof valve 80, the explosion-proof valve 80 is arranged above the battery cell 20; the battery cell 20 comprises a battery cell body 21 and a battery cell casing 22, wherein the bottom of the battery cell casing 22 is provided with an open opening and is sleeved on the battery cell body 21, and the top of the battery cell casing 22 is provided with an explosion vent for installing an explosion-proof valve 80.

The explosion-proof valve 80 is located above the battery cell body 21, the bottom of the battery cell casing 22 has an open opening and is sleeved on the battery cell body 21, and the top of the battery cell casing 22 has an explosion vent avoiding the explosion-proof valve 80.

Specifically, electric core body 21 includes a plurality of battery cells or constructs to roll up the core structure, explosion-proof valve 80 sets up the top at electric core body 21, and explosion-proof valve 80 and electric core body 21 all stretch into in the open integral type electric core shell 22 in bottom, the hole of exploding of arranging on electric core shell 22's the top surface is used for dodging explosion-proof valve 80, with after explosion-proof valve 80 opens, can ensure that electric core shell 22 injects place the space of electric core body 21 and external intercommunication, thereby when electric core body 21 produces thermal runaway, can ensure that the gas fire stream that electric core body 21 produced can discharge outside electric core shell 22 through the explosion-proof valve 80 who opens, realize electric core 20's the directional explosion of thermal runaway.

It should be noted that, the core case 22 is constructed as an integral molding member, and only the bottom is open, so that a good isolation effect is achieved, the isolation effect between the plurality of battery cells 20 in the battery module 100 can be improved, and the influence of thermal runaway on the surrounding battery cells 20 is further reduced.

Wherein the profile of the explosion vent is greater than the profile of the explosion-proof valve 80. Therefore, the assembly among the battery cell body 21, the battery cell shell 22 and the explosion-proof valve 80 is simpler and more convenient.

It will be appreciated that according to some embodiments of the present application, the insulation panel 30 is provided with a plurality of grooves, each groove being formed as a weakened area 31, and that the insulation panel 30 as well as the insulation cover 50 are both constructed as a flame retardant composite.

Therefore, on one hand, the isolation plate 30 is constructed as a flame-retardant composite part, and has a stable flame-retardant effect, so that the isolation protection of the isolation plate 30 on the battery cell 20 is more stable and reliable; on the other hand, the weakening area 31 is formed as a groove, so that the structure of the isolation plate 30 is simpler on the premise that the isolation plate 30 is simpler and more convenient to process.

When the pressure of the stream of the flame ejected from the explosion-proof valve 80 exceeds the pressure threshold value, the attenuation region 31 is opened by the stream of the flame. For example, in some embodiments, the pressure threshold is 1MPa to 1.2 MPa. Like this, can ensure that the pressure that subtracts weak area 31 bore is washed away after reaching pressure threshold value, makes pressure threshold value more reasonable, under the prerequisite that improves the isolation effect of division board 30, makes the row of battery module 100 explode response speed faster, can in time open subtract weak area 31 in order to discharge high-pressure gas fire and flow fast, avoids battery module 100 to appear damage to bigger degree.

According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, comprising: the battery module 100 in the above embodiment.

According to the vehicle of this application embodiment, adopt the battery module 100 in above-mentioned embodiment, prolong the speed that stretchs of thermal runaway between battery module 100, between electric core 20 to pressure can't in time be discharged when avoiding battery module 100 thermal runaway, in order to improve the security of vehicle.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features being in contact with each other not directly but through another feature therebetween.

In the description of the invention, "above", "over" and "above" a first feature in a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery module (100) for a vehicle, characterized by comprising:

a housing (10);

the battery comprises a plurality of battery cores (20), wherein the battery cores (20) are arranged in the shell (10), and the upper surface of each battery core (20) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (80);

a partition plate (30), wherein the partition plate (30) is arranged above the shell (10), and the area of the partition plate (30) opposite to the explosion-proof valve (80) is formed into a weakening area (31), and the weakening area (31) is suitable for being flushed away by the gas-fire flow ejected by the explosion-proof valve (80) to discharge the gas-fire flow out of the battery core (20);

a shield (50), the shield (50) being disposed over the housing (10), and the shield (50) being spaced apart from the partition plate (30) in an up-down direction to define a discharge passage adapted to discharge the stream of gas fire.

2. The battery module (100) for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the separator cover (50) has a discharge port (51) communicating with the discharge passage, the discharge port (51) being formed on a side of the separator cover (50) opposite to an end plate (12) of the case (10).

3. The battery module (100) for the vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a mounting hole (52) for fixing with the end plate (12) is provided on a side of the insulating cover (50) opposite to the end plate (12).

4. The battery module (100) for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the side of the separator housing (50) opposite to the end plate (12) is provided with the discharge port (51), and the other side is provided with an electrical connection port (53).

5. The battery module (100) for the vehicle according to claim 4, wherein an outlet protective curtain (70) is provided on the outlet (51), and an electrical protective curtain is provided on the electrical outlet (53).

6. The battery module (100) for a vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising: a spacer block (60), the spacer block (60) being located at an end of the partition plate (30) remote from the discharge opening (51) and serving to space the electrical socket (53) from the discharge channel.

7. The battery module (100) for the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a contour shape of the weakened area (31) coincides with a contour shape of the explosion-proof valve (80).

8. The battery module (100) for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising an explosion-proof valve (80), the explosion-proof valve (80) being disposed above the battery cell (20); the battery cell (20) comprises a battery cell body (21) and a battery cell shell (22), the bottom of the battery cell shell (22) is provided with an open opening and sleeved on the battery cell body (21), and the top of the battery cell shell (22) is provided with an explosion venting hole for installing the explosion-proof valve (80).

9. The battery module (100) for the vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the pressure threshold is 1Mpa-1.2 Mpa.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: the battery module (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.