CN220544156U

CN220544156U - Explosion-proof structure of battery and battery package

Info

Publication number: CN220544156U
Application number: CN202321878347.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈建国; 刘峰; 陈保国; 彭月猛; 刘斌
Original assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-17
Filing date: 2023-07-17
Publication date: 2024-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power batteries, and discloses a battery explosion-proof structure and a battery pack. The battery explosion-proof structure comprises a battery box body, a first heat insulation plate and a channel shell assembly, wherein the battery box body is provided with a battery compartment, and a plurality of battery cores are arranged in the battery compartment at intervals along a first direction; the bottom plate of the battery box body is positioned below the battery core, a plurality of first flow holes are formed in the bottom plate at intervals, the first flow holes correspond to the battery explosion-proof valves one by one, and the first flow holes are opposite to the battery explosion-proof valves; the blocking parts of the first heat insulating plate are connected to the heat insulating plate main body through blocking parts, the blocking parts correspond to the first flow holes one by one, one end, far away from the battery explosion-proof valve, of the first flow holes is blocked by the blocking parts, and gas generated by the battery explosion-proof valve can impact the blocking parts so as to break the blocking parts; the side wall of the channel shell assembly is provided with a battery pack explosion-proof valve, a gas channel is formed between the channel shell assembly and the battery box body, and the battery pack explosion-proof valve and the plugging part are both positioned in the gas channel.

Description

Explosion-proof structure of battery and battery package

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a battery explosion-proof structure and a battery pack.

Background

With the development of new energy automobile industry, the market share of electric automobiles is higher and higher, and the safety is a main problem at present. At present, the spontaneous combustion phenomenon of the electric vehicle frequently occurs in the market, and the spontaneous combustion of the whole vehicle is caused in part because individual battery cells are unstable to generate thermal runaway and the system level can not effectively inhibit the thermal spread.

In the prior art, a plurality of electric cores are included in a battery pack of the power battery, and a structure for preventing heat spreading is not arranged between the electric cores, when one electric core fails, high-pressure high-temperature gas generated by the failed electric core impacts the adjacent non-failed electric core, so that the non-failed electric core is damaged, the damage degree is increased, and meanwhile, the risk of thermal runaway is increased.

Based on this, there is a need for a battery explosion-proof structure and a battery pack to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, the utility model aims to provide a battery explosion-proof structure and a battery pack, which can reduce the damage degree of the battery pack, improve the safety performance of the battery pack and reduce the risk of thermal runaway.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, there is provided a battery explosion-proof structure comprising:

the battery box body is provided with a battery compartment, a plurality of battery cores are arranged in the battery compartment at intervals along a first direction, and a battery explosion-proof valve is arranged at the bottom of each battery core;

the battery box body comprises a bottom plate, the bottom plate is positioned below the battery core, a plurality of first flow holes are formed in the bottom plate at intervals, the first flow holes correspond to the battery explosion-proof valves one by one, and the first flow holes are opposite to the battery explosion-proof valves;

the first heat insulation plate comprises a heat insulation plate main body, a plurality of blocking parts and a plurality of blocking parts, wherein the blocking parts are connected to the heat insulation plate main body through the blocking parts, the blocking parts are in one-to-one correspondence with the first flow holes, the blocking parts block one end of the first flow holes, which is far away from the battery explosion-proof valve, and gas generated by the battery explosion-proof valve can impact the blocking parts so as to fracture the blocking parts;

the battery pack explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side wall of the channel shell assembly, a gas channel is formed between the channel shell assembly and the battery box body, and the battery pack explosion-proof valve and the plugging portions are all located in the gas channel.

As a preferred technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, one side, far away from the battery cell, of the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of grid baffle plates, and two sides, along a first direction, of any one of the first flow holes are provided with the grid baffle plates.

As a preferred technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, the first heat insulation plate is provided with an avoidance hole, and the avoidance hole is used for avoiding the check separation blade.

As a preferred technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, the battery explosion-proof structure further comprises a plurality of second heat insulation plates, and the second heat insulation plates are arranged on two sides of any battery cell.

As a preferred technical scheme of battery explosion-proof structure, passageway casing subassembly includes end backplate, end backplate cladding in the bottom plate, end backplate is located the below of first heat insulating board, just end backplate with be provided with the gas chamber between the first heat insulating board, the gas passageway communicate in the gas chamber.

As a preferred technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, the channel shell assembly further comprises a third heat insulation plate, and the third heat insulation plate is attached to one side, facing the first heat insulation plate, of the bottom guard plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, a sealing ring is arranged between the bottom guard plate and the bottom plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the battery explosion-proof structure, the first heat insulation plate, the second heat insulation plate and the third heat insulation plate are made of mica plates, ceramic or silica gel pads.

As a preferred technical solution of the battery explosion-proof structure, the heat insulating plate body is bonded to the bottom plate.

In another aspect, a battery pack is provided, including the battery explosion-proof structure of any one of the above aspects.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model provides a battery explosion-proof structure and a battery pack, when a battery cell fails, a battery explosion-proof valve of the failed battery cell sprays high-pressure high-temperature gas, and the gas impacts a blocking part of a first heat insulation plate through a first flow hole to break the blocking part, so that the first flow hole is in an unblocked state, the gas can enter a gas channel, and finally, the gas is discharged through the battery pack explosion-proof valve, and the explosion protection of the battery cell is realized. Moreover, when gas enters the gas channel, the first flow holes corresponding to other non-fault cells are blocked by the first heat insulation plate, so that the gas of the fault cell cannot influence the non-fault cell, and compared with the prior art, the utility model reduces the damage degree of the battery pack, improves the safety performance of the battery pack and reduces the risk of thermal runaway.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present utility model and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is one of exploded views of a structure of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a second exploded view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery explosion-proof structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first heat shield according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

The figures are labeled as follows:

1. a battery case; 11. a bottom plate; 111. a first flow hole; 112. a grid baffle; 12. a battery compartment;

2. a battery cell; 21. a battery explosion-proof valve;

3. a first heat shield; 31. a heat shield body; 32. avoidance holes; 33. a blocking part; 34. a cutting part;

4. a channel housing assembly; 41. a battery pack explosion-proof valve; 42. a bottom guard board; 43. a side guard plate; 44. a gas channel; 45. a third heat shield; 46. a seal ring;

5. and a second heat insulating plate.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, as shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides a battery pack, which includes a battery explosion-proof structure including a battery box 1, a first heat insulation board 3 and a channel housing assembly 4, the battery box 1 is provided with a battery compartment 12, a plurality of battery cells 2 are arranged in the battery compartment 12 at intervals along a first direction, and a battery explosion-proof valve 21 is arranged at the bottom of the battery cells 2; the battery box body 1 comprises a bottom plate 11, the bottom plate 11 is positioned below the battery core 2, a plurality of first flow holes 111 are formed in the bottom plate 11 at intervals, the plurality of first flow holes 111 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery explosion-proof valves 21, and the first flow holes 111 are opposite to the battery explosion-proof valves 21; the first heat insulating plate 3 includes a heat insulating plate main body 31, a plurality of blocking portions 33 and a plurality of cutoff portions 34, the blocking portions 33 are connected to the heat insulating plate main body 31 through the cutoff portions 34, the plurality of blocking portions 33 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first flow holes 111, the blocking portions 33 block one end of the first flow holes 111 away from the battery explosion-proof valve 21, and gas generated by the battery explosion-proof valve 21 can impact the blocking portions 33 to fracture the cutoff portions 34; the channel shell assembly 4 is coated on the outer wall of the battery box body 1, a battery pack explosion-proof valve 41 is arranged on the side wall of the channel shell assembly 4, a gas channel 44 is formed between the channel shell assembly 4 and the battery box body 1, and the battery pack explosion-proof valve 41 and the plugging portions 33 are located in the gas channel 44.

When the battery cell 2 fails, the battery explosion-proof valve 21 of the failed battery cell 2 sprays high-pressure high-temperature gas, and the gas impacts the blocking part 33 of the first heat insulation plate 3 through the first flow hole 111 to fracture the blocking part 34, at this time, the first flow hole 111 is in an unblocked state, and the gas can enter the gas channel 44 and finally is discharged through the battery pack explosion-proof valve 41, so that the explosion protection of the battery cell 2 is realized. Furthermore, when gas enters the gas channel 44, the first flow holes 111 corresponding to other non-faulty cells 2 are blocked by the first heat insulation plate 3, so that the gas of the faulty cell 2 does not affect the non-faulty cell 2, compared with the prior art, the damage degree of the battery pack is reduced, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, and the risk of thermal runaway is reduced.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of grid baffles 112 are disposed on one side of the bottom plate 11 away from the battery cell 2, and grid baffles 112 are disposed on both sides of any one first flow hole 111 along the first direction. When the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows through the first flow holes 111 corresponding to the faulty cells 2, the barrier ribs 112 can act as barriers to prevent the gas from directly striking the plugs 33 corresponding to the non-faulty cells 2.

Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the first heat insulating plate 3 is provided with an avoidance hole 32, and the avoidance hole 32 is used for avoiding the grid baffle 112, so as to ensure that the plugging portion 33 can be attached to the side wall of the bottom plate 11. In this embodiment, the insulating panel body 31 is bonded to the floor panel 11.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the explosion-proof structure of the battery further comprises a plurality of second heat insulation plates 5, wherein the second heat insulation plates 5 are arranged on two sides of any battery cell 2, and the second heat insulation plates 5 can prevent heat transfer between the battery cells 2 and can prevent high temperature of the fault battery cell 2 from affecting the non-fault battery cell 2.

Further, the channel housing assembly 4 includes a bottom guard plate 42, the bottom guard plate 42 is wrapped around the bottom plate 11, the bottom guard plate 42 is located below the first heat insulation plate 3, and a gas chamber is disposed between the bottom guard plate 42 and the first heat insulation plate 3, and the gas channel 44 is in communication with the gas chamber, in other words, the gas chamber is a part of the gas channel 44. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas can flow through the first flow holes 111 corresponding to the faulty cell 2 and enter the gas chamber, the gas chamber can buffer the gas, and then the gas is discharged through the gas channel 44 and the battery pack explosion-proof valve 41. The blocking portion 33 of the non-faulty cell 2 provided in the gas chamber can receive the impact of the gas under the abutment of the side wall of the bottom plate 11, preventing the breakage of the blocking portion 34. The channel shell assembly 4 is further provided with a side guard plate 43, the side guard plate 43 is connected to the bottom guard plate 42, the side guard plate 43 is coated on the outer wall of the battery box body 1, a gas channel 44 is arranged between the side guard plate 43 and the outer wall of the battery box body 1, and the battery pack explosion-proof valve 41 is arranged on the side guard plate 43.

Preferably, the channel shell assembly 4 further comprises a third heat insulation plate 45, and the third heat insulation plate 45 is attached to the side of the bottom guard plate 42 facing the first heat insulation plate 3. The third heat insulating plate 45 can prevent the high temperature gas from directly striking the bottom guard plate 42, and prevent the heat of the gas from being transferred to the bottom guard plate 42, thereby preventing other parts from being damaged due to the high temperature of the bottom guard plate 42.

Further preferably, a seal 46 is provided between the bottom plate 11 and the bottom plate 42, so that gas is prevented from being discharged through a gap between the bottom plate 42 and the battery case 1.

In this embodiment, the first heat insulating plate 3, the second heat insulating plate 5 and the third heat insulating plate 45 are made of heat insulating materials, for example, mica plates, ceramic or silica gel pads.

Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, while the utility model has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the utility model is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof structure, characterized by comprising:

the battery box body (1), the battery box body (1) is provided with a battery compartment (12), a plurality of battery cores (2) are arranged in the battery compartment (12) at intervals along a first direction, and a battery explosion-proof valve (21) is arranged at the bottom of each battery core (2);

the battery box body (1) comprises a bottom plate (11), the bottom plate (11) is positioned below the battery core (2), a plurality of first flow holes (111) are formed in the bottom plate (11) at intervals, the plurality of first flow holes (111) are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery explosion-proof valves (21), and the first flow holes (111) are opposite to the battery explosion-proof valves (21);

the first heat insulation plate (3), the first heat insulation plate (3) comprises a heat insulation plate main body (31), a plurality of blocking parts (33) and a plurality of cutting parts (34), the blocking parts (33) are connected to the heat insulation plate main body (31) through the cutting parts (34), the blocking parts (33) are in one-to-one correspondence with the first flow holes (111), the blocking parts (33) block one end, far away from the battery explosion-proof valve (21), of the first flow holes (111), and gas generated by the battery explosion-proof valve (21) can impact the blocking parts (33) so as to break the cutting parts (34);

the battery pack explosion-proof valve comprises a channel shell assembly (4), wherein the channel shell assembly is wrapped on the outer wall of a battery box body (1), a battery pack explosion-proof valve (41) is arranged on the side wall of the channel shell assembly (4), a gas channel (44) is formed between the channel shell assembly (4) and the battery box body (1), and the battery pack explosion-proof valve (41) and the plugging portions (33) are located in the gas channel (44).

2. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grid baffles (112) are arranged on one side of the bottom plate (11) away from the battery cell (2), and the grid baffles (112) are arranged on two sides of any one of the first flow holes (111) along the first direction.

3. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 2, wherein the first heat insulating plate (3) is provided with an avoidance hole (32), and the avoidance hole (32) is used for avoiding the grid baffle (112).

4. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of second heat insulation plates (5), wherein the second heat insulation plates (5) are arranged on both sides of any one of the battery cells (2).

5. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 4, wherein the channel housing assembly (4) comprises a bottom guard plate (42), the bottom guard plate (42) is wrapped on the bottom plate (11), the bottom guard plate (42) is located below the first heat insulation plate (3), a gas chamber is arranged between the bottom guard plate (42) and the first heat insulation plate (3), and the gas channel (44) is communicated with the gas chamber.

6. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 5, wherein the channel housing assembly (4) further comprises a third heat insulation plate (45), and the third heat insulation plate (45) is attached to the side of the bottom guard plate (42) facing the first heat insulation plate (3).

7. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 5, wherein a seal ring (46) is provided between the bottom guard plate (42) and the bottom plate (11).

8. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 6, wherein the first heat insulating plate (3), the second heat insulating plate (5) and the third heat insulating plate (45) are made of mica plates, ceramics or silica gel pads.

9. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating plate body (31) is bonded to the bottom plate (11).

10. A battery pack comprising the battery explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.