CN112697493A - Undisturbed sampling sediment in-situ repair simulation device and method - Google Patents
Undisturbed sampling sediment in-situ repair simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The sediment in-situ repair simulation device and method for undisturbed sampling, disclosed by the invention, comprise a reaction device and a sampling device, wherein a reactor body of the reaction device comprises an upper layer container and a lower layer container, so that polluted sediment and overlying water can be conveniently and sequentially placed, the sedimentation stabilization time hardly exists, and the preparation process of a sediment in-situ repair simulation experiment is accelerated. The inside sampling device locating rack that is equipped with of upper container, the bottom of lower floor's container is equipped with a plurality of thief holes, sampling device passes behind the sampling device locating hole, its axis with the axis of thief hole coincides mutually, can realize sampling device's accurate positioning, and then the accurate sediment sample of taking out the different degree of depth. The sampling device comprises a fixed sleeve, a sampling sleeve and a sampling column which are sequentially nested. The sampling column is pushed out of the sampling hole by pushing in the sampling sleeve, and after sampling, the fixed sleeve is kept in place, so that surrounding sediment can be prevented from collapsing, and undisturbed sampling is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sediment in-situ repair, in particular to a sediment in-situ repair simulation device and method for undisturbed sampling.
Background
The repair of the polluted sediment is divided into two main categories of in-situ repair and ex-situ repair according to whether the sediment needs to be moved in the treatment process, and the ex-situ repair technology of the sediment is considered to be the polluted sediment repair technology with better development prospect because the ex-situ repair engineering quantity is large and secondary pollution is easily caused. The in-situ sediment repairing technology is a technology for treating pollutants in situ without removing polluted sediment out of a water body. At present, compared with the ectopic repair technology, the in-situ repair technology for water body polluted sediments generally has the defects of low repair efficiency, incapability of maintaining good repair effect for a long time and the like, and the main reasons are adverse factors such as variable in-situ repair environment, uncontrollable repair process and the like. Therefore, detailed research on a specific repair mechanism in the in-situ repair technology is required to improve the repair effect and monitor and reasonably intervene the repair process, which all need to be simulated and verified through a large number of long-term experiments.
However, the conventional simulation device for in-situ sediment repair has a small specification/size, so that the environment for in-situ sediment repair cannot be effectively simulated, and the repair mechanism and the repair effect of sediments with different section depths cannot be researched. In addition, the existing sediment in-situ repair simulation device cannot monitor the long-term continuous repair process, and the sediment sampling at each time can cause great disturbance to the internal environment of the sediment, which is not beneficial to the continuous repair process research of the in-situ repair technology. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sediment in-situ repair simulation device which has a large specification/size, is convenient for repair simulation operation, can perform continuous repair research, and does not perform disturbance sampling, so as to perform detailed research on a specific repair mechanism, thereby providing a powerful basis for improving the in-situ repair effect of the sediment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sediment in-situ restoration simulation device and method for undisturbed sampling, wherein the device can collect sediment columnar samples with different section depths in the in-situ restoration simulation process, and can effectively prevent the collapse of sediment caused by sampling, thereby realizing the long-time continuous simulation restoration process research of sediment in-situ restoration.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sediment in-situ restoration simulation device for undisturbed sampling comprises a reaction device and a sampling device, wherein the reaction device comprises a reactor body and a reactor placing frame for suspending the bottom surface of the reactor body, the reactor body comprises an upper layer container and a lower layer container, at least two layers of sampling device positioning frames which are parallel to each other are arranged in the upper layer container from top to bottom, the sampling device positioning frames are provided with a plurality of sampling device positioning holes, the bottom of the lower layer container is provided with a plurality of sampling holes, and after the sampling devices penetrate through the sampling device positioning holes, the axes of the sampling devices coincide with the axes of the sampling holes; the sampling device comprises a fixing sleeve, a sampling sleeve and a sampling column, wherein the outer diameter of the fixing sleeve is the same as the diameter of the positioning hole of the sampling device, and the inner diameter of the positioning hole of the sampling device is larger than the diameter of the sampling hole.
Preferably, the upper layer container and the lower layer container are fixed in a butt joint mode through sealing flanges.
Preferably, the sediment in-situ repair simulation device for undisturbed sampling further comprises a plurality of sealing bolts, and the sampling holes are sealing threaded holes matched with the sealing bolts.
Preferably, the top of the upper container is provided with a detachable sealing flange cover, and the detachable sealing flange cover is provided with an air inlet hole, an air outlet hole and an electrode placing hole.
Preferably, the simulation device for sediment in-situ remediation by undisturbed sampling further comprises an electrode with a fixing part sealed in the electrode placement hole, wherein the electrode comprises an electrode for measuring environmental indexes such as pH value, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity of a system.
Preferably, the sampling device positioning frame is a circular plate which is connected with the inner wall of the upper layer container and is parallel to the bottom of the lower layer container, the sampling device positioning holes are arranged on the circular plate in a central symmetry manner, and the axis of the sampling device positioning hole arranged on each layer of the sampling device positioning frame is overlapped with the axis of the sampling hole corresponding to the sampling hole up and down.
Preferably, the length of the fixed sleeve is at least higher than the height of the water covered in the reactor body and lower than the height of the reactor body, the lengths of the sampling sleeve and the sampling column are slightly higher than the length of the fixed sleeve, and scales are marked on the sampling column so as to accurately take out sediments with corresponding depths for analysis.
Preferably, the suspended horizontal bottom surface of the reactor placing frame is provided with round holes which are consistent with the distribution of the sampling holes arranged at the bottom of the lower-layer container and have diameters larger than the sampling holes, and a guardrail surrounding the reactor body extends upwards around the suspended horizontal bottom surface.
Preferably, a siphon device is also included.
A sediment in-situ repair simulation method for undisturbed sampling is used for carrying out simulation experiments by using the sediment in-situ repair simulation device for undisturbed sampling and comprises the following steps,
placing the lower layer container on the reactor placing frame, and placing polluted sediments in the lower layer container, or placing the sediments in the lower layer container and then placing the sediments on the reactor placing frame; assembling an upper layer container and a lower layer container together according to the sealing requirement, filling a proper amount of overlying water, and performing in-situ repair on sediments in a closed reactor body;
step two, when sampling is needed, opening a detachable sealing flange cover of the reactor body, and inserting the fixed sleeve into the sediment of the lower container until the bottom of the lower container, wherein the fixed sleeve sequentially passes through a sampling device positioning hole formed in a sampling device positioning frame connected with the inner wall of the upper container chamber; the bottom of the fixed sleeve is just fixed at the position of the corresponding sampling hole at the bottom of the lower container by at least two sampling device positioning holes which are vertically arranged;
step three, taking out the upper water in the fixed sleeve in the step two by using the siphon device;
step four, inserting the sampling sleeve into the fixed sleeve until reaching the bottom of the lower layer container;
fifthly, opening a sampling hole corresponding to the position of the fixed sleeve;
step six, placing a sample container for storing sediment samples below the reactor placing frame and aligning the sample container with the opened sampling hole, inserting the sampling column into the sampling sleeve, continuing to slowly push the sampling column downwards after reaching the surface of the sediment in the sampling sleeve, sequentially pushing the sediment out according to scales, and sequentially dropping the sediment into the corresponding sample container;
seventhly, plugging the sampling hole by using a rubber plug or a sealing bolt; and taking out the sampling sleeve and the sampling column from the upper part, and keeping the fixed sleeve in place to prevent the collapse of surrounding sediments, so that the sampling process has no disturbance to the reaction process of other sediments in the reactor body, and further has no interference to subsequent experiments.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the sediment in-situ repair simulation device and method for undisturbed sampling, the reactor body adopts a double-layer structure, so that polluted sediment and overlying water can be conveniently and sequentially placed, the sedimentation stabilization time hardly exists, the preparation process of a sediment in-situ repair simulation experiment is accelerated, at least two layers of parallel sampling device positioning frames are placed in an upper-layer container, the accurate positioning of a sampling device can be realized, and sediment samples with different depths can be accurately taken out; and after the sampling device samples, the fixed sleeve is kept in place, so that surrounding sediments can be prevented from collapsing, and undisturbed sampling is realized.
2. The invention is provided with a plurality of sets of sampling devices, can simultaneously obtain parallel sediment samples in multiple directions, and is beneficial to carrying out more-dimensional and continuous in-situ restoration analysis on the polluted sediment; and pass through the deposit is released to the sample column, and takes out the deposit from the top behind the non-sample, and the sample process is simple, and the sample obscission when the sample of top can not appear has not only avoided the deposit sample to this internal reactant's of reactor extra disturbance, convenient accurate taking out the different degree of depth, and whole device is simple in step of establishing in addition, and the easy operation is controlled, advantage that the cost is lower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediment without disturbance sampling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a separated sampling device of an embodiment of the simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediment without disturbance of sampling according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a detachable sealing flange cover according to an embodiment of the simulation apparatus for in situ remediation of sediment without disturbance sampling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bottom of a lower container or a schematic diagram of a suspended horizontal bottom structure of a support base for abutting against the bottom of the lower container according to an embodiment of the simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediment without disturbance sampling of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of holes drilled in the positioning holes of the first sampling device or the positioning holes of the second sampling device according to an embodiment of the simulation apparatus for in-situ repairing of sediment without disturbance sampling;
each of the labels in the figure is:
the method comprises the following steps of reacting a device, 11-a reactor body, 111-an upper layer container, 112-a lower layer container, 1121-a sampling hole, 113-a first sampling device positioning frame, 1131-a first sampling device positioning hole, 114-a second sampling device positioning frame, 1141-a second sampling device positioning hole, 115-a sealing flange, 117-a detachable sealing flange cover, 1171-an air inlet hole, 1172-an air outlet hole, 1173-an electrode equipment placing hole, 12-a reactor placing frame, 121-a suspended horizontal bottom surface, 122-a guardrail, 2-a sampling device, 21-a fixing sleeve, 22-a sampling sleeve, 23-a sampling column, 3-electrode equipment, 4-sediment and 5-upper cover water.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediments without disturbance sampling includes a reaction apparatus 1 and a sampling apparatus 2, where the reaction apparatus 1 includes a reactor body 11 and a reactor rack 12 for suspending the bottom surface of the reactor body 11, the reactor body 11 includes an upper container 111 and a lower container 112, the lower container 112 is used for placing sediments, after the sediments are placed, the upper container 111 is fixedly sealed with the lower container through a sealing flange 115, and after the sediments are placed, a proper amount of upper water is added. The double-layer structure of the reactor body 11 is convenient for placing polluted sediments and overlying water in sequence, almost no precipitation stabilization time exists, and the preparation process of the sediment in-situ repair simulation experiment is accelerated. From last first sampling device locating rack 113 and the second sampling device locating rack 114 that are parallel to each other that are equipped with down in upper container 111, as shown in fig. 4, all be equipped with a plurality of sampling device locating holes on first sampling device locating rack 113 and the second sampling device locating rack 114, as shown in fig. 5, the bottom of lower floor's container 112 is equipped with a plurality of thief holes, wherein, be located first sampling device locating hole 1131 of first sampling device locating rack 113, be located second sampling device locating hole 1141 of second sampling device locating rack 114 and be located the thief hole 1121 of lower floor's container 112 is corresponding from top to bottom and the axis coincidence, can realize sampling device 2's accurate positioning, and then the accurate sediment sample of taking out the different degree of depth. After the sampling device 2 passes through the first sampling device positioning hole 1131 and the second sampling device positioning hole 1141, the axis thereof coincides with the sampling hole 1121; sampling device 2 includes fixed sleeve 21, sampling sleeve 22 and sampling column 23, fixed sleeve 21, sampling sleeve 22 are hollow cylinder sleeve, sampling column 23 is solid cylinder to sampling column 23 itself is carved with the scale or is pasted the scale. The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve 21 is equal to the diameters of the sampling device positioning holes 1131 and 1132, and the inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the sampling hole 1121, so that the fixing sleeve 21 can completely wrap the sampling hole 1121 inside the fixing sleeve 21 after being inserted to the bottom of the sediment, and the sediment outside the fixing sleeve 21 does not overflow from the sampling hole 1121. The external diameter of sampling sleeve 22 is less than slightly the internal diameter of fixed sleeve 21, the external diameter of sample post 23 is less than slightly the internal diameter of sampling sleeve 22 is convenient for with sampling sleeve 22 inserts fixed sleeve 21 carries out the preliminary sampling, and is convenient for push out the sample deposit sample from the thief hole of bottom in the sampling sleeve 22 through sample post 23, and then take a sample. And after sampling, the fixed sleeve 21 is kept in place, so that the surrounding sediment can be prevented from collapsing, and undisturbed sampling is realized. Specifically, the inner diameter of the reactor body 11 is not less than 30 cm, the height of the upper container 111 is not less than 60 cm, and the height of the lower container 112 is not less than 40 cm, so that a larger size/dimension device can be obtained, and continuous long-term repair simulation operation can be performed.
Preferably, the simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediment by undisturbed sampling further comprises a plurality of sealing bolts 116, the sampling hole 1121 is a threaded sealing hole matched with the sealing bolts, and before the sediment is placed, the sampling hole 1121 is sealed by using the sealing bolts 116. The reactor placing frame is provided with a round hole at a position corresponding to the sealing bolt, so that the sealing bolt 116 does not bear the pressure caused by the self gravity of the reactor body.
Preferably, a detachable sealing flange cover 117 is disposed on the top of the upper container 111, and an air inlet hole 1171, an air outlet hole 1172 and an electrode device placing hole 1173 are disposed on the detachable sealing flange cover 117. The removable sealing flange cover 117 is sealingly connected to the flange means of the upper part of the upper container 111 after the sediment and overburden have been filled. The inlet hole 1171 and the outlet hole 1172 are used to fill with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas to ensure an anaerobic environment inside the reactor body 11. The reactor body 11 is made of organic glass, preferably acrylic material.
Preferably, the simulation apparatus for sediment in-situ remediation without disturbance sampling further comprises an electrode device 3, and the fixing member of the electrode device 3 is sealed in the electrode device placing hole 1173. The electrode device may be a pH electrode, an ORP electrode, or a conductivity electrode, etc. The electrode means is placed through the electrode means placing hole 1173 for continuously measuring environmental indexes such as pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity inside the reactor body.
Preferably, the sampling device positioning frame 114 is a circular plate connected to the inner wall of the upper container 111 and parallel to the bottom of the lower container 112, the sampling device positioning holes are arranged on the circular plate in a central symmetry manner, specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the circle center of the sampling device positioning hole on the dotted line is on the dotted line circle, and the axis of the sampling device positioning hole arranged on each layer of the sampling device positioning frame coincides with the axis of the sampling hole corresponding to the upper and lower layers.
Preferably, the length of the fixed sleeve 21 is at least higher than the height of the water coated in the reactor body 11 and lower than the height of the reactor body 11, the lengths of the sampling sleeve 22 and the sampling column 23 are slightly higher than the length of the fixed sleeve 21, and the sampling column 23 is marked with scales, so that sediments with corresponding depths can be accurately taken out for multi-dimensional analysis. For example, the sediment at different positions on the same horizontal section can be simultaneously sampled for analysis, or the samples at different height positions can be respectively sampled for analysis during the same sampling. And can ensure that the heights of multiple samplings after a long time are the same.
Preferably, the suspended horizontal bottom surface 121 of the reactor placement frame 12 is provided with circular holes which are distributed in the same way as the sampling holes 1121 formed in the bottom of the lower container 112 and have a diameter larger than the sampling holes, and a guardrail 122 surrounding the reactor body 11 extends upwards around the suspended horizontal bottom surface 121. The guard rail 122 is at least 4 edge posts having a height of less than 40 cm.
Preferably, the simulation device for sediment in-situ remediation by undisturbed sampling further comprises a siphon device for taking out the overlying water or filling the reactor body with the overlying water.
Example 2
A sediment in-situ repair simulation method for undisturbed sampling is used for carrying out simulation experiments by using the sediment in-situ repair simulation device for undisturbed sampling and comprises the following steps,
step one, placing the lower layer container 112 on the reactor placing frame 12, placing the pollution sediment 4 into the lower layer container 112, or placing the sediment 4 into the lower layer container 112 and then placing the sediment on the reactor placing frame 12; assembling the upper layer container 111 and the lower layer container 112 together according to the sealing requirement, filling a proper amount of upper covering water 5 through a siphon device, and then carrying out in-situ repair on the sediment 4 in the closed reactor body 11;
step two, when sampling is needed, opening the detachable sealing flange cover 117 of the reactor body 11, positioning the fixing sleeve 21 sequentially through a first sampling device positioning hole 1131 arranged on a first sampling device positioning frame 113 connected to the inner wall of the upper container 111 and a second sampling device positioning hole 1141 arranged on a second sampling device positioning frame 114, and then inserting the fixing sleeve into the sediment 4 of the lower container 112 until the bottom of the lower container 112; the bottom of the fixing sleeve 21 is fixed at the position of the corresponding sampling hole 1121 at the bottom of the lower container 112 by at least two sampling device positioning holes arranged up and down;
step three, taking out the upper water in the fixed sleeve 21 in the step two by using the siphon device;
step four, inserting the sampling sleeve 22 into the fixed sleeve 21 until reaching the bottom of the lower container 112;
step five, opening a sampling hole 1121 corresponding to the position of the fixed sleeve 21;
sixthly, placing a sample container for storing sediment samples below the reactor placing frame 12 and aligning the sample container with the opened sampling hole 1121, inserting the sampling column 23 into the sampling sleeve 22, continuing to push the sampling column 23 downwards slowly after the sampling column reaches the surface of the sediment in the sampling sleeve 22, sequentially pushing out the sediment samples according to the scales of the sediment samples, and sequentially dropping the sediment samples into the corresponding sample containers;
seventhly, blocking the sampling hole 1121 by using a rubber plug or a sealing bolt 116; and the sampling sleeve 22 and the sampling column 23 are taken out from the upper part, and the fixed sleeve 21 is kept in place to prevent the collapse of surrounding sediments, so that the sampling process has no disturbance to the reaction process of other sediments in the reactor body 11, and further has no interference to the subsequent experiment.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments may enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sediment in-situ restoration simulation device for undisturbed sampling is characterized by comprising a reaction device and a sampling device, wherein the reaction device comprises a reactor body and a reactor placing frame for suspending the bottom surface of the reactor body, the reactor body comprises an upper layer container and a lower layer container, at least two layers of sampling device positioning frames which are parallel to each other are arranged in the upper layer container from top to bottom, the sampling device positioning frames are provided with a plurality of sampling device positioning holes, the bottom of the lower layer container is provided with a plurality of sampling holes, and after the sampling device penetrates through the sampling device positioning holes, the axis of the sampling device coincides with the axis of the sampling holes; the sampling device comprises a fixing sleeve, a sampling sleeve and a sampling column, wherein the outer diameter of the fixing sleeve is the same as the diameter of the positioning hole of the sampling device, and the inner diameter of the positioning hole of the sampling device is larger than the diameter of the sampling hole.
2. The simulation device for in-situ sediment repair without disturbance sampling according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer container and the lower layer container are fixed in an abutting mode through sealing flanges.
3. The simulation device for in-situ repair of sediment by undisturbed sampling of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sealing bolts, wherein the sampling holes are sealing threaded holes matched with the sealing bolts.
4. The simulation device for in-situ restoration of sediment for undisturbed sampling according to claim 1, wherein a detachable sealing flange cover is arranged on the top of the upper container, and an air inlet hole, an air outlet hole and an electrode placing hole are formed in the detachable sealing flange cover.
5. The simulation apparatus for in-situ remediation of sediment sampled without disturbance according to claim 1, further comprising an electrode device with a fixing member sealed in the electrode placement hole, wherein the electrode device comprises an electrode for measuring environmental indicators such as system pH, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity.
6. The simulation device for in-situ restoration of sediment in undisturbed sampling according to claim 1, wherein the sampling device positioning frame is a circular plate which is connected with the inner wall of the upper container and is parallel to the bottom of the lower container, the sampling device positioning holes are arranged on the circular plate in a central symmetry manner, and the axis of the sampling device positioning hole arranged on each layer of the sampling device positioning frame is coincident with the axis of the sampling hole corresponding to the upper layer and the lower layer.
7. The simulation device for in-situ remediation of sediment by undisturbed sampling of claim 2, wherein the length of the fixed sleeve is at least higher than the height of the overlying water in the reactor body and lower than the height of the reactor body, the lengths of the sampling sleeve and the sampling column are slightly higher than the length of the fixed sleeve, and the sampling column is marked with scales to accurately extract sediment at a corresponding depth for analysis.
8. The simulation device for in-situ remediation of sediment by undisturbed sampling as claimed in claim 2, wherein the suspended horizontal bottom surface of the reactor placement frame is provided with round holes which are distributed in the same way as the sampling holes arranged at the bottom of the lower-layer container and have a diameter larger than the sampling holes, and a guardrail surrounding the reactor body extends upwards around the suspended horizontal bottom surface.
9. The simulated device for in-situ sediment remediation by undisturbed sampling of claim 1 further comprising a siphoning device.
10. A simulation method for in-situ repair of undisturbed sampled sediments, which is characterized in that a simulation experiment is carried out by using the simulation device for in-situ repair of undisturbed sampled sediments in any one of claims 1-7, and comprises the following steps,
placing the lower layer container on the reactor placing frame, and placing polluted sediments in the lower layer container, or placing the sediments in the lower layer container and then placing the sediments on the reactor placing frame; assembling an upper layer container and a lower layer container together according to the sealing requirement, filling a proper amount of overlying water, and performing in-situ repair on sediments in a closed reactor body;
step two, when sampling is needed, opening a detachable sealing flange cover of the reactor body, and inserting the fixed sleeve into the sediment of the lower layer container until the bottom of the lower layer container through a sampling device positioning hole arranged on a sampling device positioning frame connected with the inner wall of the upper layer container in sequence; the bottom of the fixed sleeve is just fixed at the position of the corresponding sampling hole at the bottom of the lower container by at least two sampling device positioning holes which are vertically arranged;
step three, taking out the upper water in the fixed sleeve in the step two by using the siphon device;
step four, inserting the sampling sleeve into the fixed sleeve until reaching the bottom of the lower layer container;
fifthly, opening a sampling hole corresponding to the position of the fixed sleeve;
step six, placing a sample container for storing sediment samples below the reactor placing frame and aligning the sample container with the opened sampling hole, inserting the sampling column into the sampling sleeve, continuing to slowly push the sampling column downwards after reaching the surface of the sediment in the sampling sleeve, sequentially pushing the sediment out according to scales, and sequentially dropping the sediment into the corresponding sample container;
seventhly, plugging the sampling hole by using a rubber plug or a sealing bolt; and taking out the sampling sleeve and the sampling column from the upper part, and keeping the fixed sleeve in place to prevent the collapse of surrounding sediments, so that the sampling process has no disturbance to the reaction process of other sediments in the reactor body, and further has no interference to subsequent experiments.
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