CN112694766A - Preparation method of biodegradable plastic and application of biodegradable plastic in packing lunch boxes - Google Patents
Preparation method of biodegradable plastic and application of biodegradable plastic in packing lunch boxes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112694766A CN112694766A CN202011552470.0A CN202011552470A CN112694766A CN 112694766 A CN112694766 A CN 112694766A CN 202011552470 A CN202011552470 A CN 202011552470A CN 112694766 A CN112694766 A CN 112694766A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of biodegradable plastic and application thereof in a packing lunch box. The preparation method of the biodegradable material comprises the steps of taking 30-50 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of natural resin and 5-10 parts of bean gum as raw materials, and preparing the biodegradable plastic by the methods of fiber preparation treatment, mixing treatment, sterilization treatment, glue mixing treatment and hot press molding of the raw materials. The invention adopts wheat straw, corn straw and soybean straw agricultural garbage as raw materials to prepare biodegradable plastic which can be degraded by microorganisms in the environment when being used for disposable lunch boxes, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to human bodies, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, is a green and environment-friendly preparation method, and is an economic and safe preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of biodegradable plastic, in particular to a preparation method of biodegradable plastic and application of the biodegradable plastic in a lunch box, belonging to the technical field of food packaging.
Background
With the pace of life of people becoming faster, take-out becomes a necessary life style for many people, the using amount of lunch boxes for taking out of finished products increases, and polypropylene (PP) and Polystyrene (PS) are mainly used as main raw materials for synthesizing take-out lunch boxes in the prior art. It is known that polypropylene (PP) and Polystyrene (PS) are high polymers, and disposable lunch boxes after use cause great environmental pollution and also affect human health. Therefore, how to provide a preparation method of degradable plastics for disposable meal boxes is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of biodegradable plastic and application of the biodegradable plastic in a packing lunch box, so as to overcome the defects that pollutants are caused to the environment and the health of people is influenced by using a disposable lunch box which can not be degraded completely in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the biodegradable plastic comprises the following steps:
(1) providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 30-50 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of natural resin and 5-10 parts of bean gum;
(2) preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: putting the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) into a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a fiber raw material;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing the natural resin and the bean gum with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing the mixture in a high-temperature sterilization pot at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 30-50 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 30 parts.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 40 parts.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 50 parts.
Optionally, the corn stover is 30 parts.
Optionally, the corn stover is 20 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 10 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 15 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 20 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 10 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 15 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 20 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is a molding agent.
Optionally, the bean gum is 5 parts.
Optionally, the bean gum is 10 parts.
Optionally, the bean gum is an adhesive.
In a more specific embodiment, the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 40 parts of wheat straw, 30 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum. In a more specific embodiment, the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 30 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 100 r/min-300 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 100 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 200 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 300 r/min.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 60min at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃.
Optionally, ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 100-300nm is used for carrying out ultraviolet light sterilization treatment on the materials.
The prepared biodegradable plastic is applied to disposable meal boxes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention adopts wheat straw, corn straw and soybean straw agricultural garbage as raw materials to prepare biodegradable plastic which can be degraded by microorganisms in the environment when being used for disposable lunch boxes, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to human bodies, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, is a green and environment-friendly preparation method, and is an economic and safe preparation method.
Detailed Description
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and extensive practices to provide technical solutions of the present invention. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.
The preparation method of the biodegradable plastic comprises the following steps:
(1) providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 30-50 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of natural resin and 5-10 parts of bean gum;
(2) preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: putting the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) into a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a fiber raw material;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing the natural resin and the bean gum with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing the mixture in a high-temperature sterilization pot at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 30-50 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 30 parts.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 40 parts.
Optionally, the wheat straw is 50 parts.
Optionally, the corn stover is 30 parts.
Optionally, the corn stover is 20 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 10 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 15 parts.
Optionally, the soybean straw is 20 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 10 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 15 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is 20 parts.
Optionally, the natural resin is a molding agent.
Optionally, the bean gum is 5 parts.
Optionally, the bean gum is 10 parts.
Optionally, the bean gum is an adhesive.
In a more specific embodiment, the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 40 parts of wheat straw, 30 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum. In a more specific embodiment, the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 30 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 100 r/min-300 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 100 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 200 r/min.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixer is 300 r/min.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 60min at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Optionally, the materials are mixed and then placed in a high temperature sterilization pot for sterilization treatment for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃.
Optionally, ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 100-300nm is used for carrying out ultraviolet light sterilization treatment on the materials.
The prepared biodegradable plastic is applied to disposable meal boxes.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to several examples.
The materials in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available.
Example 1
(1) Providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 40 parts of wheat straw, 30 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
(2) Preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: placing the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) in a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring for 3 hours under the condition of 100r/min, and obtaining a fiber raw material after mixing and stirring;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing in a high-temperature sterilization pot at 50 ℃ for 30 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
Example 2
(1) Providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 30 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
(2) Preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: putting the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) into a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring for 3 hours under the condition of 200r/min, and obtaining a fiber raw material after mixing and stirring;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing in a high-temperature sterilization pot at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
Example 3
(1) Providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 30 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
(2) Preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: placing the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) in a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring for 3 hours under the condition of 300r/min, and obtaining a fiber raw material after mixing and stirring;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing in a high-temperature sterilization pot at 50 ℃ for 60 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
Example 4
(1) Providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 40 parts of wheat straw, 10 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
(2) Preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: placing the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) in a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring for 4 hours under the condition of 150r/min, and obtaining a fiber raw material after mixing and stirring;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing in a high-temperature sterilization pot at 40 ℃ for 30 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
The biodegradable plastics prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 are used in take-away lunch boxes, and meet the standard 'degradation' requirement of the tableware in GB18006.3-2020 general technical requirement for disposable degradable tableware, for example, the biodegradation rate needs to reach more than 60%, the starch content of degradable tableware with starch components is not less than 40%, and the like.
Therefore, the invention adopts wheat straw, corn straw and soybean straw agricultural garbage as raw materials to prepare the biodegradable plastic which can be used for the disposable lunch box and can be degraded by microorganisms in the environment, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to human bodies, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, is a green and environment-friendly preparation method, and is an economic and safe preparation method.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the biodegradable plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) providing the following raw materials according to the content of each component: 30-50 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of natural resin and 5-10 parts of bean gum;
(2) preparing fibers: putting the wheat straws into a fiber crusher to be crushed into wheat straw fibers, then putting the wheat straw fibers into a filter to be filtered, and filtering the filtered wheat straw fibers by a filter sieve of 100-mesh and 200-mesh to obtain natural wheat straw fibers; then placing the corn straws in a fiber crusher to crush the corn straws into corn straws, then placing the corn straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the corn straws through a filter sieve of 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural corn fibers; then placing the soybean straws in a fiber crusher to crush the soybean straws into soybean straw fibers, then placing the soybean straws in a filter to filter, and filtering the soybean straws through a filter sieve with 100 meshes and 200 meshes to obtain natural soybean straw fibers;
(3) mixing raw materials: putting the wheat straw fiber, the corn straw fiber and the soybean straw prepared in the step (2) into a high-speed mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a fiber raw material;
(4) mixing rubber: uniformly stirring natural resin and bean gum by using a high-speed mixer, mixing the natural resin and the bean gum with the fiber raw material prepared in the step (3), and sterilizing the mixture in a high-temperature sterilization pot at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 30-50 min;
(5) hot-press molding: and (4) placing the sterilized raw materials in a hot press, carrying out hot press molding, and obtaining a takeaway lunch box product after the hot press molding is finished.
2. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 40 parts of wheat straw, 30 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
3. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the following raw materials are provided according to the components and the content of the components: 30 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of natural resin and 10 parts of bean gum.
4. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the high-speed mixer is 100r/min to 300 r/min.
5. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 4, wherein the rotation speed of the high-speed mixer is 200 r/min.
6. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is sterilized in a high temperature sterilizer at 60 ℃ for 30 min.
7. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is sterilized in a high temperature sterilizer at 50 ℃ for 60 min.
8. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is sterilized in a high temperature sterilizer at 40 ℃ for 40 min.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet light with wavelength of 100-300nm is used to sterilize the material.
10. Use of a biodegradable plastic prepared according to any of claims 1-9 in disposable cutlery boxes.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113201228A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-03 | 浙江一马新材料有限公司 | Biodegradable material and preparation method thereof |
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CN110079112A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-02 | 东北农业大学 | The preparation method of environmentally protective Tableware |
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CN106317542A (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2017-01-11 | 王洪珠 | Taste-maintaining biodegradable plastic packaging material |
CN105504850A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江亨仕竹生态科技有限公司 | Preparation process of plant fiber tableware |
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