CN112691268A

CN112691268A - Medical breathing machine

Info

Publication number: CN112691268A
Application number: CN202011573442.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林庆艳; 赵娜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-04-23

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a medical ventilator, comprising: the air pump comprises a plurality of air pump assemblies, each air pump assembly comprises an air pump body and a second supporting seat for supporting the air pump body, each air pump body comprises a pump body and a piston arranged in the pump body, a piston rod is connected to the piston, and the piston is driven to pump air into a patient body when the piston rod acts; a drive mechanism; a transmission mechanism; the one-way air inlet and the one-way air outlet which are controlled by the one-way valve are respectively arranged at one end of the pump body for pumping air, and the one-way air outlet is connected with a breathing mask which is worn on the mouth and the nose of a patient through a connecting pipeline. The medical respirator has simple structure, can realize the basic functions of a common mechanical ventilation respirator, and can drive a plurality of air pump components by one motor for a plurality of patients to use.

Description

Medical breathing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical apparatus, in particular to a medical breathing machine.

Background

In modern clinical medicine, a ventilator has been widely used in respiratory failure due to various reasons, anesthesia and breathing management during major surgery, respiratory support therapy and emergency resuscitation as an effective means for manually replacing the function of spontaneous ventilation, and has a very important position in the modern medical field. The breathing machine is a vital medical device which can prevent and treat respiratory failure, reduce complications and save and prolong the life of a patient.

Common medical ventilators are classified into a mechanical ventilation type and an assisted mechanical ventilation type according to the type of use or application, wherein the mechanical ventilation type can completely generate, control and regulate the breath of a patient in the case that the spontaneous breath of the patient is weakened or disappeared. Can be used for treating spontaneous respiration disappearance or attenuation caused by diseases; spontaneous breathing is inhibited or weakened by artificial methods when the spontaneous breathing is irregular or too frequent and the mechanical ventilation cannot be coordinated with the patient. The assisted mechanical ventilation type can assist or enhance the spontaneous respiration of the patient by a ventilator under the condition that the respiration of the patient exists. It is applicable to spontaneous breathing which is more regular but not applicable to patients with impaired spontaneous breathing and insufficient ventilation. Generally, mature ventilator designs have excellent performance and can cover most clinical applications. However, the cost of the traditional breathing machine is high, and one cost can reach tens of thousands yuan. Therefore, hospitals of smaller size are generally equipped with an extremely limited number of ventilators. When a large-scale respiratory tract infection event occurs, the problem of shortage of breathing machine resources can often occur in hospitals. Taking the new crown epidemic situation appearing in the last year as an example, in the new crown epidemic situation, the number of people infected globally exceeds ten million, and even in more developed countries, the phenomenon of medical resource extrusion still appears. According to clinical statistics, although the new coronavirus can be treated by no specific medicine, the respirator can play an important role in treating the new coronary pneumonia, and the survival rate of patients is effectively improved. According to the disclosure of relevant departments, in the global epidemic outbreak of China, the situation of shortage of breathing machines exists in all hospitals in the key period of epidemic control.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a medical ventilator which is inexpensive and applicable to a plurality of patients.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a medical ventilator, including:

the air pump comprises a plurality of air pump assemblies, each air pump assembly comprises an air pump body and a second supporting seat for supporting the air pump body, each air pump body comprises a pump body and a piston arranged in the pump body, a piston rod is connected to the piston, and the piston is driven to pump air into a patient body when the piston rod acts;

a drive mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a cam connected to the output end of the driving mechanism and a transmission frame connected with the cam, and the two opposite sides of the transmission frame are respectively connected with the piston rods of the two oppositely arranged air pump assemblies so as to enable the two air pump assemblies to be connected in series;

the one-way air inlet and the one-way air outlet which are controlled by the one-way valve are respectively arranged at one end of the pump body for pumping air, and the one-way air outlet is connected with a breathing mask which is worn on the mouth and the nose of a patient through a connecting pipeline.

Preferably, the one-way air inlets are oppositely arranged, and at least one of the one-way air inlets is connected with the oxygen source.

Preferably, the connecting pipeline comprises an inhalation pipeline and an exhalation branch pipe connected to the inhalation pipeline, and the tail end of the exhalation branch pipe is connected with an end-expiratory positive pressure valve device.

Preferably, the positive end-expiratory pressure valve device comprises a water container, a joint is arranged at an opening of the water container, and an expiratory interface and an air outlet for exhausting air, which are connected with the expiratory branch pipe, are arranged on the joint; the water container is filled with a preset amount of water, the part of the joint positioned in the water container is provided with an exhaust port, and an exhaust hose extending to the position below the liquid level is connected to the exhaust port; the improved air flow valve is characterized in that a flow valve is further arranged at the top of the joint body and comprises a valve body and a valve core arranged in the valve body, a valve block capable of lifting under the action of the expiratory air flow is arranged in the valve core, the top of the valve body is constructed into an upper cover, a top cover is arranged on the upper cover, a supporting plate is arranged in the upper cover, a limiting block is arranged on the supporting plate in a pressed mode, and a scale extending out of the top cover is arranged on the limiting block in a following mode.

Preferably, the cam comprises a cam body, at least a hollow part is constructed at the tip of the cam body, and a pin shaft is arranged on the hollow part; the transmission frame is provided with a sliding groove along the length direction of the transmission frame, and the pin shaft is positioned in the sliding groove.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a motor base and a driving motor arranged on the motor base, and the driving motor is a stepping motor.

Preferably, the device further comprises a first supporting seat, and the transmission mechanism is arranged on the first supporting seat.

Preferably, an accommodating cavity is formed in the first supporting seat, and the transmission mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity.

Preferably, the two opposite sides of the accommodating cavity are provided with positioning plates, and the piston rods of the two opposite air pump assemblies penetrate through the positioning plates in a sliding manner.

Preferably, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected in series with a plurality of transmission mechanisms through a transmission shaft, and each transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with two opposite air pump assemblies.

Compared with the prior art, the medical breathing machine provided by the invention has a simple structure, can realize the basic functions of a common mechanical ventilation type breathing machine, can drive a plurality of air pump assemblies to be used by a plurality of patients through one motor, and can provide more economic and effective support for medical treatment in the areas lack of medical resources.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

This document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosed technology.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a medical ventilator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another perspective view (including a partially enlarged view) of the medical ventilator according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view (with parts hidden and with a partial enlarged view) of a medical ventilator according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air pump assembly of the medical ventilator according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the positive end-expiratory pressure valve device of the medical ventilator according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the positive end-expiratory pressure valve device of the medical ventilator according to the present invention.

The main reference numbers:

10 … patient; 20 … a ventilator; 30 … end-expiratory positive pressure valve means; 40 … connecting pipes; 50 … respiratory mask; 21 … driving mechanism; 22 … a first support; 23 … driving mechanism; 24 … air pump assembly; 31 … water container; a 32 … joint; 33 … flow valve; 34 … water; 41 … suction line; 42 … expiratory limb; 211 … motor seat; 212 … drive the motor; 221 … positioning plates; 231 … cam; 232 … transfer box; 241 … a second support seat; 242 … air pump body; 321 … a fitting body; 322 … exhalation interface; 323 … air outlet holes; 324 an exhaust port 324 …; 325 … exhaust hose; 331 … valve body; 332 … a valve core; 333 … valve plate; 334 … an upper cover; 335 … supporting plate; 336 … a stop block; 337 … scale; 338 … top cover; 2121 … motor output shaft; 2122 … drive shaft; 2311 … cam body; 2312 … pin shaft; 2321 … chute; 2421 … a piston rod; 2422 … a piston; 2423 … pump body; 24231 … one-way air inlet; 24232 … A one-way vent.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a medical ventilator provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of air pump assemblies 24, each air pump assembly 24 comprises an air pump body 242 and a second support seat 241 supporting the air pump body 242, the air pump body 242 comprises a pump body 2423 and a piston 2422 arranged in the pump body 2423, the piston 2422 is connected with a piston rod 2421, and the piston rod 2421 drives the piston 2422 to pump air into the patient body when acting; the driving mechanism 21, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism may specifically be a driving motor 212, and the driving motor 212 may be controlled by a programmable device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a single chip, or an embedded development board, such as a raspberry development board, and may be used to communicate with the driving motor 212 to implement control. In addition, in some embodiments, the driving mechanism further includes a motor base 211, and the driving motor 212, such as a stepping motor, may be disposed on the motor base 211. The transmission mechanism 23 of this embodiment of the present invention may preferably include a cam 231 connected to the output end (motor output shaft 2121) of the driving mechanism 21, and a transmission frame 232 connected to the cam 231, wherein two opposite sides of the transmission frame 232 are respectively connected to the piston rods 2421 of the two oppositely disposed air pump assemblies 24, so that the two air pump assemblies 24 are connected in series; thus, in this embodiment of the present invention, two air pump assemblies 24 can be driven by one motor, and in fact, one air pump assembly 24 can be used by one patient, which can alleviate the stress problem of the ventilator to some extent. Especially for population epidemics the ventilation required by the patient is close and therefore it is in fact completely feasible to use the same drive motor 212 for driving. In addition, in the present embodiment, the pump body 2423 may be respectively provided with a one-way air inlet 24231 and a one-way air outlet 24232 controlled by a one-way valve (not shown), and the one-way air outlet 24232 is connected to a breathing mask 50 worn on the mouth and nose of the patient 10 through a connecting pipeline 40. In the present invention, the breathing mask 50 may be a general breathing mask, and does not need to be particularly disposed. However, it is preferable that two unidirectional air inlets 24231 are oppositely provided, and at least one of them is connected with the oxygen source. Thus, the oxygen or the mixed gas of the oxygen and the air with different concentrations can be selected to be provided for the patient according to the actual treatment requirement.

In other embodiments, the connecting line 40 may include an inhalation line 41 and a branch exhalation line 42 connected to the inhalation line 41, and the end of the branch exhalation line 42 is connected to an end-expiratory positive pressure valve device 30. The positive end expiratory pressure valve device 30(PEEP) is designed to maintain a positive pressure in the respiratory tract at the end of expiration (normally, the positive pressure is used only during inspiration, and the pressure is reduced to zero during expiration) when a ventilator is used, so as to avoid early closing of alveoli, expand a part of alveoli that lose ventilation function due to exudation, pulmonary atelectasis, and the like, increase the reduced functional residual capacity, and achieve the purpose of improving blood oxygen. The end-expiratory positive pressure valve device applied clinically at present has various structures, but most mature and commercial products have high manufacturing cost, and in the invention, a simple implementation manner can be provided, specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the end-expiratory positive pressure valve device 30 comprises a water container 31, an opening of the water container 31 is provided with a connector 32, and the connector 32 is provided with an expiration interface 322 connected with the expiration branch pipe 42 and an air outlet 323 for exhausting air; the water container 31 is filled with a preset amount of water 34, the part of the joint 32 positioned in the water container 31 is provided with an exhaust port 324, and an exhaust hose 325 extending to the liquid level is connected to the exhaust port 324; the top of the connector body 321 is further provided with a flow valve 33, the flow valve 33 comprises a valve body 331 and a valve core 332 arranged in the valve body 331, a valve sheet 333 capable of lifting under the action of expiratory airflow is arranged in the valve core 332, the top of the valve body 331 is constructed into an upper cover 334, a top cover 338 is arranged on the upper cover 334, a support plate 335 is arranged in the upper cover 334, a limit block 336 capable of being pressed by the valve sheet 333 is arranged on the support plate 335, and a scale 337 extending out of the top cover 338 is arranged on the limit block 336. In the structure, the gas exhaled by the patient enters the end-expiratory positive pressure valve device 30 through the expiratory branch pipe 42, and the expiratory interface 322 is only communicated with the exhaust port 324 and is not communicated with the air outlet 323, so that the expiratory airflow is blocked by the liquid level and pushes against the valve sheet 333, the valve sheet 333 moves upwards to release the air and pushes against the limiting block 336, and the limiting block 336 drives the scale 337 along with the expiratory airflow. In long-term use, it is inevitable that gas will escape from the exhaust hose 325, and the gas outlet 323 will exhaust this gas.

In other embodiments, it is preferable that the cam 231 includes a cam body 2311, and a tip (not labeled) of the cam body 2311 is configured with at least a hollow portion (not labeled) provided with a pin 2312; the transmission frame 232 is provided with a sliding groove 2321 along the length direction thereof, and the pin 2312 is located in the sliding groove. When the driving motor 212 drives the cam 231 to rotate, the pin 2312 reciprocates up and down along the sliding slot 2321, so as to drive the transmission frame 232 to reciprocate back and forth in the horizontal direction, and further drive the piston rods 2421 of the air pump assemblies 24 located at the two sides to drive the pistons 2422 to reciprocate. In the illustration of the present invention, a first supporting seat 22 is further included, and the transmission mechanism 23 is disposed on the first supporting seat 22. More specifically, the first supporting seat 22 is configured with a receiving cavity (not labeled), and the transmission mechanism 23 is disposed in the receiving cavity. Further, positioning plates 221 are disposed at two opposite sides of the accommodating cavity, and the piston rods 2421 of the two opposite air pump assemblies 24 are slidably disposed through the positioning plates 221.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the basic idea of the present invention is to drive a plurality of air pump assemblies 24 by a single motor to provide a lower-cost basic respiratory support for a plurality of patients, so that it is desirable to provide services to a larger number of patients to the extent possible. Therefore, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, preferably, a plurality of transmission mechanisms 23 may be further connected in series to the motor output shaft 2121 of the driving motor 212 through a transmission shaft 2122, and each transmission mechanism 23 is in transmission connection with two opposite air pump assemblies 24. However, in the transmission mechanism 23 of the present invention, when a plurality of air pump assemblies 24 are connected in series, if the plurality of air pump assemblies 24 are synchronously in the air supply stroke, the load of the driving motor 212 becomes large, and there is still a problem of operation stability even if a large-power motor is used, and for this reason, it is preferable that the initial positions of the cams 231 of the plurality of transmission mechanisms 23 are different. In this way, the plurality of air pump assemblies 24 alternately enter the intake and exhaust strokes during actual driving, so that the load is balanced, and stable motor output can be realized.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medical ventilator, comprising:

a drive mechanism;

2. The medical ventilator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one-way air inlets are oppositely disposed in two, and at least one of the one-way air inlets is connected to the oxygen source.

3. The medical ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the connecting pipeline comprises an inhalation pipeline and an exhalation branch pipe connected to the inhalation pipeline, and the end of the exhalation branch pipe is connected with an end-expiratory positive pressure valve device.

4. The medical ventilator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the positive end-expiratory pressure valve device comprises a water container, a connector is arranged at an opening of the water container, and an expiratory connector connected to the expiratory branch pipe and an air outlet for exhausting air are arranged on the connector; the water container is filled with a preset amount of water, the part of the joint positioned in the water container is provided with an exhaust port, and an exhaust hose extending to the position below the liquid level is connected to the exhaust port; the improved air flow valve is characterized in that a flow valve is further arranged at the top of the joint body and comprises a valve body and a valve core arranged in the valve body, a valve block capable of lifting under the action of the expiratory air flow is arranged in the valve core, the top of the valve body is constructed into an upper cover, a top cover is arranged on the upper cover, a supporting plate is arranged in the upper cover, a limiting block is arranged on the supporting plate in a pressed mode, and a scale extending out of the top cover is arranged on the limiting block in a following mode.

5. The medical respirator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cam comprises a cam body, at least a hollow part is constructed at the tip of the cam body, and the hollow part is provided with a pin shaft; the transmission frame is provided with a sliding groove along the length direction of the transmission frame, and the pin shaft is positioned in the sliding groove.

6. The medical ventilator of claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor base and a driving motor disposed on the motor base, and the driving motor is a stepping motor.

7. The medical ventilator of claim 1, further comprising a first support base, wherein the transmission mechanism is disposed on the first support base.

8. The medical ventilator of claim 1, wherein the first supporting base is configured with a receiving cavity, and the transmission mechanism is disposed in the receiving cavity.

9. The medical ventilator as claimed in claim 8, wherein positioning plates are disposed at two opposite sides of the accommodating chamber, and the piston rods of the two opposite air pump assemblies are slidably disposed through the positioning plates.

10. The medical ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the output shaft of the driving motor is connected in series with a plurality of transmission mechanisms through a transmission shaft, and each transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with two opposite air pump assemblies.