WO2018033225A1

WO2018033225A1 - Pneumatic control device

Info

Publication number: WO2018033225A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/000230
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans-Ullrich Hansmann; Karsten Hiltawsky
Original assignee: Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA
Priority date: 2016-08-15
Filing date: 2017-02-17
Publication date: 2018-02-22
Also published as: DE102016009836A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a pneumatic control device (1) comprising a control pressure chamber (2) having a first diaphragm element (3) forming at least one part of a wall of the control pressure chamber (2), a pump device (4) fluidically connected to the control pressure chamber (2) for generating a control pressure in the control pressure chamber (2), a first pressure chamber (5) having a first opening (6), a first connection line element (60) fluidically connected to the first opening, and a closure element (7) connected to the first diaphragm element (3) for opening and closing the first opening (6), wherein the closure element (7) is controlled via the first diaphragm element (3) by means of the control pressure, wherein the pump device (4) has a high-frequency pump (40) with a pump frequency of at least 600 Hz. The invention provides a pneumatic control device that is simply constructed and permits a quick controlling of pneumatic controller elements.

Description

Pneumatic control device

The invention relates to a pneumatic control device comprising a control pressure chamber having a first diaphragm member forming at least a portion of a wall of the control ^¬ pressure chamber, one with the control pressure chamber fluidkommu- nizierend associated pumping device for generating a STEU ^¬ erdrucks in the control pressure chamber, a first pressure chamber comprising a first opening, having a fluid-communicatively connected with the first opening first connection line element and one end connected to the first membrane element closing ^element for opening and closing the first opening, wherein the closure element is controlled by the first diaphragm member by means of the control pressure.

Fast drives for pneumatic components are needed to quickly control fluid flows. The control can be done for example by means of a valve, a pressure resistor or by means of another pneumatic component. A fast control of these pneumatic components has previously been effected by means of electric drives or by means of slow pumps in combination with pressure tanks, which have a fast relief valve.

Known electric drives for pneumatic control devices can be controlled very quickly with short switching times and delays by means of electromagnetic systems.

The disadvantage here is that the systems are complex and the transition of force from an electromagnetic system via a slide, piston or plunger must be selectively transferred to a pneumatic switching element, which may be, for example, a valve plate, a crater or a cone. If the pneumatic system has a large cross section,

CONFIRMATION COPY Accordingly, large electric drives are required because the required force is proportional to the pressure and the surface.

In known pneumatic actuators for control systems pneumati ^¬ shear diaphragm or piston pumps with up to 100 Hz are used. In order to prevent transmission of the pressure surges of the diaphragm or piston pumps to the pneumatic control elements, a pressure tank is first pressurized with the diaphragm or piston pump. The pressure tank is connected to the control element via a line. By means of a relief valve on the pressure tank, the pressure in the system can be modulated. In this way, the pneumatic control element can be controlled by means of the modulated pressure surges. The pressure surge can be delivered flat on the control. Disadvantageous in these systems is the large compliance, which is defined as the ratio of the total volume to the changed volume at the control element. Due to the great compliance on the one hand, the switching speed limits, as pressure changes propagate at the speed of sound through the pressure tank and then only affect the control element. On the other hand, the large volume of the pressure tank tends to vibrations that are in the range of system frequencies. This complicates the Rege ^¬ development of the pneumatic control.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device which is simple in construction and allows rapid control of pneumatic control elements.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

In a pneumatic control device comprising a control pressure chamber having a first membrane element which forms at least part of a wall of the control pressure chamber, a fluidkommunizierend connected to the control pressure chamber pump device for generating a control pressure in the control ^¬ pressure chamber, a first pressure chamber comprising a first opening, a fluidkommunizierend with the first opening ver ^¬ bundenes first connection line element and one end connected to the ers ^¬ th membrane element shutter member for opening and comprises closing the first opening, the closing ^element is controlled Ver on the first diaphragm member by means of the STEU ^¬ erdrucks, the invention provides that the pumping device has a high-frequency pump having a pumping frequency of at least 600 Hz.

The invention has recognized that when using pumping devices that operate at a frequency above 600 Hz, pneumatic control devices can be controlled very quickly. The pump frequency of the high-frequency pumps may preferably be at least 1000 Hz, more preferably at least 5000 Hz, more preferably at least 10000 Hz, more preferably at least 15000 Hz, more preferably at least 20000 Hz, more preferably at least 22000 Hz.

The pneumatic control device controls a fluid flow by means of the control pressure, which presses the closure element via the first membrane element either on the first opening and then closes or pull away from the first opening and the first opening opens. A fluid flow can thus flow between the first pressure chamber through the first opening into the first connection line element. In this case, the first opening is arranged between the closure element and the first connection line element. The closure element thus does not block the connection between the first opening and the connection line element.

High-frequency pumps can continue to be built very small, so they move only a small volume by means of a pump surge. As by means of the pneumatic control devices in the Usually only small volumes have to be moved, the pressure tank, which is required in conventional pump devices known from the prior art, can be dispensed with. This reduces the compliance of the system. The entire system can thus be much simpler, smaller and lighter designed ^¬ than the previously.

Since the total volume of the pumping device is much smaller than in the prior art, the high frequency pump has a low compliance. Furthermore, the pumping frequencies of the high-frequency pumps are at least 600 Hz outside the system frequencies, which are between 0.1 Hz and 500 Hz. This will not amplify vibrations based on system frequencies.

Another advantage is that the pneumatic control device has a low energy consumption, since only small volumes are moved with the high-frequency pump.

Advantageously, the high frequency pump is designed as a piezo pump. Piezo pumps have the advantage that they are very small and can be operated with low energy consumption. Furthermore, piezo pumps are able to achieve very high pumping frequencies in the range of several kilohertz. In particular, piezo pumps can be operated with frequencies outside the hearing threshold, so that the operation of the pneumatic control device for people is not audible.

Further, it is expedient if the high-frequency pump is designed as a two-way pump. In a two-way pump, the flow of the fluid to be pumped can be in two directions. On the one hand in the pumping direction and on the other in the opposite direction. The flow direction in the high-frequency pump designed as a two-way pump is determined only by the strength of the pumping process. Are the pressure conditions on the two-way pump such that the pressure caused by the pump in the pumping direction is less than that Pressure of the fluid against the pumping direction, the fluid flows against the pumping direction through the two-way pump. If the pressure in the pumping direction is greater than the external pressure conditions, a flow in the pumping direction is effected.

A two-way pump is that no valve is ^¬ Untitled Benö to change the pressure in the control pressure chamber to advantage. It is sufficient to control the two-way pump so that the fluid flows either into the control pressure chamber or out of the control pressure chamber.

Advantageously, the first membrane element is formed integrally with the closure element. The first membrane element in this case comprises the closure element. The first opening is thus closed by means of the first membrane element. In this case, the first membrane element superimposed on the first opening, so that the entire cross-sectional area of the first opening is covered gas-tight by the membrane element. When the control pressure in the control pressure chamber is configured such that the first membrane element is pulled away from the first opening, the first opening is opened by the withdrawal of the first membrane element and the closure element integrally formed therewith by the control pressure. This has the advantage that closing the first opening can be effected in a simple manner. In this embodiment, components are saved, whereby the cost can be reduced.

Advantageously, the first membrane element is connected in an alternative embodiment via a connecting element with the closure element. The connecting element may be formed, for example, as a rod which is connected at one end to the first membrane element. The other end of the rod is then connected to the closure element. A movement of the first membrane element becomes in this case transmitted via the connecting element to the closure element. By means of the connecting element forces can be transmitted over long distances from the first membrane element to the closure element. The control pressure chamber and the first membrane element can therefore be arranged at any point in the pneumatic control device. This increases the flexibility of the structure and favors the arrangement of the high-frequency pump on the pneumatic control device.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the pumping device pumps from the environment into the control pressure chamber. In this case, the pumping device generates a higher pressure in the control pressure chamber than in the environment when it is pumping. Above all, the goal in this case is to generate a higher pressure in relation to the first membrane element within the control pressure chamber than outside the control pressure chamber. If an increase in pressure takes place in the control pressure chamber and no pressure change takes place in the remainder of the pneumatic control device, the first membrane element which forms at least part of a wall of the control pressure chamber is pressed out of the control pressure chamber.

In an alternative embodiment, the pumping device may advantageously pump from the control pressure chamber into the environment. In this case, the pressure in the control pressure chamber is reduced relative to the environment. Otherwise, if the pressure conditions in the pneumatic control device do not change, the first diaphragm element is pulled into the control pressure chamber by reducing the pressure in the control pressure chamber. In this case, the first membrane element is pressed by the external pressure, which is then greater than the pressure within the control pressure chamber, in the control pressure chamber.

Between the first pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber is advantageously arranged, wherein a second membrane element, which is connected to the closure element forms a common wall between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, wherein the first membrane element delimits the control pressure chamber to the environment. Based on the situation that the pumping device is switched off, wherein a pressure equalization takes place between the control pressure chamber and the surroundings, no force acts on the first membrane element accordingly. The opening state of the closure element is defined in this case, first, by the pressure difference between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, which acts on the second membrane element. The opening state of the closure element can be further changed by the control pressure. Depending on whether the pumping device pumps into the control pressure chamber or out of the control pressure chamber, the closure element can be moved by means of the first membrane element and thus the opening state of the closure element can be changed.

Advantageously, the first connection line element has a restriction element and is connected in a fluid-communicating manner via a branch line to the second pressure chamber. The restriction element is arranged between the branch line and the first connection line element ^' . The restriction element effects a pressure separation between the first connection line element and the branch line. Without the restriction element, a pressure equalization would take place due to the branch line between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber when the closure element is in the open state, since the first connection line element is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the first pressure chamber via the first opening. The restriction member causes a pressure difference to arise between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber when a fluid flows through the first lead member. When a fluid flows from the first connection line element into the first pressure chamber, the fluid flow at the restriction member stowed. On the side of the restriction member facing the first pressure chamber, the pressure is then lower than on the side of the restriction member facing away from the first pressure chamber.

This prevails in the branch line and in the two ^¬ th pressure chamber, a higher pressure than in the first connecting line item and in the first pressure chamber. When the fluid of the first pressure chamber from the first connection line ^¬ element flows out, the fluid is jammed in the first connecting line element and thus in the first pressure chamber due to the restriction ^¬ elements. As a result, a higher pressure is created in this case with existing fluid flow in the first pressure chamber than in the second pressure chamber. In this way, when the fluid flow and the first opening are open, a "default" pressure difference can be established between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber.

Expediently, the first pressure chamber alternatively or additionally has a second opening with a second connection line element, wherein the second connection line element has a restriction element and is connected in fluid communication with the second pressure chamber via a branch line. The restriction element is arranged between the branch line and the second connection line element. The restriction element in this case causes a pressure drop between the branch line and the second connection line element. With existing fluid flow, there is thus a pressure difference between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber. In this case as well, a "default" pressure state can be established in the first pressure chamber of the second pressure chamber, if there is a fluid flow Opening is always open. However, a second closure element may be provided. Through the second opening so that a fluid can freely in the first pressure chamber into or flow out of the first pressure chamber also when no Verschlus ^¬ selement is present at the second opening.

Furthermore, advantageously, a branch line can connect the first opening in fluid communication with the control pressure chamber via the first connection line element, the pump device pumping from the branch line into the control pressure chamber. With open first opening can thus take place via the branch line pressure equalization between the first pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber. If the pumping device pumps from the branch line into the control pressure chamber, the pressure in the control pressure chamber is increased, so that the first membrane element is pushed out of the control pressure chamber. Thus, the state of the closure element is changed, wherein the first opening is closed by the closure element. In this way, the state of the closure element and thus the opening state of the first opening of the pneumatic control device can be controlled as a function of the pressure in the first connection line element.

A branch line can advantageously connect the first pressure chamber in fluid communication with the control pressure chamber, the pump device pumping from the control pressure chamber into the branch line. Thus, a pressure equalization between the first pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber takes place when the pumping device is not pumping. If the pumping device pumps from the control pressure chamber into the branch line, the pressure in the control pressure chamber is reduced, so that the first membrane element is pressed into the control pressure chamber. As a result, the opening state of the closure element is changed. The opening state of the closure element can thus be controlled as a function of the pressure in the first pressure chamber. It may further advantageously be a spring element connected to the first membrane element, wherein at least one Fe derkraftkomponente of the spring element is aligned perpendicular to an upper surface ^{¬ of} the first membrane element. In this way, the deflection of the first diaphragm element is defined based on the relationship between the force of the control pressure and the force of the spring element. Since the deflection of the spring element from the deflection of the first membrane member from ^¬ depends, the opening state of the shutter element in function of the deflection of the f th membrane element can be controlled by the control pressure.

The invention relates to an inhalation valve comprising a pneu matic control device according to the foregoing descrip tion.

Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhalation valve comprising a pneumatic control device according to the preceding description.

The invention further relates to a proportional valve comprising a pneumatic control device according to the foregoing description.

The invention further relates to a pressure resistor comprising a pneumatic control device according to the preceding description.

The invention further relates to a pressure reducer comprising a pneumatic control device according to the preceding description.

The invention further relates to a respiratory device comprising a patient interface, an inhalation valve according to the preceding description, which is connected in fluid communication with the ventilator and the patient interface, an exhalation valve according to the preceding description, as connected in fluid communication with the patient interface , wherein a pressure sensor at the patient interface is attached ^¬ belongs, transmitted to the pressure state signals to a control unit, wherein the control unit controls the exhalation valve steu ^¬ ert.

Advantageously, the ventilator comprises an anesthesia ^¬ unit which is connected in fluid communication with the inhalation valve.

Further, the invention relates to a blower filter device comprising a blower unit having a Ansaugöff and a blowout, a filter unit, which is fluid communicating with the suction port and a user interface parts with an inhalation port, which is connected in fluid communication with the blowout comprises, wherein the blower filter device between the suction and exhalation has a pneumatic ^¬ cal control device according to the foregoing description of the invention.

The invention further relates to a gas mixing device comprising at least two mixed gas sources, a mixed with the mixing ^¬ gas sources fluidly communicating mixed gas line where ^¬ between at least one mixed gas source and the mixed gas line, a proportional valve according to the foregoing description of the subject invention fluidkommunizierend connected.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawing with reference to an advantageous embodiment. Show it

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a pneumatic control device;

Figure 2a-d is a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device in the overpressure mode; a schematic sectional view of two-way high-frequency pump; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device in the vacuum mode; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device in the back pressure mode; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device in pre-printing mode; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device with connecting element; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device with spring element; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device with spring element and flapper valve; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device with a plurality of chambers in pre-printing mode; a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device with a plurality of chambers in the back pressure mode; schematic sectional views of various embodiments of the closure member and the first opening; schematic representations of a blower filter device with user interface; a schematic representation of a ventilator with patient interface; Figure 15a, b are schematic representations of arrangements balancing of static (a) and dynamic (b) pressure resistances; and

Figure 16a, b are schematic representations of a gas mixing device.

In the following description of a pneumatic STEU ^¬ ervorrichtung is referred to with the reference mark. 1 According to FIG. 1, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a housing 11, a pump device 4, a first connecting line element 60 and a second connecting line element 80.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the pumping device 4 sucks in air from the environment and pumps it into the pneumatic control device 1. The pumped by the pumping device 4 in the pneumatic control device 1 volume can be discharged by means of a relief valve 49 from the pneumatic control device 1.

The pneumatic control device 1 has as a pumping device 4, a high-frequency pump, which operates at a pumping frequency of at least 600 Hz. As a result, the pumping volume of the pumping device 4 can be very small, so that the compliance of the entire system is also small. It is therefore not required a high pass in the form of a pressure tank, the

Balances pump frequencies, which are located at the system frequencies between 0.1 Hz and 500 Hz.

2 shows a schematic sectional view of a pneumatic control device 1, which has a two-way high-frequency pump 40 in the pump device 4 instead of a relief valve 49.

A two-way high-frequency pump 40 has, according to FIG. 3, a first two-way passage opening 53 and a second two-way passage opening 53. Path passage opening 54 which are connected by a two-way channel 52. In the two-way channel 52, a pump opening 51 is further arranged, which connects the two-way channel 52 with a pump chamber 58. In the pump chamber 58, a pump membrane element 63 is arranged, which oscillates at a high frequency and generates pump surges by the change in volume of the pump chamber 58. The surge pulses may act through the pump port 51 into the two-way channel 52 and cause flow through the second two-way port 54.

In the embodiments, instead of a two-way high frequency pump 40, a high frequency pump may be provided in combination with a relief valve 49 which equalizes the pressure between the communication chamber 13 and the control pressure chamber 2 when the high frequency pump is off.

The pumping device 4 may include more than a two-way high-frequency pump 40. The two-way high-frequency pumps 40 can be designed as a stack of series-connected two-way high-frequency pumps 40. In this case, the first two-way high-frequency pump 40 of the stack pumps from the environment into the first two-way passage opening 53 of the second two-way high-frequency pump 40. The second two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps into the first two-way passage opening 53 of the third two-way high-frequency pump 40. The last two-way high-frequency pump 40 then pumps into the control pressure chamber 2. By means of the stack formation, the pump pressures of several two-way high-frequency pumps ^' 40 can be summarized.

Alternatively, a plurality of parallel-connected two-way high-frequency pumps 40 may be present in the pumping device 4. In this way, higher pressures can be achieved by the high-frequency pumps 40 connected in parallel than with a two-way high-frequency pump 40. The flow through the pumping port 51, which is directed out of the pumping chamber 58, is further directed to the second two-way passage opening 54. That is, a pumping ^¬ shock, which is generated by a reduction of the volume of Pumpenkam ^¬ mer 58, is directed through the pump opening directly on the second two-way port. In this case, the flow between the pumping port 51 and the second two-way passage opening 54 entrains the fluid in the two-way passage 52, so that a flow from the first two-way passage opening 53 to the second two-way passage opening 54 is produced. As the volume of the pumping chamber 58 increases, the fluid from the two-way passage 52 is drawn into the pumping chamber 58 through the pumping port 51. In this case, air is drawn into the pump chamber 52 from the two-way passage 52.

The pump opening 51 is arranged so far away from the second two-way passage opening 54 that only a small proportion of fluid through the second two-way passage opening 54 into the two-way passage 52 through the pump opening 51 into the pump chamber 58 flows. The greater part of the fluid is drawn from the first two-way passage 53 through the two-way passage 52 and the pump port 51 into the pump chamber 58. When the two-way high-frequency pump 40 is turned off, there is no directional flow generated in the two-way channel 52, which is generated by the pumping device 4. Rather, between the first two-way port 53 and the second two-port port 54 is a free flow path through the two-way channel 52, which may be directed in both directions. It can thus take place between the first two-way passage opening 53 and the second two-way passage opening 54, a pressure equalization. Therefore, a relief valve 49 is no longer needed. In FIG. 2 a, the two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps from the environment into a control pressure chamber 2. The arrow with the reference numeral 41 indicates the control flow direction with which a fluid flow from the pump device 4 is represented. In FIG. 2 a, the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 is thus increased by means of the pump device 4.

A first membrane element 3 forms a wall of the control pressure chamber 2. The first membrane element 3 is further connected to a closing element 7 Ver. The closure element 7 is designed to close or open a first opening 6 of a first pressure chamber 5. The first opening 6 may have a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm. The chosen one

Diameter of the first opening 6 depends on the form with which the pneumatic control device 1 operates.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2a, due to the increased pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, the first membrane element 3 is pushed out of the control pressure chamber 2, i. that the first membrane element 3 is deflected thereby, by the surface of the first membrane element 3 bulges out or

bulges. In this case, the closure element 7 is pressed onto the first opening 6 and closes the first opening 6.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 a, a pressure source is connected to the first connecting line element 60. This is represented by the arrow 9, which marks the pump flow direction. The pressure generated by the pressure source at the first opening 6 is not sufficient to compensate for the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, which is generated by the pumping device 4. Therefore, the closure member 7 closes the first opening 6 until the

Pumping device 4 generates a control pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, whose force on the first membrane element 3 is smaller is the force generated by the pressure source on the first membrane element 3.

The first pressure chamber 5 further has a second opening 8 which is connected to a second connecting line element 80 verbun ^¬ . The second connection line element 80 may be connected to other pneumatic components or provide an outlet to the environment. As long as the ^{Verschlussele ¬} ment 7 closes the first opening 6, no fluid flows through the second opening 80th

FIG. 2 b shows the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2 a, with the two-way high-frequency pump 40 being switched off. That is, the two-way high frequency pump 40 forms an open fluid communicating connection between the control pressure chamber 2 and the environment. That is, between the control pressure chamber 2 and the environment, a pressure equalization takes place, so that in the control pressure chamber 2 ambient pressure prevails. The pressure in the first connecting line element 60 is now greater than the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, which acts on the membrane element 7. Therefore, the membrane element 3 is ^pressed with the Ver ^¬ closing ^element 7 in the control pressure chamber 2, so that the closure element 7, the first opening 6 opens.

In this case, the first opening 6 and the second opening 8 are connected to each other in a fluid-communicating manner via the first pressure chamber 5, so that a fluid can flow from the first opening 6 to the second opening 8. This is indicated by the arrow 10, which represents the Durchlassflussrichtung. The pneumatic control device 1 is now open

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2c, the pneumatic control device 1 is identical to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2a. Only the pressure source is in this case on the second connection line element 80 fluidly communicating connected. This is indicated by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction.

Figure 2d shows the opened state of the pneumatic STEU ^¬ ervorrichtung 1, in which the two-way radio frequency pump is off 40th The closure element 7 is ^' in the open state, so that the first opening 6 is opened. In this case, a fluid from the second opening 8 through the first

Pressure chamber 5 to flow to the first opening 6.

The pneumatic control device 1 according to FIGS. 2 a - d can be designed as a proportional valve 100. Depending on how much the pumping device 4 pumps, i. E. How large the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, the distance between the closure member 7 and the first opening 6 can be controlled. At small distances, only a small flow of fluid can flow from the first opening 6 to the second opening 8. At a large distance, i. at a small control pressure, a large fluid flow can flow between the first opening 6 and the second opening 8. With the proportional valve 100, the pressure resistance at the first opening 6 is kept constant.

Figure 4a shows a pneumatic control device 1 with a housing 11 in which a control pressure chamber 2 is arranged. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3, which is connected to a closure element 7. Next is in the control pressure chamber 2 a

Pump device 40 is arranged, which can establish a negative pressure in the control pressure chamber 2. For this purpose, the pump device 40 comprises a two-way high-frequency pump 40, which sucks in fluid from the control pressure chamber 2 and pumps it into the environment. Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 has a first pressure chamber 5 with a first opening 6. The first opening 6 can be closed by the closure element 7. At the First port 6, a first connection line element 60 is arranged.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 a, a vacuum source is connected in a fluid-communicating manner to the first connecting line element 60. This is represented by the arrow 9 indicating the pump flow direction. When the negative pressure source is switched on, a negative pressure prevails at the first opening 6 relative to the control pressure chamber 2. Therefore, when the pumping device 4 is switched off, the closure element 7 is pressed onto the first opening 6.

In Figure 4b, the pumping device 4 is turned on, which is represented by the arrow 41 indicating the direction of control flow. This creates a negative pressure in the control pressure chamber 2. The pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 is thus much smaller or at least as great as the pressure at the first opening 6. Since a higher pressure prevails in the first pressure chamber 5 than in the control pressure chamber 2, if the

Pumping device 4 generates a negative pressure, the first membrane element 3 is pressed into the control pressure chamber 2. Since the first membrane element 3 is connected to the closure element 7, the closure element 7 is moved away from the first opening 6. As a result, the first opening 6 is opened. The closure element 7 is thus in the open state. Furthermore, the second opening 8 is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the first opening 6 so that a fluid flow can flow from the second opening 8 to the first opening 6. Arrow 10 represents the flow direction.

The embodiment of Figures 4a and 4b can be used as a pressure resistor 101. In this case, the distance between the closure element 7 and the first opening 6 can be controlled via the size of the negative pressure in the control pressure chamber 2. be. Depending on the size of this distance, a larger o of the smaller fluid flow from the second opening 8 to the ers th opening 6 to flow. When used as Druckwiderstan 101, is regulated to a constant flow resistance. This flow resistance adjusts itself between the first opening 6 and the closure element 7.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the pneumatic control ^¬ device 1, which is controlled as a function of the back pressure. In this case, the back pressure is defined as the pressure which is established in the fluid flowing out of the pneumatic control device 1. Accordingly, the pre-pressure is defined as the pressure which is established when flowing into the pneumatic control device 1. If, as shown in Figure 5a shown with open closure element 7, the fluid flows from the second opening 8 to the first opening 6, prevails at the second opening 8 and the voltage associated with the second Publ 8 first pressure chamber 5 of the pre-pressure state. At the first opening 6 and the associated first connection line element 60, the backpressure prevails.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5a initially comprises the same elements as the embodiment according to FIG. 2a. Next, a pressure source to the second Anschlußleitungsele element 80 is connected.

In addition to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 a, the embodiment according to FIG. 5 a comprises a connecting chamber 13, from which the pump device 4 takes a fluid during a pumping operation and pumps it into the control pressure chamber 2. The pumping device 4 thus pumps from the connecting chamber 13 in the control pressure chamber. 2 Furthermore, the connection chamber 13 is connected via a connection opening 14 to a branch line element 12, which has a fluid-communicating connection to the first connection line element 60. By way of the branch line element 12, pressure equalization between the first connection line element 60 or the first opening 6 and the connection chamber 13 can thus take place. In the connecting chamber 13 thus prevails the back pressure.

Next pumps so that the pumping device 4 of the branch line element 12 in the control pressure chamber 2. As long as the

Pumping device 4 is turned on, there is a higher pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 than in the first pressure chamber 5 and the first opening 6. Therefore, the first membrane element 3 is pressed with the closure element 7 on the first opening 6 and closes the first opening. 6

As soon as the pump device 4, which has a two-way high-frequency pump 40, is switched off, an open fluid-communicating connection is established between the control pressure chamber 2 and the connection chamber 13. Between the connecting chamber 13 and the control pressure chamber 2 can thus take place pressure equalization, so that adjusts the back pressure in the control pressure chamber 2. Thus, in the control pressure chamber 2, the same pressure prevails as at the first opening 6 or as at the first connection line element 60.

Since the admission pressure in the first pressure chamber 5 due to the pressure source, which is connected to the second connection line element 80, is greater than the back pressure, the first membrane element 3 is pressed with the closure element 7 into the control pressure chamber 2. The closure element 7 is thus offset in the open state, so that the first opening 6 is opened. This can flow between the second opening Publ 8 and the first opening 6, a fluid. FIG. 5b shows an embodiment which comprises the same elements as the embodiment according to FIG. 5a. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 5 a, a vacuum source is connected to the first connecting line ^element 60. At the second connection line element 80, no pressure source is connected. By means of the vacuum source, a negative pressure relative to the first pressure chamber 5 is produced in the first connection line element 60 and thus at the first opening 6. Since the first connecting line element 60 is connected to the connecting chamber 13 via the branch line element 12, a pressure equalization between the control pressure chamber 2 and the first connecting line element 60 occurs when the pumping device is switched off, ie when the two-way high-frequency pump 40 is switched off the branch line 12 made a negative pressure by means of the vacuum source. Since a higher pressure prevails in the first pressure chamber 5 than in the control pressure chamber, then the first membrane element 3 with the closure element 7 is pressed into the control pressure chamber 2. Thus, the first opening 6 is opened. It may then flow from the second opening 8, a fluid to the first opening 6. The closure element 7 is in the opening state.

As soon as the pumping device 4 begins to pump, the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 is increased. Thus, the first membrane element 3 is again pushed out of the control pressure chamber 2, so that the closure element 7 again lays on the opening 6 and closes it. This embodiment is also controlled by means of a function of the back pressure.

FIGS. 5a and 5b thus show an underpressure-controlled pressure resistor 102. In this case, the opening state of the closure element 7 or the distance between the closure element and the closure selement 7 and the first opening 6 depending on the back pressure controlled. Depending on the size of the back pressure, the two-way high-frequency pump 40 can pump only a certain volume in the control pressure chamber 2. If there is a slight underpressure, the control pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 will also be lower than if a higher back pressure prevailed. With a lower back pressure so that the distance between the closure member 7 and the first opening 6 is increased because the first membrane element 3 is pushed deeper into the control pressure chamber 2 by the lower control pressure 2, resulting from the lower back pressure than at a higher pressure.

The embodiment according to FIG. 6a comprises a pneumatic control device 1 with a housing 11, in which a control pressure chamber 2 and a first pressure chamber 5 are provided. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3, which in this embodiment is at the same time a wall of the first pressure chamber 5. A closure element 7 is connected to the first membrane element 3. The closure element 7 is designed to open and close a first opening 6 of the first pressure chamber 5. At the first opening 6, a first connecting line element 60 is further connected in a manner that communicates in a fluid-communicating manner. At the connection line element 60 further pneumatic components can be connected. Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a pump device 4, which has a two-way high-frequency pump 40. In this case, the two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps from the control pressure chamber 2 into a connection chamber 13. The connection chamber 13 is connected to a second connection line element 80 by means of a branch line element 12, which is connected via a connection opening 14 to a connection chamber 13 second connection line element 80 is connected in fluid communication with a second opening 8 of the first pressure chamber 5. Between The first pressure chamber 5 and the control pressure chamber 2 can take place there ^¬ with a switched off two-way high-frequency pump 40, a pressure compensation.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6a, a pressure source is connected to the second connecting line element 80, as shown by the arrow 9, which indicates the pump flow direction. When the two-way high-frequency pump 40 is switched off, the same pressure arises in the first pressure chamber 5 and in the control pressure chamber 2. This pressure is greater than the pressure at the first opening 6 and the first connection line element 60. Therefore, the first membrane element 3 is pressed out of the control pressure chamber 2 in the region of the first opening 6 and thus the closure element 7 is pressed onto the first opening 6. Thus, the closure element 7 in the closed state and closes the first opening. 6

The embodiment according to FIG. 6b has the same elements as the embodiment according to FIG. 6a. In contrast, no pressure source is provided on the second connecting line element 80. Instead, a negative pressure source is provided on the first connection line element 60, as represented by the arrow 9 indicating the pump flow direction. When the pumping device 4 or two-way high-frequency pump 40 is switched off, a pressure equalization will take place between the first pressure chamber and the control pressure chamber 2. Since a negative pressure prevails at the first opening 6 due to the negative pressure source, the closure element 7 is pressed onto the first opening 6 by the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2. The first opening 6 is thus closed by the closure element 7. When the two-way high-frequency pump 40 starts pumping, the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 is reduced. A pressure equalization between the control pressure chamber 2 and the first pressure chamber 5 is therefore not anymore. Due to the reduction of the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, the first membrane element 3 is pressed into the control pressure chamber 2 due to the pressure in the first pressure chamber 5. Thus, the closure element 7 is moved away from the ers ^¬ th opening 6. The first opening 6 is thus geöff ^¬ net. The closure element 7 is in the opening state.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 6a and 6b are controlled as a function of the admission pressure. A change in the form causes a change in the control pressure in the control pressure chamber 2, since the two-way high-frequency pump 40 must pump at a low pressure against a low pressure in the connecting chamber 13 and pump at a high pressure against a high pressure in the connecting chamber 13 got to. At high inlet pressure therefore is at the same Pumpfre ^acid sequence, a higher pressure as a rule at a low inlet pressure in the control pressure chamber. 2 The distance between the closure element 7 and the first opening 6 will therefore be changed only insignificantly with a change in the form, since at the same time an increase in the admission pressure an increase in the control pressure takes place. Likewise, with a reduction of the admission pressure in the first pressure chamber 5, a reduction of the control pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 will take place.

The embodiment according to FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b can thus represent a pre-pressure-regulated pressure resistor 103.

Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a housing 11 in which a control pressure chamber 2 is arranged. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3. Further, a pump device 4 is arranged at the control pressure chamber 2, which has a two-way high-frequency pump 40. The pumping device 4 pumps from the environment into the control pressure chamber 2. Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a first pressure chamber 5, which has a first opening 6. The first opening 6 can be opened and closed by a closure element 7. The closure element 7 is connected to a connecting element 15. The connecting element 15 connects the closure element 7 with the first Membranele ^¬ ment 3. The closure element 15 is formed in this embodiment as a piston which is fixed with an end piece to the closure member 7 and spaced from the ^¬ sem end connected to the membrane element 3 , In this case, the opposite end of the piston may be connected to the first membrane element 3 or a portion of the piston, which is spaced from this opposite end of the piston. The connecting element 15 is guided in a guide element 17, so that a movement of the first Memb ^¬ ranelementes 3 causes a guided movement of the connecting element 15. The connecting element 15 can be guided by a plurality of guide elements 17 in order to provide a more stable guidance of the connecting element 15.

The pneumatic control device 1 further has a second pressure chamber 19. A wall of the second pressure chamber 19 is formed by the first membrane element 3. The second pressure chamber 19 and the control pressure chamber 2 are arranged on different sides of the first membrane element 3 and are gas-tightly separated from each other within the housing 11.

Further, the second pressure chamber 19 is connected in fluid communication with the first opening 6. In addition, the second pressure chamber 19 comprises a leakage opening 16, 19 avoided at too high pressures in the second pressure chamber overpressure conditions that can lead to damage of the second pressure chamber 19 or the first membrane element 3. The leakage opening 16 has the smallest possible diameter. This diameter is between 0.5 mm to 3 mm. In the present embodiment, the diameter is 2 mm.

The pneumatic control device 1 further comprises a first connection line element 60, which is connected in fluid communication with the first opening 6. The connection line element 60 is arranged at a third opening 23 of the second pressure chamber 19. The fluid-communicating connection with the first opening 6 is formed by the second pressure chamber 19 and the third opening 23.

The first pressure chamber 5 comprises a second opening 8, which is connected in fluid communication with a second connection line element 80. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, a pressure source, which is represented by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction, is connected to the second connecting line element 80. The pressure source produces an overpressure in the first pressure chamber 5.

As long as the pumping device 4 is turned off, a pressure equalization can take place between the environment and the control pressure chamber 2. Furthermore, ambient pressure prevails in the second pressure chamber 19, as long as the closure element 7 closes the first opening 6. Since the same pressure prevails on both sides of the first membrane element 3, no force acts on the first membrane element 3 which displaces or bulges the membrane element 3 relative to the control pressure chamber 2 and the second pressure chamber 19. However, since an overpressure prevails in the first pressure chamber 5, the closure element 7 is pressed by the overpressure onto the first opening 6 and closes the first opening 6. The closure element 7 is arranged in the first pressure chamber 5. The connecting element 15 extends through the second pressure chamber 19 to the membrane element 3. When switching on the two-way high-frequency pump 40, a pressure increase is effected in the control pressure chamber 2. Due to the pressure increase, the first membrane element 3 is pressed out of the control pressure chamber 2 and bulges out of the control pressure chamber 2.

By means of the connecting element 15, the movement of the first membrane element 3 is transmitted to the closure element 7. The closure element 7 is thereby moved away from the first opening 6 and opens the first opening 6. As soon as the first opening 6 is opened, a fluid can flow to the first opening 6 through the second opening 8. From the first opening 6, the fluid flows through the second pressure chamber 19 to the third opening 23. In order that the pressure in the second pressure chamber 19 does not rise too high, the fluid is additionally discharged via the leakage opening 16 into the environment. However, most of the fluid flows out of the second pressure chamber 19 through the third port 23.

The arrangement according to FIG. 7 can be designed as a proportional valve or pressure reducer 104. With the proportional valve or pressure reducer 104, a simple modulation of ventilation pressures on a ventilator can be made. In this case, the second opening 8 is constructed as small as possible. The pressure drop at the pneumatic control device 1 in this embodiment should be at most 350 mbar at 100 rpm.

FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment. The pneumatic control device 1 comprises a housing 11, in which a control pressure chamber 2 is arranged. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3. Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a pump device 4, which is a two-way high-frequency pump 40 has. The two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps from the environment into the control pressure chamber 2.

Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a first pressure chamber 5 which has a first opening 6 and a second opening 8. The first opening 6 can be opened by a Verschlus ^¬ selement 7 and sealed. The closure element 7 is connected to the first membrane element 3 via a connecting element 15. The connecting ^element 15 thereby extends through the control pressure chamber 2.

Further, the connecting element 15 is guided by guide elements 17. The connecting element 15 can therefore be moved only in the guided by the guide elements 17 movement. The guide takes place in such a way that the closure element 7 can be moved away from the first opening 6 or towards the first opening 6.

Between the control pressure chamber 2 and the first pressure chamber 5, a holding piece 24 is provided, that the closure element 7 is centered on the first opening 6. Next, the holding piece 24 is used to separate the first pressure chamber 5 from the control pressure chamber 2 within the housing 11 gas-tight. Depending on a portion of a single wall or different walls of the control pressure chamber 2 is thus formed by the first membrane element 3 and the retaining piece 24 in conjunction with the closure element 7.

The first membrane element 3 is further connected to a spring element 18. The spring element 18 is arranged outside the control pressure chamber 2 and is supported in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 on a wall of the housing 11. The force of the spring element 18 is directed so that it can move the connecting element 15 along the guide elements 17 via the membrane element 3. Furthermore, a connecting line element 60 is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the first opening 6. Furthermore, a leakage opening 16 is connected in fluid communication with the first opening 6 and the first connection line element 60. The leak ^¬ opening 16 serves to secure against a non-tightly closing closure element 7. If no flow is removed at the connecting line element 60, already led a small leakage of the closure element 7 to a pressure increase in the connecting line element 60 to the pressure on the second Connecting line element 80 is present. With the leakage opening 16, therefore, the operating point of the pneumatic control device 1 can be adjusted.

A pressure source is connected to the second connecting line element 80 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, as shown by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction. The closure element 7 is in the closed state and closes the first opening 6. The closure element 7 is thereby pressed by the spring element 18 onto the first opening 6 via the connecting element 15 and the first membrane element 3.

As soon as the pumping device 4 begins to pump, the pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 increases. The pressure in the control pressure chamber 2 exerts a force on the first membrane element 3, which counteracts the force of the spring element 18.

As a result, the first membrane element 3 is pressed out of the control pressure chamber 2, wherein the spring element 18 is tensioned. Due to the movement of the first membrane element 3, the closure element 7 is lifted off the first opening 6 via the connecting element 15, so that the first opening 6 is opened. It is now possible for a fluid to flow from the second opening 8 through the first opening 6 and through the first connecting line. element 60 flow. If the pressure after the first opening 6 should be too large, the pressure is reduced via the leakage opening 16.

The distance of the closure element 7 from the first opening 6 can be controlled by the pumping intensity of the two-way high-frequency pump 40. The more strongly the two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps, the further the closure element 7 can be lifted off the first opening 6. Accordingly, more fluid can flow through the first opening 6. In this way, a proportional valve 105 can be constructed.

Another embodiment of a proportional valve 106 is shown in FIG. The pneumatic control device 1 comprises a housing 11 with a control pressure chamber 2. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3. Next, a pump device 4 with a two-way high ^¬ frequency pump 40 is present at the pneumatic control ^¬ device. The pumping device 4 pumps from the environment into the control pressure chamber 2.

The pneumatic control device 1 further has a first pressure chamber 5. One wall of the first pressure chamber 5 is formed as at ^¬ by the first diaphragm member. 3

Furthermore, the first pressure chamber 5 has a first opening 6. The first opening 6 can be closed by a closure element 7. The closure element 7 is connected to the first membrane element 3 via a connecting element 15. In this embodiment, the closure element 7 is pushed laterally onto the first opening 6 in order to open or close the first opening 6. In this case, a movement of the first membrane element 3 is transmitted via the connecting element 15 to the closure element 7. In this case, an end portion of the connecting member 15 with the ers ^¬ th membrane element 3 is connected. The other end of the Ver ^¬ binding element 15 is connected to a spring element 18 which is supported on a wall of the housing 11.

The connecting piece 15 is guided via guide elements 17. The guide of the connecting element 15 is such that the shutter member 7 ^¬ can be pushed laterally from the first opening 6 away. That is, the connecting element 15 extends through the first pressure chamber 5.

Next, this means that the connecting element 15 6 ^¬ tet is rich in a plane parallel to the plane of the first opening. In the relaxed state, the spring element 18 pushes the closure element 7 away from the first opening 6. The first opening 6 is then opened. Once in the control pressure chamber 2, the pressure is increased by means of the pumping device 4, the first membrane element 3 from the control pressure chamber 2 is herausge ^¬ suppressed. In this case, the first diaphragm member 3 presses the Federele ^¬ element 18 together. The closure element 7 shifts so over the connection with the connecting element 15 that it is pushed over the first opening 6. The first opening 6 is thereby closed.

The first pressure chamber 5 further includes a second opening 8 which is connected to a second fluidkommunizierend Anschlusslei ^¬ processing element 80th At the second Anschlußlei ^¬ processing element 80, a pressure source is connected, which is indicated by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction.

Furthermore, a first connecting line element 60 is provided in fluid communication with the first opening 6. Fluid communicating with the first connection line element 60, a leakage opening 16 is provided. When the closure element 7 in Opening state, flows from the second opening 8, a flow idid flow to the first opening. 6

FIG. 10 shows a pressure-controlled proportional valve 107. The pressure-controlled proportional valve 107 includes a pneumatic control device 1 with a Ge ^¬ housing 11. In the housing, a control pressure chamber 2 angeord ^¬ net. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3. The first membrane element 3 delimits the control pressure chamber 2 from the environment. That is, on the side of the first membrane element 3, which is arranged outside of the control pressure chamber 2, ümgebungsdruck prevails. For providing the ambient pressure, an ambient air opening 23 is provided.

At the control pressure chamber 2, a pumping device 4 is further arranged with a two-way high-frequency pump 40. The two-way high-frequency pump 40 pumps from the environment into the control pressure chamber 2.

The pneumatic control device 1 further comprises a first pressure chamber 5 with a first opening 6 and a second opening 8. The first opening 6 can be closed by means of a closure element 7. The closure element 7 is connected to the first membrane element 3 via a connecting element 15. A deflection of the first membrane element 3 from the control pressure chamber 2 also transfers the closure element 7 of the closure state in the open state. A movement of the first membrane element 3 in the control pressure chamber 2 in, transferred the closure element in the closed state of the first opening. 6

Furthermore, the closure element 7 is connected to a second membrane element 22. The second membrane element 22 forms at least a portion of a wall of the first pressure chamber 5. Between the control pressure chamber 2 and the first pressure chamber 5, a second pressure chamber 19 is arranged. In this case, the second membrane element 22 forms at least a portion of a wall of the second pressure chamber 19. The second membrane element 22 is thus formed between the first pressure chamber and the second pressure ^¬ chamber. Further, the second diaphragm member forms in combination with the closure element 7 is within the Ge ^¬ häuses 11 gas-tight separation between the first pressure chamber 5 and the second pressure chamber nineteenth

Between the second pressure chamber 19 and the control pressure chamber 2, a further wall is provided with a guide element 17 ^' for the connecting element 15. By the guide member 17, no gas exchange between the control pressure chamber 2 and the second pressure chamber 19 take place.

The second pressure chamber 19 is connected via a branch line 12 to the first opening 6. In this case, a restriction element 21 is provided between the Abzwei ^¬ slide 12 and the first opening 6. Further, the first opening 6 comprises a fluid-communicating connection to the first Anschlussleitungsele ^¬ ment 60. The branching unit 12 branches off from the first case to ^¬ circuit line element 60 and extends fluidkommuni- ornamental to the second pressure chamber nineteenth

According to FIG. 10, a pressure source, which is indicated by the arrow 9, which is connected to the first connecting line element 60. represents the pump flow direction.

If the pumping device 4 is turned off, a pressure equalization can take place between the environment and the control pressure chamber 2. In the control pressure chamber 2 then ambient pressure is present, so that no force acts on the first membrane element 3 from the control pressure chamber 2 addition. When the pressure source is switched on at the first connection line element 60, the restriction element 21, which has a pressure difference at the ^{branch line} 12 and the first opening 6, is effected. The fluid stream coming from the pressure source out ^¬ is jammed at the restriction element 21st Therefore, at the side of the restriction member 21 facing to the pressure source, there is a higher pressure than at the side of the restriction member 21 facing away from the pressure source.

Since the second pressure chamber 19 via the branch line 12 has a fluid-communicating connection to the side of the restriction ^¬ element 21, which points to the pressure source prevails in the second pressure chamber 19, a higher pressure than at the first opening 6. Furthermore, there is also a higher pressure in the second pressure chamber 19 than in the first pressure chamber 5. Therefore, the shutter member 7 is pressed by the second diaphragm member 22 on the first opening 6 and closes the first opening. 6

When switching on the pumping device 4, the pressure in the control pressure chamber is increased relative to the environment. Therefore, the first membrane element 3 is pressed out of the control pressure chamber 2. If the force which the first membrane element 3 transmits to the closure element 7 by means of the connection ^piece 15 is greater than the force which is exerted by the pressure in the second pressure chamber 19 on the second membrane element 22, the closure element 7 becomes from the first Opening 6 lifted so that the first opening 6 is opened. Then, the fluid can flow from the first opening 6 to the second opening 8 into the second connection line element 80. If the pressure in the first pressure chamber should become too high, the first pressure chamber 5 has a leakage opening 16. Through the leakage opening 16, an overpressure in the first pressure chamber 5 can be reduced. 11 shows a rear-pressure-controlled proportional valve 108. The rear-pressure-controlled proportional valve 108 comprises a pneumatic control ^device 1, which has a housing 11. In the housing 11, a control pressure chamber 2 is arranged. A wall of the control pressure chamber 2 is formed by a first membrane element 3. Further, the control pressure chamber 2 comprises a pumping device 4 with a two-way high-frequency pump 40, which pumps from the control ^¬ pressure chamber 2 into the environment. The pumping device 4 can therefore generate a negative pressure in the control pressure chamber 2.

Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 has a first pressure chamber 5. The first pressure chamber 5 comprises a first opening 6, which can be opened or closed by means of a closure element 7. In this case, the closure element 7 is connected via a connecting element 15 with the first membrane element 3. A movement of the first membrane element 3 is transmitted to the closure element 7 by means of the connecting element 15.

The closure element 7 is supported on a holding piece 24, which allows a flexible movement of the closure element 7. The holding piece 24 connects the Verschlus selement 7 with the housing 11th

Furthermore, the holding piece 24, in conjunction with the closure element 7, separates the first pressure chamber 5 from a second pressure chamber 19 in a gas-tight manner within the housing. In this case, the first pressure chamber 5 is connected via a second opening 8, on which a second connecting line element 80 is arranged, via a branch line element 12 to the second pressure chamber 19. idkommunizierend connected. Between the branch line element 12 and the first opening 8, a restriction element 21 is arranged.

The second membrane element 22 further defines the second pressure ^¬ chamber 19 against a third pressure chamber 20 from gas-tight, which is limited by the first membrane element 3 to the control pressure chamber 2 out. The third pressure chamber 20 is thus arranged between the second pressure chamber 19 and the control pressure chamber 2. The third pressure chamber 20 comprises an ambient air opening 23. Therefore, ambient pressure prevails in the third pressure chamber 20.

If a negative pressure source is now connected to the second connecting line element 80, as represented by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction, a negative pressure is established in the second pressure chamber 19 relative to the ambient pressure. As a result, the second membrane element 22 is pressed into the second pressure chamber 19.

Like the first membrane element 3, the second membrane element 22 is further connected to the closure element 7 via the connection element 15. A movement of the second membrane element 22 is transferred to the closure element 7, so that the closure element 7 can be actuated by a movement of the first membrane element 3 or the second membrane element 22 in order to open or close the first opening 6.

In order to open the first opening 6, the closure element must be moved away from the first opening 6. This can be done by Be actuation of the pumping device 4 by a negative pressure is established in the control pressure chamber 2. Since there is 20 atmospheric pressure in the third pressure chamber, the first membrane element 3 is pressed into the control pressure chamber 2 as soon as possible the force acting on the first membrane element 3 in the control pressure chamber 2 is greater than the force acting on the second membrane element 22 in the second pressure chamber 19 out ^¬ . As soon as this force is greater, the first opening 6 opens, since the closure element 7 is moved away from the first opening 6. In this case, the closure element 7 is guided by means of the connecting element 15 on guide elements 17, so that the movement of the closure element 7 is clearly defined.

Due to the restriction element 21, a higher pressure than in the second pressure chamber 19 will occur in the first pressure chamber 5 even when the first opening 6 is open. This ensures that when switching off the pump device 4 and a pressure balancing of the control pressure chamber 2 with the order ^¬ gebung the first opening 6 by the closing element 7 is closed ver ^¬ is ensured.

In this way, the proportional valve 108 is controlled as a function of the back pressure. If through the first connecting cable element 60 less fluid through the first opening 6 in the first pressure chamber 5 flows, will build up due to the residual ^¬ riktionselementes 21 in the second pressure chamber 19, a size ^¬ rer negative pressure, so that the second diaphragm member 22 further into the second pressure chamber 19 is pressed.

This reduces the distance between the closure element 7 and the first opening 6. As a result, less fluid can flow through the opening 6.

Furthermore, the pneumatic control device 1 comprises a leakage opening 16 as a safeguard against excess pressures in the first pressure chamber 5.

FIGS. 12a to 12c show various shapes of closure elements and embodiments of first openings 6. In Figure 12a, the first opening 6 comprises a valve crater 61 on which a valve plate is set to ^¬ as a closure element 7 70th The space between the valve plate 70 and the valve crater 61 is gas-tightly closed when the Ven ^¬ tilplatte 70 the valve 61 completely covers the crater. From the opening 6 so that no fluid can flow through.

In Figure 12b, another embodiment of a Verschlus ^¬ selementes 7 is shown. Instead of a valve plate 70 to ^¬ summarizes the closure element 7 a flap member 72 which is arranged on a hinge member 73 and connected to it. The flap element 72 is rotatably mounted about the hinge element 73. Furthermore, the flap element 72 rests on a valve crater 61 at the first opening 6. The closure element 7 seals the opening 6 gas-tight.

FIG. 12 c shows a further embodiment of the first opening 6 and the closure element 7. The first opening 6 is designed as a funnel element 62. Furthermore, the closure element 7 is designed as a cone element 71. The Konu ^¬ selement 71 is thereby pushed to close the first opening 6 in the funnel element 62. During the A ^¬ pushing the cone member 71 in the funnel member 62, the inside diameter of the first opening 6 continues verklei nert ^¬. As a result, less and less fluid can flow through the first opening 6 until the cone element 71 touches the funnel element 62 and completely closes the clear width of the first opening 6. In this case, no fluid can flow out through the first opening 6.

FIG. 13a shows a ventilator 109. The ventilator comprises a fan filter device 33. The blower filter device 33 has an inlet opening 66 and an outlet opening 65. Above the inlet opening 66 is a blower unit 35 arranged, which blows from the ambient air into the inlet opening 66. Between the ambient air and the fan unit 35, a filter unit 34 is interposed. This ensures that the fan unit 35 blows only ge ^¬ filtered air through the fan filter unit 33 to the output opening ^¬ 65th

The outlet opening 65 is connected in a fluid-communicating manner via a hose 32 to a face mask 31. By means of a pressure resistor 101 having a pneumatic control device 1, the gas flow from the blower unit 35 to the face mask 31 can be controlled.

The control is effected by means of a control unit 26. The control unit 26 is connected via a control signal line 29 to the pumping device 4 of the pneumatic control device 1 of the pressure resistor 101. The control unit 26 controls how much the pumping device 4 pumps.

The control unit 26 ^controls' doing as much air into the face mask 31 into flows. The inflowing air can be inhaled by a user of the face mask 31. To exhale, the face mask 31 includes an exhalation port 48 through which the exhaled air of the user flows.

Further, a pressure sensor 28 is arranged on the face mask 31, which detects the pressure within the face mask 31 or in the volume between the face mask 31 and the face of the user, wherein the face mask 31 seals this volume to the outside gas-tight. By means of the detected pressure, the control unit 26 can adjust the pressure resistor 101 accordingly, so that a comfortable gas flow for the user flows into the face mask 31. FIG. 13b shows an alternative embodiment of the ventilator 109. The tube 32 starts from a gas sampling connection 74, which is connected to a wall element 69. The gas extraction port 74 broadens pressurized gas that is provided to the wearer of the face mask 31.

Instead of a breathing port 48, a proportional valve 100 is provided, which is connected by means of a control signal line 29 to the control unit 26.

Further, a flow sensor 75 is disposed between the tube 32 and the face mask 31 in the inspiratory section. The flow sensor 75 detects the gas flow from the hose 32 to the face mask 31.

The proportional valve 100 is thereby actively controlled by the control unit 26 in accordance with the user's inhalation and exhalation cycle determined by the flow sensor 75. The proportional valve 100 serves to make the exhalation of the air out of the face mask 31 more pleasant.

FIG. 13c shows a further alternative embodiment of the ventilator 109. In contrast to FIG. 13 a, this embodiment comprises, instead of a blower filter device 33, a compressed gas source 36, which may be designed in the form of a gas cylinder and is connected to the hose 32. The wearer of the face mask 31 thus receives its breathing air from the compressed gas source 36.

Furthermore, the embodiment according to FIG. 13 c does not include a proportional valve or pressure reducer 104. The respiratory gas can thus flow unhindered into the face mask 31 from the compressed gas source 36. Between the tube 32 and the face mask 31, a flow sensor 75 is connected, which is further coupled fluidkommunizie- rend with a proportional valve 100, which serves as exhalation valve. The flow sensor 75 detects in this embodiment, the gas flow between the pressurized gas source 36 and the face mask 31 and the gas flow between the face mask 31 and the proportional valve 100. The flow sensor 75 is there ^¬ arranged with both the inspiratory and the expiratory section. This further increases the comfort of ventilation.

The proportional valve 100 is further connected to a control signal line 29 to the control unit 6 and 20 and is controlled by the control unit 26 on the basis of the data recorded by the flow sensor 75.

FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a ventilator 109. The ventilator 109 comprises a blower unit 35, which is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with a patient interface 25 via a hose 32. The blower unit 35 blows breathing air into a patient interface 25 through the tube 32. The patient interface 25 can be a nasal mask. A volume is enclosed between the patient's face and the patient interface 25. The contact point between the patient interface 25 and the face of the patient is gas-tight, so that no gas can escape from the volume at the contact point.

In the volume between the patient interface 25 and the patient's face, an overpressure of 10 mbar is maintained by the ventilator 109.

Further, the blower unit 35 may include an anesthesia unit 110 which displaces the breathing air provided by the blower unit 35 with an anesthetic. Alternatively it is it is possible to use other compressed gas sources, as shown for example in Figures 13a to 13c.

In this embodiment, a valve in the form of a proportional valve or pressure reducer 104 is disposed with a pneuma ^¬ tables control device 1 between the fan unit 35 and the patient interface 25th By means of the proportional valve or pressure reducer 104, the gas flow from the blower unit 35 to the patient interface 25 can be controlled. In an alternative embodiment, the proportional valve or the pressure reducer 104 may be omitted. The breathing gas then flows unhindered through the tube 32 from the blower unit 35 into the patient interface 25.

At the patient interface 25 an exhalation valve in the form of a pressure reducer 100 'is further arranged. The pressure reducer 100 'is constructed like the proportional valve 100. Only the control is carried out with a constant back pressure. The control takes place by means of a control unit 26, which is connected via a control signal line 29 ^' to the pressure reducer 100'. With the pressure reducer 100 'can be dispensed with a passive expiratory opening, so that when inhaled, no gas can escape from a passive exhalation. As a result, the respirator 109 operates more efficiently and no passive exhalation must be flushed during inspiration to avoid C02 accumulation.

Further, the patient interface 25 includes a pressure sensor 28 that measures the pressure between the patient interface 25 and the face of the ventilated patient. The pressure sensor 28 is connected to the control unit 26 via a measuring signal line 30. The control unit 26 is powered by a power source 27 with energy. The energy source 27 may be a battery or a mains power connection. The respirator 109 according to FIG. 14, like the embodiments in FIGS. 13b and 13c, may have a flow sensor 75 (not shown in FIG. 14). The data of the flow sensor 75 are used to actively control the pressure reducer 100 '.

Since the exhalation valve can be actively controlled, it is possible to take certain parameters such as the respiratory rate, respiratory continuity and the regulator output to control it ^¬ and to generate from this basic characteristics or warnings. Furthermore, it is possible to estimate the volume flow over time and thus also to record ventilation parameters such as tidal volumes, flow peaks and the inspiratory expiratory ratio. Thus, the breathing resistance and patient compliance can be estimated.

FIG. 15 a shows a pump system 112, in which the total flow resistance is regulated to a constant value. Thus, a constant medium term operating point for a main pump 42 is provided. The main pump 42 is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with pneumatic elements 46 and volume units 44. Furthermore, a flow measuring device 45 is provided, which detects the flow in the fluid-communicating connection. The input to the system is formed by a filter 47. The main pump 42 sucks in air through the filter device 47. This is indicated by the arrow 9, which represents the pump flow direction. Between the filter device 47 and the main pump 42, a pressure resistor 101 is further provided with a pneumatic control device 1. The pressure resistor 101 is controlled by a control unit 43. For this purpose, the control unit 43 has a pressure sensor 28, which detects the pressure in the fluid-communicating connection between the filter device 47 and the main pump 42. In this way, a dynamic change in the total flow resistance of the Pumpensys ^¬ tems 112 may be regulated by means of the pressure resistor 101, so that a constant total ^¬ flow resistance is obtained.

In Figure 15b a platen ^¬ was represented 101 before the filtering means 47 in contrast to FIG 15a. The Fil ^¬ tereinrichtung 47 is arranged so that between the pressure resistor 101 and the main pump 42nd Otherwise, reference is made to the embodiment in Figure 15a.

With the control of the total flow resistance, a constant medium-term operating point for the main pump 42 is achieved to a constant value. The frequency of the main pump 42 remains largely stable.

Depending on the operating mode, several different total flow resistances can be set. Further, the modes of operation may be different flow ranges. Alternatively, further only certain frequency ranges can be avoided by the adjustable pressure resistor 101 adds an additional margin to the real pressure resistance.

It should also be noted that the operating point of the main pump 42 is dynamically controlled by the pressure of the delivered fluid at the aspirating side, i. is influenced on the side of the filter device 47. If necessary, sporadically occurring droplets within the suctioning line are also added. As a result of the outgassing, these droplets produce increased pressures which can lead to pressure and flow peaks. The droplets arise either by sucked liquid or by condensation in the line.

Such dynamic changes can not be compensated by the operating points of the main pump. They are for the pneumatic time constants of the system too fast. A balancing would lead to different pressure and flow peaks at ver ^¬ different points of the pneumatic system. The ge ^¬ sent arrangement of the adjustable pressure resistor 101 reduces the dynamic component or even regulates it, while pressure and flow peaks are avoided.

FIG. 16 a shows a gas mixing device 111. The gas mixing device 111 includes compressed gas sources 36, which may include different gases. The compressed gas sources 36 are connected in fluid communication with a pressure tank 53.

Between the pressure tank 53 and the compressed gas sources 36 are pressure sensors 28, pressure reducer 37, which may also be formed as adjustable pressure reducer 104, and proportional ^¬ valves 105 interposed.

The pressurized gas from a compressed gas source 36 is first fed via the pressure sensor 28 to the pressure reducer 37. By means of the pressure sensor 28, the pressure at the compressed gas source 36 can be determined.

After passing through the pressure reducer 37, the compressed gas has a lower pressure than at the compressed gas source 36. By means of the proportional valve 105, a specific gas flow can be produced. This gas flow is introduced into the pressure tank 53. By means of the proportional valve 105 can thus be produced a continuous gas flow.

In the prior art digitally switched valves are used, which have either an on or an off state. Over the length of the on and off states, which is produced by means of a pulse width modulation, the amount of introduced into the pressure tank 53 gas can be adjusted. The pressure tank 53 serves to filter out the on and off bumps pneumatically. The various gases are introduced with appropriate amounts in the pressure tank 53 and mixed there. A mixed gas line 52 leads out of the pressure tank 53. In the mixed gas line 53, the mixed gas is supplied, for example, to a Be ^¬ breathing device. In this case, the known pneumatic control elements such as further pressure sensors 28 which are connected to pressure resistors 38 and, for example, output valves 39 are provided.

FIG. 16b shows an embodiment of the gas mixing device 111, which does not require a pressure tank 53. In this alternative embodiment of the gas mixing device, a tankless gas mixing device 111 is shown.

Proportional valves 105 provide a continuous flow of gas that varies only in the magnitude of the gas flow. As a result, no pressure surges of digitally switched valves must be collected. The gas can thus be passed directly into the mixed gas line 52 and mixed there with the other compressed gases. The construction of the tankless gas mixing device III is thus simpler than in the prior art and can be further regulated without much effort. For this purpose, only the openings of the proportional valve 105 must be adjusted to change the mixing gas ratio.

The first pressure chamber 5 may be formed as a pre-pressure chamber. In this case, the fluid flow flows through the second opening into the first pressure chamber and can then flow out of the first pressure chamber when opening the first opening 6.

Alternatively, the first pressure chamber may be formed as a rear pressure chamber. The fluid flow flows when opened first opening 6 through the first opening 6 into the first pressure chamber 5 and out of the second opening 8 from the first pressure chamber addition.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Pneumatic control device Control pressure chamber

first membrane element

pumping device

first pressure chamber

first opening

closure element

second opening

Pump flow direction

Passage flow direction

casing

Branch circuit element

connecting chamber

connecting opening

connecting member

leakage opening

guide element

spring element

Second pressure chamber

Third pressure chamber

restriction element

Second membrane element

Ambient air port

holding piece

Patient Interface

control unit

energy

pressure sensor

Control signal line

Measuring signal line

face mask

tube PAPR

filter unit

blower unit

Compressed gas source

pressure reducer

Measuring pressure resistance

outlet valve

Two-way radio frequency pump

Control flow direction

Main pump element

control unit

unit volume

Flow meter

pneumatic elements

filtering device

exhalation

relief valve

Piezo crystal

pumping port

Two-way channel

first two-way passage opening second two-way passage opening housing

frequency generator

signal line

Pump chamber wall element

cover

first connecting element crater element

funnel member

Pump diaphragm element

coupling element

entrance opening

output port

ischgasleitungselement pressure tank

wall element

Valve plate element

cone element

flap element

Scharnierelernent

Gasentnähmeanschluss

Flow sensor

second connection line element

Valve

pressure resistance

Back pressure regulated pressure resistance

Pre-pressure regulated pressure resistance

Proportional valve / pressure reducer

proportional valve

Form pressure controlled proportional valve

Back pressure controlled proportional valve

ventilator

anesthesia unit

Gas mixing device

pump system

Claims

claims

Pneumatic control device comprising a control ^¬ pressure chamber (2) which has a first diaphragm member (3) on ^¬ forming at least a portion of a wall of the control pressure chamber (2), one with the control pressure chamber (2) fluidkommunizierend associated pumping device (4) for generating a control pressure in the control pressure chamber (2), a first pressure chamber (5) comprising a first opening (6), a first connection line element (60) connected in a fluid communication with the first opening and a closure element (7) connected to the first membrane element (3) ) for opening and closing the first opening (6), the closure element (7) being controlled via the first membrane element (3) by means of the control pressure, characterized in that the pumping device (4) comprises a high - frequency pump (40) with a pumping frequency of at least 600 Hz.

Pneumatic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-frequency pump (40) is designed as a piezo pump.

Pneumatic control device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-frequency pump (40) is designed as a two-way pump.

Pneumatic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first membrane element (3) is formed integrally with the closure element (7).

Pneumatic control device according to one of claims to 4, characterized in that the first Membranel element (3) via a connecting element (15) with the Ver ^{¬ closing} element (7) is connected.

Pneumatic control device according to one of claims to 6, characterized in that the pumping device (4) pumps from the control pressure chamber (2) into the environment.

Pneumatic control device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pumping device

(4) from the environment in the control pressure chamber (2) pumps.

Pneumatic control device according to any one of the preceding ^¬ claims, characterized in that between the first pressure chamber (5) and the control pressure chamber (2) a second pressure chamber (19) is arranged, wherein a second with the shutter member (7) connected to the membrane element (22) a common wall between the first pressure chamber

(5) and the second pressure chamber (19) forms, wherein the first membrane element (3) delimits the control pressure chamber (2) to the environment.

Pneumatic control device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the first connecting line element (60) has a restriction element (21) and is connected via a branch line (12) to the second pressure chamber (19) in a fluid-communicating manner, the restriction element (21) being connected between the Branch line (12) and the first connection line element (60) is arranged.

Pneumatic control device according to claim 8, characterized in that the first pressure chamber (5) has a second opening (8) with a second connection line element (80), wherein the second connection line element (60) has a restriction element (21) and fluidly communicating via a branch line (12) with the second pressure chamber (19), the restriction element (21) being arranged between the branch line (12) and the second connection line element (80).

Pneumatic control device according to one of Claims 7, characterized in that a branch line (12) connects the first opening (6) in fluid communication with the control pressure chamber (2) via the first connection line element (60), the pump device (4) being connected from the branch line (8). 12) in the control pressure chamber (2) pumps.

Pneumatic control device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a branch line (12) connects the first pressure chamber (5) in fluid communication with the control pressure chamber (2), wherein the pump device (4) from the control pressure chamber (2) into the branch line ( 12) pumps.

Pneumatic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a spring element (18) is connected to the first membrane element (3), wherein at least one spring force component of the Fe ^¬ derelements (18) is aligned perpendicular to a surface of the first membrane element (3) ,

Inhalation valve comprising a pneumatic control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

Exhalation valve comprising a pneumatic control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

Proportional valve comprising a pneumatic control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

17. Pressure resistor comprising a pneumatic Steuervor ^¬ direction (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

18. Pressure reducer comprising a pneumatic Steuervorrich ^¬ device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

19. A respirator comprising a patient interface

(25), an inhalation valve (100 ^λ ) according to claim 14, the fluid communicating with the ventilator (109) and the patient interface (25) is connected, an exhalation valve (100 ^{, Λ} ) according to claim 15, the fluid-communicating with the Patient interface (25) is connected, wherein a pressure sensor (28) on the patient interface (25) is arranged, which transmits pressure status signals to a control unit (26), wherein the control unit (26) controls the exhalation valve (100).

20. The ventilator according to claim 19, characterized in that the ventilator (109) has an anesthesia unit (110) which is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the inhalation valve (100 ^λ ).

A blower filter apparatus comprising a blower unit (35) having a suction port and a blowout port, a filter unit (34) fluidly communicating with the suction port, and a user interface (31) having an exhale port (48) fluidly communicating with the blowout port is, wherein the blower filter device (33) between the suction port and exhalation opening, a pneumatic control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

22. Gas mixing device comprising two mixed gas sources (36) and one with the mixed gas sources (36) fluidkommunizierend connected mixed gas line (42), wherein between at least one mixed gas source (36) and the mixed gas line (42) a proportional valve (104, 105, 106) according to claim 16 is connected in fluid communication.

A patient interface (25) for a ventilator, wherein the patient interface (25) is configured to include a volume between a patient's face and the patient interface (25)

and wherein the patient interface (25) further comprises an off ^¬ breathing valve in the form of a pressure reducer (100) according to claim 15.

Patient interface (25) for a ventilator according to claim 23, wherein the pressure reducer (100) via a control signal line (29) with a control unit (26) is connectable.

The patient interface (25) for a ventilator of claim 23, further comprising a pressure sensor (28) configured to measure a pressure between the patient interface (25) and the patient's face.

Patient interface (25) for a ventilator according to claim 25, wherein the pressure sensor (28) via a measuring signal line (30) with a control unit (26) is connectable.