CN112683673B - Snow-removing rolling brush mechanical property test experiment table and test method - Google Patents

Snow-removing rolling brush mechanical property test experiment table and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112683673B
CN112683673B CN202011519510.1A CN202011519510A CN112683673B CN 112683673 B CN112683673 B CN 112683673B CN 202011519510 A CN202011519510 A CN 202011519510A CN 112683673 B CN112683673 B CN 112683673B
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China
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rolling brush
adjusting
pressure
lifting
friction
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CN112683673A (en
Inventor
金向阳
白鹏程
巩雪
赵丽丽
常江
朱琳
于贵文
林晶
邓薇
许威
王宇洋
董静
王晶
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Harbin University of Commerce
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Harbin University of Commerce
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property test, in particular to a mechanical property test experiment table of a snow-removing rolling brush and a test method, wherein the mechanical property test experiment table of the snow-removing rolling brush comprises a lifting mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a test module, wherein the adjusting mechanism arranged on the lifting mechanism is provided with an adjustable clamping position for clamping the rolling brush, the rolling brush is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism, the test module is arranged at the bottom of the rolling brush, the transmission mechanism drives the rolling brush to rotate, the lifting mechanism drives the adjusting mechanism and the rolling brush to lift so that the rolling brush contacts the test module to generate pressure and friction force, and the test module acquires pressure and friction force data to obtain the mechanical property of the rolling brush; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the experiment table can realize performance measurement of the rolling brushes with different specifications under different speed states; the applicability is wide, and the operation is convenient; the device can test mechanical performance parameters generated by different types of rolling brushes, provides a basis for use, and improves the efficiency of snow cleaning work.

Description

Snow-removing rolling brush mechanical property test experiment table and test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing, in particular to a snow-removing rolling brush mechanical property testing experiment table and a testing method.
Background
The large-scale snow remover has the advantages that the large-scale snow remover is wide in national amplitude, the regional span is very large, snow can be reduced in about 70% of regions in winter, particularly in northeast and northwest climates in cold regions, the annual snow reduction period is more than 5 months, and if snow on the road surface is not cleaned in time after the snow reduction, great inconvenience is brought to the life of people, and the traffic safety is also influenced. Whether the ice and snow on the road surface after snow can be timely, efficiently and thoroughly removed becomes the primary problem which needs to be solved by related departments urgently.
Soft snow may become compacted hard snow and ice and snow mixture after the snowfall of ordinary road surface is crushed by pedestrians and vehicles; at heavy point positions such as main street, traffic nodes, slopes, bridges and culverts, due to repeated rolling friction of concentrated vehicle wheels, and the dripping water and tail gas heat of the exhaust pipe, snow on the road surface is repeatedly frozen and thawed, and the phenomenon of freezing and ice bag protrusion on the road is caused. At present, the equipment with higher snow removal efficiency on the market is mainly a rolling brush type snow removal vehicle, and the rolling brush suspended at the front end or the rear end of the vehicle is used for removing snow on the road area.
However, the snow-removing rolling brush has a single structure and the same manufacturing process, and has limited shearing and crushing effects on the ground, so that the snow-removing rolling brush cannot thoroughly clean different types of ice and snow adhered to the road surface.
Because the road surface snow is various, the density, humidity, coefficient of heat conductivity, compressive strength, hardness, shear strength, coefficient of friction etc. parameter of snow all is different. The brush silk material, the manufacturing process of brush silk arrangement structure, the cleaning effect of road surface snow can all be influenced to parameters such as snow removal round brush, consequently in order to test the cleaning effect of different category round brush, need test the performance of different category round brush with the help of professional test device, just so can be pointed to select different cleaning round brush to different category snow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a snow-removing rolling brush mechanical property test experiment table and a test method, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a snow removing round brush mechanical properties test experiment table, snow removing round brush mechanical properties test experiment table includes elevating system, adjustment mechanism, drive mechanism and test module, the adjustment mechanism who installs on elevating system is equipped with adjustable clamping position and is used for clamping round brush, round brush is connected with the drive mechanism transmission, test module sets up in the bottom of round brush, drive mechanism drives the round brush rotatory, elevating system drives adjustment mechanism and round brush lift so that round brush contact test module produces pressure and frictional force, test module gathers pressure and frictional force data, obtain the mechanical properties of round brush.
As a further scheme of the invention: the lifting mechanism comprises a base and two lifting brackets which are oppositely arranged on the base, wherein adjusting parts in transmission connection are respectively arranged on the two lifting brackets, two ends of the adjusting mechanism are connected with the adjusting parts, and the adjusting parts drive the adjusting mechanism to lift.
As a further scheme of the invention: the adjusting part comprises a lifting slide block, a lifting guide rail matched with the lifting slide block and a lifting screw rod, and the two lifting screw rods are in transmission connection through a gear set.
As still further aspects of the invention: the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting base, a bearing seat fixedly arranged on the adjusting base and a bearing seat movably arranged on the adjusting base, and an adjustable clamping position is formed between the two bearing seats.
As still further aspects of the invention: the transmission mechanism is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rolling brush clamped by the adjusting mechanism.
As still further aspects of the invention: the transmission mechanism comprises a motor, a coupler and a gearbox which are sequentially connected in a transmission mode, and the output end of the gearbox is connected with the rolling brush.
As still further aspects of the invention: the testing module comprises a friction force testing mechanism and a pressure testing mechanism which are respectively used for testing friction force and pressure generated by the rolling brush.
As still further aspects of the invention: the friction force testing mechanism comprises a friction plate, a friction table and a sensor, wherein the friction table is arranged on the lifting mechanism, the friction plate is arranged on the friction table and is connected with one end of the sensor, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the friction table.
As still further aspects of the invention: the pressure testing mechanism comprises a pressure testing plate, a bracket, a connecting rod sliding block and a sensor, wherein the pressure testing plate is arranged on the bracket; the rolling brush is driven by the lifting mechanism to contact with the pressure test plate, the pressure test plate is connected with the connecting rod through the revolute pair, the connecting rod is connected with the connecting rod sliding block through the shifting pair, and the connecting rod sliding block is connected with the sensor.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the mechanical property test method of the snow-removing rolling brush adopts any one of the mechanical property test experiment tables of the snow-removing rolling brush, and comprises the following steps: adjusting an adjusting mechanism according to the size of the rolling brush to clamp the rolling brush; the lifting mechanism drives the rolling brush to contact and squeeze the test module; and starting the transmission mechanism, adjusting the rotating speed, recording the acquisition value of the test module after the rotating speed is stable, and obtaining the pressure and friction force data of the rolling brush.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the experiment table can realize performance measurement of the rolling brush with different specifications under different speed states, and can realize performance measurement of the rolling brush in different bending states; the applicability is wide, and the operation is convenient; the mechanical performance parameters generated by the rolling brushes of different types can be tested, the working effects of the rolling brushes of different types can be judged, a use basis is provided for sanitation departments to use the rolling brushes of different types according to different roads, the efficiency of snow cleaning work is improved, manpower and energy consumption are saved, and the environment is protected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical property test experiment table of a snow removing rolling brush in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction force testing mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure testing mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings: 1. a transmission mechanism; 2. a lifting mechanism; 3. an adjusting mechanism; 4. a friction force testing mechanism; 5. a pressure testing mechanism; 6. a motor; 7. a coupling; 8. a gearbox; 9. a rolling brush; 10. a first bearing seat; 11. a second bearing seat; 12. adjusting the base; 13. a guide rail; 14. adjusting a screw rod; 15. a corrugated hand wheel; 16. a rolling brush bracket; 17. an adjusting slide block; 18. a hand wheel; 19. a transmission shaft; 20. bevel gears; 21. lifting a screw rod; 22. a lifting bracket; 23. a base; 24. a lifting slide block; 25. lifting the guide rail; 26. a friction plate; 27. a pull pressure sensor; 28. a friction table; 29. a pressure sensor; 30. a connecting rod; 31. a bracket; 32. a pressure test plate; 33. and a connecting rod sliding block.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present embodiments disclosed herein as detailed in the accompanying claims.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a mechanical performance test bench for a snow cleaning roller brush includes a lifting mechanism 2, an adjusting mechanism 3, a transmission mechanism 1 and a test module, wherein the adjusting mechanism 3 mounted on the lifting mechanism 2 is provided with an adjustable clamping position for clamping the roller brush 9, the roller brush is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism 1, the test module is disposed at the bottom of the roller brush 9, the transmission mechanism 1 drives the roller brush 9 to rotate, the lifting mechanism 2 drives the adjusting mechanism 3 and the roller brush 9 to lift so that the roller brush contacts the test module to generate pressure and friction force, and the test module acquires pressure and friction force data to obtain the mechanical performance of the roller brush 9.
Specifically, the test module includes friction force test mechanism 4 and pressure test mechanism 5, be used for respectively testing frictional force and the pressure that the round brush produced, install round brush 9 at adjustment mechanism 3 dress clamp position, adjust the length of dress clamp position and fix round brush 9, make round brush and friction force test mechanism 4 and the pressure test mechanism 5 of its below contact and form slight extrusion through elevating system's lift adjustment, afterwards, start drive mechanism 1, drive mechanism 1 drives round brush 9 rotatory, after the rotational speed is stable, gather the pressure and the frictional force data that the round brush produced through pressure test mechanism 5 and friction force test mechanism 4, carry out mechanical conversion through pressure and frictional force data and obtain the mechanical properties of round brush. The data of pressure and friction force generated by the rolling brush at different rotation speeds are tested by adjusting the rotation speed of the transmission mechanism. Therefore, the experiment table can realize the performance measurement of the rolling brush with different specifications under different speed states, and can realize the performance measurement of the rolling brush in different bending states; the applicability is wide, and the operation is convenient; the mechanical performance parameters generated by the rolling brushes of different types can be tested, the working effects of the rolling brushes of different types can be judged, a use basis is provided for sanitation departments to use the rolling brushes of different types according to different roads, the efficiency of snow cleaning work is improved, manpower and energy consumption are saved, and the environment is protected.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in another embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a base 23 and two lifting brackets 22 relatively mounted on the base 23, the two lifting brackets 22 are respectively provided with an adjusting component in transmission connection, two ends of the adjusting mechanism are connected with the adjusting component, and the adjusting component drives the adjusting mechanism to lift.
The adjusting part comprises a lifting slide block 24, a lifting guide rail 25 and a lifting screw rod 21, wherein the lifting guide rail 25 and the lifting screw rod 21 are matched with the lifting slide block 24, and the two lifting screw rods 21 are in transmission connection through a gear set. The gear set comprises a transmission shaft 19 with bearings at two ends arranged at the top of a lifting bracket 22, driven bevel gears arranged at two ends of the transmission shaft 19, and bevel gears 20 meshed with the driven bevel gears, wherein the bevel gears 20 are arranged on two lifting screw rods 21, and a hand wheel 18 is arranged at the top end of one lifting screw rod 21; the lifting screw rod 21 connected with the hand wheel 18 is driven to rotate by rotating the hand wheel 18, and the lifting screw rod drives the lifting slide block 24 matched with the lifting screw rod to move; meanwhile, the rotation of the lifting screw rod 21 connected with the hand wheel 18 drives the other lifting screw rod 21 to rotate through the bevel gear 20 and the transmission shaft 19, so as to drive the matched lifting slide block 24 to move; because the transmission ratio of the bevel gear 20 to the driven bevel gear is 1:1, the adjusting mechanism is synchronously driven to lift by the two lifting sliding blocks 24 under the guidance of the lifting guide rail 25.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes an adjusting base 12, a bearing seat fixedly mounted on the adjusting base 12, and a bearing seat movably mounted on the adjusting base, and an adjustable clamping position is formed between the two bearing seats.
Specifically, the two bearing seats are a first bearing seat 10 and a second bearing seat 11 respectively, the first bearing seat 10 is installed on a guide rail assembly through a rolling brush bracket 16, the guide rail assembly is arranged on an adjusting base 12, and the second bearing seat 11 is installed on the adjusting base 12 through the rolling brush bracket 16; the two ends of the adjusting base 12 are connected with lifting sliding blocks of a lifting mechanism. The guide rail assembly comprises an adjusting screw rod 14, a guide rail 13 arranged on the adjusting base 12 and an adjusting slide block 17 matched with the guide rail 13, wherein the adjusting slide block 17 is also in threaded fit with the adjusting screw rod 14, and a corrugated hand wheel 15 is arranged at the end part of the adjusting screw rod 14; the adjusting screw rod 14 is driven to rotate by rotating the corrugated hand wheel 15, and then the adjusting slide block 17 is driven to move, the rolling brush support 16 and the second bearing seat 11 mounted on the adjusting slide block 17 are driven to move by the movement of the adjusting slide block 17, so that the distance between the first bearing seat 10 and the second bearing seat 11 is adjusted, the length adjustment of the clamping position is realized, and the clamping of rolling brushes of different types is met.
Further, the transmission mechanism 1 is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rolling brush clamped by the adjusting mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism 1 includes a motor 6, a coupling 7 and a gearbox 8 which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner, and an output end of the gearbox is connected with a rolling brush 9.
During testing, the motor 6 is started, the rotating speed of the gearbox 8 is regulated, the position of the rolling brush to be tested is regulated and gradually reduced through the hand wheel 18, the rolling brush is gradually contacted with the pressure testing mechanism and the friction testing mechanism, the deformation of the rolling brush is measured, and the related data are recorded and collected; and (3) adjusting the rotating speed of the rolling brush, and repeating the above work to obtain the mechanical property test result of the rolling brush under the condition of different rotating speeds.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the friction force testing mechanism includes a friction plate 26, a friction table 28 and a sensor, the friction table 28 is installed on the lifting mechanism 2, the friction plate 26 is disposed on the friction table 28 and is connected with one end of the sensor, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the friction table 28; the sensor employs a pull pressure sensor 27.
The pressure testing mechanism comprises a pressure testing plate 32, a bracket 31, a connecting rod 30, a connecting rod sliding block 33 and a sensor, wherein the pressure testing plate 32 is arranged on the bracket 31; the rolling brush 9 is driven by the lifting mechanism 2 to contact with the pressure test plate 32, the pressure test plate 32 is connected with the connecting rod 30 through a revolute pair, the connecting rod 30 is connected with the connecting rod sliding block 33 through a shifting pair, and the connecting rod sliding block 33 is connected with the sensor; the sensor employs a pressure sensor 29.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, a mechanical performance test method for a snow cleaning roller brush, which adopts the mechanical performance test experiment table for a snow cleaning roller brush as described above, includes the following steps: adjusting an adjusting mechanism according to the size of the rolling brush to clamp the rolling brush; the lifting mechanism drives the rolling brush to contact and squeeze the test module; and starting the transmission mechanism, adjusting the rotating speed, recording the acquisition value of the test module after the rotating speed is stable, and obtaining the pressure and friction force data of the rolling brush.
The testing module comprises a friction force testing mechanism 4 and a pressure testing mechanism 5 which are respectively used for testing friction force and pressure generated by the rolling brush, and the specific steps are as follows: the rolling brush 9 is arranged at the clamping position of the adjusting mechanism 3, the length of the clamping position is adjusted to fix the rolling brush 9, the rolling brush is in contact with the friction force testing mechanism 4 and the pressure testing mechanism 5 below the rolling brush and forms slight extrusion through lifting adjustment of the lifting mechanism, then the transmission mechanism 1 is started, the transmission mechanism 1 drives the rolling brush 9 to rotate, after the rotating speed is stable, the pressure and friction force data generated by the rolling brush are collected through the pressure testing mechanism 5 and the friction force testing mechanism 4, and the mechanical property of the rolling brush is obtained through mechanical conversion of the pressure and the friction force data. The data of pressure and friction force generated by the rolling brush at different rotation speeds are tested by adjusting the rotation speed of the transmission mechanism. And according to the pressure and friction data acquired by measurement, the impact force and crushing force of the rolling brush on the ice and snow road surface and the distribution field of the corresponding stress are obtained.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the test module comprises a friction force test mechanism 4 and a pressure test mechanism 5, wherein the friction force test mechanism 4 and the pressure test mechanism 5 are respectively used for testing friction force and pressure generated by the rolling brush, the rolling brush 9 is installed at a clamping position of the adjusting mechanism 3, the length of the clamping position is adjusted to fix the rolling brush 9, the rolling brush is enabled to be in contact with the friction force test mechanism 4 and the pressure test mechanism 5 below the rolling brush through lifting adjustment of the lifting mechanism to form slight extrusion, then the transmission mechanism 1 is started, the transmission mechanism 1 drives the rolling brush 9 to rotate, after the rotating speed is stable, pressure and friction force data generated by the rolling brush are collected through the pressure test mechanism 5 and the friction force test mechanism 4, and mechanical properties of the rolling brush are obtained through mechanical conversion of the pressure and the friction force data. The data of pressure and friction force generated by the rolling brush at different rotation speeds are tested by adjusting the rotation speed of the transmission mechanism.
It should be noted that the motor, the pressure sensor and the pull pressure sensor adopted in the present invention are all applications of the prior art, and those skilled in the art can implement the desired functions according to the related descriptions, or implement the technical characteristics required to be completed through similar technologies, which will not be described in detail herein.
Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure. This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The mechanical property test experiment table is characterized by comprising a lifting mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a test module, wherein the adjusting mechanism arranged on the lifting mechanism is provided with an adjustable clamping position for clamping the rolling brush, the rolling brush is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism, the test module is arranged at the bottom of the rolling brush, the transmission mechanism drives the rolling brush to rotate, the lifting mechanism drives the adjusting mechanism and the rolling brush to lift so that the rolling brush contacts the test module to generate pressure and friction force, and the test module acquires pressure and friction force data to obtain the mechanical property of the rolling brush;
the testing module comprises a friction force testing mechanism and a pressure testing mechanism which are respectively used for testing friction force and pressure generated by the rolling brush, the friction force testing mechanism comprises a friction plate, a friction table and a sensor, the friction table is arranged on a base of the lifting mechanism, the friction plate is arranged on the friction table and is connected with one end of the sensor, the other end of the sensor is connected with the friction table, the pressure testing mechanism comprises a pressure testing plate, a support, a connecting rod sliding block and the sensor, and the pressure testing plate is arranged on the support; the rolling brush is driven by the lifting mechanism to contact with the pressure test plate, one end of the pressure test plate is connected with one end of the connecting rod through the revolute pair, the connecting rod is connected with the connecting rod sliding block through the shifting pair, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the sensor;
the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting base, a bearing seat fixedly arranged on the adjusting base and a bearing seat movably arranged on the adjusting base, and an adjustable clamping position is formed between the two bearing seats;
starting a transmission mechanism, driving the rolling brush to rotate by the transmission mechanism, collecting pressure and friction data generated by the rolling brush through a pressure testing mechanism and a friction testing mechanism after the rotating speed is stable, and carrying out mechanical conversion through the pressure and friction data to obtain the mechanical property of the rolling brush; the method comprises the steps of testing pressure and friction data generated by a rolling brush at different rotation speeds by adjusting the rotation speed of a transmission mechanism, and solving impact force and crushing force generated by the rolling brush on an ice and snow road surface and a distribution field of corresponding stress according to the pressure and friction data acquired by measurement;
the lifting mechanism comprises a base and two lifting brackets which are oppositely arranged on the base, wherein the two lifting brackets are respectively provided with an adjusting part in transmission connection, two ends of the adjusting mechanism are connected with the adjusting parts, and the adjusting parts drive the adjusting mechanism to lift;
the adjusting part comprises a lifting slide block, a lifting guide rail matched with the lifting slide block and a lifting screw rod, and the two lifting screw rods are in transmission connection through a gear set.
2. The mechanical property test experiment table of the snow removing rolling brush according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rolling brush clamped by the adjusting mechanism.
3. The mechanical property test experiment table of the snow removing rolling brush according to claim 2, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a motor, a coupling and a gearbox which are sequentially connected in a transmission way, and the output end of the gearbox is connected with the rolling brush.
4. A method for testing mechanical properties of a snow-removing rolling brush, which is characterized by adopting the mechanical property testing experiment table of the snow-removing rolling brush as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the following steps: adjusting an adjusting mechanism according to the size of the rolling brush to clamp the rolling brush; the lifting mechanism drives the rolling brush to contact and squeeze the test module; and starting the transmission mechanism, adjusting the rotating speed, recording the acquisition value of the test module after the rotating speed is stable, and obtaining the pressure and friction force data of the rolling brush.
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