CN112681476A - Rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112681476A CN112681476A CN202011471550.3A CN202011471550A CN112681476A CN 112681476 A CN112681476 A CN 112681476A CN 202011471550 A CN202011471550 A CN 202011471550A CN 112681476 A CN112681476 A CN 112681476A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and a construction method thereof, wherein a planting soil layer, a gravel layer and a pebble layer are sequentially filled in a foundation pit, and a drain pipe and a water guide pipe are embedded in the pebble layer, wherein the drain pipe is communicated with a municipal pipe network and is provided with a plurality of water inlet holes; the water guide pipe is connected with a water collecting tank positioned under the eave; the planting soil layer is used for planting various ornamental plants, the gravel layer and the pebble layer are used for filtering rainwater, and the rainwater is accumulated while guiding redundant rainwater to be discharged to a municipal pipe network, so that the normal growth of the ornamental plants is ensured; the invention reasonably arranges a small ecological circulating system by a plurality of functional layers, not only provides habitation for insects and other small animals, but also can improve the ornamental property of the garden, and can adjust the flow rate of rainwater entering a municipal pipe network, relieve urban waterlogging, recycle the rainwater and reduce the water consumption of the garden.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscaping, in particular to a rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and a construction method thereof.
Background
The green land plays an important role in urban greening as an artificial landscape, but in the prior art, the green land generally only consists of a single plant, and the biological diversity of the green land is limited; as urban landscapes are increasingly converged and their appreciation is limited, people usually add landscapes such as squares, fountains or artificial ponds, rivers and the like in order to improve the appreciation of green lands, but the landscapes do not have any ecological function and invade the habitats of small animals in cities. The smooth ground surface aggravates the speed of surface runoff convergence, finally causes urban waterlogging to influence the environment around the green land, and has poor flood control and flood discharge capacity
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of poor rainfall flood treatment capability, single landscape and poor biodiversity in the prior art, the invention discloses a rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and a construction method thereof.
A rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and a construction method thereof comprise a foundation pit, wherein a planting soil layer, a gravel layer and a pebble layer are sequentially filled in the foundation pit from top to bottom, a drain pipe is embedded in the pebble layer, one end of the drain pipe is communicated with a municipal official net, the other end of the drain pipe is sealed, and a plurality of water inlet holes are uniformly formed in the drain pipe; the pebble layer is further paved with a water guide pipe, and the inlet section of the water guide pipe is connected with a water collecting tank fixed on an eave.
Preferably, the planting soil layer is paved by brown soil, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 30-50 cm; the gravel layer is laid by coarse sand, and the thickness of the gravel layer is 15-30 cm.
Preferably, the pebble layer is paved by adopting cobbles with the grain diameter of 5-20mm, and the thickness of the pebble layer is 30-50 cm; and the cobblestones are laid in sequence from top to bottom according to the order of the particle size of the cobblestones from small to large.
Preferably, the elevation of the top surface of the planting soil layer is 10-20cm lower than the elevation of the ground where the planting soil layer is located, a buffer slope is arranged between the planting soil layer and the ground where the planting soil layer is located, and the gradient of the buffer slope is greater than 1: 5.
Preferably, the water collecting tank adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic water tank, the flow guide pipe adopts a galvanized steel pipe, and the drain pipe adopts a PVC pipe.
Preferably, the foundation pit is a stepped pit provided with 4 steps in total, and the steps shrink toward the central region from top to bottom.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a method for constructing the rainwater garden, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a water collecting tank on the building eave of the designated place according to the construction plan, and performing anti-seepage treatment on the mounted water collecting tank;
s2, installing a flow guide pipe at the lower end of the water collecting tank installed in the step S1, excavating a foundation pit for building a rainwater garden, burying the outlet end of the flow guide pipe at the bottom of the foundation pit, and tamping soil layers at the bottom and the edge of the foundation pit after the flow guide pipe is buried;
s3, pre-burying a drain pipe at the bottom of the foundation pit in the step S2, and communicating the drain pipe with a municipal pipe network; then paving a pebble layer, a gravel layer and a planting soil layer in sequence from bottom to top;
s4, planting various landscape plants in the planting soil layer of the step S3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention comprises a foundation pit, a gravel layer, a pebble layer, a drainage pipe and a water guide pipe, wherein a planting soil layer, the gravel layer and the pebble layer are sequentially filled in the foundation pit; the water guide pipe is connected with a water collecting tank positioned under the eave; the planting soil layer is used for planting various ornamental plants, the gravel layer and the pebble layer are used for filtering rainwater, and the rainwater is accumulated while guiding redundant rainwater to be discharged to a municipal pipe network, so that the normal growth of the ornamental plants is ensured;
the invention leads rainwater into the pebble layer through the water collecting tank and the water guide pipe, the redundant rainwater is discharged from the water discharge pipe, and part of the rainwater enters the gravel layer and is gradually immersed into the planting soil layer to supply the requirement for the normal growth of plants; the rainwater can be recycled, and the utilization efficiency of resources is improved;
the plant layer in the rainwater garden provides habitat for insects such as butterfly, dragonfly and the like, the planting soil layer provides nutrition for plants, meanwhile, the planting soil layer also provides habitat for underground animals, the coarse sand layer provides moisture for plant root systems, meanwhile, conditions are provided for bacterial colony adhesion, and pollutants in rainwater flood are decomposed. The pebble layer provides retention and discharge conditions for rain floods, different levels of the whole system bear different functions, and the pebble layer and the rain floods are matched with each other to form a recyclable small ecological system which not only can provide a living site for ornamental plants and improve the ornamental value, but also can greatly improve the biological diversity of the rainwater garden and ensure long-term and stable operation of the rainwater garden;
secondly, as the green land has a good recyclable ecosystem and the ecological conditions meet the survival requirements of producers, consumers and decomposers, the basic survival requirements of the species can be continuously ensured under the condition that the biological habitat is damaged by other construction, so that the diversity of the native species in the peripheral environment of the green land is ensured, the protection strength of the native species is improved, the damage of the construction to the peripheral environment is avoided, the negative influence on the peripheral environment is reduced to the maximum extent, and the maximization of the land value is realized;
meanwhile, the stable rainfall flood treatment unit is constructed in the green land, so that the rainfall floods around the green land can be purified and peak stagnation can be relieved, and compared with the traditional landscape water body, the rainfall flood treatment unit can not cause that the rainfall flood speed is too fast and the water body is gathered faster due to poor water permeability of the green land, so that urban waterlogging and water body eutrophication are caused, the long-term stability of the ecological environment, water body health and biological diversity of the green land is ensured, and the later maintenance cost is reduced;
the green land can be used as a real-scene education material of the ecological environment, meets the ecological function of the green land, endows the green land with the education function, improves the attraction of the green land to minors, and simultaneously makes the ecological education more vivid;
finally, the water collecting and green land has a simple structure, the shape of the water collecting and green land can be flexibly set according to needs, the organic combination of the green land landscape and the regional culture of the body is realized, the ornamental property of the green land landscape and the science popularization of the field are enriched, and the ecological function of the field is improved. Is beneficial to controlling the construction cost of the green land and further popularizing in a large area.
2. The invention is provided with a plurality of layers of underground matrixes, which not only meet the supply of nutrient substances and water of plants and animals, but also have the functions of filtering, adsorbing and decomposing pollutants absorbed by the periphery of a green land by the water permeability of different layers of the hierarchical structure of the matrixes, thereby purifying a water source. In addition, the space gap at the lower part of the matrix has certain water storage capacity and certain absorption and detention capacity for rainfall flood generated by instantaneous rainfall, so that peripheral waterlogging is avoided, and certain flood peak relieving capacity is realized.
3. The top surface elevation of the planting soil layer is 10-20cm lower than the ground elevation of the location of the planting soil layer, and a buffer slope with the gradient larger than 1:5 is arranged between the planting soil layer and the ground; on one hand, rainwater can be drained through the buffering slope and guided to be uniformly distributed in the whole rainwater garden; on the other hand, the elevation of the planting soil layer is lower than the elevation of the ground surface, so that a pond can be formed in the planting soil layer, and certain rainwater can be accumulated under the condition that rainfall is large, so that the drainage pressure of the drainage pipe is relieved, flood peaks are effectively reduced, and the flood fighting capacity of the rainwater garden is improved.
4. The foundation pit is a stepped pit provided with 4-stage steps, and each step shrinks towards the central area from top to bottom, so that on one hand, the arrangement is favorable for rainwater to concentrate towards the area where the drain pipe is located, the rapid discharge of redundant rainwater is realized, and the flood discharge capacity is improved; on the other hand, the stepped arrangement can effectively increase the contact area between each functional layer and the ground, thereby being beneficial to improving and stabilizing the structural stability of each functional layer and further improving the structural stability of the whole rainwater garden.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a rain garden according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drainage pipe of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the water-collecting device comprises a planting soil layer, 2, a gravel layer, 3, a pebble layer, 4, a drain pipe, 5, a water inlet hole, 6, a water guide pipe, 7, a water collecting tank, 8 and a buffering slope.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following specific embodiments:
embodiment mode 1
The embodiment is used as a basic embodiment of the invention and discloses a rainwater garden beneficial to improving biological diversity, the concrete structure of which is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a foundation pit, wherein 4 layers of steps are arranged in the foundation pit, and each step shrinks towards a central area from top to bottom, so that the cross section of the foundation pit is arranged in a bowl shape; a drain pipe 4 is fixed at the bottom of the foundation pit, a plurality of water inlet holes 5 are uniformly formed in the surface of the drain pipe 4, one end of the drain pipe 4 is communicated with a municipal rainwater pipe network, and the other end of the drain pipe 4 is sealed; meanwhile, the bottom of the foundation pit is also provided with a water guide pipe 6, the other end of the water guide pipe 6 is communicated with a water collecting tank 7 fixed below the eave, and anti-seepage treatment is carried out at a corresponding interface;
according to the requirement, the water collecting tank 7 adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic water tank, the flow guide pipe 6 adopts a galvanized steel pipe, the diameter of the galvanized steel pipe is 5cm, and the water discharge pipe 4 adopts a PVC pipe, the diameter of the PVC pipe is 15 cm;
sequentially filling pebble layers 3, gravel layers 2 and planting soil layers 1 on each step of the foundation pit from bottom to top, wherein the pebble layers 3 are paved by cobbles with the particle size of 5-20mm, and the thickness of the pebble layers is 30-50 cm; and the cobblestones are laid in sequence from top to bottom according to the sequence of the small to large particle sizes of the cobblestones; the gravel layer 2 is laid by coarse sand, the thickness of the gravel layer is 15-30cm, and 30cm is the best; the planting soil layer 1 is paved by brown soil, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 30-50cm, and 40cm is the best;
various ornamental plants are planted in the planting soil layer 1, wherein the ornamental plants comprise iris, typha orientalis, miscanthus sinensis, lantana camara, rush, pampas grass and the like; a buffer slope 8 is arranged in a connection area between the periphery of the planting soil layer 1 and the ground surface, and the gradient of the buffer slope 8 is greater than 1: 5;
embodiment mode 2
This embodiment is a basic embodiment of the present invention, which discloses a method for constructing a rainwater garden advantageous for improving biodiversity, comprising the steps of:
s1, mounting water collecting tanks on front and rear eaves of a building at a specified place according to a construction plan, wherein the specification of the water collecting tanks is flexibly selected according to actual needs, two ends of each water collecting tank are 10cm longer than the eaves, and the mounted water collecting tanks are subjected to anti-seepage treatment;
s2, mounting a galvanized steel pipe with the diameter of 5cm at the lower end of the water collecting tank mounted in the step S1 as a flow guide pipe, and performing anti-seepage treatment on the joint of the upper end and the water collecting tank;
s3, selecting a construction position of a green land around the building according to actual conditions, paying off and excavating at the construction position, preferably selecting a low-lying land as the excavation land, wherein the foundation pit is a 4-stage step pit, the height of each stage of step is determined according to the actual height of each functional layer, then embedding the guide pipe in the step S2 to the bottom of the foundation pit, and finally tamping the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit and the soil at the edge after excavation;
s4, pre-burying a punching pvc pipe with the diameter of 15cm at the bottom in the green pit in the step S3, connecting the pvc pipe with the nearest municipal rainwater pipe network, and simultaneously backfilling a pebble drainage layer, a coarse gravel layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top in sequence;
wherein the pebble drainage layer is made of pebbles with the diameter of 0.5-2cm, the particle size is paved from bottom to top, and the thickness is 30 cm; paving a coarse gravel layer with the thickness of 30cm, and tamping; finally, backfilling a planting soil layer with the thickness of 40 cm;
the ground after backfilling is lower than the original green land by 20cm in elevation, and the edge of the ground is subjected to slope releasing treatment, wherein the gradient is greater than 1: 5;
s6, backfilling the substrate surface layer in the step S4, planting a soil layer, and planting a wide-spread and flood-resistant plant. The plants can be selected from: iris, typha, miscanthus, lantana camara, rush, pampas grass and the like are configured and planted according to plant communities and distribution relations.
Meanwhile, the water storage tank can be excavated in a certain area selected from the middle of the planting soil layer according to needs, and corresponding aquatic plants can be planted in the water storage tank, so that the biological diversity and the ornamental property of the whole rainwater garden are improved.
According to the invention, the complete small ecological circulation system is constructed in the rainwater garden by reasonably arranging different functional layers, rainwater is intercepted to be used as irrigation water for the garden, the utilization efficiency of rainwater can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the complete ecological circulation system can effectively improve the biological diversity of the garden, so that the stability and the ornamental property of the garden are improved;
meanwhile, the stable rainfall flood treatment unit is constructed in the green land, so that the rainfall floods around the green land can be purified and peak stagnation can be relieved, and compared with the traditional landscape water body, the phenomena of urban waterlogging, water eutrophication and the like caused by the rapid convergence of the rainfall flood due to the low water permeability of the green land can be avoided, the long-term stability of the ecological environment, the water health and the biological diversity of the green land is ensured, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.
Claims (7)
1. A rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity and a construction method thereof comprise a foundation pit and are characterized in that: according to the sequence from top to bottom, a planting soil layer (1), a gravel layer (2) and a pebble layer (3) are sequentially filled in the foundation pit, a drain pipe (4) is buried in the pebble layer (3), one end of the drain pipe (4) is communicated with a municipal official net, the other end of the drain pipe is sealed, and a plurality of water inlet holes (5) are uniformly formed in the drain pipe (4); the pebble layer (3) is further paved with a water guide pipe (6), and the inlet section of the water guide pipe (6) is connected with a water collecting tank (7) fixed on an eave.
2. A rainwater garden and its method of construction to facilitate increased biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein: the planting soil layer (1) is paved by brown soil, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 30-50 cm; the gravel layer (2) is paved by coarse sand, and the thickness of the gravel layer is 15-30 cm.
3. A rainwater garden and its method of construction to facilitate increased biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein: the pebble layer (3) is paved by adopting cobbles with the grain diameter of 5-20mm, and the thickness of the cobble layer is 30-50 cm; and the cobblestones are laid in sequence from top to bottom according to the order of the particle size of the cobblestones from small to large.
4. A rainwater garden and its method of construction to facilitate increased biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein: the elevation of the top surface of the planting soil layer (1) is 10-20cm lower than the elevation of the ground where the planting soil layer is located, a buffer slope (8) is arranged between the planting soil layer (1) and the ground where the planting soil layer is located, and the gradient of the buffer slope (8) is larger than 1: 5.
5. A rainwater garden and its method of construction to facilitate increased biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein: the water collecting tank adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic water tank, the flow guide pipe adopts a galvanized steel pipe, and the drain pipe adopts a PVC pipe.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excavation is a stepped excavation having 4 steps, and the steps are contracted toward the central region from top to bottom.
7. A method for constructing a rainwater garden beneficial to improving biodiversity is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a water collecting tank on the building eave of the designated place according to the construction plan, and performing anti-seepage treatment on the mounted water collecting tank;
s2, installing a flow guide pipe at the lower end of the water collecting tank installed in the step S1, excavating a foundation pit for building a rainwater garden, burying the outlet end of the flow guide pipe at the bottom of the foundation pit, and tamping soil layers at the bottom and the edge of the foundation pit after the flow guide pipe is buried;
s3, pre-burying a drain pipe at the bottom of the foundation pit in the step S2, and communicating the drain pipe with a municipal pipe network; then paving a pebble layer, a gravel layer and a planting soil layer in sequence from bottom to top;
s4, planting various landscape plants in the planting soil layer of the step S3.
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| EP2058441A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-13 | luxin (green planet) ag | System for storing and purifying water |
| CN105089302A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-25 | 上海交通大学 | Rainwater garden system for community rainwater flow diversion, peak clipping and ecological purification |
| CN105862549A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 东南大学 | Biologicalpurificationretention belt for sponge-type city municipal road and construction method of biologicalpurificationretention belt |
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| CN209308099U (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-08-27 | 山东天泽规划建筑设计有限公司 | Residential area rain water collecting system |
| CN110219357A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-10 | 筑邦建设集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional sponge urban municipal road biological cleaning stranded belt and its construction technology |
| CN211523802U (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-09-18 | 福建省建研工程顾问有限公司 | A novel disconnected structure for building roofing rainwater |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202011471550.3A patent/CN112681476A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2058441A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-13 | luxin (green planet) ag | System for storing and purifying water |
| CN105089302A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-25 | 上海交通大学 | Rainwater garden system for community rainwater flow diversion, peak clipping and ecological purification |
| CN105862549A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 东南大学 | Biologicalpurificationretention belt for sponge-type city municipal road and construction method of biologicalpurificationretention belt |
| CN109267626A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-25 | 厦门市宏展工程建设有限公司 | A kind of landscape ecology rainwater recycle utilizes system |
| CN209308099U (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-08-27 | 山东天泽规划建筑设计有限公司 | Residential area rain water collecting system |
| CN110219357A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-10 | 筑邦建设集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional sponge urban municipal road biological cleaning stranded belt and its construction technology |
| CN211523802U (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-09-18 | 福建省建研工程顾问有限公司 | A novel disconnected structure for building roofing rainwater |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |
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