CN112680851B - Alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blended yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber, which is characterized in that: the silver alginate fiber blended yarn further comprises other fibers, the other fibers are one or more of cotton fibers, hemp fibers and silk fibers, and the content of the alginate fibers is 60-95%; the content of the silver fiber is 1-5%, the content of other fibers is 0-35%, and the mixed yarn prepared by the invention has the advantages of low cost, excellent mechanical property, less hairiness, excellent antibacterial property and antiviral property, and wide application prospect in sanitary and healthy textiles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the existing society, the demands of people on textiles are diversified and stronger, the demands on the textiles are not limited to the demands on the aspects of heat preservation, fashion, comfort and the like, more trends are towards the direction change of health, sanitation and intellectualization, particularly, the consumption view of people is changed, the cognition of consumers on health is further realized, and the demand of healthy textiles is developed in a blowout manner.
The health textile is a textile material which meets the health requirements of consumers and comes from the future, and comprises the traditional antibacterial fibrilia, bamboo fiber chitin fiber and the like, and the textiles prepared from the fibers belong to the health textile. However, the single fiber is difficult to satisfy the overall requirements of the textile in terms of medical health, and therefore, the respective properties of the fibers need to be integrated.
The blended yarn is yarn spun by two or more than two fibers, can make up the defects of a single textile material, embodies the superiority of each component fiber, improves the wearing function of the fabric and enlarges the application range.
The alginate fiber is biomass regenerated fiber prepared by refining and extracting algal polysaccharide from marine algae serving as a raw material and then carrying out wet spinning deep processing technology. The alginate fiber contains trace amount of lactic acid or oligomer, which has antibacterial effect. The alginate fiber is a fiber with excellent biocompatibility, the polysaccharide component of the alginate fiber is non-toxic and harmless, is naturally degradable, can exert better functions in the aspects of antibiosis, bacteriostasis, sanitation and health by contacting with a human body, and is a new material in healthy textile.
Silver fiber is a material with excellent antibacterial performance, silver is attached to the surface layer of the fiber mainly through a vacuum sputtering or chemical plating method on the surface layer of the fiber, but in the attaching process, the fiber has good antibacterial and antiviral performances, but the cost is high, and the silver fiber is often realized through a partial adding mode as a raw material of a healthy textile.
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the existing healthy textiles, especially the textiles with antibacterial and antiviral properties, are mostly made of textile materials by using antibacterial components in a non-woven and blended mode, but the textile materials obtained by different methods have different properties, such as non-woven technology, the textile preparation process is simple, and different fibers are only required to be carded and then subjected to needling or spunlacing, but the change of factors such as the formula of fiber raw materials, needling time, needling density and the like can generate great influence on final products, especially mechanical properties. For the fiber yarn material prepared by blending, the raw materials, especially the mixture ratio of different raw materials and the treatment process of the raw materials have great influence on the defect and the mechanical property of the final yarn.
The invention aims to solve the problem that the alginate fibers and the silver fibers have great difference in material quality, and the yarns with few defects and excellent mechanical properties are prepared by using a blending process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn and the preparation method thereof solve the problems, and the alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn has the advantages of appropriate proportion of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber and fine preparation process, so that the yarn has good mechanical property when having good antibacterial and antiviral properties, and can meet the requirements of serving as a raw material of healthy textiles.
Specifically, the fiber can be prepared into a textile fabric through weaving, and the textile fabric can be used in the antibacterial field, for example, the woven fabric can be used in the clothing field, the antibacterial medical material field, the sanitary health field, the mask base material field and the like.
Specifically, the invention provides alginic acid fiber and silver fiber blended yarn, which comprises alginic acid fiber and silver fiber.
Further, the alginic acid fiber silver fiber blended yarn also comprises other fibers.
The other fibers are one or more of cotton fibers, hemp fibers and silk fibers.
Further, the content of the alginic acid fiber is 60-95%; the content of the silver fiber is 1-5%, and the content of the other fibers is 0-35%.
Furthermore, the fineness of the alginic acid fiber is 0.8-1.1 dtex.
Furthermore, the fineness of the silver fiber is 0.7-0.9 dtex.
Furthermore, the fineness of other fibers is 0.9-1.2 dtex.
Further, the length of the fiber in the yarn is 82-85 mm.
Furthermore, because the alginate fiber is a synthetic fiber, in the spinning process of the fiber, the alginate fiber is sprayed out through a spinneret to form a nascent fiber, the nascent fiber is solidified and formed after being solidified and stretched in a solidification bath, the surface of the fiber is relatively smooth, and different from natural fibers such as cotton and hemp wool, the surface of the fiber has a certain anisotropic structure, so that the gripping force between the alginate fibers is small, and because calcium ions exist in the alginate fiber, the fiber is easy to lose electrons in the friction process and is charged. In addition, the silver fiber is mainly formed by sputtering a plating layer on the surface layer of the synthetic fiber in a vacuum sputtering mode, and a uniform metal layer exists on the surface of the fiber, so that the surface layer of the fiber is very smooth, the gripping force between the fibers is low, and meanwhile, electrons are easily lost in the process of friction of the metal layer, so that charges are carried on the metal layer.
Based on the requirements of the blended yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber required to be prepared by the invention, the characteristics of the alginic acid fiber and the silver fiber are analyzed in the preamble, and the inventor intends to prepare the blended yarn with good biocompatibility and excellent antibacterial property by a blending method and use the yarn for preparing the required healthy textiles.
Further, the invention provides a preparation method of the alginic acid and silver fiber blended yarn, which comprises the following specific process steps: open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → two-for-one twisting to obtain blended yarn.
Furthermore, the opening scutching mainly comprises the step of loosening raw material fibers into small fiber bundles, so that the small fiber bundles are convenient to mix and remove impurities, the scutching machine is mainly used for removing impurities, defects and short fibers which are difficult to spin in the fibers, the smooth process in the later spinning process is ensured, and the yarns obtained by spinning have good mechanical property and antibacterial and antiviral property
Further, spraying an oil agent on the surface of the blended yarn in the cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 1-2:1-2: 8-10; the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 10-30 ml/min.
Further, a soluble sodium salt solution is added in the cotton carding process, specifically, the soluble sodium salt is one or two of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, the concentration of the sodium salt solution is 0.1-1g/L, and the spraying frequency is 10-50 ml/min.
In the invention, the smooth surface of the alginate fiber is considered in the cotton carding process, the gripping force between the alginate fiber and the fiber is small in the blending process, the acting force between the alginate fiber and the silver fiber is small in the blending process, finally, the yarn is easy to generate burr phenomenon, and the yarn has more hairiness.
Based on this, the sodium salt is sprayed on the fiber surface in a spraying mode in the cotton carding process creatively, the sodium salt spraying can be randomly dispersed into the blended fiber, in the fiber, the sodium chloride solution generates ion exchange on the surface of the alginic acid fiber, and calcium ions in the alginic acid fiber are replaced, so that the apparent form of the alginic acid fiber is changed, the surface of the alginic acid fiber is rougher, and cohesion between fibers is facilitated. Meanwhile, the soluble sodium salt is also an antistatic agent, can transmit static electricity generated by friction in the steps of combing, subsequent drawing and the like, and is beneficial to spinning.
Further, the yarn is obtained by blending through a strip blending process.
Because the cost of the silver fiber is high, and the silver fiber with lower content can achieve excellent antibacterial and antiviral performance, the invention creatively provides a method for adding and mixing the silver fiber in order to save the cost.
The specific operation is as follows: the silver fiber passes through a blowing process, and independently rolls and passes through a carding process, and is mixed with the alginate fiber in a drawing process.
More specifically, after mixing the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber, fully opening and mixing the mixed fiber by using an opener, a vibration hopper and a lap former, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 5-20% of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber.
Further, the silver fibers and the combed alginic acid fibers are prepared into the silver fibers and combed alginic acid fiber mixed cotton carding strips after mixing.
Furthermore, the rough process is to mix the silver fiber and the combed alginate fiber into cotton sliver for three times to obtain the blended product after the cotton sliver is pre-blended with the cotton sliver of the combed alginate fiber.
In the cotton carding process, the silver fiber carrier is polymer synthetic fiber, so that the static electricity is serious in the pure spinning cotton carding process, the net formation and the sliver formation are difficult, and the cotton cleaning and cotton carding processes are not easy to control. The invention aims to improve the utilization rate of silver fibers to the maximum extent and ensure the yarn quality, and the yarn quality and the production rate are greatly improved by combining two blending processes.
Further, the combing process comprises combing preparation and combing steps, and the combing preparation uses equipment which is an FA306 cotton pre-lap machine, an FA334 lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combing machines.
Further, the drawing frame used in the coarse step is a drawing frame of FA306 model.
Further, the spinning frame is an FA507 spinning frame.
Further, the roving prepared by spinning is 5-6g/10 m.
Furthermore, the content of the silver fiber in the blended yarn is 1-5%.
Further, the invention provides a textile, and the health textile is prepared by using the blended yarn prepared by the invention through weaving and knitting processes.
Specifically, the blended yarn prepared by the invention can be used for weaving to obtain the antibacterial clothing fabric, the antibacterial mask base material, the medical textile fabric and the high antibacterial fabric in the special field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the blended yarn provided by the invention is composed of silver fibers and alginic acid fibers, and in consideration of the high cost of the silver fibers, the blended yarn provided by the invention uses a mixing mode of pre-mixing and then mixing the silver fiber and alginic acid fiber mixed strips, so that the cost of the fiber yarn is favorably reduced, and the characteristics of yarn strength improvement, hairiness reduction, evenness and few defects can be realized through process improvement.
2. The invention can etch the surface of alginate fiber by adding soluble sodium salt, thereby improving the cohesive force of alginate fiber and other fibers, reducing the generation of hairiness, and simultaneously preventing spinning from generating the phenomenon of winding leather rings, leather rollers and rollers in the production flow.
3. The yarn of the invention fully exerts the biocompatibility of the alginic acid fiber, and simultaneously utilizes the antibacterial property of the silver fiber, the prepared mixed yarn has excellent antibacterial property and antiviral property, and has wide application prospect in sanitary and healthy textiles, clothing textiles, medical materials, mask substrates and special fields such as military textiles.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the practice of the invention.
The YG061FQ/PC electronic single yarn strength tester is used to test the single yarn strength to break, elongation to break, work to break and other indexes according to the G B/T3916-1997 standard.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a blend yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber, which comprises the following steps:
open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → two-for-one twisting to obtain blended yarn.
Opening picking, cotton carding and combing of alginate fibers, and spraying an oil agent on the surfaces of the alginate fibers in the cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 2:1: 7; the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 20 ml/min.
And a sodium chloride solution is also added in the cotton carding process, the concentration of the sodium salt solution is 1g/L, and the spraying frequency is 20 ml/min.
The silver fiber passes through a blowing process and independently rolls and passes through a carding process, and is mixed with alginate fibers in a drawing process, specifically, after the silver fiber and the alginate fibers are mixed, the mixed fibers are fully opened and mixed by using an opener, a vibration cotton box and a lap former, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 10% of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginate fibers, and the mixed silver fiber and the combed alginate fibers are prepared into the silver fiber and combed alginate fiber mixed carding strips.
Controlling the content of the silver fiber, and selecting the coarse proportion of the cotton sliver. And the coarse process is to mix the silver fiber and the combed alginic acid fiber with cotton sliver for three times after the cotton sliver is pre-blended, so as to obtain the blended product.
The combing process comprises combing preparation and combing steps, wherein the combing preparation uses equipment comprising an FA306 cotton pre-lap machine, an FA334 sliver lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combing machines.
Further, the drawing frame is a drawing frame of FA306 model.
Further, the spinning frame is an FA507 spinning frame.
Wherein the obtained yarn has a silver fiber content of 2%.
The breaking strength of the test yarn was 178.5cN and the tensile strength was 1.28cN dtex-1The elongation at break was 8.6%.
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of a blend yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber, which comprises the following steps:
open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → two-for-one twisting to obtain blended yarn.
Opening picking, cotton carding and combing of alginate fibers, and spraying an oil agent on the surfaces of the alginate fibers in the cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 1:1: 8; the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 20 ml/min.
And a sodium sulfate solution is also added in the cotton carding process, the concentration of the sodium sulfate solution is 1g/L, and the spraying frequency is 20 ml/min.
The silver fiber passes through a blowing process and independently rolls and passes through a carding process, and is mixed with alginate fibers in a drawing process, specifically, after the silver fiber and the alginate fibers are mixed, the mixed fibers are fully opened and mixed by using an opener, a vibration cotton box and a lap former, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 10% of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginate fibers, and the mixed silver fiber and the combed alginate fibers are prepared into the silver fiber and combed alginate fiber mixed carding strips.
Controlling the content of the silver fiber, and selecting the coarse proportion of the cotton sliver. And the coarse process is to mix the silver fiber and the combed alginic acid fiber with cotton sliver for three times after the cotton sliver is pre-blended, so as to obtain the blended product.
The combing process comprises combing preparation and combing steps, wherein the combing preparation uses equipment comprising an FA306 cotton pre-lap machine, an FA334 sliver lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combing machines.
Further, the drawing frame is a drawing frame of FA306 model.
Further, the spinning frame is an FA507 spinning frame.
Wherein the obtained yarn has a silver fiber content of 2%.
The test yarn had a breaking tenacity of 175.1cN and a tensile strength of 1.20 cN-dtex-1The elongation at break was 7.6%.
Example 3
The invention provides a preparation method of a blend yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber, which comprises the following steps:
open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → two-for-one twisting to obtain blended yarn.
Opening picking, cotton carding and combing of alginate fibers, and spraying an oil agent on the surfaces of the alginate fibers in the cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 1:1: 8; the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 20 ml/min.
The silver fiber passes through a blowing process and independently rolls and passes through a carding process, and is mixed with alginate fibers in a drawing process, specifically, after the silver fiber and the alginate fibers are mixed, the mixed fibers are fully opened and mixed by using an opener, a vibration cotton box and a lap former, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 10% of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginate fibers, and the mixed silver fiber and the combed alginate fibers are prepared into the silver fiber and combed alginate fiber mixed carding strips.
Controlling the content of the silver fiber, and selecting the coarse proportion of the cotton sliver. And the coarse process is to mix the silver fiber and the combed alginic acid fiber with cotton sliver for three times after the cotton sliver is pre-blended, so as to obtain the blended product.
The combing process comprises combing preparation and combing steps, wherein the combing preparation uses equipment comprising an FA306 cotton pre-lap machine, an FA334 sliver lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combing machines.
Further, the drawing frame is a drawing frame of FA306 model.
Further, the spinning frame is an FA507 spinning frame.
The yarn obtained therein had a silver fiber content of 3%.
The breaking strength of the test yarn was 158.3cN and the tensile strength was 1.11cN dtex-1The elongation at break was 6.3%.
Example 4
The invention provides a preparation method of a blend yarn of alginic acid fiber and silver fiber, which comprises the following steps:
open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → two-for-one twisting to obtain blended yarn.
Mixing silver fiber and alginate fiber, and performing open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → double twisting to obtain the blended yarn.
Spraying an oil agent on the surface of the alginate fiber and silver fiber blended fiber in a cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 1:1: 8; the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 20 ml/min.
Wherein, the content of the silver fiber is 2 percent.
The combing process comprises combing preparation and combing steps, wherein the combing preparation uses equipment comprising an FA306 cotton pre-lap machine, an FA334 sliver lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combing machines.
Further, the drawing frame is a drawing frame of FA306 model.
Further, the spinning frame is an FA507 spinning frame.
Wherein the obtained yarn has a silver fiber content of 2%.
The breaking strength of the test yarn was 151.3cN and the tensile strength was 1.09 cN-dtex-1The elongation at break was 6.3%.
It should be understood that in light of the foregoing description, as will be evident to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such changes and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a alginic acid fibre and silver fiber blended yarn which characterized in that: the yarn comprises alginic acid fiber, silver fiber and other fibers;
the other fibers are one or more of cotton fibers, hemp fibers and silk fibers;
wherein, the content of the alginic acid fiber is 60 to 95 percent; the content of silver fiber is 1-5%, the content of other fibers is 0-35%, the fineness of the alginic acid fiber is 0.8-1.1dtex, the fineness of the silver fiber is 0.7-0.9dtex, the fineness of the other fibers is 0.9-1.2dtex, and the length of the fiber in the yarn is 82-85 mm;
the preparation of the blended yarn comprises the following process steps: open picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted wire → two-for-one twisting;
spraying an oil agent on the surface of the blended yarn in a cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of 1-2:1-2:8-10 weight percent of oil, an antistatic agent and water;
the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 10-30 ml/min;
adding a soluble sodium salt solution in the cotton carding process, wherein the soluble sodium salt is one or two of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, the concentration of the sodium salt solution is 0.1-1g/L, and the spraying frequency is 10-50 ml/min;
in the preparation process, after the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber are mixed, the mixed fiber is fully loosened and mixed, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 5 to 20 percent of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber; preparing silver fibers and combed alginic acid fibers into silver fiber and combed alginic acid fiber mixed cotton carding strips after mixing;
and the coarse process is to pre-blend the silver fiber and the combed alginic acid fiber mixed cotton sliver and then blend the sliver with the combed alginic acid fiber for three times.
2. A method for preparing the alginate fiber and silver fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following process steps: opening and picking → cotton carding → combing → doubling → roving → spun yarn → spooling → twisted yarn → double-twist to obtain blended yarn;
in the preparation process, after the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber are mixed, the mixed fiber is fully loosened and mixed, wherein the silver fiber accounts for 5 to 20 percent of the total amount of the silver fiber and the alginic acid fiber; and preparing the silver fibers and the combed alginic acid fibers into the silver fiber and combed alginic acid fiber mixed cotton carding strips after mixing.
3. The method for preparing the alginate fiber and silver fiber blended yarn according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the combed alginate fiber combed sliver is formed by processing alginate fibers through an open picking → cotton carding → combing process;
spraying an oil agent on the surface of the blended yarn in the cotton carding process, wherein the oil agent is composed of oil, an antistatic agent and water according to the weight percentage of 1-2:1-2: 8-10;
the spraying frequency of the oil agent is 10-30 ml/min;
adding a soluble sodium salt solution in the cotton carding process, wherein the soluble sodium salt is one or two of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, the concentration of the sodium salt solution is 0.1-1g/L, and the spraying frequency is 10-50 ml/min;
and the coarse process is to pre-blend the silver fiber and the combed alginic acid fiber mixed cotton sliver and then blend the sliver with the combed alginic acid fiber for three times.
4. The method for preparing the alginate fiber and silver fiber blended yarn according to claim 2, which is characterized in that:
the equipment for combing preparation comprises an FA306 cotton pre-doubling machine, an FA334 sliver lap machine and an FA344 lap machine; and PX2 combers; the drawing frame used in the coarse step is a drawing frame with FA306 model; the spinning frame of the spinning process is an FA507 spinning frame.
5. A health textile prepared by using the alginate fiber and silver fiber blended yarn of claim 1, wherein the preparation process is a knitting or weaving process.
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