CN112680801B - Non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and use method - Google Patents
Non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nanofiber non-woven fabrics, in particular to a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and a using method. The production device comprises an air bag, a cylindrical receiving device, a cover, a rotating shaft, a spinning barrel, a driving device, an electronic air pump, a liquid supply device, a reciprocating expansion device and a high-voltage electrostatic generator, wherein the air bag is arranged in the spinning barrel and forms an annular cavity with variable volume by matching with the air bag; the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel is uniformly provided with a plurality of spinning micropores in a penetrating way, and the wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel is not provided with the spinning micropores; the reciprocating telescopic device is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylindrical receiving device. Compared with the prior art, the production device can provide air bag extrusion force for the spinning solution to assist spinning, the spinning solution is filled in the annular cavity all the time, the spinning efficiency and the continuous stability of spinning are improved, and the prepared non-woven fabric is larger in area and higher in strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nanofiber non-woven fabrics, in particular to a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and a using method.
Background
With the health importance of people and the aggravation of air pollution, environmental protection becomes a topic of concern, wherein air purification becomes an important aspect of environmental protection. Products with filtering functions such as a haze-proof mask, an air purification filter element and a haze-proof window are widely applied. The properties of the filter material, in turn, directly determine the final properties of these products. In recent years, nanofiber nonwoven fabrics have received increasing attention from researchers. The nanofiber non-woven fabric is extremely fine in nanofiber, has the performances of high filtering precision, good air permeability and the like, and can be prepared into a mask, so that the phenomenon of stuffiness and breath holding cannot occur during wearing. Therefore, it is a direction of research by researchers to efficiently produce nanofiber nonwoven fabrics.
At present, the electrostatic spinning technology is a common method for efficiently preparing nanofiber non-woven fabrics. Conventional means of electrospinning include needle electrospinning, nozzle-less electrospinning, centrifugal electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, and the like. The needle head of the needle head type electrostatic spinning device is easy to block, is limited by the number of the needle heads, is not high in spinning efficiency, and cannot meet the requirement of industrial production. The nozzle-free electrostatic spinning can greatly improve the spinning efficiency, but has various problems. Chinese utility model patent CN203583028U discloses a nanofiber preparation facilities, it is provided with spinning carousel, spinning carousel actuating system, liquid supply system, spinneret, induction needle, induction carousel actuating system, fibre collection net and high voltage power supply, and it is through the induction spinning of induction needle, and the confession liquid that appears when trying to solve centrifugal electrostatic spinning is stable problem inadequately. However, the number of spinning nozzles is still limited, and the spinning efficiency is not high. Meanwhile, liquid is supplied to the interior of the spinning turntable through a metering pump and the like, and the spinning solution needs to be filled in an internal cavity of the spinning turntable, so that more spinning solution needs to be prepared when small-batch samples are trial-produced. Chinese patent CN106400134A discloses a reciprocating liquid feeding type non-nozzle electrostatic spinning device and a method for manufacturing nanofiber membrane thereof, wherein an electronic air pump is used to inflate or deflate an air bag in a hollow tank, and the reciprocating operation is performed in such a way that the stainless steel wire in the liquid storage tank is continuously stained with the spinning solution, thereby performing electrostatic spinning. Although several taylor cones are generated on the stainless steel wire and nanofibers are formed by the electric force, the spinning method only provides the stretching force by the electric force, and the required electric field intensity is larger.
The Chinese invention patent CN108330550A discloses a nozzle-free electrostatic spinning device, which is provided with a cylindrical core, a cylindrical shell, a rotating shaft, a cylindrical receiving device, a driving device and a high-voltage electrostatic generator, wherein the cylindrical core and the cylindrical shell form an annular solution tank, and the side surface of the cylindrical shell is provided with a preset number of micropores. The device has a large number of micropores, so that the spinning efficiency can be improved. However, the following problems still exist with this device: 1. with the continuous spinning, the spinning solution in the annular solution tank is continuously consumed, and the micropores on the upper part of the cylindrical shell gradually do not participate in the spinning process, so that not only is the spinning efficiency partially lost, but also the nano fibers received by the cylindrical receiving device on the outer side are not uniformly distributed, and the finally prepared nano fiber non-woven fabric is not uniform in thickness; 2. after the spinning solution in the annular solution tank is continuously consumed, the whole annular area cannot be filled with the spinning solution, so that the spinning solution is easy to shake or form a vortex in the rotating process, and the continuous and stable spinning is influenced; 3. after the annular solution tank is filled with the spinning solution, if the spinning needs to be suspended midway, the spinning solution may seep out of the micropores on the side surface of the cylindrical shell and cannot be stably stored in the annular solution tank temporarily; 4. centrifugal electrostatic spinning is adopted, when spinning is required to be suspended or stopped, the spinning cannot be stopped in time due to the rotation inertia of a rotating shaft, part of spinning solution is still thrown out of micropores, and the thickness of fibers prepared at the stage is different from that of the fibers prepared during normal spinning due to the gradual reduction of centrifugal force, and part of the spinning solution is possibly left on the outer surface of a cylindrical shell, so that the micropores are possibly blocked; 5. after spinning is finished, the spinning liquid remained in the spinning micropores can cause blockage after drying, and is not easy to clean when the spinning micropores are blocked. In addition, in the electrospinning device disclosed in the above-mentioned three patent documents, all nanofibers formed from the same spinneret hole are collected in a specific small range of the collecting device when the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is prepared, and the size of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is limited by the distribution of the spinneret holes. Meanwhile, the receiving mode is not beneficial to improving the strength of the non-woven fabric.
In order to continuously and stably spin, and to improve the spinning efficiency and the strength of the nonwoven fabric, it is necessary to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and a use method thereof, which can enable a spinning solution to be filled in an annular area all the time, can avoid the seepage of the spinning solution from micropores on the side surface of a cylindrical shell when spinning is suspended, enables spinning holes not to be blocked easily, finally realizes continuous and stable spinning, improves the spinning efficiency, and simultaneously enables the prepared non-woven fabric to have larger area and higher strength.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration comprises an air bag, a cylindrical receiving device, a cover, a rotating shaft, a spinning drum, a driving device, an electronic air pump, a liquid supply device, a reciprocating expansion device and a high-voltage electrostatic generator; the method is characterized in that: the spinning barrel is of a cylindrical hollow structure, an air bag is arranged in the hollow structure, a cover is arranged above the spinning barrel, and the upper end and the lower end of the air bag are respectively and fixedly positioned in the middle of the cover and the middle of the bottom surface of the spinning barrel, so that the air bag is concentric with the spinning barrel in an inflated state; an annular cavity is formed between the spinning barrel and the air bag, and the liquid supply device is used for supplying spinning solution into the annular cavity;
the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel is uniformly provided with a plurality of spinning micropores in a penetrating way, and the wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel is not provided with the spinning micropores; the cylindrical receiving device is a hollow cylindrical structure without an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, and the cylindrical receiving device surrounds the outer side of the spinning barrel and is concentric with the spinning barrel;
the reciprocating telescopic device comprises a fixed block and an electric telescopic rod, the fixed block is fixed on the outer side wall of the cylindrical receiving device, one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the fixed block, and the telescopic direction of the electric telescopic rod is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft;
the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the spinning barrel, and the driving device drives the spinning barrel to rotate by driving the rotating shaft to rotate;
the electronic air pump is used for inflating or deflating the air bag;
the anode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the spinning barrel, and the cathode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the cylindrical receiving device;
the liquid supply device supplies liquid into the annular cavity through the first connecting pipe, and electrostatic spinning solution is stored in the liquid supply device.
Preferably, an opening is formed in one side of the cover, and a first connecting pipe is communicated with the opening and is communicated with the annular cavity; and a through hole is formed in the middle of the cover and communicated with a second connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is communicated with the air bag.
Preferably, the diameter of the through hole communicating with the second connecting pipe is larger than that of the opening communicating with the first connecting pipe.
Preferably, the outer side of the edge of the upper side of the spinning barrel is provided with an external thread, the cover is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread of the cover is matched with the external thread of the spinning barrel to be in threaded connection.
Preferably, the height of the upper part of the spinning barrel provided with the spinning micropores accounts for two thirds to four fifths of the height of the whole spinning barrel; the height of the lower part of the spinning barrel, which is not provided with the spinning micropores, accounts for one fifth to one third of the height of the whole spinning barrel.
Preferably, the spinning micropores are in a cone frustum shape, and one end with a smaller diameter faces the outer side of the spinning barrel.
The invention also provides a use method of the non-woven fabric production device for air filtration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, exhausting the air in the air bag to enable the air bag to be in a flat state; supplying the spinning solution into the annular cavity through a first connecting pipe by using a liquid supply device, and then closing the first connecting pipe; the spinning solution entering the annular cavity is positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel;
s2, starting the driving device to enable the rotating shaft to rotate under the transmission of the driving device and drive the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel to rotate; starting an electronic air pump to inflate the air bag, and extruding the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel in the process of expansion of the air bag so as to enable the spinning solution to gradually rise to fill the whole annular cavity;
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft through the driving device, and adjusting the pressure inside the air bag through the electronic air pump, so that the spinning solution in the annular cavity passes through the spinning micropores in the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel under the action of centrifugal force and air bag pressure, and a Taylor cone is formed on the outer side surface of the spinning barrel;
s4, starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator, adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and selecting a proper radius of a cylindrical receiving device, so that a Taylor cone formed on the outer side surface of the spinning barrel is stretched into nanofibers under the action of an electrostatic field, and the nanofibers are received by the cylindrical receiving device and form nanofiber non-woven fabrics on the inner surface of the nanofibers;
s5, in the electrostatic spinning process, the annular cavity is always in a full spinning solution state by adjusting the internal pressure of the air bag, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is controlled to ensure that the centrifugal force and the air bag extrusion force on the spinning solution in the annular cavity are basically the same;
and S6, when the electrostatic spinning work is finished, quickly releasing the gas in the air bag, closing the high-voltage electrostatic generator, then closing the driving device, and taking down the nanofiber non-woven fabric received on the cylindrical receiving device, namely the non-woven fabric for air filtration.
Preferably, the using method further comprises a cleaning step, when the spinning micropores are blocked, high-pressure gas is introduced into the annular cavity through the first connecting pipe, then the gas in the annular cavity is sucked, and the steps are repeated for multiple times, so that the blockage in the spinning micropores is removed.
Preferably, in step S5 of the use method, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to continuously extend and retract, so that the cylindrical receiving device reciprocates up and down on the periphery of the spinning barrel, and the generated nanofibers can be more widely collected on the inner side surface of the cylindrical receiving device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and a using method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
1. when the non-woven fabric is produced, the spinning solution can be acted by centrifugal force, air bag extrusion force and electric field force, and the formation of nano fibers is facilitated; meanwhile, due to the existence of the extrusion force of the air bag, the spinning process can be carried out at a lower rotating speed. In the prior art, no device for carrying out electrostatic spinning by simultaneously utilizing air bag extrusion force, centrifugal force and electric field force exists.
2. The annular cavity of the production device is filled with the spinning solution all the time, and simultaneously, the rotating speed is reduced compared with that of the traditional centrifugal electrostatic spinning, so that the spinning barrel cannot shake or form a vortex in the rotating process, and the spinning stability is better.
3. The annular cavity of the production device is filled with the spinning solution all the time, so that each spinning micropore in the spinning barrel can participate in electrostatic spinning in the whole process, and partial spinning efficiency cannot be lost along with the consumption of the spinning solution; meanwhile, the distribution of the received nano fibers on the cylindrical receiving device is relatively uniform, and the phenomenon of uneven thickness is avoided.
4. The wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel of the production device is not provided with the spinning micropores, so that the spinning solution which enters the annular cavity can not seep out of the spinning micropores; meanwhile, when the spinning is suspended or stopped halfway, the spinning solution can be separated from the spinning micropores and fall back to the lower part of the spinning barrel by quickly releasing the gas in the air bag, so that the problem that the spinning solution is still thrown out of the micropores due to the fact that the rotating shaft cannot be stopped in time due to rotation inertia is avoided; meanwhile, the gas in the air bag is released quickly, so that the solution in the spinning micropores is retracted into the annular cavity under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the condition that the spinning solution is remained in the spinning micropores and is blocked can be avoided as much as possible.
5. The invention can lead the volume of the annular cavity to be continuously reduced along with the consumption of the spinning solution through the reasonable arrangement of the air bag, and lead the annular cavity to be filled with less spinning solution and to contact the whole side wall of the spinning barrel with larger diameter, thereby fully utilizing the spinning micropores and saving the spinning solution.
6. The production device can introduce high-pressure gas into the spinning barrel through the first connecting pipe or suck the high-pressure gas to generate negative pressure so as to clean the blocked spinning micropores.
7. The production device can drive the cylindrical receiving device to move up and down in a reciprocating manner through the reciprocating telescopic device, so that the nano fibers can be more widely collected on the inner side surface of the cylindrical receiving device. Meanwhile, due to the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the cylindrical receiving device, the generated nano fibers can be more widely and crossly paved, and the strength of the nano fiber non-woven fabric is favorably improved; the prepared nanofiber non-woven fabric is higher in strength and larger in area, and can be applied to wider application scenes such as a mask and a haze prevention window when being used for air filtration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a non-woven fabric production apparatus for air filtration according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus for producing a non-woven fabric for air filtration of the present invention, when an air bag is in an inflated state and a reciprocating stretching device is in a raised state.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the apparatus for producing a non-woven fabric for air filtration of the present invention, when the air bag is in an inflated state and the reciprocating stretching device is in a contracted state.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the nonwoven fabric production apparatus for air filtration of the present invention when the air bladder is in a deflated state and the reciprocating stretching device is in a contracted state.
Reference numerals:
1. a fixed block; 2. a cylindrical receiving device; 3. a first connecting pipe; 4. a second connecting pipe; 5. a cover; 6. spinning micropores; 7. an electric telescopic rod; 8. spinning drums; 9. an annular cavity; 10. a rotating shaft; 11. an air bag.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a non-woven fabric production device for air filtration, which comprises an air bag 11, a cylindrical receiving device 2, a cover 5, a rotating shaft 10, a spinning drum 8, a driving device, an electronic air pump, a liquid supply device, a reciprocating expansion device and a high-voltage electrostatic generator; the spinning barrel 8 is of a cylindrical hollow structure, an air bag 11 is arranged in the hollow structure, a cover 5 is arranged above the spinning barrel 8, and the cover 5 is made of an insulating material. The upper end and the lower end of the air bag 11 are respectively and fixedly positioned in the middle of the cover 5 and the bottom surface of the spinning barrel 8, so that the air bag 11 is concentric with the spinning barrel 8 in an inflated state (see figure 2); an annular cavity 9 is formed between the spinning cylinder 8 and the balloon 11, and a liquid supply device is used for supplying spinning solution into the annular cavity 9.
A plurality of spinning micropores 6 are uniformly arranged on the wall of the upper part of the vertically arranged spinning barrel 8 in a penetrating way, and the spinning micropores 6 are not arranged on the wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel 8; the height of the upper part of the spinning barrel 8 provided with the spinning micropores 6 accounts for two thirds to four fifths of the height of the whole spinning barrel 8; the height of the lower part of the spinning cylinder 8, which is not provided with the spinning micropores 6, accounts for one fifth to one third of the height of the whole spinning cylinder 8. With this arrangement, the spinning solution can be temporarily stored in the lower part of the spinning cylinder 8, and after the air bag 11 is inflated, the spinning solution in the lower part of the spinning cylinder 8 will gradually rise and fill the whole annular cavity 9 under the extrusion of the air bag 11. When the balloon 11 is deflated, no further compressive force is exerted on the spinning solution and the spinning solution will quickly fall back down to the lower part of the spinning cylinder 8.
In this embodiment, the cylindrical receiving device 2 is selected to be a hollow cylindrical structure without an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, and the cylindrical receiving device 2 surrounds the outer side of the spinning barrel 8 and is concentric with the spinning barrel 8; reciprocating telescoping device includes fixed block 1 and electric telescopic handle 7, and fixed block 1 is fixed on cylindrical receiving arrangement 2's lateral wall, and electric telescopic handle 7's one end and fixed block 1 fixed connection and electric telescopic handle 7's flexible direction and pivot 10's axial direction are parallel. In fig. 1, the electric telescopic rod 7 is located below the fixing block 1, and the electric telescopic rod 7 and the rotating shaft 10 are both vertically arranged. When the electric telescopic rod 7 extends, a jacking force is generated on the fixed block 1, and the fixed block 1 is fixed on the outer side wall of the cylindrical receiving device 2, so that the cylindrical receiving device 2 is driven to rise upwards; electric telescopic handle 7 will drive cylindrical receiving arrangement 2 downstream when the shrink, so reciprocal can be so that nanofiber is collected at cylindrical receiving arrangement's medial surface more extensively to under the condition that does not change spinning cask height, obtain the nanofiber non-woven fabrics of bigger area.
The upper end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the spinning barrel 8, and the driving device drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate so as to drive the spinning barrel 8 to rotate. As can be seen from fig. 2, when the balloon 11 is in the inflated state, the spinning cylinder 8, the balloon 11, the cover 5 and the cylindrical receiving device 2 are in a symmetrical state with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 10, which facilitates the receiving of uniform and continuous nanofibers on the cylindrical receiving device 2.
The electronic air pump in this embodiment is used to inflate or deflate the air bag 11. Meanwhile, one side of the cover 5 is provided with an opening and communicated with a first connecting pipe 3, and the first connecting pipe 3 is communicated with the annular cavity 9; the middle part of the cover 5 is provided with a through hole and communicated with a second connecting pipe 4, and the second connecting pipe 4 is communicated with the air bag 11. The electronic air pump inflates or deflates the air bag 11 through the second connection tube 4. In this embodiment, the diameter of the through hole communicating with the second connecting pipe 4 is selected to be larger than the diameter of the opening communicating with the first connecting pipe 3. The second connecting tube 4 with a larger diameter of the through hole is selected to facilitate the rapid release of the gas in the balloon 11, thereby rapidly relieving the pressure of the spinning solution in the annular cavity 9.
The anode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the spinning barrel 8, and the cathode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the cylindrical receiving device 2. Thus, the electric field force is formed conveniently, and the taylor cone formed on the outer side wall of the spinning barrel 8 is stretched by the electric field force to form the nanofiber.
The liquid supply device supplies liquid into the annular cavity 9 through the first connecting pipe 3, and electrostatic spinning solution is stored in the liquid supply device.
The upside edge outside of spinning barrel 8 is equipped with the external screw thread, and lid 5 is equipped with the internal thread, and the internal thread of lid 5 and the external screw thread cooperation of spinning barrel 8 are in order to carry out threaded connection.
In this embodiment, the spinning micropores 6 are selected to be in the shape of a truncated cone, and the end with the smaller diameter faces the outer side of the spinning barrel 8. Of course, other shapes of spinning pores 6 may be selected, such as spinning pores 6 having a triangular, diamond, etc. cross-section.
The embodiment also provides a use method of the production device of the non-woven fabric for air filtration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, exhausting the air in the air bag 11 to enable the air bag 11 to be in a flat state (see figure 4); the spinning solution is supplied into the annular cavity 9 through the first connecting pipe 3 by using a liquid supply device, and then the first connecting pipe 3 is closed; the spinning solution entering the annular cavity 9 is positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel 8;
s2, starting a driving device to enable the rotating shaft 10 to rotate under the transmission of the driving device and drive the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel 8 to rotate; starting an electronic air pump to inflate the air bag 11, and extruding the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel 8 by the air bag 11 in the process of expansion to gradually rise the spinning solution to fill the whole annular cavity 9;
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 10 through a driving device, and adjusting the pressure inside the air bag 11 through an electronic air pump, so that the spinning solution in the annular cavity 9 passes through the spinning micropores 6 on the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel 8 under the action of centrifugal force and the pressure of the air bag 11, and a Taylor cone is formed on the outer side surface of the spinning barrel 8;
s4, starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator, adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and selecting a proper radius of the cylindrical receiving device 2, so that a Taylor cone formed on the outer side surface of the spinning barrel 8 is stretched into nanofibers under the action of an electrostatic field, and the nanofibers are received by the cylindrical receiving device 2 and form nanofiber non-woven fabrics on the inner surface of the nanofibers;
s5, in the electrostatic spinning process, the annular cavity 9 is always in a spinning solution full state by adjusting the internal pressure of the air bag 11, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 10 is controlled to ensure that the centrifugal force applied to the spinning solution in the annular cavity 9 is basically the same as the extrusion force of the air bag 11;
and S6, when the electrostatic spinning work is finished, quickly releasing the gas in the air bag 11, closing the high-voltage electrostatic generator, then closing the driving device, and taking down the nanofiber non-woven fabric received on the cylindrical receiving device 2, namely the non-woven fabric for air filtration.
If the spinning micropores 6 of the production device are blocked, the using method further comprises a cleaning step, when the spinning micropores 6 are blocked, high-pressure gas is introduced into the annular cavity 9 through the first connecting pipe 3, then the gas in the annular cavity 9 is sucked, and the steps are repeated for many times, so that the blocking substances in the spinning micropores 6 are removed.
In order to obtain a nanofiber non-woven fabric with a larger area, in this embodiment, in step S5 of the using method, the electric telescopic rod 7 is controlled to continuously extend and retract, so that the cylindrical receiving device 2 reciprocates up and down on the periphery of the spinning drum 8, and thus the generated nanofibers can be more widely collected on the inner side surface of the cylindrical receiving device 2.
If necessary, the nonwoven fabric for air filtration prepared in this embodiment may further be subjected to post-treatment, and the specific post-treatment process is determined according to actual needs, which is not the key point of this embodiment and is not described in detail.
In this embodiment, the non-mentioned portions are formed by using the existing electrospinning technology, and these non-mentioned portions are not the main point of this embodiment and are not described again. For example, the material of the ring-shaped receiving device 2 and the spinning drum 8, the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator (for example, in the range of 15-40 kV), the spinning solution (for example, the spinning solution prepared by using high-molecular polymer such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, etc.), and the like can be selected as long as smooth spinning can be performed.
Through the non-woven fabric production device for air filtration and the use method provided by the embodiment, the embodiment has the following advantages:
1. when the production device of the embodiment is used for producing the non-woven fabric for air filtration, the spinning solution can be acted by centrifugal force, extrusion force of the air bag 11 and electric field force, and the formation of nano fibers is facilitated; meanwhile, due to the existence of the extrusion force of the air bag 11, the spinning process can be carried out at a lower rotating speed.
2. The annular cavity 9 of the production device of the embodiment is filled with spinning solution all the time, and simultaneously, the rotating speed is reduced relative to the traditional centrifugal electrostatic spinning, so that the spinning barrel 8 cannot shake or form vortex in the rotating process, and the spinning stability is better.
3. The annular cavity 9 of the production device of the embodiment is always filled with the spinning solution, so that each spinning micropore 6 in the spinning barrel 8 can participate in electrostatic spinning in the whole process, and partial spinning efficiency cannot be lost along with the consumption of the spinning solution; meanwhile, the distribution of the nano fibers received by the cylindrical receiving device 2 is relatively uniform, and the phenomenon of uneven thickness can not occur.
4. The wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel 8 of the production device of the embodiment is not provided with the spinning micropores 6, so that the spinning solution which enters the annular cavity 9 can not seep out of the spinning micropores 6; meanwhile, when the spinning is suspended or stopped halfway, the spinning solution can be separated from the spinning micropores 6 and fall back to the lower part of the spinning barrel 8 by quickly releasing the gas in the air bag 11, so that the problem that the spinning solution is still thrown out of the micropores because the rotating shaft 10 cannot be stopped in time due to the rotation inertia is avoided; meanwhile, the gas in the air bag 11 is quickly released, so that the solution in the spinning micropores 6 is retracted into the annular cavity 9 under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the condition that the spinning solution is remained in the spinning micropores 6 to cause blockage can be avoided as much as possible.
5. The reasonable setting of gasbag 11 is passed through to this embodiment for the volume of toroidal cavity 9 can constantly reduce along with spinning solution's consumption, also makes to adopt less spinning solution can be full of toroidal cavity 9 and contact the whole lateral wall that has the spinning cask 8 of major diameter, make full use of spinning micropore 6, and has practiced thrift spinning solution.
6. The production device of the embodiment can introduce high-pressure gas or suck to generate negative pressure in the spinning barrel 8 through the first connecting pipe 3 to clean the blocked spinning micropores 6.
7. The apparatus for producing of this embodiment can drive cylindrical receiving arrangement 2 up-and-down reciprocating motion through reciprocal telescoping device for nanofiber can collect the medial surface at cylindrical receiving arrangement 2 more extensively. Meanwhile, due to the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the cylindrical receiving device 2, the generated nano fibers can be more widely and crossly paved, and the strength of the nano fiber non-woven fabric is favorably improved; the prepared nanofiber non-woven fabric is higher in strength and larger in area, and can be applied to wider application scenes such as a mask and a haze prevention window when being used for air filtration.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A non-woven fabric production device for air filtration comprises an air bag (11), a cylindrical receiving device (2), a cover (5), a rotating shaft (10), a spinning barrel (8), a driving device, an electronic air pump, a liquid supply device, a reciprocating telescopic device and a high-voltage electrostatic generator; the method is characterized in that: the spinning barrel (8) is of a cylindrical hollow structure, an air bag (11) is arranged in the hollow structure, a cover (5) is arranged above the spinning barrel (8), and the upper end and the lower end of the air bag (11) are fixedly positioned in the middle of the cover (5) and the middle of the bottom surface of the spinning barrel (8) respectively, so that the air bag (11) is concentric with the spinning barrel (8) in an inflated state; an annular cavity (9) is formed between the spinning barrel (8) and the air bag (11), and the liquid supply device is used for supplying spinning solution into the annular cavity (9);
the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel (8) is uniformly provided with a plurality of spinning micropores (6) in a penetrating way, and the wall of the lower part of the spinning barrel (8) is not provided with the spinning micropores (6); the cylindrical receiving device (2) is of a hollow cylindrical structure without an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, and the cylindrical receiving device (2) surrounds the outer side of the spinning barrel (8) and is concentric with the spinning barrel (8);
the reciprocating telescopic device comprises a fixed block (1) and an electric telescopic rod (7), the fixed block (1) is fixed on the outer side wall of the cylindrical receiving device (2), one end of the electric telescopic rod (7) is fixedly connected with the fixed block (1), and the telescopic direction of the electric telescopic rod (7) is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (10);
the upper end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the spinning barrel (8), and the driving device drives the spinning barrel (8) to rotate by driving the rotating shaft (10) to rotate;
the electronic air pump is used for inflating or deflating the air bag (11);
the anode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the spinning barrel (8), and the cathode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the cylindrical receiving device (2);
the liquid supply device supplies liquid into the annular cavity (9) through a first connecting pipe (3), and electrostatic spinning solution is stored in the liquid supply device.
2. The apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric for air filtration according to claim 1, wherein: an opening is formed in one side of the cover (5) and a first connecting pipe (3) is communicated with the opening, and the first connecting pipe (3) is communicated with the annular cavity (9); the middle part of the cover (5) is provided with a through hole and communicated with a second connecting pipe (4), and the second connecting pipe (4) is communicated with the air bag (11).
3. The apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric for air filtration according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the through hole communicated with the second connecting pipe (4) is larger than that of the opening communicated with the first connecting pipe (3).
4. The apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric for air filtration according to claim 3, wherein: the outer side of the edge of the upper side of the spinning barrel (8) is provided with an external thread, the cover (5) is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread of the cover (5) is matched with the external thread of the spinning barrel (8) to be in threaded connection.
5. The apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric for air filtration according to claim 4, wherein: the height of the upper part of the spinning barrel (8) provided with the spinning micropores (6) accounts for two thirds to four fifths of the height of the whole spinning barrel (8); the height of the lower part of the spinning barrel (8) without the spinning micropores (6) accounts for one fifth to one third of the height of the whole spinning barrel (8).
6. The apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric for air filtration according to claim 5, wherein: the spinning micropores (6) are in a cone frustum shape, and one end with a smaller diameter faces the outer side of the spinning barrel (8).
7. Use of a nonwoven fabric production device for air filtration according to any of claims 2 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, exhausting the air in the air bag (11) to enable the air bag (11) to be in a flat state; feeding the spinning solution into the annular cavity (9) through a first connecting pipe (3) by using a liquid feeding device, and then closing the first connecting pipe (3); the spinning solution entering the annular cavity (9) is positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel (8);
s2, starting the driving device to enable the rotating shaft (10) to rotate under the transmission of the driving device and drive the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel (8) to rotate; starting an electronic air pump to inflate the air bag (11), wherein the air bag (11) extrudes the spinning solution positioned at the lower part of the spinning barrel (8) in the expanding process so that the spinning solution gradually rises to fill the whole annular cavity (9);
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft (10) through the driving device, and adjusting the pressure inside the air bag (11) through the electronic air pump, so that the spinning solution in the annular cavity (9) passes through the spinning micropores (6) on the wall of the upper part of the spinning barrel (8) under the action of centrifugal force and the pressure of the air bag (11), and forms a Taylor cone on the outer side surface of the spinning barrel (8);
s4, starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator, adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and selecting a proper radius of the cylindrical receiving device (2), so that a Taylor cone formed on the outer side surface of the spinning drum (8) is stretched into nanofibers under the action of an electrostatic field, and the nanofibers are received by the cylindrical receiving device (2) and form a nanofiber non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the nanofibers;
s5, in the electrostatic spinning process, the annular cavity (9) is always in a spinning solution full state by adjusting the internal pressure of the air bag (11), and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft (10) is controlled at the same time, so that the centrifugal force applied to the spinning solution in the annular cavity (9) is basically the same as the extrusion force of the air bag (11);
s6, when the electrostatic spinning work is finished, firstly, the gas in the air bag (11) is quickly released, then the high-voltage electrostatic generator is closed, then the driving device is closed, and the nanofiber non-woven fabric received on the cylindrical receiving device (2) is taken down to be the non-woven fabric for air filtration.
8. The use method of the nonwoven fabric production apparatus for air filtration according to claim 7, characterized in that: the using method further comprises a cleaning step, when the spinning micropores (6) are blocked, high-pressure gas is introduced into the annular cavity (9) through the first connecting pipe (3), and then the gas in the annular cavity (9) is sucked, so that the blockage in the spinning micropores (6) is cleaned repeatedly.
9. The use method of the nonwoven fabric production apparatus for air filtration according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S5 of the using method, the electric telescopic rod (7) is controlled to continuously stretch and contract, so that the cylindrical receiving device (2) reciprocates up and down on the periphery of the spinning barrel (8), and the generated nano fibers can be more widely collected on the inner side surface of the cylindrical receiving device (2).
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