CN110965137A - A kind of negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device and using method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device and using method thereof Download PDF

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CN110965137A
CN110965137A CN202010055166.9A CN202010055166A CN110965137A CN 110965137 A CN110965137 A CN 110965137A CN 202010055166 A CN202010055166 A CN 202010055166A CN 110965137 A CN110965137 A CN 110965137A
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negative pressure
spinning
spinneret
jet
receiving device
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何建新
翁凯
周玉嫚
邵伟力
刘凡
李方
孙晓艳
李梦营
陶雪姣
张景
岳万里
陈元昆
廖熙
于文
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Zhongyuan University of Technology
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0069Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于静电纺丝领域,特别是指一种负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置及其使用方法。包括高速旋转电机、传动装置、装置支撑架、高压发生器、负压作用的接收装置和供液装置,还包括喷丝装置。供液装置通过输液管与喷丝器相接,喷丝器与外层为有绝缘材质芯层为金属的联轴器相连,联轴器与传送带与高速电机对接,有效的避开了喷丝器施加高压后,对旋转电机造成的影响。高压发生器的正极通过碳刷磨擦传电与联接轴相连、负极与接收装置相连。本发明在传统的静电纺丝上,施加离心力的作用,利用离心力和静电力共同拉伸聚合物溶液,采用狭缝式细分射流喷丝器,不仅可以纺出均匀的纳米纤维,更可以批量化生产纳米纤维。

Figure 202010055166

The invention belongs to the field of electrospinning, in particular to a negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device and a use method thereof. It includes a high-speed rotating motor, a transmission device, a device support frame, a high-voltage generator, a receiving device for negative pressure, a liquid supply device, and a spinning device. The liquid supply device is connected with the spinneret through the infusion tube, and the spinneret is connected with the coupling whose outer layer is made of insulating material and the core layer is metal. The coupling is connected with the conveyor belt and the high-speed motor, which effectively avoids the spinning After the high voltage is applied to the device, the effect on the rotating electrical machine is caused. The positive pole of the high-voltage generator is connected to the connecting shaft through the frictional transmission of carbon brushes, and the negative pole is connected to the receiving device. In the traditional electrospinning, the present invention exerts the effect of centrifugal force, utilizes centrifugal force and electrostatic force to jointly stretch the polymer solution, and adopts a slit-type subdivided jet spinneret, which can not only spin out uniform nanofibers, but also produce batches of nanofibers. chemical production of nanofibers.

Figure 202010055166

Description

Negative-pressure multi-jet subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning, and particularly relates to a negative-pressure multi-jet subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device and a using method thereof.
Background
With the continuous requirement of life quality and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the nanofiber can be used in various fields such as waterproof moisture permeability, air filtration, energy storage and the like due to the advantages of extremely fine diameter, large specific surface area, high porosity and the like. Electrostatic spinning is considered to be one of the most effective methods for preparing nanofibers, the preparation method is simple and low in cost, but mass production of the nanofibers is always a difficult problem, and the nanofibers prepared by electrostatic spinning have poor orientation degree and low production efficiency, so that large-scale production of the nanofibers is limited. The centrifugal spinning method is a traditional method for preparing fibers, centrifugal force and shearing force generated by a high-speed rotating device are utilized to promote polymer melt or solution to be thrown out from fine holes to form fibers, the spinning efficiency is high, the fiber orientation degree of the prepared fiber membrane is high, but the diameter of the prepared fibers is large. The advantages of the two technologies are combined, the fineness of the nano fibers can be effectively reduced while the spinning efficiency is improved, the fiber arrangement is neat, the orientation degree is good, the mechanical property is excellent, and meanwhile, the spinning raw materials are diversified.
Most of centrifugal electrostatic spinning nozzles adopt shuttle-shaped or cylindrical nozzles, and common needles are used as spinning nozzles, so that the yield of the nanofibers can be properly increased while the fineness of the fibers is ensured. However, because of the limited number of needle arrangements, the further improvement of the yield is limited from another aspect, for example, the centrifugal spinning method mentioned in patent CN 106521808A. In addition to the centrifugal spinning nozzles with nozzles, nozzle-less centrifugal electrostatic spinning nozzles have been developed and improved by researchers in recent years, and include slit spinnerets, screen spinnerets, and the like. The spinning nozzle is characterized by high yield, but uneven thickness of fiber and unclear gradation of fiber structure. The invention aims to combine a slit type spinning nozzle and a screen mesh type to perform jet flow subdivision and refinement treatment on the basis of centrifugal electrostatic spinning, and ensures the diameter uniformity of fibers while realizing high-efficiency spinning so as to realize continuous high-yield nanofiber preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a negative-pressure multi-jet subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device and a using method thereof. The invention introduces centrifugal force on the basis of the traditional electrostatic spinning, increases the traction force to polymer jet flow under the combined action of the centrifugal force and the electrostatic force, and stretches to form the nano fiber, thereby solving the problems of batch production and application of the nano fiber.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a negative pressure multi-jet flow subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device comprises a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pump, a spinneret device, a power device, a high pressure generating device and a negative pressure receiving device, wherein the negative pressure receiving device comprises a semi-closed cavity and a metal receiving net, negative pressure airflow holes are uniformly distributed on the metal receiving net, the semi-closed cavity is connected with a pair of vacuum pumps, the vacuum pumps are arranged oppositely, and negative pressure airflow is formed inside and adsorbs nano fibers formed in the spinning process through the negative pressure airflow holes; the power device comprises a high-speed motor and a triangular conveyor belt, the high-speed motor is connected with an insulating connecting shaft through the triangular conveyor belt and then further connected to the spinning device to provide stable transmission, the positive electrode of the high-voltage generating device is electrically connected with a carbon brush, the carbon brush is fixed on the bottom plate, the metal end of the carbon brush is connected with a metal rod of a core layer of the insulating connecting shaft to transmit electricity to the spinning device, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage generating device is electrically connected with the negative pressure receiving device.
The spinneret comprises an upper cover, a lower seat and a screen, and is fixed through bolt combination, wherein the lower seat comprises a liquid storage tank and solution extrusion ports, the number of the solution extrusion ports on the lower seat is even, the number of the solution extrusion ports on the liquid storage tank in the middle of the spinneret is even, the solution extrusion ports are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference, spinning ports on the screen are micropores uniformly and continuously distributed, spinning solution is firstly gathered in the liquid storage tank of the spinneret, is thrown out through 2-20 liquid outlets of the solution extrusion ports in the high-speed rotating process, the pore diameter is 1.0-6.0mm, and is stretched through a narrow channel to form polymer jet flow, superfine multi-jet flow is formed through the micropores of the screen of the spinning ports, and nanofibers are formed under the action of electrostatic force and centrifugal force. The spinning machine is connected with the coupler, the outer insulating layer of the coupler, the core layer is a metal core, the coupler is in butt joint with the conveying belt and the high-speed motor, and the influence on the rotating motor is caused after the spinning machine applies high voltage is effectively avoided. The motor is attached to the supporting tray, and the belt conveying adopts triangle conveying, effectively improves the rotational speed, breaks through the rotational speed restriction of motor. The periphery of spinning jet is equipped with the receiving arrangement of negative pressure effect, and receiving arrangement is connected with the vacuum pump, and the adsorption of negative pressure for rotatory fibre that produces is quick attached to on collecting the net, reduces the mutual influence between rotatory in-process fibre and the fibre.
And liquid conveying pipes are arranged between the liquid storage tank and the liquid supply pump and between the liquid supply pump and the spinning device, the spinning device is positioned at the central position of the negative pressure receiving device, the bottom of the spinning device is connected with the insulating connecting shaft, and the negative pressure receiving device is positioned on the supporting device.
The supporting device comprises a supporting frame and a bottom plate, the negative pressure receiving device is positioned on the bottom plate and is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the aperture of a negative pressure airflow hole in a metal receiving net of the negative pressure receiving device is 0.1-5 mm.
One end of the insulating connecting shaft is connected with the spinning device, the other end of the insulating connecting shaft is connected with the triangular conveying belt, after the device is prevented from applying high voltage, the high voltage influences the normal rotation of the high-speed motor, the triangular conveying belt is connected with the high-speed motor, and the insulating connecting shaft applies positive electricity to the sliding friction of the spinning device through the carbon brush which is in contact with the insulating connecting shaft.
The motor tray four corners is fixed on the support frame, and high-speed motor inversion is adhered to and is fixed on the motor tray, reduces the vibrations that high-speed rotatory in-process of high-speed motor brought, influences the stability of spinning jet.
The use method of the negative pressure multi-jet flow subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the dried polyacrylonitrile powder into a dimethylformamide solution, and stirring for 4-20h at 50-90 ℃ to obtain a polyacrylonitrile solution with the mass fraction of 8-25%;
(2) building a negative pressure receiving device, starting a high-speed motor, setting the rotating speed to be 500-7000r/min, and starting a vacuum pump, wherein the pressure is-0.01-0.5 Mpa;
(3) turning on the high-voltage generating device, setting the positive voltage output to be 0-50KV, and setting the negative voltage output to be-0.1-10 KV;
(4) and (3) when the high-speed motor in the step (2) rotates at a constant speed and the voltage of the high-voltage generator in the step (3) is stable, pouring the polyacrylonitrile spinning solution obtained in the step (1) into a liquid storage tank, starting a liquid supply pump, setting the propelling quantity to be 1-50ml/h, continuously conveying the spinning solution into the spinneret 1 through a liquid conveying pipe 13, starting continuous and uniform spinning, and taking down the fiber membrane from the metal receiving net after the spinning is finished.
The molecular weight of the polyacrylonitrile is 50000-500000.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention increases the action of centrifugal force on the basis of the traditional electrostatic spinning, utilizes the combined action of the centrifugal force and the electrostatic force to stretch the polymer solution, not only can thin the fiber, but also can produce the oriented nano fiber in batch. In the centrifugal spinning device, the slit subdivision jet concept is adopted, the position of an extrusion opening of the slit spinning device is added with a screen to cut polymer jet, the fineness and the uniformity of jet flow thrown out from the spinning opening are refined, uniform nano fibers are more favorably formed, meanwhile, the yield of the nano fibers effectively increased in the slit spinning is greatly improved, and the superfine nano fibers can be obtained. The collecting device is connected with the vacuum pump through negative pressure adsorption, the semi-closed receiving device is connected with the vacuum pump, negative pressure is generated on a receiving net, adsorption of nano fibers is facilitated, interference between fibers in the rotating process is reduced, the device is convenient to install, simple and convenient, and the spinning effect is good.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-jet flow subdivision type centrifugal electrostatic spinning device under the action of negative pressure adsorption.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a multi-jet flow subdivided centrifugal electrostatic spinning device under the action of negative pressure adsorption.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spinneret structure.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret.
FIG. 5 is a 5000-fold scanning electron micrograph of fibers prepared by using the device.
Fig. 6 is a graph comparing mechanical properties of the fiber membranes prepared in the application examples and the comparative examples.
Wherein: 1-spinneret, 2-negative pressure receiving device, 3-high pressure generating device, 4-vacuum pump, 5-liquid supply pump, 6-liquid storage tank, 7-bottom plate, 8-carbon brush, 9-high speed motor, 10-triangular conveyor belt, 11-support frame, 12-speed measuring device, 13-liquid conveying pipe, 14-insulating connecting shaft, 15-liquid inlet, 16-spinning port, 17-negative pressure airflow port, 18-solution extrusion port, 19-liquid storage tank, 20-motor tray, 22-semi-closed cavity, 23-metal receiving net, 23-upper cover and 24-lower seat.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrostatic spinning device comprises a liquid storage tank 6, a liquid supply pump 5, a spinning device 1, a negative pressure receiving device 2, a power device high-speed motor 9, a supporting frame 11, a bottom plate 7, a high-voltage generating device 3 and a transmission device 10 as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, wherein the high-speed motor 9 is connected with an insulating connecting shaft 14 through a triangular conveying belt 10 and further connected onto the spinning device 1 to provide stable transmission. The high-speed motor 9 is attached to the motor tray 20, the periphery of the spinning device 1 is provided with the negative pressure receiving device 2, and the liquid supply pump 5 continuously extracts spinning liquid from the liquid storage tank 6 to extrude and supply the spinning liquid to the spinning device 1; the anode of the high voltage generator 3 is electrically connected with the carbon brush 8, the carbon brush 8 is fixed on the bottom plate 7, the metal end of the carbon brush 8 is connected with the metal bar of the core layer of the insulated connecting shaft 14 to transmit electricity for the spinning nozzle 1, and the cathode is electrically connected with the negative voltage receiving device 2.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the spinneret comprises an upper cover 23, a lower seat 24 and a screen mesh, and is fixed by a bolt combination, wherein the lower seat 24 comprises a liquid storage tank 19 and solution extrusion openings 18, the number of the solution extrusion openings on the lower seat 24 is even, and the polymer jet is formed by drawing through a narrow passage, the number of the solution extrusion openings of the liquid storage tank 19 in the middle of the spinneret 1 is even, the solution extrusion openings are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference, the spinning openings 16 on the screen mesh are uniformly and continuously distributed micropores, the spinning solution is firstly gathered in the liquid storage tank of the spinneret, is thrown out through 2-20 liquid outlets of the solution extrusion openings during high-speed rotation, the hole diameter is 1.0-6.0mm, and is drawn through the narrow passage to form the polymer jet, the superfine multi-jet is formed by cutting the micropores of the spinning narrow opening screen mesh 16, and the nano-fiber is formed under the action of. The spinning machine is connected with the coupler, the outer insulating layer of the coupler, the core layer is a metal core, the coupler is in butt joint with the conveying belt and the high-speed motor, and the influence on the rotating motor is caused after the spinning machine applies high voltage is effectively avoided. The motor is attached to the supporting tray, and the belt conveying adopts triangle conveying, effectively improves the rotational speed, breaks through the rotational speed restriction of motor. The periphery of spinning jet is equipped with the receiving arrangement of negative pressure effect, and receiving arrangement is connected with the vacuum pump, and the adsorption of negative pressure for rotatory fibre that produces is quick attached to on collecting the net, reduces the mutual influence between rotatory in-process fibre and the fibre.
Preferably, one end of the insulated connecting shaft 14 is connected with the spinneret 1, and the other end is connected with the triangular conveying belt 10, so that the high voltage is prevented from influencing the normal rotation of the high-speed motor 9 after the device applies high voltage. The triangular conveyor belt 10 is connected with the high-speed motor 9, and the position of the triangular conveyor belt is set to skillfully improve the upper limit of the rotating speed. The insulated connection shaft 14 applies positive electricity to the sliding friction of the spinneret 1 through the carbon brush 8.
Example 2
According to the negative-pressure multi-jet subdivided centrifugal electrostatic spinning device, the solution extrusion ports of the middle liquid storage tank 9 of the spinneret 1 are even in number and are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference, the spinning ports 16 are micropores uniformly and continuously distributed, the pore size is 0.1mm, polymer jet can be completely split, and multiple jets can be further subdivided.
Preferably, four corners of the motor tray 20 are fixed on the support frame 11, and the high-speed motor 9 is reversely attached and fixed on the motor tray 20, so that vibration caused by the high-speed rotation process of the high-speed motor 9 is reduced, and the spinning stability of the spinning device 1 is affected.
Preferably, the negative pressure receiving device 2 comprises a semi-closed cavity 22 and a metal receiving net 21, and the aperture of the small hole of the metal receiving net 21 is 1 mm. The semi-closed cavity 22 is connected with a vacuum pump 4 which is arranged oppositely, and negative pressure airflow is formed inside to adsorb the nano-fibers formed in the spinning process through a negative pressure airflow port 17.
The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Application example
The application method of the negative-pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrostatic spinning device in the application embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the dried polyacrylonitrile powder into a dimethylformamide solution, and stirring for 5 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain a polyacrylonitrile solution with the mass fraction of 12%. The molecular weight of the polyacrylonitrile is 100000;
(2) building the negative pressure receiving device 2, starting the high-speed motor 9 at the rotating speed of 1000r/min, and starting the vacuum pump at the pressure of-0.2 Mpa;
(3) turning on the high voltage generator 3, setting the positive voltage output to 20KV and the negative voltage output to-2 KV;
(4) and (3) when the high-speed motor in the step (2) rotates at a constant speed and the voltage of the high-voltage generator in the step (3) is stable, pouring the polyacrylonitrile spinning solution obtained in the step (1) into a liquid storage tank 6, opening a liquid supply pump 5, setting the propelling quantity to be 20ml/h, and continuously conveying the spinning solution into the spinneret 1 through a liquid conveying pipe 13. And (3) starting continuous and uniform spinning, and after the spinning is finished, taking off the fiber film from the metal receiving net, wherein the fibers are represented by an electron microscope as shown in figure 5. FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope 5000 times that of the prepared fiber film, the fiber thickness is uniform, the diameter is distributed at 100-200nm, and the fiber film has good orientation.
Comparative example
The preparation of the fiber membrane is carried out by using the centrifugal electrostatic spinning of the existing needle head, the same spinning solution and electrostatic process in the application example are utilized, the nozzle in the embodiment 2 used in the application example is replaced by a conventional needle head (23G, the diameter of the needle opening is 0.33 mm), the negative pressure receiving device is replaced by a common metal receiving net, and the electrostatic spinning is carried out to prepare the fiber membrane; the mechanical properties of the fiber membrane prepared by the application example are shown in figure 6, and the fiber membrane spun by the device has the breaking stress of 6.05MPa and the breaking elongation of 57.9 percent as can be seen from figure 6. Compared with the needle centrifugal electrostatic spinning fiber membrane with the breaking stress of 3.05Mpa and the breaking elongation of 39.2 percent, the fiber membrane prepared by the method has the advantages of obviously better mechanical property than the common needle centrifugal electrostatic spinning fiber membrane, and good application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1.一种负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,包括储液罐(6)、供液泵(5)、喷丝器(1)、动力装置和高压发生装置(3),其特征在于:还包括负压接收装置(2),所述负压接收装置(2)包括半封闭空腔(22)和金属接收网(21),金属接收网(21)上均匀分布有负压气流孔(17),半封闭空腔(22)与一对真空泵(4)相连,真空泵(4)相对设置,内部形成负压气流通过负压气流孔(17)吸附纺丝过程中形成的纳米纤维;所述动力装置包括高速电机(9)和三角传送带(10),高速电机(9)通过三角传送带(10)与绝缘连接轴(14)相连,再进一步连接到喷丝器(1)上,以提供稳步传动,高压发生装置(3)的正极与碳刷(8)电性相连,碳刷(8)固定于底板 (7)上,碳刷(8)金属端与绝缘连接轴(14)芯层金属棒相接,为喷丝器(1)传电,负极与负压接收装置(2)电性相连。1. A negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device, comprising a liquid storage tank (6), a liquid supply pump (5), a spinneret (1), a power unit and a high-voltage generating device (3), which It is characterized in that: it further comprises a negative pressure receiving device (2), the negative pressure receiving device (2) comprises a semi-closed cavity (22) and a metal receiving net (21), and negative pressure is evenly distributed on the metal receiving net (21). The air flow hole (17), the semi-closed cavity (22) is connected with a pair of vacuum pumps (4), the vacuum pumps (4) are arranged oppositely, and a negative pressure air flow is formed inside through the negative pressure air flow hole (17) to absorb the nanometer particles formed during the spinning process. Fiber; the power device includes a high-speed motor (9) and a V-belt (10), and the high-speed motor (9) is connected to the insulating connecting shaft (14) through the V-belt (10), and is further connected to the spinneret (1) , in order to provide stable transmission, the positive pole of the high voltage generating device (3) is electrically connected with the carbon brush (8), the carbon brush (8) is fixed on the bottom plate (7), and the metal end of the carbon brush (8) is connected with the insulating shaft (14). ) core layer metal rods are connected to transmit electricity for the spinneret (1), and the negative electrode is electrically connected to the negative pressure receiving device (2). 2.根据权利要求1所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,其特征在于:所述喷丝器包括上盖(23)、下座(24)和筛网,并通过螺栓组合固定,其中下座(24)包括储液槽(19)和溶液挤出口(18),下座(24)上的溶液挤出口数量为偶数,喷丝器(1)中部的储液槽(19)的溶液挤出口数量为偶数,在圆周上等间距布置,筛网上的纺丝口(16)为均匀连续分布的微孔,纺丝液首先聚集在喷丝器(1)的储液槽(19)中,在高速旋转过程中通过溶液挤出口(18)的2-20个出液口甩出,孔径为1.0-6.0mm,并通过狭道拉伸形成聚合物射流,通过纺丝口(16)的筛网微孔切分形成超细多射流,在静电力和离心力的作用下形成纳米纤维。2. The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spinneret comprises an upper cover (23), a lower seat (24) and a screen, and is connected by bolts The combination is fixed, wherein the lower seat (24) includes a liquid storage tank (19) and a solution extrusion port (18), the number of solution extrusion ports on the lower seat (24) is an even number, and the liquid storage tank ( 19) The number of solution extrusion openings is even, and they are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference. The spinning openings (16) on the screen are uniform and continuously distributed micropores, and the spinning solution is first gathered in the liquid storage tank of the spinneret (1). In (19), in the process of high-speed rotation, it is thrown out through 2-20 liquid outlets of the solution extrusion port (18), with a diameter of 1.0-6.0mm, and is stretched through a narrow channel to form a polymer jet, which passes through the spinning port. The micropores of the screen mesh of (16) are cut to form ultra-fine multi-jets, and nanofibers are formed under the action of electrostatic force and centrifugal force. 3.根据权利要求1所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,其特征在于:所述储液罐(6)与供液泵(5)之间、供液泵(5)与喷丝器(1)之间均设有输液管(13),喷丝器(1)位于负压接收装置(2)的中心位置,喷丝器(1)底部与绝缘连接轴(14)轴连接,负压接收装置(2)位于支撑装置上。3. The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the liquid storage tank (6) and the liquid supply pump (5), the liquid supply pump (5) An infusion tube (13) is provided between the spinneret (1), the spinneret (1) is located at the center of the negative pressure receiving device (2), and the bottom of the spinneret (1) is connected to an insulating connecting shaft (14). The shaft is connected, and the negative pressure receiving device (2) is located on the supporting device. 4.根据权利要求1所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,其特征在于:所述支撑装置包括支撑架(11)和底板(7),负压接收装置(2)位于底板(7)上,负压接收装置(2)与真空泵(4)之间通过管道连接,负压接收装置(2)的金属接收网(21)上的负压气流孔(17)的孔径为0.1-5mm。4. The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting device comprises a supporting frame (11) and a bottom plate (7), and the negative pressure receiving device (2) is located in On the bottom plate (7), the negative pressure receiving device (2) and the vacuum pump (4) are connected by pipelines, and the negative pressure air flow hole (17) on the metal receiving net (21) of the negative pressure receiving device (2) has a hole diameter of 0.1-5mm. 5.根据权利要求1所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,其特征在于:所述绝缘连接轴(14)一端与喷丝器(1)相连,另一端与三角传送带(10)相接,防止装置施加高压后,高压影响高速电机(9)的正常旋转,三角传送带(10)与高速电机(9)相接,绝缘连接轴(14)通过与绝缘连接轴(14)相接触的碳刷(8)对喷丝器(1)滑动摩擦施加正电。5. The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the insulating connecting shaft (14) is connected with the spinneret (1), and the other end is connected with the triangle conveyor (14). 10) Connected to prevent the high voltage from affecting the normal rotation of the high-speed motor (9) after the device applies high voltage. The triangle conveyor belt (10) is connected to the high-speed motor (9), and the insulating connecting shaft (14) passes through the insulating connecting shaft (14). The contacting carbon brushes (8) apply a positive charge to the spinning friction of the spinneret (1). 6.根据权利要求1所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置,其特征在于:电机托盘(20)四角固定在支撑架(11)上,高速电机(9)倒置附着固定在电机托盘(20)上,减少高速电机(9)高速旋转过程中带来的震动,影响喷丝器(1)纺丝的稳定性。6 . The negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 1 , wherein the four corners of the motor tray ( 20 ) are fixed on the support frame ( 11 ), and the high-speed motor ( 9 ) is inverted and fixed on the support frame ( 11 ). 7 . On the motor tray (20), the vibration caused by the high-speed motor (9) during high-speed rotation is reduced, which affects the spinning stability of the spinneret (1). 7.权利要求1-6任一项所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置的使用方法,其特征在于步骤为:7. the using method of the negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that step is: 1)将干燥的聚丙烯腈粉末加入到二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,在50-90℃下搅拌4-20h,得到质量分数为8-25%的聚丙烯腈溶液;1) Add the dry polyacrylonitrile powder to the dimethylformamide solution, and stir at 50-90°C for 4-20h to obtain a polyacrylonitrile solution with a mass fraction of 8-25%; 2)将负压接收装置(2)搭建好,打开高速电机(9),转速设置为500-7000r/min,打开真空泵(4),压力-0.01- -0.5Mpa;2) Set up the negative pressure receiving device (2), turn on the high-speed motor (9), set the speed to 500-7000r/min, turn on the vacuum pump (4), and the pressure is -0.01-0.5Mpa; 3)打开高压发生装置(3),正电压输出设置为0-50KV,负电压输出设置为-0.1- -10kv;3) Turn on the high-voltage generator (3), set the positive voltage output to 0-50KV, and the negative voltage output to -0.1--10KV; 4)待步骤2)高速电机匀速转动和步骤3)高压发生器电压稳定,将步骤1)所得聚丙烯腈纺丝液倒入储液罐(6)中,打开供液泵(5),推进量设置为1-50ml/h,纺丝液通过输液管(13)向喷丝器(1)中连续输送纺丝液,开始连续均匀的纺丝,纺丝结束后,从金属接受网上取下纤维膜。4) After step 2) the high-speed motor rotates at a constant speed and step 3) the voltage of the high-voltage generator is stable, pour the polyacrylonitrile spinning solution obtained in step 1) into the liquid storage tank (6), turn on the liquid supply pump (5), and push The volume is set to 1-50ml/h, the spinning solution is continuously transported to the spinneret (1) through the infusion tube (13), and the continuous and uniform spinning starts. After the spinning is completed, it is removed from the metal receiving net fibrous membrane. 8.根据权利要求7所述的负压多射流细分式离心静电纺丝装置的使用方法,其特征在于:所述聚丙烯腈的分子量为50000-500000。8 . The using method of the negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device according to claim 7 , wherein the molecular weight of the polyacrylonitrile is 50,000-500,000. 9 .
CN202010055166.9A 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 A kind of negative pressure multi-jet subdivision centrifugal electrospinning device and using method thereof Pending CN110965137A (en)

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