CN105887223A - High-speed centrifugal spinning device for producing nanofiber yarn in one-step shaping and production method of nanofiber yarn - Google Patents
High-speed centrifugal spinning device for producing nanofiber yarn in one-step shaping and production method of nanofiber yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN105887223A CN105887223A CN201610308336.3A CN201610308336A CN105887223A CN 105887223 A CN105887223 A CN 105887223A CN 201610308336 A CN201610308336 A CN 201610308336A CN 105887223 A CN105887223 A CN 105887223A
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- rotating centrifugal
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- high speed
- rotatable cylindrical
- centrifugal post
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/18—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by means of rotating spinnerets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
- D01F6/625—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed centrifugal spinning device for producing nanofiber yarn. The high-speed centrifugal spinning device is characterized by comprising a hollow rotating centrifugal column, a rotating cylinder collector, a roller, a winding unit and a transmission gear; a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged in the outer wall of the rotating centrifugal column, and the spray nozzles are communicated with a central cavity of the rotating centrifugal column through radial channels in the rotating centrifugal column; the rotating cylinder collector is located on the outer periphery of the rotating centrifugal column; the roller is located on the upper side of the rotating cylinder collector; the winding unit is located at the rear end of the roller, and the transmission gear drives the winding unit to rotate. The invention further discloses a production method of the nanofiber yarn. According to the advantages of the high-speed centrifugal spinning device in producing the nanofiber yarn, and spinning of the collector is combined technically, the nanofiber yarn which is controllable and highly oriented is obtained; the yield is greatly increased as compared with that of the nanofiber yarn obtained by other production methods, spinning quality is greatly improved, mechanical property of the nanofiber yarn is enhanced, machining reproducibility is good, and good industrial production prospect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to textile technology field, particularly relate to a kind of one-step shaping and prepare high speed centrifugation spinning equipment and the nano-fibre yams preparation method of nano-fibre yams.
Background technology
There is unique advantage extremely expert, the favor of scholar that other fibers such as extra specific surface area, ultra-fine porosity and good physicochemical property can not have due to nanofiber, it is widely applied field and is paid close attention to by the public, is mainly used in the fields such as tissue engineering bracket, drug release, filter medium, artificial blood vessel, biochip, nano-sensor, optics, energy storage, composite.The method preparing nanofiber has many kinds, such as pulling method, microphase-separated, templated synthesis, self assembly, electrostatic spinning etc..Wherein method of electrostatic spinning directly can prepare continuous fiber from polymer or composite, and it is widely used with simple to operate, applied widely, production efficiency relatively advantages of higher.But, current Static Spinning product is mostly nano fibrous membrane, and its product form is single so that being of limited application of nanofiber.The random orientation structure of nano fibrous membrane and poor mechanical property significantly limit its textile applications.Its inherent shortcoming limits the method business large-scale use: mainly has in nanofiber preparation process and needs applying high voltage electric field particularly Multi needle to be centrifuged electrostatic spinning, can occur mutually exclusive owing to carrying like charges from the jet of taylor cone top spray injection, easily make needle tip drop unstable, cause syringe needle blocking or drips, the nanofiber pattern of preparation and diameter uniformity is poor, production efficiency is low；Prepare nanofiber raw material single, be only limited to polymer, and pottery, the nanofiber of metal material cannot use the method to prepare；The pollution produced during polymer needs a certain proportion of solvent to make solution have conductivity.In recent years, also processing method is constantly being improved, such as jet resultant yarn method, bipolar electrode orientation resultant yarn method, eddy current resultant yarn method, wet method and catcher circumgyration etc., some of them device is due to electric field repulsion effect between uncontrollable good each shower nozzle, spinning liquid jet direction is unstable, cause fiber alignment degree in the bundles of nanofibers of preparation low, poor mechanical property.Some devices improved can improve the bundles of nanofibers degree of orientation of preparation simultaneously, but its apparatus structure is complicated, and spinning head quantity and the change of other structure are dumb, and fiber bundle structure is single, also limit the popularization of device.How to overcome the inherent shortcoming of electrospun nanofibers, research design is a kind of need not apply high voltage electric field, can prepare the nanofiber not retrained by conductivity and preparation method that production efficiency can be largely increased has become to prepare both at home and abroad the research emphasis of nanofiber, and the standby nano-fibre yams of high speed centrifugation power spinning is just meeting this industry and Research Requirements.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at for the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of one-step shaping that can improve spinning quality prepares high speed centrifugation spinning equipment and the nano-fibre yams preparation method of nano-fibre yams.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of one-step shaping prepares the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams, it is characterised in that: it includes
Hollow rotating centrifugal post, described rotating centrifugal column outer wall is provided with multiple nozzle, and described nozzle is communicated with rotating centrifugal post central cavity by the radial passage on rotating centrifugal post jamb；
It is positioned at the rotatable cylindrical collector that rotating centrifugal post is peripheral；
It is positioned at the roller above rotatable cylindrical collector；
And be positioned at the coiler device of described roller rear end and drive the actuating device of coiler device rotation.
It is further characterized by described rotating centrifugal post is circular or square.
Preferred: described nozzle diameter is 100 m ~ 500 m.
Rotatable cylindrical collector internal diameter is 200 mm ~ 400 mm, and thickness is 25mm.
Described rotating centrifugal post, radial passage, multiple nozzle and the symmetrical layout of rotatable cylindrical collector.
Described roller is arranged on above rotatable cylindrical collector, and the air line distance bottom rotatable cylindrical collector is 25
cm~35 cm。
The one-step shaping of a kind of high speed centrifugation spinning equipment using above-mentioned one-step shaping to prepare nano-fibre yams prepares the preparation method of nanofiber resultant yarn, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) by rotating centrifugal post respectively to radial passage, multiple nozzle provide spinning liquid, rotating centrifugal post, radial passage, nozzle at high speeds rotate；
(2) spinning liquid is under high speed centrifugation power effect, multiple nozzles spray jet respectively, and the volatilization of the solvent in spinning liquid, obtains many nanofibers and rotate in rotatable cylindrical collector in this process；
(3) rotatable cylindrical collector spins with certain speed, makes nanofiber have certain twist, and forms the nano-fibre yams with certain twist；
(4) add the nano-fibre yams that is twisted after roller is drawn, be wound device and collect.
Preferred: described rotatable cylindrical collector rotary speed is 80 r/min ~ 150
r/min；Described coiler device rotary speed is 300 r/min ~ 2500 r/min.
A kind of embodiment concretely comprises the following steps:
A, preparation PLA mass fraction are the CHCl3 solution of 5 %, through magnetic agitation and ultrasonic after make it fully dissolve；
B, the CHCl3 solution injection rotating centrifugal post that will obtain, and with rotating centrifugal post high speed rotating, by radial passage continuously to multiple jet；
C, under the effect of high speed rotating centrifugal force, CHCl3 solution jetting nozzle, in this process CHCl3 solvent volatilization, obtain many PLA nanofibers and rotate in rotatable cylindrical collector；The diameter of PLA nanofiber is realized by controlling the rotating speed of rotating centrifugal post；
Multiple single PLA nanofiber on d, rotating centrifugal post is done spin motion to realize PLA nanofiber bunchy by rotatable cylindrical collector, and is formed during the course and have the PLA nano-fibre yams of certain twist and drawn by roller；
E, the PLA nano fibre yarn of process twisting are wound device and collect, and i.e. can get nano-fibre yams.
The present invention, according to the advantage of the standby nanofiber of high speed centrifugation spinning, in combination with the Technology Ways of catcher spin, has obtained controllable, highly oriented nano-fibre yams.Its yield compares and other methods preparing nanofiber increase substantially, and its spinning quality also has greatly improved, the mechanical performance of nano-fibre yams has strengthened, and its machining reproducibility is good, has preferable IP prospecting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that high speed rotating centrifugal of the present invention spins one-step method and prepares the operating procedure schematic diagram of nano-fibre yams.
Fig. 2 is centrifuged spinning head structure principle chart.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of one-step shaping prepares the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams, it includes hollow rotating centrifugal post 1, described rotating centrifugal post 1 outer wall is provided with multiple nozzle 3, and described nozzle 3 is communicated with rotating centrifugal post 1 central cavity by the radial passage 2 on rotating centrifugal post 1 wall；It is positioned at the rotatable cylindrical collector 5 of rotating centrifugal post 1 periphery；It is positioned at the roller 6 above rotatable cylindrical collector 5；And be positioned at the coiler device 8 of described roller 6 rear end and drive the actuating device 9 of coiler device 8 rotation.Described rotating centrifugal post 1 shape can be circular or square.A diameter of 100 m ~ 500 m of described nozzle 3.Rotatable cylindrical collector 5 internal diameter is 200 mm ~ 400 mm, and thickness is 25mm.Described rotating centrifugal post 1, radial passage 2, multiple nozzle 3 and the rotatable symmetrical layout of cylindrical collector 5.Described roller 7 is arranged on above rotatable cylindrical collector 5, and the air line distance bottom rotatable cylindrical collector 54 is 25 cm ~ 35 cm.
The preparation of embodiment 1: PLA nano-fibre yams
A, preparation PLA mass fraction are the CHCl of 5 %3Solution, through magnetic agitation and ultrasonic after make it fully dissolve.
B, the CHCl that will obtain3Solution injects rotating centrifugal post 1, and rotating centrifugal post 1, radial passage 2, nozzle 3 are linkage, and with rotating centrifugal post 1 high speed rotating, radial passage 2 is continuously to multiple nozzle 3 feed flows.
C, under the effect of high speed rotating centrifugal force, CHCl3Solution jetting nozzle 3, in this process CHCl3Solvent volatilizees, and obtains many PLA nanofibers 4 and rotates in cylindrical collector 5.The diameter of nanofiber is realized by controlling the rotating speed of rotating centrifugal post 1.
Multiple single PLA nanofiber 4 on d, rotating centrifugal post 1 is done spin motion by rotatable cylindrical collector 5 with certain speed to be had the PLA nano-fibre yams 6 of certain twist and is drawn by roller 7 realizing fiber bunchy being formed during the course.
E, the PLA nano-fibre yams 6 of process twisting are wound device 8 and collect, and i.e. can get continuous print nano-fibre yams.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of nylon nano fiber yarn
A, preparation nylon mass fraction be the formic acid solution of 8 ~ 12%, through magnetic agitation and ultrasonic after make it fully dissolve.
B, the formic acid solution injection rotating centrifugal post 1 that will obtain, rotating centrifugal post 1, radial passage 2, nozzle 3 are linkage, and with rotating centrifugal post 1 high speed rotating, radial passage 2 is continuously to multiple nozzle 3 feed flows.
C, under the effect of high speed rotating centrifugal force, formic acid solution jetting nozzle 3, in this process formic acid solvent volatilization, obtain many nylon nano fibers and rotate in cylindrical collector 5.The diameter of nanofiber is realized by controlling the rotating speed of rotating centrifugal post 1.
Multiple single nylon nano fiber on d, rotating centrifugal post 1 is done spin motion by rotatable cylindrical collector 5 with certain speed to be had the nylon nano fiber yarn of certain twist and is drawn by roller 7 realizing fiber bunchy being formed during the course.
E, the nylon nano fiber yarn of process twisting are wound device 8 and collect, and i.e. can get continuous print nylon nano fiber yarn.
The preparation of embodiment 3:PAN nano-fibre yams
A, preparation PAN mass fraction be the DMF solution of 5 ~ 10%, through magnetic agitation and ultrasonic after make it fully dissolve.
B, the DMF solution injection rotating centrifugal post 1 that will obtain, rotating centrifugal post 1, radial passage 2, nozzle 3 are linkage, and with rotating centrifugal post 1 high speed rotating, radial passage 2 is continuously to multiple nozzle 3 feed flows.
C, under the effect of high speed rotating centrifugal force, DMF solution jetting nozzle 3, in this process DMF solvent volatilization, obtain many PAN nanofibers and rotate in cylindrical collector 5.The diameter of nanofiber is realized by controlling the rotating speed of rotating centrifugal post 1.
Multiple single PAN nanofiber on d, rotating centrifugal post 1 is done spin motion by rotatable cylindrical collector 5 with certain speed to be had the PAN nano-fibre yams of certain twist and is drawn by roller 7 realizing fiber bunchy being formed during the course.
E, the PAN nano-fibre yams of process twisting are wound device 8 and collect, and i.e. can get continuous print PAN nano-fibre yams.
Below described embodiment of the present invention in detail, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art and can do the essence spirit much improving and varying without departing from the present invention.All these changes and improvements are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an one-step shaping prepares the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams, it is characterised in that: it includes
Hollow rotating centrifugal post, described rotating centrifugal column outer wall is provided with multiple nozzle, and described nozzle is communicated with rotating centrifugal post central cavity by the radial passage on rotating centrifugal post jamb；
It is positioned at the rotatable cylindrical collector that rotating centrifugal post is peripheral；
It is positioned at the roller above rotatable cylindrical collector；
And be positioned at the coiler device of described roller rear end and drive the actuating device of coiler device rotation.
One-step shaping the most according to claim 1 prepares the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams, it is characterised in that: described rotating centrifugal post is circular or square.
One-step shaping the most according to claim 2 prepares the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams, it is characterised in that: described nozzle diameter is 100 m ~ 500 m.
4. the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams is prepared according to the one-step shaping described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: rotatable cylindrical collector internal diameter is 200 mm ~ 400 mm, and thickness is 25mm.
5. the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams is prepared according to the one-step shaping described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: described rotating centrifugal post, radial passage, multiple nozzle and the symmetrical layout of rotatable cylindrical collector.
6. the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment of nano-fibre yams is prepared according to the one-step shaping described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described roller is arranged on above rotatable cylindrical collector, the air line distance bottom rotatable cylindrical collector is 25 cm ~ 35 cm.
7. the one-step shaping of the high speed centrifugation spinning equipment using one-step shaping described in claim 1 to prepare nano-fibre yams prepares the preparation method of nanofiber resultant yarn, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) by rotating centrifugal post respectively to radial passage, multiple nozzle provide spinning liquid, rotating centrifugal post, radial passage, nozzle at high speeds rotate；
(2) spinning liquid is under high speed centrifugation power effect, multiple nozzles spray jet respectively, and the volatilization of the solvent in spinning liquid, obtains many nanofibers and rotate in rotatable cylindrical collector in this process；
(3) rotatable cylindrical collector spins with certain speed, makes nanofiber have certain twist, and forms the nano-fibre yams with certain twist；
(4) add the nano-fibre yams that is twisted after roller is drawn, be wound device and collect.
One-step shaping the most according to claim 7 prepares the preparation method of nanofiber resultant yarn, it is characterised in that: described rotatable cylindrical collector rotary speed is 80
r/min~150 r/min；Described coiler device rotary speed is 300 r/min ~ 2500 r/min.
9. prepare the preparation method of nanofiber resultant yarn according to the one-step shaping described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that described preparation method concretely comprises the following steps:
A, preparation PLA mass fraction are the CHCl of 5 %3Solution, through magnetic agitation and ultrasonic after make it fully dissolve；
B, the CHCl that will obtain3Solution injects rotating centrifugal post, and with rotating centrifugal post high speed rotating, by radial passage continuously to multiple jet；
C, under the effect of high speed rotating centrifugal force, CHCl3Solution jetting nozzle, in this process CHCl3Solvent volatilizees, and obtains many PLA nanofibers and rotates in rotatable cylindrical collector；The diameter of PLA nanofiber is realized by controlling the rotating speed of rotating centrifugal post；
Multiple single PLA nanofiber on d, rotating centrifugal post is done spin motion to realize PLA nanofiber bunchy by rotatable cylindrical collector, and is formed during the course and have the PLA nano-fibre yams of certain twist and drawn by roller；
E, the PLA nano fibre yarn of process twisting are wound device and collect, and i.e. can get nano-fibre yams.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106811845A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-09 | 东华大学 | It is spherical to spurt brush type mass nano fibre yarn wire processing device and its application method |
| CN108842242A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-20 | 武汉纺织大学 | Nano-fibre yams and preparation method thereof |
| CN108866657A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of collection device of polymer nanofiber |
| CN110863349A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-03-06 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of centrifugal spinning nanofiber body material |
| CN111647959A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-11 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-needle-head spinning fiber preparation device and method based on online algorithm |
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| CN111647959A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-11 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-needle-head spinning fiber preparation device and method based on online algorithm |
| CN111647959B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2024-02-20 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-needle type spinning fiber preparation device and method based on online algorithm |
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