CN112673880A - Tree planting method and fly ash material used by same - Google Patents
Tree planting method and fly ash material used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN112673880A CN112673880A CN202110055439.4A CN202110055439A CN112673880A CN 112673880 A CN112673880 A CN 112673880A CN 202110055439 A CN202110055439 A CN 202110055439A CN 112673880 A CN112673880 A CN 112673880A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for planting trees and a fly ash material used by the method, after tree pits and grouting holes are constructed and filled with slurry materials, soil conditions for survival of trees and a channel (grouting hole) for downward growth and development of root systems through calcareous layer soil are established, and a grouting mode is adopted, so that a good soil foundation beneficial to survival, development and growth of seedlings is provided, and the full soil moisture of the survival of the seedlings is provided. Although the slurry for planting trees adopts the fly ash with low content of humus and organic matters, the slurry can provide humus and organic nutrients required by the growth of trees after being decomposed by adopting plant debris (such as crop straws, salix psammophila branches and the like), namely, the curing of clay can be accelerated, the fertility can be improved, the air permeability and the moisture retention capacity can be improved, and the growth and the development of tree root systems can be facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a tree planting method and a used coal ash material.
Background
In northwest China, such as inner Mongolia and other areas, a large amount of sandy land and grassland exist, and the surface soil layer structure of the land mainly comprises a sandy soil layer as upper soil, a calcareous soil layer (namely calcareous soil) with the depth of about 1 meter below the sandy soil layer, and a clay layer below the calcareous soil layer. The roots of the grass and the trees are difficult to penetrate through the calcareous layer soil of the soil layer structure, and in addition, the northern rainwater is less, the irrigation condition is poor, so that the trees planted on the sand land and the grassland are difficult to survive and grow, and the landform and the current situation of grassland without forest are formed. The planting technology accumulated nowadays (such as pit digging and soil covering or pit digging and soil changing and soil covering) is implemented on the land, and the condition that the root system of the tree rapidly penetrates through the calcium layer soil to absorb the moisture and the nutrient of the clay layer positioned below the calcium layer soil cannot be constructed, so that the defects that the tree is difficult to survive and cannot be planted economically and practically are overcome. At present, the fly ash is mainly piled in a concentrated mode or used as a building material, and the main component of the fly ash is coal (a product obtained by plant mineralization), the components of the fly ash are similar to those of soil or clay, if a tree planting method which aims at the soil layer structure and uses the fly ash as a tree planting material can be invented, the root system of a tree can penetrate through a calcareous soil layer under sand or a grassland and reach a clay layer, the tree seedling grows for several years after surviving in the year, the root system of the tree penetrates through the calcareous soil layer and enters the clay layer, the tree root can absorb moisture in the clay layer, the clay layer can be gradually cured, nutrition is further provided for the tree root, and therefore, the growth condition of the tree is greatly improved. If the planting life is 30-100 years, the fast-growing tree species (such as hybrid Chinese holly, elm, poplar and Chinese scholar tree which are suitable for growing in the north) can be planted in the forest after years. If the trees are used for sand prevention and fixation, the defects of short service life (only 7 years) of the salix mongolica planted by sand prevention and fixation and complicated 'stumping and rejuvenation' management and operation can be overcome, a foundation can be laid for woodland formation and grassland planting diversification of a desert land, and the ecological civilization and sustainable development significance is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: in order to overcome the above problems and shortcomings of the prior art, a tree planting method and a fly ash material are provided, wherein the method is suitable for soil layer structures of northern sandy land and grassland, and the fly ash material is used for reducing the coal ash stockpiled land occupation, so that the root system of a tree can penetrate through a calcareous soil layer and reach the deep depth of a clay layer after the tree survives through development and growth, and the root system of the tree can absorb the water of the clay layer and gradually mature the clay layer and provide nutrients for the root of the tree.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for planting trees is provided, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: digging a barrel-shaped tree pit on the ground surface of a planted tree, and drilling at least one vertical grouting hole at the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit, wherein the diameter of the grouting hole is not less than 40 mm; the depth of the grouting hole penetrates through the calcareous layer soil and reaches a clay layer below the calcareous layer soil;
step two: inserting grouting pipes into the grouting holes one by one, enabling the lower ends of the grouting pipes to reach the bottoms of the grouting holes, and performing pressure injection on the fly ash slurry into the grouting holes through the grouting pipes by using pressure injection equipment;
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the slurry stops grouting after flowing upwards and reaching the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit and completely covering the bottom surface of the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil;
step four: planting the sapling into the barrel-shaped tree pit, and enabling the sapling to be upright and to be in a proper position;
step five: restarting grouting until the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the fly ash slurry, pumping out the grouting pipe, and allowing the fly ash slurry to seep water in a static state until the wet hardness of the slurry paste enables the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
Providing a tree planting method which is the same as the first step and the second step, and comprises the following steps:
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the fly ash slurry flows upwards and is filled into the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil, and the grouting is stopped after the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the slurry material;
step four: after the barrel-shaped tree pit and the grouting hole are filled with the pulverized coal ash slurry through pressure injection, and the grouting pipe is drawn out, the pulverized coal ash slurry seeps water in a static state for not less than 12 hours;
step five: digging out a proper amount of materials in the barrel-shaped tree pit into the pit by adopting a conventional soil digging and covering type tree planting operation method when the soil moisture content of the filled barrel-shaped tree pit is proper, wherein the size of the pit is matched with that of the tree seedling, then planting the tree seedling, backfilling by using the taken-out materials, compacting the root of the tree seedling, and enabling the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
The fly ash slurry used for the tree planting method is a slurry material formed by mixing and homogenizing a tree planting material formed by mixing fly ash and plant debris, and transmitter water, wherein the mass proportion of the fly ash in the tree planting material is not less than 85%, the mass proportion of the plant debris is not more than 15%, the transmitter water is matched with the fly ash and the plant debris by mass sum, the particle size of the fly ash is not more than 3mm, and the particle size of the plant debris is not more than 3 mm.
The plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing crop straws.
The plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing salix mongolica branches.
The plant debris is wood chips.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention takes fly ash and plant debris as raw materials to prepare the slurry for planting trees in fly ash, adopts a simple and easy mode of digging a pit, drilling a grouting hole and filling the grouting hole with the slurry in fly ash to construct a channel for the root system of the trees to grow and develop to a clay layer below a calcareous soil layer, thereby not only laying a good foundation for the survival, development and growth of the saplings, but also utilizing the curing effect of the root system of the trees on the clay layer to ensure that the root system of the trees absorbs the moisture and the nutrient of the clay layer and laying a foundation for the autonomous growth of the trees after several years. The trees planted by the method are used for sand prevention and sand fixation, the defects that the sand willows planted by sand prevention and sand fixation have short service life (only 7 years) and need complicated 'stumping and rejuvenating' management and operation can be overcome, the foundation can be laid for forest land formation and grassland planting diversification of desert lands, and the method has great significance for ecological civilization and sustainable development.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the soil layer structure of a planted tree.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tree pit, the hole and the grouting pipe in the soil layer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the filling slurry injected into the tree pit and the grouting hole.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the filling slurry of the tree planting slurry in two grouting holes according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a seedling after being planted in a tree well.
Wherein: 1 is a ground soil layer; 2 is a calcareous soil layer below the ground soil layer; 3 is a clay layer below the calcareous layer soil; 4 is a grouting hole; 5 is a grouting pipe; 6 is a barrel-shaped tree pit; 7 is the filled pulp for planting trees; 8 planting the sapling in the tree pit.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to 5 show a method for planting trees, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: digging a barrel-shaped tree pit on the ground surface of a planted tree, and drilling at least one vertical grouting hole at the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit, wherein the diameter of the grouting hole is not less than 40 mm; the depth of the grouting hole penetrates through the calcareous layer soil and reaches a clay layer below the calcareous layer soil;
step two: inserting grouting pipes into the grouting holes one by one, enabling the lower ends of the grouting pipes to reach the bottoms of the grouting holes, and performing pressure injection on the fly ash slurry into the grouting holes through the grouting pipes by using pressure injection equipment;
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the slurry stops grouting after flowing upwards and reaching the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit and completely covering the bottom surface of the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil;
step four: planting the sapling into the barrel-shaped tree pit, and enabling the sapling to be upright and to be in a proper position;
step five: restarting grouting until the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the fly ash slurry, pumping out the grouting pipe, and allowing the fly ash slurry to seep water in a static state until the wet hardness of the slurry paste enables the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
Providing a tree planting method which is the same as the first step and the second step, and comprises the following steps:
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the fly ash slurry flows upwards and is filled into the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil, and the grouting is stopped after the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the slurry material;
step four: after the barrel-shaped tree pit and the grouting hole are filled with the pulverized coal ash slurry through pressure injection, and the grouting pipe is drawn out, the pulverized coal ash slurry seeps water in a static state for not less than 12 hours;
step five: digging out a proper amount of materials in the barrel-shaped tree pit into the pit by adopting a conventional soil digging and covering type tree planting operation method when the soil moisture content of the filled barrel-shaped tree pit is proper, wherein the size of the pit is matched with that of the tree seedling, then planting the tree seedling, backfilling by using the taken-out materials, compacting the root of the tree seedling, and enabling the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
The fly ash slurry used for the tree planting method is a slurry material formed by mixing and homogenizing a tree planting material formed by mixing fly ash and plant debris, and transmitter water, wherein the mass proportion of the fly ash in the tree planting material is not less than 85%, the mass proportion of the plant debris is not more than 15%, the transmitter water is matched with the fly ash and the plant debris by mass sum, the particle size of the fly ash is not more than 3mm, and the particle size of the plant debris is not more than 3 mm.
The plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing crop straws.
The plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing salix mongolica branches.
The plant debris is wood chips.
The first embodiment is as follows:
preparation before implementation of the invention:
(A) preparing raw materials:
860 kg of fly ash with the granularity not more than 3.0mm is prepared, and 140 kg of chips with the granularity not more than 3.0mm are prepared by crushing fresh salix mongolica branches. 860 kg of fly ash, Salix psammophila branch chippings and 500 kg of water are stirred uniformly in a stirring container to prepare a sizing agent A for planting trees;
(B) the area where the trees were planted was explored and measured to determine soil architecture (fig. 1):
measuring the thickness of a ground soil layer and the thickness of calcareous layer soil of an embodiment (a sand land in the north of China), estimating the depth of a grouting hole, the insertion depth of a pipe for grouting (figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3) and the like, and determining the grouting amount, the working parameters of a grouting machine and the like; finally determining the size of each tree planting barrel-shaped tree pit and the depth of the grouting hole;
(C) after the preparation, the first embodiment is implemented as the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: digging a barreled tree pit with the upper opening diameter of 30cm, the lower bottom diameter of 25cm and the depth of 50cm on the surface of a tree to be planted by using an electric drill for tree planting, drilling a vertical grouting hole with the diameter of 40mm at the bottom of the tree pit by using the electric drill for tree planting, wherein the downward depth of the grouting hole from the bottom of the barreled tree pit is 1.2 meters, and the grouting hole penetrates through calcium layer soil and reaches 5cm in a clay layer;
step two: inserting a grouting pipe into the grouting hole, enabling the lower end of the grouting pipe to reach the bottom of the grouting hole, and performing pressure injection on the tree planting slurry A into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe by using pressure injection equipment;
step three: after the slurry A for tree planting is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the slurry A flows upwards and is filled into the barreled tree pit through a gap between the grouting pipe and the grouting hole and a crack of calcium layer soil, and the grouting is stopped after the barreled tree pit is filled with the slurry A for tree planting;
step four: after the barreled tree pit and the grouting hole are filled with the tree planting slurry A through pressure injection, the grouting pipe is drawn out, and the tree planting slurry A seeps water in a static state for 28 hours;
repeating the four steps until the slurry A for planting trees is completely used up, and creating 14 tree planting pits filled with the slurry A for planting trees in total;
step five: after the slurry of the tree planting pit is infiltrated and the soil moisture content is proper, planting an annual pagodatree seedling in each tree planting pit filled with the tree planting slurry;
step six: and (5) carrying out normal irrigation and maintenance management after the saplings are planted.
In the first example, 13 seedlings of Sophora japonica survived in the same year, and after 3 years, the roots of all 13 elms penetrated through the calcium layer soil and extended into the clay layer, so that the seedlings can grow autonomously.
It can be seen from this example that, in the tree planting method of the present invention, the slurry material made of fly ash and fresh Salix psammophila branch chippings is filled in the tree pit and the grouting hole of the present invention, so as to establish soil conditions for survival of the tree (barrel-shaped tree pit filled with slurry) and a channel (grouting hole) for growth and development of root system through calcareous soil, although the fertility of the fly ash base is weak, the fresh Salix psammophila branch chippings in grouting provide organic nutrient components and basic fertility after decomposition, and the grouting method not only provides a good soil foundation for survival, development and growth of the seedling, but also provides sufficient soil moisture for survival of the seedling. Compared with the conventional tree planting method, the invention creates better conditions for the root system of the tree to develop and grow deeply into the stratum after 3 years, and the tree can grow autonomously after 3 years.
Example two:
operating parameters and material preparation:
855 kg of fly ash with the granularity not more than 3.0mm is prepared, 145 kg of scraps with the granularity not more than 3.0mm are prepared by crushing crop straws. 855 kg of fly ash, 145 kg of crop straw scraps and 750 kg of water are uniformly stirred in a stirring container to prepare the slurry B for planting trees.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) exploring and measuring a tree planting area (a certain grassland in the north of China) to judge a soil layer structure (figure 1), measuring the thickness of a ground soil layer and the thickness of a calcareous layer soil, estimating the depth of a grouting hole, the insertion depth of a grouting pipe (figure 4) and the like, and determining grouting amount, working parameters of a grouting machine and the like; finally, the size of each tree planting barrel-shaped tree pit and the depth of the grouting hole are determined.
After the preparation, the second embodiment is implemented as the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: digging a barreled tree pit with the upper opening diameter of 30cm, the lower bottom diameter of 20cm and the depth of 50cm on the ground surface of a planted tree by using an electric drill for planting the tree, drilling two vertical grouting holes with the diameter of 40mm at the bottom of the tree pit by using the electric drill for planting the tree, wherein the distance between the centers of the grouting holes is 15cm, the depth of the grouting holes from the bottom of the barreled tree pit to the bottom is 1.0 m, and the grouting holes penetrate through the calcium layer soil and reach 5cm in the clay layer;
step two: inserting a grouting pipe into one grouting hole, enabling the lower end of the grouting pipe to reach the bottom of the grouting hole, and performing pressure injection on the tree planting slurry B into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe by using pressure injection equipment;
step three: after the slurry B for tree planting is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the slurry B flows upwards and is filled into the barreled tree pit through the grouting hole and the pore and the crack of the calcareous layer, and the grouting is stopped after the barreled tree pit is filled with the slurry B for tree planting;
step four: after the barreled tree pit and the grouting hole are subjected to pressure injection and filling by the slurry B for tree planting, and the grouting pipe is drawn out, the slurry B for tree planting is subjected to water seepage in a static state for 24 hours;
repeating the four steps until the slurry B for planting trees is completely used up, and creating 14 tree planting pits filled with the slurry for planting trees in total;
step five: when the slurry seeps water and the soil moisture content is proper in the tree planting pit, planting an annual Chinese holly seedling in each tree planting pit filled with the tree planting slurry;
step six: and (5) carrying out normal irrigation and maintenance management after the saplings are planted.
Example two 14 hybrid paper mulberry trees are grown in the same year, and the branches of the paper mulberry trees are cut off flatly before overwintering (the lowest temperature is higher than minus 10 ℃). The leaves of the paper mulberry are harvested by a machine selection machine to be used as green feed, before overwintering, branches are cut off flatly and then mulching films and straws (hay) are used for covering tree planting pits (the lowest temperature is lower than minus 15 ℃), in spring the 3 rd, the leaves of the paper mulberry are harvested by the machine selection machine to be used as green feed, the branches of the paper mulberry are cut off flatly during overwintering (anti-freezing measures are taken), the root system of the paper mulberry in autumn in 3 years extends into a clay layer below calcareous soil, after 4 th year, the paper mulberry grows autonomously under conventional management, and the leaves of the paper mulberry are harvested by the machine selection machine to be used as green feed.
Although the slurry for planting trees provided by the second embodiment adopts the fly ash with extremely low content of humus and organic matters, the slurry contains crop straw fragments which can provide humus and organic matters required by the growth of trees after being decomposed, so that the curing of clay can be accelerated, the fertility can be improved, the air permeability and the soil moisture retention capability can be improved, the growth and the development of tree root systems are facilitated, and the paper mulberry forest serving as green feed can be formed after the second embodiment is carried out for years, thereby realizing the purpose of planting trees on sandy grass land.
The invention not only effectively utilizes the fly ash, but also has the advantages of simple preparation and grouting of the slurry for planting trees, can lay a foundation for woodland and grassland planting of sand lands, can reduce the cost of sand prevention and sand fixation, and has great significance for ecological civilization and sustainable development.
Claims (6)
1. A method for planting trees is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: digging a barrel-shaped tree pit on the ground surface of a planted tree, and drilling at least one vertical grouting hole at the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit, wherein the diameter of the grouting hole is not less than 40 mm; the depth of the grouting hole penetrates through the calcareous layer soil and reaches a clay layer below the calcareous layer soil;
step two: inserting grouting pipes into the grouting holes one by one, enabling the lower ends of the grouting pipes to reach the bottoms of the grouting holes, and performing pressure injection on the fly ash slurry into the grouting holes through the grouting pipes by using pressure injection equipment;
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the slurry stops grouting after flowing upwards and reaching the bottom of the barrel-shaped tree pit and completely covering the bottom surface of the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil;
step four: planting the sapling into the barrel-shaped tree pit, and enabling the sapling to be upright and to be in a proper position;
step five: restarting grouting until the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the fly ash slurry, pumping out the grouting pipe, and allowing the fly ash slurry to seep water in a static state until the wet hardness of the slurry paste enables the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
2. A method of planting trees comprising steps one and two of claim 1, wherein:
step three: after the fly ash slurry is injected and filled to the bottom of the grouting hole, the fly ash slurry flows upwards and is filled into the barrel-shaped tree pit through the grouting hole and the pores and cracks of the calcareous soil, and the grouting is stopped after the barrel-shaped tree pit is filled with the slurry material;
step four: after the barrel-shaped tree pit and the grouting hole are filled with the pulverized coal ash slurry through pressure injection, and the grouting pipe is drawn out, the pulverized coal ash slurry seeps water in a static state for not less than 12 hours;
step five: digging out a proper amount of materials in the barrel-shaped tree pit into the pit by adopting a conventional soil digging and covering type tree planting operation method when the soil moisture content of the filled barrel-shaped tree pit is proper, wherein the size of the pit is matched with that of the tree seedling, then planting the tree seedling, backfilling by using the taken-out materials, compacting the root of the tree seedling, and enabling the tree seedling to be upright;
step six: and after the saplings are planted, performing conventional maintenance, irrigation and management.
3. The fine coal ash slurry for use in a method of growing trees according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: the slurry is a slurry material formed by mixing and homogenizing a tree planting material formed by mixing fly ash and plant debris and transmitter agent water, wherein the mass proportion of the fly ash in the tree planting material is not less than 85%, the mass proportion of the plant debris is not more than 15%, the transmitter agent water is matched with the fly ash and the plant debris by mass sum, the granularity of the fly ash is not more than 3mm, and the granularity of the plant debris is not more than 3 mm.
4. The fly ash slurry of claim 3, wherein: the plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing crop straws.
5. The fly ash slurry of claim 3, wherein: the plant debris is powder debris formed by crushing salix mongolica branches.
6. The fly ash slurry of claim 3, wherein: the plant debris is wood chips.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110055439.4A CN112673880A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Tree planting method and fly ash material used by same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110055439.4A CN112673880A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Tree planting method and fly ash material used by same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112673880A true CN112673880A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| CN202110055439.4A Withdrawn CN112673880A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Tree planting method and fly ash material used by same |
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2021
- 2021-01-15 CN CN202110055439.4A patent/CN112673880A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20210420 |