Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a resin bond ultrathin superhard cutting grinding wheel which can realize mass production, is mainly used for cutting materials such as glass, ceramics, semiconductor packaging and the like, can improve the preparation speed of the grinding wheel, and can prolong the service life of the grinding wheel (the service life can be prolonged by more than 34%).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cutting grinding wheel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cutting grinding wheel is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 45-52 parts of epoxy resin, 15-25 parts of diamond and fused SiO 2 7-10 parts of Al 2 O 3 10-15 parts of micro powder and 0.5 part of carbon black.
Specifically, the diamond particle size is M20/30.
Further, said Al 2 O 3 The particle size of the micropowder is w 10.
In the formula of the cutting grinding wheel, the epoxy resin mainly plays a role in bonding, and the fluidity of the epoxy resin is superior to that of phenolic resin and polyimide resin, so that the cutting grinding wheel is more convenient to form; diamond is the main abrasive, mainThe function of removing the workpiece is realized; fused SiO 2 (amorphous Filler) and Al 2 O 3 The micro powder mainly plays a role in increasing the strength of the cutting blade and assisting grinding; the carbon black mainly plays a role in coloring and beautifying the appearance of the cutting blade; the coupling agent has both organophilic and organophilic functional groups, plays a role of a bridge, and is mainly used for increasing the interface bonding force.
Taking the cutting of glass products as an example, the invention also provides a preparation method of the cutting grinding wheel, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the diamond according to the parts of the formula, and then putting the diamond, the coupling agent and acetone together into a basin for ultrasonic treatment for later use;
2) putting the diamond subjected to the ultrasonic treatment in the step 1) into an oven for drying for later use;
3) mixing the diamond obtained in the step 2) with epoxy resin and fused SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 Mixing the micro powder and the carbon black, and sieving for 2 times by a 270# sieve to obtain a mixture for later use;
4) putting the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a mixing barrel, adding 1/3 corundum ceramic balls based on the total weight of the mixture into the mixing barrel, and mixing the mixture in a three-dimensional planetary ball mill for 1 hour by the mixing barrel to obtain a molding material for later use;
5) preparing a grinding wheel blank from the molding material obtained in the step 4) by adopting a transfer molding method according to the material weight required by grinding wheel molding; the method specifically comprises the following steps: putting a molding material into a material cavity of a mold, putting the mold after the material is put on a hot press with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and keeping the temperature and the pressure for 5min, thereby completing the process of melting the molding material and extruding the molding material into a cavity through a pouring channel for molding, and obtaining a grinding wheel blank with a certain thickness;
6) placing the grinding wheel blank obtained in the step 5) into a forced air drying oven for secondary curing, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and the curing time is 2 hours; and then processing an inner hole and an outer circle to obtain a finished product of the cutting grinding wheel.
The invention also provides a transfer molding device used in the preparation process of the cutting grinding wheel, which comprises a pressing die and a molding die,
the pressing die comprises a plunger die consisting of an upper die and a lower die, a material cavity for placing a forming material is arranged in the center of the plunger die along the vertical direction, and the plunger partially extends into the material cavity of the plunger die;
the forming die comprises a die sleeve and a positioning core arranged in the die sleeve, a lower pressing ring is arranged between the die sleeve and the positioning core, an upper pressing ring is arranged above the lower pressing ring, a die cavity for forming a forming material is formed between the upper pressing ring and the lower pressing ring, a pouring gate and an exhaust hole are arranged on the die cavity, and the exhaust hole penetrates through and extends out of the die sleeve;
a pouring channel is horizontally arranged between the upper die and the lower die, one end of the pouring channel is communicated with the material cavity, and the other end of the pouring channel extends outwards and horizontally penetrates through the die sleeve and is communicated with a pouring port of the die cavity.
Further preferably, a pressing block is arranged at the top of the upper pressing ring, a height-adjusting gasket for adjusting the height of the cavity is arranged between the pressing block and the die sleeve, and the bottom surface of the pressing block is in compression joint with the top surface of the height-adjusting gasket. The height of the cavity is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the height-adjusting gasket, so that the thickness of the grinding wheel obtained after pressing in the cavity is adjusted.
The preparation efficiency of the cutting grinding wheel is high, only 5min is needed for preparing 1 piece of product, and the preparation cost of a grinding wheel manufacturer can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, the service life of the cutting grinding wheel prepared by the preparation method can be prolonged. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the resin bond ultrathin superhard cutting grinding wheel prepared by the invention is mainly used for cutting materials such as glass, ceramics, semiconductor packaging and the like, a transfer molding method is adopted, the molding time is only 5min, a plurality of plates can be molded simultaneously, and the molding efficiency is greatly improved. Fused SiO 2 The grinding wheel is an amorphous filler, so that the strength of the grinding wheel can be obviously improved, and the service life of the grinding wheel is prolonged by over 34 percent.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the examples described below, epoxy powder was purchased from jinan holy spring (SQPN-048, D50 median 12 um); the diamond used was a common commercial product, particle size M20/30; fused SiO 2 (white carbon black) purchased from K-D15 produced by Jingyi New materials Co., Ltd, Guangzhou;
Al 2 O 3 the micro powder is a common commercial product with the granularity of w 10; the carbon black is selected from high-pigment carbon black #45 produced by Jingyi New materials Co., Ltd, Guangzhou; the coupling agent is Z-6040 of Dow Corning; acetone was a common commercial product, analytically pure.
As shown in fig. 2, a transfer molding apparatus used in the grinding cut wheel manufacturing process according to the following embodiment includes a pressing mold on the left side and a molding mold on the right side,
in the embodiment, the pressing die comprises a plunger die 21 consisting of an upper grinding tool 1 and a lower die 2, a material cavity for placing a forming material 4 is arranged at the center of the upper grinding tool 1 along the vertical direction, and a plunger 3 partially extends into the material cavity of the upper grinding tool 1;
the forming die comprises a die sleeve 8 and a positioning core 9 arranged in the die sleeve 8 (in the embodiment, the die sleeve 8 and the positioning core 9 are both cylindrical), a lower pressing ring 10 is arranged between the die sleeve 8 and the positioning core 9, an upper pressing ring 11 is arranged above the lower pressing ring 10, a die cavity 15 for forming a forming material is formed between the upper pressing ring 11 and the lower pressing ring 10, and a pouring gate 7 and an exhaust hole 13 are arranged on the die cavity 15; the exhaust hole 13 passes through and extends out of the die sleeve 8;
a pouring channel 6 is horizontally arranged between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2, one end of the pouring channel 6 is communicated with the material cavity, and the other end of the pouring channel 6 extends outwards and horizontally penetrates through the die sleeve 8 and is communicated with a pouring gate 7 of the die cavity 15. The bottom surface of the lower die 2 and the bottom surface of the die sleeve 8 are positioned on the same horizontal plane. In addition, in order to facilitate the overall taking and placing of the device, the lower mold 2 and the mold sleeve 8 can be connected in a fixed connection manner.
In actual operation, in order to facilitate pressing, a pressing block 12 is arranged at the top of the upper pressing ring, a height-adjusting gasket 14 for adjusting the height of the cavity 15 is arranged between the pressing block 12 and the die sleeve 8, and the bottom surface of the pressing block 12 is in compression joint with the top surface of the height-adjusting gasket 14. The height of the cavity 15 is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the height-adjusting shim 14, so that the thickness of the grinding wheel obtained after pressing in the cavity 15 is adjusted.
When the transfer molding device is used, the working principle and the steps are as follows:
1) assembling a forming die, selecting a height-adjusting gasket 14 with corresponding thickness according to the thickness of the grinding wheel to be pressed and formed, and placing the height-adjusting gasket 14 between the pressing plate 12 and the die sleeve 8;
2) the device is placed on a hot press at 150 ℃, the weighed molding material is placed in a material cavity of an upper grinding tool 1, a plunger 3 is placed, and a pressing cushion block 5 is placed on the plunger 3. And setting the pressure and time of the hot press (the pressure is 1010MPa, and the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 5 min). As shown in fig. 2, since the plunger 3 of the pressing die is provided with the pressing pad 5, the height of the pressing pad in the vertical direction is higher than that of the forming die on the right side, and the pressure of the hot press is applied to the pressing die on the left side. As the temperature and pressure are transmitted, the molding material 4 in the cavity is gradually softened, and the molding material 4 in a molten state flows into the cavity 15 of the right-side molding die along the pouring channel 6. After the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out for 1min, removing the pressing cushion block 5 on the left side, wherein the height of the pressing block 12 on the right side in the vertical direction is higher than that of the pressing die on the left side, so that the pressure of a hot press is applied to the forming grinding tool on the right side, and removing the die after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out for 4min (for grinding wheel forming), thereby obtaining a grinding wheel blank;
3) when the molding material 4 enters the cavity 15 of the right-side molding die from the cavity of the left-side pressing die through the pouring channel 6, air in the cavity 15 of the right-side molding die is exhausted from the exhaust hole 13 to ensure that the cavity is filled with the molding material. The waste material port 5 of the left side pressing die can play a role of removing a part of air on one hand and is convenient to operate during die unloading on the other hand.
Example 1
A cutting grinding wheel is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 52 parts of epoxy resin powder, 20 parts of diamond micro powder and fused SiO 2 10 parts of Al 2 O 3 13.5 parts of micro powder and 0.5 part of carbon black.
The preparation method of the cutting grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
1) weighing diamond according to the formula parts, and then putting the diamond, a coupling agent (4 parts by volume) and acetone (5 parts by volume) into a basin for ultrasonic treatment for later use;
2) putting the diamond subjected to the ultrasonic treatment in the step 1) into an oven for drying for later use;
3) mixing the diamond obtained in the step 2) with epoxy resin and fused SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 Mixing the micro powder and the carbon black, and sieving for 2 times by a 270# sieve to obtain a mixture for later use;
4) putting the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a mixing barrel, adding 1/3 corundum ceramic balls based on the total weight of the mixture into the mixing barrel, and mixing the mixture in a three-dimensional planetary ball mill for 1 hour by the mixing barrel to obtain a molding material for later use;
5) preparing a grinding wheel blank by adopting a transfer forming method for the formed material obtained in the step 4) according to the required material weight for grinding wheel forming; the method specifically comprises the following steps: putting a molding material into a material cavity of a mold, putting the mold after the material is put on a hot press with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and keeping the temperature and the pressure for 5min, thereby completing the process of melting the molding material and extruding the molding material into a cavity through a pouring channel for molding, and obtaining a grinding wheel blank with a certain thickness;
6) placing the crude grinding wheel product obtained in the step 5) into a forced air drying oven for secondary curing, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and the curing time is 2 hours; then, the inner hole and the outer circle are processed to obtain a finished cutting grinding wheel (see figure 1).
Example 2
A cutting grinding wheel is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 50 parts of epoxy resin powder, 25 parts of diamond micro powder and fused SiO 2 10 parts of Al 2 O 3 10.5 parts of micro powder and 0.5 part of carbon black.
The preparation method of the cutting grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
1) weighing diamond according to the formula parts, and then putting the diamond, a coupling agent (4 parts by volume) and acetone (5 parts by volume) into a basin for ultrasonic treatment for later use;
2) putting the diamond subjected to the ultrasonic treatment in the step 1) into an oven for drying for later use;
3) mixing the diamond obtained in the step 2) with epoxy resin and fused SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 Mixing the micro powder and the carbon black, and sieving for 2 times by a 270# sieve to obtain a mixture for later use;
4) putting the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a mixing barrel, adding 1/3 corundum ceramic balls based on the total weight of the mixture into the mixing barrel, and mixing the mixture in a three-dimensional planetary ball mill for 1 hour by the mixing barrel to obtain a molding material for later use;
5) preparing a grinding wheel blank by adopting a transfer forming method for the formed material obtained in the step 4) according to the required material weight for grinding wheel forming; the method specifically comprises the following steps: putting a molding material into a material cavity of a mold, putting the mold after the material is put on a hot press with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and keeping the temperature and the pressure for 5min, thereby completing the process of melting the molding material and extruding the molding material into a cavity through a pouring channel for molding, and obtaining a grinding wheel blank with a certain thickness;
6) placing the grinding wheel blank obtained in the step 5) into a forced air drying oven for secondary curing, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and the curing time is 2 hours; and then processing an inner hole and an outer circle to obtain a finished product of the cutting grinding wheel.
Example 3
A cutting grinding wheel is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 48 parts of epoxy resin powder, 22 parts of diamond micro powder and fused SiO 2 8 parts of Al 2 O 3 10.5 parts of micro powder and 0.5 part of carbon black.
The preparation method of the cutting grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
1) weighing diamond according to the formula parts, and then putting the diamond, a coupling agent (4 parts by volume) and acetone (5 parts by volume) into a basin for ultrasonic treatment for later use;
2) putting the diamond subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the step 1) into an oven for drying for later use;
3) mixing the diamond obtained in the step 2) with epoxy resin and fused SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 Mixing the micro powder and the carbon black, and sieving for 2 times by a 270# sieve to obtain a mixture for later use;
4) putting the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a mixing barrel, adding 1/3 corundum ceramic balls based on the total weight of the mixture into the mixing barrel, and mixing the mixture in a three-dimensional planetary ball mill for 1 hour by the mixing barrel to obtain a molding material for later use;
5) preparing a grinding wheel blank by adopting a transfer forming method for the formed material obtained in the step 4) according to the required material weight for grinding wheel forming; the method specifically comprises the following steps: putting a molding material into a material cavity of a mold, putting the mold after the material is put on a hot press with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and keeping the temperature and the pressure for 5min, thereby completing the process of melting the molding material and extruding the molding material into a cavity through a pouring channel for molding, and obtaining a grinding wheel blank with a certain thickness;
6) placing the grinding wheel blank obtained in the step 5) into a forced air drying oven for secondary curing, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and the curing time is 2 hours; and then processing an inner hole and an outer circle to obtain a finished product of the cutting grinding wheel.
Cutting test:
the finished abrasive cutting wheel prepared in the above example 1 was subjected to a glass cutting performance test, specifically as follows:
and cutting the prepared grinding wheel finished product sample (specification model 1A 856 0.15 40) into optical filter glass with the thickness of 0.3mm by adopting a DISCO scribing machine with the model of DAD3350 at the rotating speed of 30000rpm and the feeding speed of 20mm/s, comparing the edge breakage size under a microscope, and calculating the service life of the grinding wheel according to the abrasion ratio of the grinding wheel.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of using the grinding wheel of the present invention (left) and the same type of inlet grinding wheel (right) to cut glass workpieces. The photo of the cut glass workpiece under a 40 times microscope is shown in FIG. 3, in which: the glass workpiece cut by the inlet grinding wheel on the right side has obvious edge breakage, while the glass workpiece cut by the grinding wheel on the left side has almost no edge breakage phenomenon and has good cutting performance.
The cutting grinding wheel is used for carrying out cutting experiments on the optical filter glass, and in the cutting experiment process, the cutting feeding speed is 20mm/s, and the maximum cutting breakage is less than or equal to 20 microns. Table 1 shows the comparison of the service life of the abrasive cutting wheels prepared according to the present invention with the service life of the imported wheels of the same type. As can be seen from Table 1: the service life of the cutting grinding wheel prepared by the method is prolonged by more than 34%.
TABLE 1 comparison of service life of inventive wheel and imported wheel