CN112647427B - Continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system and construction method - Google Patents

Continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112647427B
CN112647427B CN202110165462.9A CN202110165462A CN112647427B CN 112647427 B CN112647427 B CN 112647427B CN 202110165462 A CN202110165462 A CN 202110165462A CN 112647427 B CN112647427 B CN 112647427B
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concrete
section
poured
water tank
alarm
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CN112647427A (en
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唐智华
郑成雄
王万通
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China Railway 12th Bureau Group Co Ltd
First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway No 12 Bureau Group Co Ltd
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China Railway 12th Bureau Group Co Ltd
First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway No 12 Bureau Group Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/10Cantilevered erection
    • E01D21/105Balanced cantilevered erection
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/10Cantilevered erection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system and a construction method. The method comprises the steps that a central water tank is arranged in the center of a 0# section, cast sections are arranged on two sides of the 0# section, a hanging basket is mounted on the cast sections, hanging basket modification parts capable of moving forwards along with the hanging basket are mounted on the hanging basket, water tanks of sections to be cast are mounted on the left side and the right side of the hanging basket modification parts respectively, and the central water tank supplies water to the water tanks of the sections to be cast; an adjustable laser emitting device II and an adjustable laser emitting device I are installed at one end, close to the section to be poured, of the poured section, a double-sided photosensitive sensing device is arranged in the center of the 0# section, and pressure sensors are arranged between the bottoms of the vertical beams of the hanging baskets on the two sides and the poured beam section.

Description

Continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system and construction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system and a construction method.
Background
When the continuous beam concrete is poured, considering the comprehensive cost, generally, two ends of the continuous beam T structure are poured on one pump pipe upper pier, in order to keep two ends of the continuous beam T structure balanced, the two ends of the continuous beam T structure are poured simultaneously, but because the pouring concrete amount is large, in the process of pouring simultaneously, the two ends of the continuous beam T structure are poured alternately, namely, a certain amount of concrete is poured at one end (defined as the end I or the left end) of the continuous beam, then a certain amount of concrete is poured at the other end (defined as the end II or the right end) of the concrete pump pipe through switching, then the concrete pump pipe is switched to the end I for pouring, and the concrete is poured alternately in such a circulating way, so that the left end and the right end of the continuous beam are kept balanced (namely, longitudinally balanced) until the continuous beam is closed. And in the process of pouring a certain section of concrete at one end of the continuous beam, pouring left and right web plate concrete after the bottom plate concrete pouring is finished, wherein the left and right web plate concrete also need to be alternately poured to keep horizontal balance until the beam section is completely poured.
Therefore, in the continuous beam concrete pouring process, longitudinal unbalance states and transverse unbalance states alternately exist all the time, longitudinal unbalance moment is offset by means of the temporary fixing beam and the piers, a temporary support is usually arranged at the intersection of the piers and the beam, the temporary fixing beam and the piers (rigid frame beams are permanently fixed) are used for offsetting the unbalance moment generated by longitudinal unbalance deviation, the unbalance deviation is not larger than the design requirement, otherwise, the unbalance moment exceeds the limit, the continuous beam T structure topples, and safety accidents occur. The transverse unbalanced moment is offset by depending on the anchoring of the hanging basket and the supporting of the web template, and the transverse unbalanced deviation is not larger than the anchoring force of the hanging basket and the supporting force of the web template, otherwise, the template is unstable or the hanging basket topples, and safety accidents can also be caused.
At present, on-site concrete scheduling is mainly used in a construction site, concrete pouring square differences at two ends of a T structure are controlled by manual command to keep horizontal unbalance deviation of a continuous beam within an allowable range, and concrete pouring square differences of left and right webs of concrete at beam sections are controlled to keep longitudinal unbalance deviation of the continuous beam within the allowable range.
The traditional method for controlling the unbalance deviation by manually commanding and dispatching the concrete pouring volume has the following defects:
1. the method has the advantages that the concrete pouring volume is counted manually, the reliability on the on-site command responsibility and the technical experience is high, and the artificial uncertainty risk is high.
2. The requirement on the communication between a commander on site and a pouring worker is high, and the complex environment of a construction site is not facilitated.
3. The times of concrete alternate pouring are many, the pump pipes are frequently changed, and the labor intensity of workers is high.
4. The unbalanced deviation causes repeated tension-compression alternation of concrete at the joints of the bridge bearing platform and the piers and between the piers and the beam, so that stress concentration and cracks are easily caused.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system capable of automatically keeping longitudinal balance and transverse balance when concrete of a continuous beam T structure is cast.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system and a construction method, aiming at solving the problems of large artificial uncertainty risk and the like caused by the fact that the unbalanced deviation is kept within an allowable range by means of a method of controlling the concrete casting square difference through manual command in the traditional continuous beam mixed soil casting.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system comprises a central water tank arranged in the center of a No. 0 section, wherein cast sections are arranged on two sides of the No. 0 section, a hanging basket is mounted on the cast sections, a hanging basket modification part capable of moving forwards along with the hanging basket is mounted on the hanging basket, water tanks of sections to be cast are mounted on the left side and the right side of the hanging basket modification part respectively, and the central water tank supplies water to the water tanks of the sections to be cast; an adjustable laser emitting device II and an adjustable laser emitting device I are installed at one end, close to the section to be poured, of the poured section, a double-sided photosensitive sensing device is arranged in the center of the 0# section, and pressure sensors are arranged between the bottoms of the vertical beams of the hanging baskets on the two sides and the poured beam section.
Furthermore, the concrete pouring positions at two ends of the No. 0 section and the poured section and the concrete pump position below the bridge pier are respectively provided with an audible and visual alarm I, an audible and visual alarm II, an audible and visual alarm III and an audible and visual alarm IV.
Further, hang basket repacking part and include the extension longeron of installing on the longeron of hanging the basket, install the diagonal brace on extension longeron and the girder of hanging the basket, install the crossbeam on the extension longeron, the water tank platform is set up at the crossbeam both ends.
Further, treat that the section water tank of pouring is including treating that section water tank I is left poured, treat that section water tank I is right poured, treat that the right side of pouring is built a section water tank II left side and treat that section water tank II is right poured, installation central water tank water pump I and central water tank water pump II are respectively for controlling the section water tank water supply of pouring of treating of end in the central water tank, 4 treat that each installs 1 water pump in the section water tank of pouring, 2 that every tip is adjacent treat that adopt horizontal union coupling between the section water tank of pouring, violently be equipped with violently pipe electric control valve on the pipe, violently pipe and the water tank be responsible for and link to each other, be equipped with the person in charge electric control valve on the water tank be responsible for, the water tank be responsible for with be connected with central water tank through the hose.
Further, adjustable laser emission device II is the same with adjustable laser emission device I's structure, comprising a base plate, the back bracket, the fore-stock, hold in the palm the strip, the vertical adjustment bracket, perpendicular adjusting screw, the pen clip, perpendicular adjusting nut, horizontal adjusting nut and laser pen, the bottom plate is used for fixing on the concrete face, the back bracket is fixed in on the bottom plate with the fore-stock, hold in the palm the strip both ends respectively with back bracket and vertical adjustment bracket for articulated, the vertical adjustment bracket passes through perpendicular adjusting screw to be connected on the fore-stock, be provided with the pen clip on the support strip, the pen clip passes through horizontal adjusting nut to be connected on holding in the palm the strip, the laser pen is fixed in on the pen clip.
Further, the distance from the double-sided photosensitive sensing device to the edge of the beam is approximately the same as the distance from the double-sided photosensitive sensing device to the adjustable laser emitting device II and the adjustable laser emitting device I, the double-sided photosensitive sensing device comprises a ruler body and series of photosensitive resistors which are uniformly fixed on two sides of the ruler body, side light shielding plates are arranged on two sides of the ruler body, a top light shielding plate is installed at the top of the ruler body, and light filters are installed on the front side and the rear side of the ruler body.
Furthermore, the pressure sensor comprises a pressure sensor I left side, a pressure sensor I right side, a pressure sensor II left side and a pressure sensor II right side, and two groups of left and right are respectively arranged at the bottom of the basket longitudinal beam hung at the two ends.
Further, pressure sensor I is left, pressure sensor I is right, pressure sensor II is left, pressure sensor II is right, the laser pen in adjustable laser emission device II and the adjustable laser emission device I, series photo resistance in the two-sided photosensitive induction system, central water tank water pump I, central water tank water pump II, 4 treat the water pump in the section of watering water tank, be responsible for electric control flap, violently manage electric control flap, audible-visual annunciator I, audible-visual annunciator II, audible-visual annunciator III and audible-visual annunciator IV all are connected with main control unit, main control unit is connected with the display screen.
A construction method of a continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system comprises the following steps.
S1, completing installation in a traditional hanging basket and template system, when pouring bottom plate concrete at one end of a continuous beam T structure, defining the left end as an I end, the right end as an II end, wherein the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the I end starts to increase, the deflection of the left end gradually increases, the I end starts to sink, the laser at the I end starts to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors becomes small, the resistance value of the high position after the laser moves upwards becomes small, the position where the resistance value of the I surface decreases is higher than or equal to the II end, the main controller reads the numerical value increase of the 2 pressure sensors at the I end and the small resistance value data in the series of photoresistors at the I surface of a double-sided photosensitive sensing device gradually moves upwards, namely, the concrete is recognized to be poured on the bottom plate or the top plate at the I end, the load of the I end increases, and when the set threshold value is reached, the main controller sends a water pump balance weight and an alarm command to each water pump according to the set coding logic, after a certain amount of concrete is poured at the end I, the concrete pouring of the bottom plate is carried out by switching to the end II, if the concrete pouring is not carried out, the unbalance deviation is gradually increased, when the set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm gives a short sound for reminding, the switching is necessary, otherwise, the alarm gives a long sound for warning.
S2, after the end II is poured, the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the end II begins to increase, the deflection of the end II gradually increases, the end II begins to sink, the laser of the end II begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors becomes small, the resistance value of the high position after the laser moves upwards becomes small, the position where the resistance value of the surface II decreases is higher than or equal to the surface I, a main controller reads the numerical value increase of the 2 pressure sensors at the end II and the small data of the series of photoresistors at the left end surface of a double-sided photosensitive induction device to gradually move upwards, namely, the concrete is identified to be poured on a bottom plate or a top plate at the end II, the load of the end II increases, when the set threshold value is reached, the main controller sends a pumping water balance weight to each water pump according to the set coding logic and sends an alarm command to each alarm, after a certain amount of concrete is poured on the left end, the concrete is switched to the end to pour the bottom plate concrete at the end, if the switching is not carried out, the unbalanced deviation is gradually increased, when the set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm needs to be switched if the alarm is used for short-time reminding, otherwise, the alarm is used for long-time reminding.
S3, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the pouring of the bottom plate concrete is completed, and then pouring the web plate concrete.
S4-pouring the bottom plate concrete, then pouring the concrete of the web plate at one side of the I end of the T-shaped structure, along with the pouring of the concrete, the left side load of the I end begins to increase gradually, the pressure sensor values at the two sides of the I end increase gradually, when the difference between the left side pressure value of the I end and the right side pressure value of the I end is larger than a set threshold value, the deflection of the I end increases, the I end begins to sink, the laser of the I end begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors becomes smaller, the position where the resistance value of the I surface is reduced is higher than or equal to the II end, the main controller reads the data of the small resistance values in the series of photoresistors of the I surface of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device, the main controller reads the numerical value of the left side pressure sensor at the I end to be larger than the right side pressure sensor value at the I end, and the data of the small resistance values in the series of the left surface of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device to move upwards gradually, the method comprises the steps that concrete is poured into a web on the left side of an I end, a main controller sends pumping balance weights to water pumps and alarm commands to alarms according to set coding logic, after a certain amount of concrete is poured into the left side of the I end, the main controller is switched to the right side of the I end to pour the web concrete, if the balance deviation is not changed, the unbalance deviation is gradually increased, when a set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm is reminded by short sound, the alarm must be switched, and otherwise, a long sound alarm is given.
The step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the right web plate at the I end of the S5-T structure corresponds to the step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the left web plate at the I end of the S4T structure.
S6, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the pouring of the web concrete is completed.
And S7, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the top plate concrete pouring is completed, then carrying out the traditional procedures of maintenance, tensioning, form removal and the like, then moving the hanging basket forward, and carrying out the construction of the next beam section.
And S8, repeating the steps S1-S7 until concrete construction of other sections of the T structure except the combined interference section and the 0# section is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. concrete pouring amount does not depend on manual statistics, counting is not needed, unbalanced deviation of the T-shaped structure is determined by sensor values, and the risk of manual uncertainty is small.
2. The requirement on the communication between a commander in the site and a pouring worker is low, and the method is more suitable for the complex environment of a construction site.
3. The counterweight can reduce the times of concrete alternate pouring in a certain range, reduce the times of pump pipe switching and reduce the labor intensity of workers.
4. The balance weight reduces unbalanced deviation, so that repeated tension-pressure moment of concrete at the joint of the bridge bearing platform and the pier, and the pier and the beam is reduced, and the quality of the concrete is improved.
5. The bridge is beneficial to the field operators on duty and managers at all levels to control the whole state of the bridge in time, and the construction process is adjusted in time when special conditions occur, so that the risk coefficient is reduced, and the loss of workers and mechanical workers is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a modified view of the hanging basket of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a water supply system layout drawing I of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a water supply system layout view II of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a beam segment piping arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a detailed structure diagram of the adjustable laser emitting device;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the position of the dual-sided photosensitive sensor device and the main controller;
FIG. 8 is a detailed structure diagram of a double-sided photosensitive sensor;
FIG. 9 is a numbering diagram of the photoresistors;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the position of the pressure sensor of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a pier, 2 is a # 0 section, 3 is a poured section, 4 is a section to be poured, 5 is a hanging basket, 6 is a sling and template bearing system, 7 is a hanging basket refitting part, 8 is a central water tank, 9 is a left water tank I of a section to be poured, 10 is a right water tank I of a section to be poured, 11 is a left water tank II of a section to be poured, 12 is a right water tank II of a section to be poured, 13 is an adjustable laser emitting device II, 14 is an adjustable laser emitting device I, 15 is a double-sided photosensitive sensing device, 16 is a main controller, 17 is a display screen, 18 is an audible and visual alarm I, 19 is an audible and visual alarm II, 20 is an audible and visual alarm III, 21 is an audible and visual alarm IV, 22 is a main water tank pipe, 23 is an electric control valve of a main pipe, 24 is an electric control valve of a transverse pipe, 25-horizontal pipe, 26-left pressure sensor I, 27-right pressure sensor I, 28-left pressure sensor II, 29-right pressure sensor II, 7.1-lengthened longitudinal beam, 7.2-diagonal brace, 7.3-cross beam, 7.4-water tank platform, 8.1-central water tank pump I, 8.2-central water tank pump I, 8.3-hose, 9.1-left to-be-poured section water tank pump I, 10.1-right to-be-poured section water tank pump I, 11.1-left to-be-poured section water tank pump II, 12.1-right to-be-poured section water tank pump II, 14.1-bottom plate of adjustable laser emitting device, 14.2-rear bracket, 14.3-front bracket, 14.4-supporting bar, 14.5-vertical adjusting bracket, 14.6-vertical adjusting screw, 14.7-pen clip, 14.8-vertical adjusting nut, 14.9-horizontal adjusting nut, 14.10-laser pen, 15.1-ruler body, 15.2-series photoresistor, 15.3-side light shielding plate, 15.4-top light shielding plate and 15.5-optical filter.
Serial numbers of the photoresistors are as follows:
15.2. I.0-photo resistance numbered 0 facing the I end, 15.2. I.1-photo resistance numbered 1 facing the I end, 15.2. I.2-photo resistance numbered 0 facing the I end, 15.2. I.3-photo resistance numbered 1 facing the I end; 15.2. II.0-photo resistor numbered 0 towards end II, 15.2. II.1-photo resistor numbered 1 towards end II, 15.2. II.2-photo resistor numbered 0 towards end II, 15.2. II.3-photo resistor numbered 1 towards end II.
Detailed Description
As shown in the attached drawings 1-8 and the structure diagram, the hanging basket is modified on the basis of the existing pier 1, the No. 0 section 2, the poured section 3, the section to be poured 4, the hanging basket 5, the sling and the template bearing system 6, and a water tank and other auxiliary devices are added, and the hanging basket modifying part 7, the central water tank 8, the left 9 of the water tank I of the section to be poured, the right 10 of the water tank I of the section to be poured, the left 11 of the water tank II of the right section to be poured, the right 12 of the water tank II of the section to be poured, the adjustable laser emitting device II13, the adjustable laser emitting device I14, the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15, the main controller 16, the display screen 17, the audible and visual alarm I18, the audible and visual alarm II19, the audible and visual alarm III20, the audible and visual alarm IV21, the main pipe 22 of the water tank, the main pipe electric control valve 23, the transverse pipe 24, the transverse pipe 25, the left 26 of the pressure sensor I, the right 27, the pressure sensor I, the right 27, the transverse pipe 25, the pressure sensor I, the transverse pipe 27, the transverse pipe 8 and the auxiliary devices, And 4 pressure sensors are arranged on the left side (28) of the pressure sensor II and on the right side (29) of the pressure sensor II.
The central water tank 8 is arranged in the center of the No. 0 section 2, the left side 9 of the water tank I of the section to be poured, the right side 10 of the water tank I of the section to be poured, the left side 11 of the water tank II of the section to be poured and the right side 12 of the water tank II of the section to be poured are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the continuous beam T structure hanging basket modification part 7 and move forwards along with the hanging basket, the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14 are arranged at one end, close to the section 4 to be poured, of the poured section 3, the deformation of the beam section is the largest at the position when concrete is poured, the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 is arranged in the central position of the No. 0 section, and the distance between the double-sided photosensitive sensing device and the edge of the beam is approximately the same as that of the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14. The main controller 16 and the display screen 17 are also arranged on the 0# section, and the audible and visual alarm I18, the audible and visual alarm II19, the audible and visual alarm III20 and the audible and visual alarm IV21 are respectively arranged at the underbridge concrete pump, the 0# section and the left and right end concrete pouring positions.
As shown in fig. 2, the modified part 7 of the hanging basket comprises an elongated longitudinal beam 7.1 installed on the original hanging basket longitudinal beam, inclined supporting rods 7.2 installed on the elongated longitudinal beam 7.1 and the original hanging basket main beam, a cross beam 7.3 installed on the elongated longitudinal beam 7.1, and water tank platforms 7.4 erected at two ends of the cross beam 7.3, wherein the installation position of the inclined supporting rods 7.2 needs to avoid the hanging strip and the template bearing system 6 of the original hanging basket.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present patent totally has 5 water tanks, which are respectively: central water tank 8, treat the section of building water tank I left 9, treat the section of building water tank I right 10, treat the right side of building the section of building water tank II left 11 and treat the section of building water tank II right 12, install central water tank water pump I8.1 and central water tank water pump II8.2 in the central water tank 8 and supply water for the section of building water tank that treats of controlling the end respectively, 4 treat respectively install 1 water pump in the section of building water tank, 2 of every T structure end are treated the section of building water tank and are adopted violently pipe 25 to connect, violently pipe 25 establishes violently pipe electric control valve 24 control, the water tank is responsible for 22 and is fixed in on the hanging basket girder, link to each other with violently pipe 25, also establish and be responsible for electric control valve 23 control, because 4 treat that the section of building water tank and be responsible for 22 and follow the antedisplacement of hanging basket, consequently, adopt the hose connection between the central water tank 8.
As shown in fig. 6, the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14 are composed of a bottom plate 14.1, a rear bracket 14.2, a front bracket 14.3, a supporting strip 14.4, a vertical adjusting bracket 14.5, a vertical adjusting screw 14.6, a pen clip 14.7, a vertical adjusting nut 14.8, a horizontal adjusting nut 14.9, and a laser pen 14.10, the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14 are fixed at one end of a cast beam segment 3 close to a beam segment 4 to be cast, concrete of the beam segment 4 to be cast is completely cast, and the hanging basket is moved forward to one end of the next cast beam segment 3 close to the beam segment 4 to be cast after being moved forward.
The bottom plate 14.1 is used for being fixed on a concrete surface, the rear bracket 14.2 and the front bracket 14.3 are fixed on the bottom plate 14.1, the support strip 14.4 is hinged with the rear bracket 14.2 and the vertical adjusting bracket 14.5, the vertical adjusting bracket 14.5 is connected to the front bracket 14.3 through a vertical adjusting screw 14.6, the height of the vertical adjusting bracket 14.5 is adjusted through a vertical adjusting nut 14.8, the vertical angle of the support strip 14.4 is further adjusted, a pen clip 14.7 is arranged on the support strip 14.4, the pen clip 14.7 is connected to the support strip 14.2 through a horizontal adjusting nut 14.9, the horizontal angle of the pen clip 14.7 is adjusted through the horizontal adjusting nut 14.9, the laser pen 14.10 is fixed on the pen clip 14.7, and the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the laser pen clip 14.10 can be adjusted through adjusting the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the vertical bracket 14.2 and the horizontal angle of the pen clip 14.7.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 is disposed at the center of the 0# segment, and the distance between the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 and the edge of the beam is substantially the same as that between the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14, and the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 is composed of a ruler body 15.1, a series of photosensitive resistors 15.2 uniformly fixed on the two sides of the ruler body, a side light shielding plate 15.3, a top light shielding plate 15.4, and a light filter 15.5.
As shown in fig. 9, the numbering rule of the series of photoresistors is:
the photoresistor facing to the I surface of the T structure is sequentially from bottom to top: the number of the photoresistors facing the I end is 15.2.I.0, the number of the photoresistors facing the I end is 1, the number of the photoresistors facing the I end is 15.2.I.1, the number of the photoresistors facing the I end is 2, the number of the photoresistors facing the I end is 3, 15.2.I.3, and the like until the uppermost resistor;
the photoresistor facing the T-shaped structure II face sequentially comprises the following components from bottom to top: the photoresistor 15.2.II.0 with the serial number facing the end II is 0, the photoresistor 15.2.II.1 with the serial number facing the end II is 1, the photoresistor 15.2.II.2 with the serial number facing the end II is 2, the photoresistor 15.2.II.3 with the serial number facing the end II is 3, and so on until the uppermost resistor.
As shown in fig. 10, 4 pressure sensors, namely, a pressure sensor I left 26, a pressure sensor I right 27, a pressure sensor II left 28, and a pressure sensor II right 29, are respectively located between the bottom of the cradle longitudinal beam at both ends and the poured beam section, and are used for reading cradle pressure.
The main controller 16 is connected with 4 pressure sensors including a left pressure sensor I26, a right pressure sensor I27, a left pressure sensor II 28, a right pressure sensor II 29, an adjustable laser emitting device II13, a series of photoresistors 15.2 in an adjustable laser emitting device I14, a central water tank 8, water pumps in 4 water tanks of sections to be poured, an electric control valve 23, an electric control valve 24 and 4 audible and visual alarms respectively arranged at a concrete pump under a bridge, a section 0# and concrete pouring positions at the left end and the right end.
The main controller 16 reads the pressure values of the 4 pressure sensors and the resistance value data of the series of photoresistors, and displays the data on the display screen 17.
And the main controller controls the water pump and the electric control valve to be switched on and off through the read pressure value difference and the resistance value difference.
The invention needs to modify the conventional hanging basket for continuous beam construction, then install water tanks, realize longitudinal and transverse balance weight by injecting water into each water tank, and additionally, an adjustable laser emitting device is arranged at the last poured section, and a photosensitive graduated scale is arranged at the No. 0 section to monitor beam section deflection, and the specific implementation mode and the steps are as follows:
1. modifying the hanging basket:
the modified part of the hanging basket needs to be consistent with the original hanging basket and can be used after being stressed, after each group of hanging baskets is modified, the lengthened part is used for placing 2 water tanks to be poured
2. Installing a water supply system:
when concrete is poured, water pumping balance weights are adopted to be arranged in the water tanks so as to keep the longitudinal balance and the transverse balance of the T-shaped structure. Each water pump and the electric control valve are connected to a main controller 16, and the main controller controls the water pumps and the valve switches.
3. And (3) installing a deflection monitoring system:
the deflection monitoring device comprises an adjustable laser emitting device II13 and an adjustable laser emitting device I14 which are arranged at two ends of a T-shaped structure and are close to a section to be cast, and a double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 which is positioned in the center of the No. 0 section.
The spectral characteristics of the photoresistor 15.2 and the color of the filter 15.5 need to correspond to the laser color and wavelength of the laser pen, so that the photoresistor 15.2 obtains the maximum sensitivity, if a common red laser pen is selected, a red filter needs to be adopted, and the photoresistor made of a photoconductive device material cadmium selenide (CdSe) can be selected.
Before concrete is poured, the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of laser pens at two ends of the T-shaped structure are adjusted, so that lasers at two ends irradiate the photoresistors at two surfaces of the double-surface photosensitive sensing device 15 at the same height position, for example, the photoresistor with the number of 15.2.I.2 is irradiated at the end I, the photoresistor with the number of 15.2.II.2 is irradiated at the end II, the laser irradiation points at two surfaces are recommended to be at the height of a point 3, and finally, the vertical and horizontal adjusting bolts of the adjustable laser emitting device are fixed.
In the concrete pouring process, along with the gradual increase of the load of the section to be poured, the poured section of the T structure is downwards warped, the laser angles of the adjustable laser emitting device II13 and the adjustable laser emitting device I14 which are fixed on the poured section of the T structure are gradually raised, the laser irradiation points are gradually raised at the position of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15, the resistance value of the series of photosensitive resistors 15.2 is changed, and the resistance value of the photosensitive resistors irradiated by the laser pen is reduced.
4. And (5) installing a control system.
The control system comprises a main controller 16, a display screen 17, a pressure sensor which is connected with the main controller 16 and reads data by the main controller, a system photoresistor 15.2 in the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15, water pumps, electric control valves and 4 audible and visual alarms which are connected with the main controller and controlled by the main controller 16 and are arranged in all water tanks. The main controller 16 displays the read pressure value and the resistance value on the display screen 17 so that the on-site attendant can know the whole state of the bridge at the first time.
The main controller and element connection mode:
the input terminals of the main controller 16 are connected to the following elements: 4 pressure sensors under 2 groups of hanging baskets at the end 2 of the continuous beam T structure, and a series of light-sensitive resistors 15.2 on 2 surfaces of the double-sided light-sensitive sensing device 15. The master controller reads the pressure values of the 4 pressure sensors and the resistance values of the series of photosensitive resistors 15.2 on the 2 surfaces of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 from the input end.
The output of the main controller 16 is connected to the following components: the device comprises a display screen 17, a central water tank 8, 4 water pumps in water tanks of sections to be poured, a main pipe electric control valve 23, a transverse pipe electric control valve 24 and 4 audible and visual alarms which are respectively arranged at the concrete pump under the bridge, the No. 0 section and the concrete pouring positions at the left end and the right end. The main controller 16 displays the read pressure value and resistance value on the display screen 17, and respectively controls the water pump and the electric control valve to open/close, and respectively controls the 4 audible and visual alarms to emit sound/extinguish the closing sound.
5. Secondary real-time counterweight construction:
s1, completing the installation of the traditional hanging basket and template system, and completing the hanging basket modification, the installation of the water supply system, the installation of the deflection monitoring system and the installation of the control system, then pouring the beam section concrete, when pouring the bottom plate concrete of one end of the continuous beam T structure, the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the end (defined as the end I or the left end) begins to increase, the deflection of the left end gradually increases, the end I begins to sink, the laser at the end I begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in the series of photoresistors 15.2 is reduced, the resistance value of the high position after the laser moves upwards is reduced, the position where the resistance value of the surface I is reduced is higher than or equal to the end II, the main controller reads the numerical value increase of the 2 pressure sensors at the left end and the small resistance value data in the series of the photoresistors 15.2 of the surface I of the double-sided photoresistor 15 and gradually moves upwards, namely, the concrete is identified as the bottom plate or the top plate poured at the end I or the top plate, the load of the I end is increased, when the load reaches a set threshold value, the main controller 16 sends a pumping balance weight to each water pump and sends an alarm command to each alarm according to set coding logic, after a certain amount of concrete is poured at the I end (the poured concrete amount is determined according to the size of a configured section water tank to be poured, generally 3.5 cubic concrete is added to half of the total weight of water in the section water tank to be poured), the end is switched to the II end for bottom plate concrete pouring, if the switching is not carried out, the unbalanced deviation is gradually increased, when the set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm gives a short sound for reminding, the switching is necessary, otherwise, the alarm gives a long sound for warning.
S2, after the end II is poured, the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the end II begins to increase, meanwhile, the deflection of the end II gradually increases, the end II begins to sink, the laser at the end II begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors 15.2 is reduced, the resistance value of the high position after the laser moves upwards is reduced, the position where the resistance value of the surface II is reduced is higher than or equal to the surface I, the main controller reads the numerical value increase of the 2 pressure sensors at the end II and the small resistance value data in the series of photoresistors 15.2 at the left end surface of the double-sided photosensitive induction device 15 gradually moves upwards, namely the concrete is recognized as concrete poured on the bottom plate or top plate at the end II, the load at the end II increases, when the set threshold value is reached, the main controller 16 sends a pumping balance weight to each water pump and an alarm command to each alarm according to the set coding logic, a certain amount of concrete is poured at the left end (the amount is calculated and determined according to the size of the water tank at the section to be poured, generally 3.5 cubic concretes and half of the total weight of water in a water tank of a section to be poured), switching to an I end for pouring the bottom plate concrete, if not, gradually increasing unbalanced deviation, and when reaching a set reminding threshold value, reminding by an alarm with a short sound, switching is necessary, otherwise, alarming with a long sound;
and S3, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the pouring of the bottom plate concrete is completed, and then pouring the web plate concrete.
S4-after the pouring of the bottom concrete is finished, the pouring of the concrete of the web on one side of the I end of the T-shaped structure is started (defined as the left side), along with the pouring of the concrete, the load on the left side of the I end is gradually increased, the values of the pressure sensors on the two sides of the I end are gradually increased, when the difference between the left pressure value of the I end and the right pressure value of the I end is larger than a set threshold value, the deflection of the I end is increased, the I end is sunk, the laser of the I end is moved upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in the series of photoresistors 15.2 is reduced, the position of the resistance value reduction of the I surface is higher than or equal to the II end, the main controller reads the increase of the values of the 2 pressure sensors on the left end and the small resistance value data in the series of the photoresistors 15.2 on the I surface of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 to be gradually moved upwards, the main controller 16 reads the values of the pressure sensors on the left side of the I end which is larger than the pressure sensors on the right side and the small resistance value data in the series of the photoresistors 15.2 of the double-sided photosensitive sensing device 15 to be gradually moved upwards, namely, identifying that the concrete is poured into the web plate on the left side of the I end, sending a pumping balance weight to each water pump and sending an alarm command to each alarm by the main controller 16 according to the set coding logic, after a certain amount of concrete is poured into the left side of the I end (the poured concrete amount is calculated and determined according to the size of the configured water tank of the section to be poured, generally 1 cubic concrete plus half of the total weight of water in the water tank of the section to be poured), switching to the right side of the I end to pour the web plate concrete, if the switching is not carried out, the unbalanced deviation is gradually increased, and when the set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm gives a short sound to remind, the switching is necessary, otherwise, the alarm gives a long sound to alarm.
The step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the right web plate at the I end of the S5-T structure corresponds to the step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the left web plate at the I end of the S4T structure;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the pouring of the web concrete is completed.
And S7, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the top plate concrete pouring is completed, then carrying out the traditional procedures of maintenance, tensioning, form removal and the like, then moving the hanging basket forward, and carrying out the construction of the next beam section.
S8, repeating the steps S1-S7 until concrete construction of other sections of the T structure except the combined interference section and the 0# section is completed, wherein the 0# section does not need to be weighted, and the combined interference section needs to be weighted according to the traditional process and design requirements. The invention can be used in the range of other sections of concrete of the continuous beam T structure except the combined interference section and the 0# section.
When the pressure difference value between the end I and the end II exceeds the set reminding threshold value and the difference value is continuously increased, the unbalanced deviation of the left end and the right end reaches the limit of the longitudinal counterweight, the main controller 16 reminds operators of switching the concrete pipeline by short sound according to the set logic code, and otherwise, alarms by long sound.
When the difference value of the left and right side pressure at one end exceeds the set reminding threshold value and the difference value continues to increase, the unbalanced deviation of the left and right side webs at one end reaches the limit of the transverse balance weight, the main controller 16 controls the audible and visual alarm at the end to remind short sound, the operator at the end is reminded to switch the web concrete pouring point, and otherwise, the operator at the end is reminded to alarm long sound.
When the pressure difference between the left end and the right end does not exceed the limit, when the pressure of a certain end is increased and the resistance value of one side of the end of the double-sided photosensitive induction device 15 shows that the deflection of the end is unchanged or reversely changed, the main controller 16 controls all 4 audible and visual alarms to give a long-distance alarm according to the set logic codes, and prompts a person on duty to stop working and troubleshooting when the continuous beam T structure is interfered by the outside.

Claims (7)

1. A construction method of a continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system comprises a central water tank (8) arranged in the center of a No. 0 section (2), cast sections (3) are arranged on two sides of the No. 0 section (2), hanging baskets (5) are installed on the cast sections (3), hanging basket modification parts (7) capable of moving forwards along with the hanging baskets are installed on the hanging baskets (5), water tanks of sections to be cast are installed on the left side and the right side of the hanging basket modification parts (7) respectively, and the central water tank (8) supplies water to the water tanks of the sections to be cast; an adjustable laser emitting device II (13) and an adjustable laser emitting device I (14) are mounted at one end, close to a section (4) to be poured, of the poured section (3), a double-sided photosensitive sensing device (15) is arranged at the center of the 0# section (2), and a pressure sensor is arranged between the longitudinal beam bottom of the hanging basket (5) at two sides and the poured beam section;
the double-sided photosensitive induction device (15) comprises a ruler body (15.1) and series of photosensitive resistors (15.2) uniformly fixed on two sides of the ruler body, side shading plates (15.3) are arranged on two sides of the ruler body (15.1), a top shading plate (15.4) is arranged on the top of the ruler body (15.1), and optical filters (15.5) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ruler body (15.1);
the method also comprises the following steps of,
s1, completing installation in a traditional hanging basket and template system, when pouring continuous beam T to construct bottom plate concrete at one end, defining the left end as I end, the right end as II end, the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the I end begins to increase, the deflection of the left end gradually increases, the I end begins to sink, the laser at the I end begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors (15.2) becomes smaller after the laser moves upwards, the resistance value of the I surface decreases, the position of the resistance value decrease is higher than or equal to the II end, the main controller reads the main control data of small resistance value in the series of photoresistors (15.2) at the I surface of the double-sided photoresistor device (15) and gradually moves upwards, namely, the main control data is identified as the concrete poured on the bottom plate at the I end or the top plate, the load at the I end increases, when the set threshold value is reached, the main controller (16) sends water pump balance weight to each water pump and alarm according to the set coding logic, after a certain amount of concrete is poured at the end I, the concrete is poured at the end II, the concrete pouring of the bottom plate is carried out, if the concrete pouring is not carried out, the unbalance deviation is gradually increased, when the set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm is used for short-time sound reminding, the switching is needed, otherwise, the alarm is used for long-time sound warning;
s2, after the end II is poured, the pressure of 2 pressure sensors at the bottom of the hanging basket at the end II begins to increase, meanwhile, the deflection of the end II gradually increases, the end II begins to sink, the laser at the end II begins to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors (15.2) is reduced, the resistance value of the high position after the laser moves upwards is reduced, the position where the resistance value of the surface II is reduced is higher than or equal to the surface I, the main controller reads the numerical increase of the pressure sensors at the end II and the small resistance value data in the series of photoresistors (15.2) on the left end surface of a double-sided photosensitive sensing device (15), namely, the concrete is recognized to be poured on the bottom plate or the top plate at the end II, the load at the end increases, when the set threshold value is reached, the main controller (16) sends a pumping balance weight to each water pump and an alarm command to each alarm according to the set coding logic, and a certain amount of concrete is poured at the left end, switching to the end I to pour the concrete of the bottom plate, if not, gradually increasing the unbalance deviation, and when reaching a set reminding threshold value, carrying out short-sound reminding by an alarm, switching, otherwise, carrying out long-sound alarm;
s3, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the pouring of the bottom plate concrete is finished, and then pouring the web plate concrete;
s4-pouring of bottom plate concrete is completed, pouring of concrete of the web plate on one side of the I end of the T-shaped structure is started, along with the start of pouring of the concrete, the load on the left side of the I end starts to increase gradually, the numerical values of the pressure sensors on the two sides of the I end increase gradually, when the difference between the pressure value on the left side of the I end and the pressure value on the right side of the I end is larger than a set threshold value, the deflection of the I end increases, the I end sinks, the laser of the I end starts to move upwards, the resistance value of a single photoresistor irradiated by the laser in a series of photoresistors (15.2) becomes small, the position where the resistance value of the I surface decreases is higher than or equal to the II end, the main controller reads that the numerical values of the 2 pressure sensors on the left end increase and the medium and small resistance value data in the series of photoresistors (15.2) on the I surface of the double-sided photoresistor (15) to move upwards gradually, the main controller (16) reads that the numerical values of the pressure sensors on the left side of the I end are larger than the numerical values of the pressure sensors on the right side, and reads that of the double-sided photoresistors (15), and the medium and small resistance value data in the series of the photoresistors (15.2) on the left end surface gradually Gradually moving upwards, namely identifying that concrete is poured into a web plate on the left side of the I end, sending a pumping balance weight to each water pump and sending an alarm command to each alarm by a main controller (16) according to set coding logic, pouring a certain amount of concrete on the left side of the I end, switching to the right side of the I end to pour the concrete of the web plate, if the concrete is not switched, gradually increasing unbalance deviation, and when a set reminding threshold value is reached, the alarm gives a short sound to remind, the alarm must be switched, otherwise, giving a long sound to alarm;
the step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the right web plate at the I end of the S5-T structure corresponds to the step of weighting when the concrete is poured into the left web plate at the I end of the S4T structure;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the pouring of the web concrete is completed;
s7, repeating the steps S1-S2 until the top plate concrete pouring is completed, then carrying out the traditional procedures of maintenance, tensioning, form removal and the like, then moving the hanging basket forward, and carrying out the construction of the next beam section;
and S8, repeating the steps S1-S7 until concrete construction of other sections of the T structure except the combined interference section and the 0# section is completed.
2. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and concrete pouring positions at two ends of the 0# section (2) and the poured section (3) and a concrete pump position below the pier (1) are respectively provided with an audible and visual alarm I (18), an audible and visual alarm II (19), an audible and visual alarm III (20) and an audible and visual alarm IV (21).
3. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: hang basket repacking part (7) including install extension longeron (7.1) on the longeron of hanging basket (6), install diagonal brace (7.2) on extension longeron (7.1) and the girder of hanging basket (6), install crossbeam (7.3) on extension longeron (7.1), water tank platform (7.4) are set up at crossbeam (7.3) both ends.
4. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 3, characterized in that: treat that to build section water tank including treating that to pour section water tank I left (9), treat that to build section water tank I right (10), treat that to build section water tank II left (11) and treat that to build section water tank II right (12) on the right side, install central tank water pump I (8.1) and central tank water pump II (8.2) respectively for the section water tank water supply of waiting to build of left and right ends in central tank (8), 4 treat and respectively install 1 water pump in the section water tank of pouring, 2 that every tip is adjacent treat that to build and adopt violently pipe (25) to connect between the section water tank, be equipped with horizontal pipe electric control valve (24) on violently pipe (25), violently pipe (25) are responsible for (22) with the water tank and link to each other, be equipped with on the water tank and be responsible for electric control valve (23), the water tank is responsible for (22) and is connected with central tank (8) through hose (8.4).
5. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 4, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the adjustable laser emitting device II (13) and the adjustable laser emitting device I (14) have the same structure and comprise a bottom plate (14.1), a rear bracket (14.2), a front bracket (14.3), a supporting strip (14.4) and a vertical adjusting bracket (14.5), the concrete laser pen comprises a vertical adjusting screw rod (14.6), a pen clip (14.7), a vertical adjusting nut (14.8), a horizontal adjusting nut (14.9) and a laser pen (14.10), wherein the bottom plate (14.1) is used for being fixed on a concrete surface, a rear bracket (14.2) and a front bracket (14.3) are fixed on the bottom plate (14.1), two ends of a supporting strip (14.4) are hinged with the rear bracket (14.2) and the vertical adjusting bracket (14.5) respectively, the vertical adjusting bracket (14.5) is connected onto the front bracket (14.3) through the vertical adjusting screw rod (14.6), the supporting strip (14.4) is provided with the pen clip (14.7), the pen clip (14.7) is connected onto the supporting strip (14.4) through the horizontal adjusting nut (14.9), and the laser pen (14.10) is fixed onto the pen clip (14.7).
6. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pressure sensor comprises a pressure sensor I left side (26), a pressure sensor I right side (27), a pressure sensor II left side (28) and a pressure sensor II right side (29), and two groups of left and right are respectively arranged at the bottom of the cradle longitudinal beam at the two ends.
7. The construction method of the continuous beam cantilever casting secondary real-time counterweight system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the pressure sensor I left side (26), the pressure sensor I right side (27), the pressure sensor II left side (28), the pressure sensor II right side (29), the laser pen (14.10) in adjustable laser emission device II (13) and the adjustable laser emission device I (14), series of photosensitive resistors (15.2) in the double-sided photosensitive induction device (15), central water tank water pump I (8.1), central water tank water pump II (8.2), 4 water pumps in the section water tank to be poured, main pipe electric control valve (23), horizontal pipe electric control valve (24), audible-visual annunciator I (18), audible-visual annunciator II (19), audible-visual annunciator III (20) and audible-visual annunciator IV (21) are all connected with main controller (16), and main controller (16) is connected with display screen (17).
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